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88-758: The company, incorporated on May 27, 1920, with a capital stock of $ 5,000,000 and Fred L. Baker of the Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company acting as president. The early history of the company is that of the establishment of the Los Angeles - San Francisco route. In 1921, LASSCO added service to Hawaii in competition with the San Francisco-based Matson Navigation Company using two former North German Lloyd ocean liners that had been in U.S. Navy service during World War I . Despite

176-407: A 'lease' which turned out to be a mortgage against the 19,000-acre rancho. The lands became Carpentier's when Peralta refused to repay the loan he believed was fraudulently incurred. The Peraltas had no choice but to abandon the homesite they had occupied for two generations." In 1851, three men— Horace Carpentier , Edson Adams, and Andrew Moon—began developing what is now downtown Oakland. In 1852,

264-624: A 24-hour store door-to-store door delivery service between San Francisco and Los Angeles was implemented in cooperation with local trucking firms, and in October 1931 extended to San Diego. The Harvard became a total loss after she ran aground at Point Arguello on May 30, 1931. The Iroquois , chartered from the Clyde-Mallory Line as a replacement for the Harvard , arrived from the east coast on June 29, 1931 and started service

352-582: A buying, recruitment and inspection trip to the East in October 1900, he predicted the re-election of Republican President William McKinley , which, with the continuation of prosperity , would enable him to "more than double the capacity of the Baker Iron Works ", which, he said, was "the largest of its kind in the country." He said that "there is no more possibility of the election of [Democrat William Jennings] Bryan this or any other year than there

440-458: A direct steamship service between Los Angeles and Honolulu. The City of Honolulu caught fire on October 12, 1922 while on her maiden voyage for the line and sank October 17. The next City of Honolulu , in service since her maiden voyage on June 4, 1927, caught fire in Honolulu on May 25, 1930 and never again entered service before the ship was sent to Japan to be scrapped in 1933. This

528-736: A disproportionate death toll from the COVID-19 pandemic and Delta cron hybrid variant within the San Francisco Bay Area. In 2023, prior to and during the Covid pandemic, Oakland became the first city in American history to lose three professional major league sports teams to other cities within a span of five years. Oakland is in the eastern region of the San Francisco Bay . The United States Census Bureau says

616-501: A marsh-lined wildlife haven, Lake Merritt was dredged and bordered with parks from the 1890s to the 1910s. Despite this reduction in habitat, Oakland is home to a number of rare and endangered species, many of which are localized to serpentine soils and bedrock. Lake Merritt is surrounded by residential and business districts, including downtown and Grand Lake . The city of Piedmont , incorporated in Oakland's central foothills after

704-728: A meeting of Chinatown businessmen in September 1920 that a new $ 15 million line would be set up by "Los Angeles men and your progressive merchants in China." In 1922, Baker was associated with Earl M. Leaf in the old firm, Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock, It commissioned the reconstruction of two ships, City of Los Angeles and City of Honolulu , for travel between California and Hawaii. After departing on its maiden voyage, City of Honolulu caught fire around 5:30 a.m. on October 12, 1922, in mid-Pacific, some 670 mi (1,080 km) from Los Angeles. The captain ordered everyone to

792-597: A new plant there, Oakland had become known as the " Detroit of the West," referring to the major auto manufacturing center in Michigan. Oakland expanded during the 1920s, as its population expanded with factory workers. Approximately 13,000 homes were built in the 3 years between 1921 and 1924, more than during the 13 years between 1907 and 1920. Many of the large downtown office buildings, apartment buildings, and single-family houses still standing in Oakland were built during

880-753: A population of 440,646 in 2020. A major West Coast port, Oakland is the most populous city in the East Bay, the third most populous city in the Bay Area, and the eighth most populous city in California. It serves as the Bay Area's trade center: the Port of Oakland is the busiest port in Northern California , and the fifth- or sixth-busiest in the United States. A charter city , Oakland

968-551: A resource when its hillside oak and redwood timber were logged to build San Francisco . The fertile flatland soils helped it become a prolific agricultural region. In the 1850s, what became the first campus of the University of California was founded in Oakland, and Oakland was selected as the western terminal of the Transcontinental Railroad in 1869. The following year, Oakland's Lake Merritt became

