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16-500: Lawrance may refer to Lawrance Aero Engine Company Lawrance Garden , former name of Bagh-e-Jinnah, a garden in Lahore, Pakistan People with the given name [ edit ] Lawrance Collingwood CBE (1887–1982), English conductor, composer and record producer Lawrance Reilly (1928–2013), Scottish footballer Lawrance Thompson (1906–1973), American academic People with

32-608: A much larger company better able to mass-produce Lawrance's radial engines. The Lawrance Aero Engine Company was founded in 1917. After the end of World War I, the Lawrance engineers worked with both the Army and the Navy in developing their L-1 into a nine-cylinder radial engine, which became the 200 hp Lawrance J-1 . It was the best American air-cooled engine at the time, and passed its 50-hour test in 1922. The United States Navy

48-603: A single Whirlwind J-5C. During Lindbergh's flight, the engine ran continuously for 33.5 hours. Lindbergh's achievement greatly boosted the Whirlwind's already good reputation. Some other historic long-duration flights made in aircraft powered by the J-5 Whirlwind: Charles L. Lawrance , who developed the original Whirlwind series and became president of Wright, won the 1927 Collier Trophy for his work on air-cooled radial aircraft engines. The J-5 Whirlwind

64-603: A version of the J-1 with slightly enlarged bore and displacement. However, Lawrance decided the J-1 was large enough, and the J-2 never went into production; only two examples were built. Over the next two years, Wright gradually refined the J-1 engine, introducing the J-3, J-4, J-4A, and J-4B. The changes improved the engine's reliability, cooling, and fuel consumption, but the basic design, dimensions, and performance were unaltered. The J-4

80-546: A wide range of U.S. civil aircraft, including the earliest versions of the Fokker Trimotor and Ford Trimotor airliners. The reliability of J-5 Whirlwind engines also led aviators to use them for a number of record-setting distance and endurance flights. The most famous of these is Charles Lindbergh 's solo transatlantic flight from New York City to Paris on May 20–21, 1927, in the Spirit of St. Louis , powered by

96-401: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Lawrance Aero Engine Company Lawrance Aero Engine Company was an American aircraft engine manufacturer. Founded by engine pioneer Charles Lawrance , it designed one of the first successful air-cooled radial engines. It existed for only 5 years, being acquired by Wright Aeronautical ,

112-711: The Lawrance J-1 , a nine-cylinder air-cooled radial developed in 1921 by the Lawrance Aero Engine Company for the U.S. Navy. The Navy was very enthusiastic about air-cooled engines, which it considered better suited for naval use than liquid-cooled ones. Lawrance was a small company, though, and the Navy doubted it could produce enough engines for its needs. Despite urgings from the Navy, the major U.S. aircraft engine makers, Wright and Curtiss , were satisfied with their liquid-cooled engines and showed no interest in building air-cooled engines. Since

128-442: The 350 200 hp Whirlwind Engines available that year. The J-5 was the last of the original nine-cylinder Whirlwinds. In 1928, it was replaced by the seven-cylinder Whirlwind J-6 . Many Whirlwind engines were used in U.S. Navy aircraft, mostly in trainers, but also in some ship-based observation and fighter aircraft. As the engines were refined and their reputation for reliability grew, their use expanded to U.S. Army trainers and

144-527: The J-5 Whirlwind as the R-790, but it did not apply this designation to the older engines. All these engines had a bore of 4.5 in (11.4 cm), a stroke of 5.5 in (14.0 cm), and a displacement of 788 in (12.91 L). In a 1928 report on transcontinental aviation, the author disclosed the cost of a typical five-seat commercial aircraft as $ 12,500, of which $ 5,000 was for one of

160-536: The Navy was already a major buyer of Wright engines, it pressured Wright into purchasing Lawrance and building the J-1 itself, by informing the company that the Navy would buy no more of its existing engines or spare parts. To retain the Navy's business, Wright complied in 1923 and the Lawrance J-1 became the Wright J-1. By the time Lawrance merged with Wright, it had already developed the more powerful J-2,

176-586: The military R-790 equivalents) on display: Also on display at the San Francisco International Airport, International Terminal. Older Whirlwinds on display are harder to find. The National Museum of Naval Aviation has two J-4s, one of which is a cutaway. The New England Air Museum in Windsor Locks , Connecticut , has a Lawrance J-1 , the Whirlwind's direct predecessor. Data from Type certificate data sheet for

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192-413: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Lawrance . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lawrance&oldid=1179063851 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

208-604: The surname [ edit ] Mary Lawrance ( fl. 1794–1830), English botanical illustrator Hannah Lawrance (1795–1875), English historian and journalist Sir John Compton Lawrance (1832–1912), English judge and politician Walter Lawrance (1840–1914), Church of England priest Charles Lawrance (1882–1950), American aeronautical engineer Jody Lawrance (1930–1986), American actress Jeremy Lawrance (born 1952), English linguist and historian Jodie Lawrance , Author and actor See also [ edit ] Lawrence (disambiguation) Topics referred to by

224-669: Was built by Hispano-Suiza in France . The Whirlwind J-5 was also produced under license in Poland by several makers. Among these were Polskie Zakłady Skody , the Polish branch of Škoda Works , which built about 350 to 400 engines from 1929 to 1931, and the Polish firm Avia , which manufactured a further 300 engines from 1935 to 1938. Polish-built J-5s were used in numerous Polish aircraft, mostly in military training, observation, and liaison aircraft. Some museums which have J-5 Whirlwinds (or

240-507: Was the first engine to bear the Whirlwind name; previous engines used only the alphanumeric code. The J-5 Whirlwind, introduced in 1925, was a complete redesign of the engine with greatly improved cooling and breathing, further increasing its reliability and reducing fuel consumption. Among the visible changes was the much wider separation between the valves, for better cooling airflow, and completely enclosed, instead of exposed pushrods and rocker arms . The U.S. government later designated

256-467: Was very enthusiastic about air-cooled radials, but was concerned that Lawrance couldn't produce enough engines for its needs. The Navy suggested to Wright that it purchase the Lawrance company and build the J-1 itself. In May 1923, Lawrance was purchased by Wright Aeronautical , with the J-1 being further developed by Wright into the J-5 , J-6 , and R-795 . Wright R-790 The R-790 Whirlwind began as

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