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1056-503: A small epidemic of Pneumonic plague which killed a dozen people in Oakland. This started when a man went hunting in Contra Costa Valley and killed a squirrel. After eating the squirrel, he fell ill four days later and another household member contracted the plague. This in turn was passed on either directly or indirectly to about a dozen others. The officials in Oakland acted quickly by issuing death certificates to monitor

1144-611: A speed in excess of 20 knots, were to make up the fleet, expected to arrive in July 1920 from the Atlantic coast. After arrival in Los Angeles both ships were to undergo a $ 1,000,000 repair and alteration program. On August 24 the merger with the Los Angeles Pacific Navigation Company was announced and the size of the fleet was increased to 6. A new $ 100,000 terminal next to Shed 1, Pier A was built for

1232-627: A stream that enters the San Francisco Bay at Emeryville . In 1772, the area that later became Oakland was colonized, along with the rest of California, by Spanish settlers for the king of Spain . In the early 19th century, the Spanish crown granted the East Bay area to Luis María Peralta for his Rancho San Antonio . The grant was confirmed by the successor Mexican republic upon its independence from Spain. Upon his death in 1842, Peralta divided his land among his four sons. Most of Oakland

1320-514: A total of US$ 57 million during the 2001–2011 timeframe to plaintiffs claiming police abuse; this is the largest sum paid by any city in California. On October 10, 2011, protesters and civic activists began " Occupy Oakland " demonstrations at Frank Ogawa Plaza in Downtown Oakland . African-Americans dropped to 28% of Oakland's population in 2010, from nearly half in 1980, due to fast-rising rents and an extreme housing crisis in

1408-462: A vacant three-bedroom house in West Oakland. The group, calling themselves Moms 4 Housing , said their goal was to protest what they said was a large number of vacant houses in Oakland owned by redevelopment companies while the city experienced a housing crisis. Two months later they were evicted from the house by three dozen sheriff's deputies, as hundreds of supporters demonstrated in favor of

1496-652: Is a list of passenger ships of the Los Angeles Steamship Company: This article related to a United States ship transport company is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Fred L. Baker Fred L. Baker (1872 – January 9, 1927) was an industrialist, business owner, shipbuilder, president of the Automobile Club of Southern California and member of the Los Angeles City Council. Baker

1584-411: Is far enough inland that the fog often burns off by midday, allowing it to have typically sunny California days. The hills tend to have more fog than the flatlands, as the fog drifts down from Berkeley . The U.S. Weather Bureau kept weather records in downtown Oakland from October 4, 1894, to July 31, 1958. During that time, the record high temperature was 104 °F (40 °C) on June 24, 1957, and

1672-594: Is of my succeeding the Emperor of Germany . In 1896 Baker took over as general manager of the Mount Lowe Railway , a tourist attraction running up and down the side of a mountain overlooking Los Angeles and Pasadena. It was, said an article in the Los Angeles Times, an initiative to put the railroad "on a paying basis" and "the prospect at this time is excellent for the complete carrying out of

1760-417: Is the only beach in Oakland. Oaklanders refer to their city's terrain as "the flatlands" and "the hills" . Until recent waves of gentrification, these terms also symbolized Oakland's deep economic divide, with "the hills" being more affluent communities. About two-thirds of Oakland lies in the flat plain of the East Bay, with one-third rising into the foothills and hills of the East Bay range. Ruptures along

1848-495: Is typified by the temperate and seasonal Mediterranean climate. Summers are usually dry and warm and winters are cool and damp. It has features found in both nearby coastal cities such as San Francisco and inland cities such as San Jose , making it warmer than San Francisco and cooler than San Jose. Its position on San Francisco Bay across from the Bay Bridge means the northern part of the city can have cooling maritime fog . It

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1936-574: The Waimea began her once-a-week schedule on the line. Waimea was used to feed cargo to ships sailing on the Los Angeles-Hawaii line, but could also ferry 80 first-class passengers along the coast at a lower rate than Yale and Harvard . Waimea was built as the City of Topeka in 1884 by John Roach & Sons . After being laid up for two years in the Port of Los Angeles West Basin she

2024-518: The Black Panther Party at Merritt College (then located at a former high school on Grove Street, now occupied by Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute ), which emphasized Black nationalism , advocated armed self-defense against police, and was involved in several incidents that ended in the deaths of police officers and other Black Panther members. Among their social programs were feeding children and providing other services to

2112-587: The College of California , and in 1869, the first campus of the University of California . The university moved just north to Berkeley in the 1870s. During the 1850s, just as gold was discovered in California, Oakland started growing and further developing because land was becoming too expensive in San Francisco . People in China were struggling financially as a result of the First Opium War ,

2200-480: The Jim Crow South carried their racial attitudes, causing tensions to rise among black and white workers competing for better-paying jobs in the Bay Area. The racial harmony Oakland African-Americans had been accustomed to prior to the war evaporated. Also migrating to the area during this time were many Mexican Americans from southwestern states such as New Mexico , Texas , and Colorado . Many worked for

2288-489: The Los Angeles Steamship Company . Two years later, during World War I, Baker declared in a speech to "the joint technical societies" that: We shipbuilders are none of us in the game for profit. What we want is production. We are all just one great big body with nothing else to do but get together and produce for the government and the winning of the war. The President of the United States and

2376-716: The Nicaragua Canal Association of Southern California. Baker was a member of the Board of Water Commissioners at the time of the building of the Los Angeles Aqueduct . Baker began work as an apprentice in Los Angeles machine shops , in both mechanical and office positions. He continued with the foundry and machine shop Milo S. Baker & Co., established by his father and James C. Bower. He progressed in responsibility and took over as president when his father died. Upon Baker's return from

2464-642: The Oakland Hills . East Oakland, which includes the East Oakland Hills, encompasses more than half of Oakland's land area, stretching from Lakeshore Avenue on the east shore of Lake Merritt southeast to the San Leandro border. North Oakland encompasses the neighborhoods between downtown and Berkeley and Emeryville . West Oakland is the area between downtown and the Bay, partially surrounded by

2552-566: The Oakland Point , and encompassing the Port of Oakland . In 2011, Oakland was ranked the tenth most walkable city in the United States by Walk Score . Lake Merritt, an urban estuary near downtown, is a mix of fresh and salt water draining in and out from the Oakland Harbor at the San Francisco Bay and one of Oakland's most notable features. It was designated the United States' first official wildlife refuge in 1870. Originally

2640-694: The SS ; Corrales , Timberman and Coquina . The subsidiary only lasted till April 1935 and only ran with the Corrales . Matson called for redemption on July 1, 1935 the entire $ 4,900,000 of mortgage bonds issued in 1931 as part of the LASSCO merger (due 1936-1940) to curtail interest payments. LASSCO ceased operations in 1937. The Yale and Harvard , sister ships launched in December 1906 and January 1907 and both triple-screw steamers capable of

2728-664: The San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge also sustained damage and was closed to traffic for one month. On October 20, 1991, a massive firestorm swept down from the Berkeley /Oakland hills above the Caldecott Tunnel. Twenty-five people were killed, 150 people were injured, and nearly 4,000 homes destroyed. With the loss of life and an estimated economic loss of US$ 1.5 billion, this was the worst urban firestorm in American history, until 2017. During

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2816-592: The Second Opium War , and the Taiping Rebellion , so they began migrating to Oakland, many of whom were recruited to work on railroads. However, the Chinese struggled to settle because they were discriminated against by the white community and their living quarters were burned down on several occasions. The city and its environs quickly grew with the railroads, becoming a major rail terminal in

2904-489: The Southern Pacific Railroad , at its major rail yard in West Oakland. Their young men encountered hostility and discrimination by Armed Forces personnel, and tensions broke out in " zoot suit riots " in downtown Oakland in 1943 in the wake of a major disturbance in Los Angeles that year. In 1946, National City Lines (NCL), a General Motors holding company , acquired 64% of Key System stock; during

2992-501: The War Board have said there shall be no strikes or walk-outs during the period of the war. Any man who stands outside your gate and t tells your men to walk out is a traitor. I hope some day to see a maximum as well as a minimum wage paid to workers, for I believe that every man should be paid a living wage. From then on he ought to be paid in proportion to what his brain and industry can earn for him. In 1918 Baker appeared before

3080-484: The 1890s. The various streetcar companies operating in Oakland were acquired by Francis "Borax" Smith and consolidated into what eventually became known as the Key System , the predecessor of today's publicly owned AC Transit . Oakland was one of the worst affected cities in California that was impacted by the San Francisco plague of 1900–1904 . Quarantine measures were set in place at the Oakland ports requiring

3168-490: The 1906 earthquake, is a small independent city surrounded by the city of Oakland. Oakland has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate ( Köppen Csb ) with an average of 260 sunny days per year. In general, the city features warm, dry summers, and cool, wet winters. Based on data gathered by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , Oakland is ranked No. 1 in climate among U.S. cities. Oakland's climate

3256-427: The 1920s; they reflect the architectural styles of the time. Russell Clifford Durant established Durant Field at 82nd Avenue and East 14th Street in 1916. The first transcontinental airmail flight finished its journey at Durant Field on August 9, 1920, flown by Army Capt. Eddie Rickenbacker and Navy Lt. Bert Acosta . Durant Field was often called Oakland Airport, though the current Oakland International Airport

3344-477: The 1950s California Supreme Court lawsuit Vallerga v. Dept. Alcoholic Bev. Control, when the bar challenged a state law for the right to serve gay patrons and won in 1959. In 1960, Kaiser Corporation opened its new headquarters; it was the largest skyscraper in Oakland, as well as "the largest office tower west of Chicago " up to that time. In the postwar period, suburban development increased around Oakland, and wealthier residents moved to new housing . Despite

3432-643: The Baker Iron Works has demonstrated his ability to organize and secure the best results from big enterprises. In April 1897, a gathering of the unsecured creditors appointed another three-man committee, including Baker, J.M. Johnston of the Union Metal and Hardware Company and L.E. Mosher of the Los Angeles Times , to meet with a committee of bondholders under a power of attorney "to settle or compromise all unsecured claims against

3520-659: The City Council to ask it to pay for a new road at the harbor leading to his plant, which he said had $ 54 million worth of contracts with the government's Emergency Fleet Corporation . The next year, 1919, Baker's Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company was hit with a strike by 2,200 of its 6,000 employees. Baker said he was willing to meet with Mayor Frederic T. Woodman to discuss the strike but that he would "not meet with anyone coming from labor-union circles." Baker established two shipping firms, Los Angeles Pacific Navigation and Los Angeles Steamship, and announced to

3608-601: The Deep South: Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina, and Texas, as well as Missouri and Tennessee. Henry J. Kaiser 's representatives recruited sharecroppers and tenant farmers from rural areas to work in his shipyards. African Americans were part of the Great Migration by which five million persons left the South, mostly for the West, from 1940 to 1970. White migrants from

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3696-806: The Fruitvale District, and included the Josiah Lusk Canning Company, the Oakland Preserving Company (which started the Del Monte brand), and the California Packing Company. President Franklin D. Roosevelt called on defense industries with government contracts to integrate their workforces and provide opportunities for all Americans. Tens of thousands of laborers came from around the country, especially poor whites and blacks from

3784-791: The Merchants' Association to become the Merchants' and Manufacturers' Association , of which he was elected president in 1898. He was the first president of the Founders' and Employers' Association, later known as the Metal Trades Manufacturers' Association, which worked on behalf of maintaining the open shop in Los Angeles. He served until 1911. Baker helped organize the Automobile Club of Southern California , serving as its president from 1910 until 1920. One of

3872-840: The Sierra Vista Ranch Company, as Fred L. Baker's son-in-law. Baker was a member of the California Club , the Los Angeles Country Club , the Los Angeles Athletic Club , Midwick, California Yacht Club and the Uplifters . After an illness of some fifteen months, Baker died on January 9, 1927, in his suite at the Gaylord Apartments, 3355 Wilshire Boulevard , the diagnosis being heart disease . Cremation

3960-571: The State Board of Health and the United States Public Health Service were only allotted about $ 60,000 a year to eradicate the disease. During this period Oakland did not have sufficient health facilities, so some of the infected patients were treated at home. The State Board of Health along with Oakland also advised physicians to promptly report any cases of infected patients. Yet, in 1919 it still resulted in

4048-649: The State famous." In a newspaper column he said that the club maintained 7,600 signs over 5,000 miles of road. Another project favored by Baker was his suggestion to take sand from the Los Angeles River bed and spread it over city streets during rainy weather. He said that in London, England, it had "become the custom for the Boy Scouts , during foggy or rainy weather, to spread out over the city, sprinkling

4136-436: The Town of Oakland was incorporated by the state legislature. During this time, Oakland had 75–100 inhabitants, two hotels, a wharf, two warehouses, and only cattle trails. Two years later, on March 25, 1854, Oakland re-incorporated as the City of Oakland. Horace Carpentier was elected the first mayor, though a scandal ended his mayorship in less than a year. In 1853, a preparatory academy was founded in Oakland that soon became

4224-442: The United States' first officially designated wildlife refuge, now a National Historic Landmark . Following the catastrophic 1906 San Francisco earthquake , many San Francisco citizens moved to Oakland, enlarging the population, increasing its housing stock, and improving its infrastructure. It continued to grow in the 20th century with its port, shipyards , and manufacturing industry. In the 21st century, between 2019 and 2023, after

4312-419: The area defined as the Central Business District in Oakland's 1998 General Plan. Brown's plan and other redevelopment projects were controversial due to potential rent increases and gentrification , which would displace lower-income residents from downtown Oakland into outlying neighborhoods and cities. Due to allegations of misconduct by the Oakland Police Department , the City of Oakland has paid claims for

4400-403: The authorities at the port to inspect the arriving vessels for the presence of infected rats. Quarantine authorities at these ports inspected over a thousand vessels per year for plague and yellow fever. By 1908, over 5,000 people were detained in quarantine. Hunters were sent to poison the affected areas in Oakland and shoot the squirrels, but the eradication work was limited in its range because

4488-411: The automobile industry went through restructuring, many jobs were lost. In addition, labor unrest increased as workers struggled to protect their livelihoods. Oakland was the center of a general strike during the first week of December 1946, one of six cities across the country that had such a strike after World War II. The Mary's First and Last Chance in Oakland was a lesbian bar, once the focus of

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4576-622: The bay. On November 27, 1908, Homer took a ferry across the bay in a driving rainstorm and met for lunch with Frank and twenty three other businessmen at the Hotel Metropole at 13th and Jefferson. This gathering became the first meeting of the Tri-City Rotary Club, renamed in 1911 The Rotary Club of Oakland, the third Rotary Club in the world. This group established the tradition of weekly meetings, something most clubs worldwide follow today. In 1917, General Motors opened an automobile factory in East Oakland called Oakland Assembly . It produced Chevrolet cars and then GMC trucks until 1963, when it

4664-521: The city and county refused requests for hundreds of millions of dollars in benefits to the privately owned teams, Oakland lost three teams of the major North American sports leagues within a span of five years. The earliest known inhabitants of the area were the Huchiun natives, who lived there for thousands of years. The Huchiun belonged to a linguistic grouping later called the Ohlone (a Miwok word meaning "western people"). In Oakland, they were concentrated around Lake Merritt and Temescal Creek ,

4752-483: The city's total area is 78.0 square miles (202 km ), including 55.8 square miles (145 km ) of land and 22.2 square miles (57 km ) (28.48 percent) of water. Oakland's highest point is near Grizzly Peak Blvd, east of Berkeley, just over 1,760 feet (540 m) above sea level at about 37°52′43″N 122°13′27″W  /  37.8786°N 122.2241°W  / 37.8786; -122.2241 . Oakland has 19 miles (31 km) of shoreline, but Radio Beach

4840-433: The club's campaigns, in 1914, was to prohibit the use of firearms on public highways because of the destruction wrought to directional signs erected by the Auto Club on roadsides. Baker said the matter had been "precipitated" by the "recent defacing of the transcontinental metal signs in the Cajon Pass , where motorists from the East will have their first glimpse of the Southern California roads which have made this part of

4928-470: The company. After beginning talks in 1930, the Los Angeles Steamship Company was taken over by Matson Navigation on January 1, 1931, but continued to operate as a subsidiary. The merger was announced on October 30, 1930, the new combined operation was in control of 31 ships sailing the Pacific. In August 1933, the California Steamship Company was formed as a subsidiary of LASSCO, to operate a coastal service between San Francisco, Los Angeles and San Diego with

5016-508: The daily service between San Pedro and San Francisco. The terminal was reachable by Pacific Electric rail from 6th & Main Station in downtown Los Angeles. Eventually there was $ 8,000,000 spent on Yale and Harvard by the time they were ready for their first journey, the job was performed by the Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company . The two ships were thereafter referred to as luxury liners on every occasion. According to their entries in Lloyd's register, this overhaul neither changed

5104-569: The east (up to 30 inches [760 mm]), with nearly all precipitation falling between November and April. Overnight lows are mild. Oakland seldom experiences warm nights with the warmest recorded night of 72 °F (22 °C) in September 1971 and an average of 64 °F (18 °C) for the annual warmest low. The coldest day of the year averages a mild 50 °F (10 °C) and has never been recorded below 36 °F (2 °C). The National Weather Service today has two official weather stations in Oakland: Oakland International Airport and

5192-479: The incorporation of California into the United States after the Mexican–American War . Camarillo claims the family was the victim of targeted racial violence . He writes in Chicanos in California , "They lost everything when squatters cut down their fruit trees, killed their cattle, destroyed their buildings, and even fenced off the roads leading to the rancho. Especially insidious were the actions of attorney Horace Carpentier , who tricked Vicente Peralta into signing

5280-405: The late 1860s and 1870s. In 1868, the Central Pacific constructed the Oakland Long Wharf at Oakland Point, the site of today's Port of Oakland . A number of horsecar and cable car lines were constructed in Oakland during the latter half of the 19th century. The first electric streetcar set out from Oakland to Berkeley in 1891, and other lines were converted and added over the course of

5368-447: The lifeboats after it became apparent that the fire could not be brought under control. None of the passengers or crew were killed or seriously injured during either the firefighting attempts or the orderly evacuation of the liner. The passengers were rescued by the freighter West Faralon, the first ship on the scene, and were transferred to the U.S. Army transport ship Thomas for passage to Los Angeles. The City of Honolulu, which

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5456-421: The major increases in the number and proportion of African Americans in the city, in 1966 only 16 of the city's 661 police officers were black. Tensions between the black community and the largely white police force were high, as expectations during the civil rights era increased to gain social justice and equality before the law. Police abuse of blacks was common. Students Huey Newton and Bobby Seale founded

5544-515: The mercy of invading forces no matter how small in number[,] Resolved that the Secretary of War be strongly urged to garrison Los Angeles with a battery of rapid-firing guns . Baker, a Republican, was elected to represent the 2nd Ward on the Los Angeles City Council in December 1896 and was re-elected in 1898, for four years altogether. In December 1898, Baker was appointed to a businessmen's committee authorized to call on "Lumbermen, Manufacturers, Packinghouses, etc." to gather funds on behalf of

5632-452: The mid-1990s, Oakland's economy began to recover as it transitioned to new types of jobs. In addition, the city participated in large development and urban renewal projects, concentrated especially in the downtown area, at the Port of Oakland , and at the Oakland International Airport . After his 1999 inauguration, Oakland Mayor Jerry Brown continued his predecessor Elihu Harris' public policy of supporting downtown housing development in

5720-509: The nearby San Andreas Fault caused severe earth movement in the San Francisco Bay Area in 1906 and 1989. San Andreas quakes induces creep (movement occurring on earthquake faults) in the Hayward fault, which runs directly through Oakland, Berkeley, San Jose and other Bay Area cities. Oakland has more than 50 distinct neighborhoods. The city's greater divisions include downtown Oakland and its greater Central Business District , Lake Merritt , East Oakland , North Oakland , West Oakland , and

5808-403: The nearby town of Alameda being made an island. In 1906, the city's population doubled with refugees made homeless after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire. In 1908, the lawyer, former miner, and newspaper owner Homer Wood (1880–1976) suggested to his friend Frank Bilger of Blake and Bilger Rock Quarry and Paving Company that he organize a gathering to establish a Rotary Club east of

5896-416: The needy. As in many other American cities during the 1980s, crack cocaine became a serious problem in Oakland. Drug dealing in general, and the dealing of crack cocaine in particular, resulted in elevated rates of violent crime, causing Oakland to consistently be listed as one of America's most crime-ridden cities. In 1980, Oakland's Black population reached its 20th-century peak at approximately 47% of

5984-414: The next day, going to San Francisco. After arriving for the last time in San Pedro from San Francisco on December 9, 1931. she departed for New York the same day to return to her owners. The United States Shipping Board announced on December 1, 1921 that the Huron (later named the City of Honolulu ) and Aeolus ( City of Los Angeles ), former German ships seized in World War I would be allocated to

6072-444: The next several years NCL engaged in the conspiratorial dissolution of Oakland's electric streetcar system. The city's expensive electric streetcar fleet was converted to cheaper diesel buses. The state Legislature created the Alameda and Contra Costa Transit District in 1955, which operates today as AC Transit , the third-largest bus-only transit system in the nation. After the war, as Oakland's shipbuilding industry declined and

6160-400: The overall city population. The 6.9 M w Loma Prieta earthquake occurred on October 17, 1989. The rupture was related to the San Andreas fault system and affected the entire San Francisco Bay Area with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX ( Violent ). Many structures in Oakland were badly damaged including the double-decker portion of Interstate 880 that collapsed. The eastern span of

6248-454: The principal dimensions of the ships by more than mere inches nor did it involve a replacement of the 3 steam turbines. The duration of the journey between San Pedro and San Francisco was 18 hours, i.e. overnight. The service was inaugurated with the departure of Yale from San Pedro at 3 p.m. on May 2, 1921, Harvard left San Pedro on August 5 for her first run. With her voyage departing San Francisco on May 24, 1923 after overhaul at Hanlon ,

6336-403: The programme as originally outlined." The reorganization took place at a meeting of the railway's principal creditors where Baker, J.M. Johnson and I.B. Newton were added to the board of directors . Mr. Baker will, from now until the debts of the concern are paid, have the actual management of the railroad as may recommend themselves to his judgment. He is a mechanical engineer, and as head of

6424-488: The railway." In 1916 he joined in a project to construct a shipbuilding and maritime repair yard at the Los Angeles Harbor , an enterprise that became the Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company . With the end of World War I , the yard was partially converted into a lumber manufacturing facility, "with its own ships to carry raw material from Graham Island, Canada ." That venture led Baker to form

6512-521: The record low temperature was 24 °F (−4 °C) on January 23, 1949. Dry, warm offshore "Diablo" winds (similar to the Santa Ana winds of Southern California) sometimes occur, especially in fall, and raise the fire danger. In 1991, such an episode allowed the catastrophic Oakland Hills fire to spread and consume many homes. Oakland, like much of Northern California, is susceptible to winter rainstorms and Atmospheric rivers . The wettest "rain year"

6600-554: The region. The city inspected warehouses and live/work spaces after a fire broke out in the Ghost Ship warehouse , killing 36 people in 2016. Oakland is the second U.S. city, after Denver , to decriminalize psilocybin mushrooms . In June 2019, the City Council passed the resolution in a unanimous vote ending the investigation and imposition of criminal penalties for use and possession of natural entheogens . In November 2019, two homeless mothers and their children moved into

6688-593: The sinking of one of the former German liners on her maiden voyage for the company, business in the booming 1920s thrived, and the company continued to add ships and services. In 1922, the City of Los Angeles, a renamed and refitted liner, was one of the largest American ships sailing in Pacific waters. The worsening economic conditions in the United States, and the burning of another ship in Hawaii, caused financial problems for

6776-439: The spread of plague. At the time of incorporation in 1852, Oakland had consisted of the territory that lay south of today's major intersection of San Pablo Avenue, Broadway, and Fourteenth Street. The city gradually annexed farmlands and settlements to the east and the north. Oakland's rise to industrial prominence, and its subsequent need for a seaport, led to the digging of a shipping and tidal channel in 1902. This resulted in

6864-649: The streets with a thin film of sand, which they carry in bags strapped to their backs," but he suggested that in Los Angeles "the sand be spread on the … streets by means of a whirling sand spray attached to a light automobile truck." Oakland, California Oakland is a city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area in the U.S. state of California . It is the county seat and most populous city in Alameda County , with

6952-440: The women. The incident received nationwide coverage. The company that owns the house later said they would sell it to a nonprofit affordable housing group. As of 2019, Oakland's per-capita homeless rate was higher than San Francisco and Berkeley. Between 2014 and 2020, Oakland strengthened its protections for tenants in order to reduce the displacement of its long-time residents. Between January 2020 and March 2022, Oakland suffered

7040-484: Was incorporated on May 4, 1852, in the wake of the state's increasing population due to the California gold rush . Oakland's territory covers what was once a mosaic of California coastal terrace prairie , oak woodland , and north coastal scrub . In the late 18th century, it became part of a large rancho grant in the colony of New Spain , and was known for its plentiful oak tree stands. Its land served as

7128-467: Was at Forest Lawn Cemetery . In July 1896 Baker was a member of a committee to plan the reorganization of the city government. And four days after the start of the Spanish–American War , he sent a telegram on behalf of the Merchants and Manufacturers Association to California Senator Stephen M. White stating: Whereas, the city of Los Angeles is totally without any defenses and absolutely at

7216-461: Was born in 1872 in Lansing, Michigan , the son of Milo Stannard Baker, and in 1875 was brought to Los Angeles with the family when he was nine years old. He had a younger brother, Milo A., and a sister, Belle. Baker's wife was Lillian T. Baker, and they had a son, Lawrence T. Baker, and two daughters, Mrs. Guy C. Boynton and Mrs. Fulton Lane. A 1913 article listed Walter J. Wallace, president of

7304-563: Was eventually scuttled by U.S. Coast Guard guns, was replaced by the President Harrison . Baker was named to the new position of chairman of the board of Los Angeles Shipbuilding and Dry Dock in 1924, as well as to the same position with Los Angeles Lumber Products Co. Earl M. Leaf became president of all the associated companies. Baker was a part of the Manufacturers' Association in Los Angeles before it merged with

7392-522: Was from July 1997 to June 1998 with 47.76 inches (1,213.1 mm) and the driest from July 2020 to June 2021 with 8.03 inches (204.0 mm). The most rainfall in one month was 15.35 inches (390 mm) in January 1911. The most rainfall in 24 hours was 4.75 inches (121 mm) on December 31, 2022. Rainfall near the bayfront is only 23 inches (580 mm), but is higher in the Oakland Hills to

7480-470: Was moved to Fremont in southern Alameda County. Also in 1916, the Fageol Motor Company chose East Oakland for their first factory, manufacturing farming tractors from 1918 to 1923. By 1920, Oakland was the home of numerous manufacturing industries, including metals , canneries, bakeries, internal combustion engines , automobiles, and shipbuilding. By 1929, when Chrysler expanded with

7568-423: Was sold for scrap in December 1932. With the first sailing of Yale on June 22, 1922 from San Pedro at 3 p.m. and arrival at 8 p.m,, San Diego was soon added to the schedule, which in the summer of 1923 consisted of 4 sailings per week between L.A. and S.F. ($ 22,50 round trip) and 2 sailings per week between L.A. and San Diego ($ 6 round-trip). Oakland was included in the route in September 1924. In October 1925

7656-469: Was soon established four miles (6.4 km) to the southwest. During World War II, the East Bay Area was home to many war-related industries. Oakland's Moore Dry Dock Company expanded its shipbuilding capabilities and built over 100 ships. Valued at $ 100 million in 1943, Oakland's canning industry was its second-most-valuable war contribution after shipbuilding. The largest canneries were in

7744-498: Was within the shares given to Antonio Maria and Vicente. The portion of the parcel that is now Oakland was called Encinar (misrendered at an early date and carried forward as "encinal") – Spanish for " oak grove " – due to the large oak forest that covered the area, which eventually led to the city's name. According to Stanford University historian Albert Camarillo, the Peralta family struggled to keep their land after

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