Lawrence Brook is a tributary of the Raritan River in Middlesex County, New Jersey , in the United States.
113-419: Originally a 10-mile (16 km) stream, its course now includes man-made lakes created by dams built in the 19th and 20th centuries: Deans Pond ( South Brunswick ), Davidsons Mill Pond (South Brunswick), Farrington Lake (South Brunswick, North Brunswick and East Brunswick ), Mill Pond (Milltown), and Westons Mill Pond ( Milltown , East Brunswick, North Brunswick and New Brunswick). Its lowest section, near
226-690: A generous civil list (a fixed annual amount set by Parliament for the king's official expenditure) of £800,000, equivalent to £141,200,000 today. Walpole commanded a substantial majority in Parliament and George had little choice but to retain him or risk ministerial instability. Compton was ennobled as Lord Wilmington the following year. Walpole directed domestic policy, and after the resignation of Lord Townshend in 1730 also controlled George's foreign policy. Historians generally believe that George played an honorific role in Britain, and closely followed
339-1150: A partisan basis to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either two or three seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election. At an annual reorganization meeting held in January, the board selects from among its members a commissioner director and deputy director. As of 2024 , Middlesex County's Commissioners (with party affiliation, term-end year, and residence listed in parentheses) are: Director Ronald G. Rios (D, Carteret , 2024), Deputy Director Shanti Narra (D, North Brunswick , 2024), Claribel A. "Clary" Azcona-Barber (D, New Brunswick , 2025), Charles Kenny (D, Woodbridge Township , 2025), Leslie Koppel (D, Monroe Township , 2026), Chanelle Scott McCullum (D, Piscataway , 2024) and Charles E. Tomaro (D, Edison , 2026). Constitutional officers are: Clerk Nancy Pinkin (D, 2025, East Brunswick ), Sheriff Mildred S. Scott (D, 2025, Piscataway) and Surrogate Claribel Cortes (D, 2026; North Brunswick). As of November 2, 2021, there were
452-475: A reorganization meeting held in January after each election, the council selects a deputy mayor from among its members. As of 2024 , members of the Township Council are Mayor Charles Carley ( D , term as mayor ends December 31, 2026), Deputy Mayor Kenneth Bierman (D, 2026), Joseph J. Camarota Jr. (D, 2024), Archana "Ann" Grover (D, 2024) and Josephine "Jo" Hochman (D, 2024). South Brunswick
565-490: A social event to disprove the gossip-mongers. When the Prince of Wales applied to Parliament for an increase in his allowance, an open quarrel broke out. The King, who had a reputation for stinginess, offered a private settlement, which Frederick rejected. Parliament voted against the measure, but George reluctantly increased his son's allowance on Walpole's advice. Further friction between them followed when Frederick excluded
678-562: A total of 34,403 registered voters in South Brunswick. In the United States Presidential Election of 2020, Democrat Joseph Biden received 68.7%votes (16,351 cast), ahead of Republican candidate Donald J. Trump who received 30.1%votes (7,163 cast), and other candidates Jo Jorgensen with 139 votes and Howie Hawkins with 88 votes, among the 24,176 total ballots cast with 32,470 registered voters. In
791-678: Is Pre-K–8 elementary school in Kendall Park operating under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Metuchen . In 2016, the school was one of ten schools in New Jersey, and one of the private schools, recognized as a National Blue Ribbon School by the United States Department of Education , a recognition celebrating excellence in academics. South Brunswick has many different religions and
904-610: Is a wildlife corridor , a bird migration area and a highly sensitive body of water. Power boats, except with an electric motor, are not permitted on the brook. The Lawrence Brook, a 30-mile inland waterway (New Jersey), connects from the Raritan Bay to the lesser known end; splitting apart into two branches in South Brunswick, this is a list of important landmarks in Central New Jersey where the Lawrence Brook
1017-787: Is a diverse community. ISCJ, the Islamic Society of Central Jersey, serves the Muslim community. Chabad of South Brunswick, established in 1974, Chabad of South Brunswick, affiliated with the Chabad House at Rutgers University, has served the local Jewish community since 1978. There is also the Princeton Japanese Church ( プリンストン日本語教会 , Purinsuton Nihongo Kyōkai ) , catering to the area Japanese community, in Monmouth Junction , South Brunswick. It
1130-410: Is better than deception, "His temper was warm and impetuous, but he was good-natured and sincere. Unskilled in the royal talent of dissimulation, he always was what he appeared to be. He might offend, but he never deceived." Lord Waldegrave wrote, "I am thoroughly convinced that hereafter, when time shall have wore away those specks and blemishes which sully the brightest characters, and from which no man
1243-474: Is gone. I know I did not love my children when they were young: I hated to have them running into my room; but now I love them as well as most fathers." In 1754 Pelham died, to be succeeded by his elder brother, Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle. Hostility between France and Britain, particularly over the colonization of North America , continued. Fearing a French invasion of Hanover, George aligned himself with Prussia (ruled by his nephew, Frederick
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#17327720979011356-565: Is in the humid continental climate zone. Average Winter-time high temperatures range from 38 to 43 °F (3 to 6 °C), and the lows range from 19 to 24 °F (−7 to −4 °C) degrees with the record low being −16 °F (−27 °C). Average summer-time high temperatures range from 84 to 87 °F (29 to 31 °C), though temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) often with the record high being 105 °F (41 °C). The summertime lows range from 63 to 67 °F (17 to 19 °C) degrees. South Brunswick can receive much snow during
1469-565: Is located in the 12th Congressional District and is part of New Jersey's 16th state legislative district. For the 118th United States Congress , New Jersey's 12th congressional district is represented by Bonnie Watson Coleman ( D , Ewing Township ). New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker ( Newark , term ends 2027) and George Helmy ( Mountain Lakes , term ends 2024). For
1582-455: Is one of 42 municipalities (of the 564) statewide that use this form of government. The governing body is comprised of the Mayor and the four-member Township Council. Members of the Township Council are elected at-large to four-year terms in partisan elections on a staggered basis with two seats up for election in even-numbered years. The mayoral seat is up for election directly by the voters. At
1695-591: Is present (sometimes in larger water-body forms). South Brunswick, New Jersey South Brunswick is a township in Middlesex County , in the U.S. state of New Jersey . The township is centrally located within the Raritan Valley region and is an outer-ring suburb of New York City in the New York metropolitan area . As of the 2020 United States census , the township's population
1808-407: Is totally exempt, he will be numbered amongst those patriot kings, under whose government the people have enjoyed the greatest happiness". George may not have played a major role in history, but he was influential at times and he upheld constitutional government. Elizabeth Montagu said of him, "With him our laws and liberties were safe, he possessed in a great degree the confidence of his people and
1921-545: The 2000 United States census there were 37,734 people, 13,428 households, and 10,084 families residing in the township. The population density was 923.5 inhabitants per square mile (356.6/km ). There were 13,862 housing units at an average density of 339.3 per square mile (131.0/km ). The racial makeup of the township was 70.49% White , 7.88% African American , 0.13% Native American , 18.04% Asian , 0.04% Pacific Islander , 1.37% from other races , and 2.04% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.08% of
2034-630: The 2024-2025 session , the 16th legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the New Jersey Senate by Andrew Zwicker ( D , South Brunswick ) and in the General Assembly by Mitchelle Drulis (D, East Amwell Township ) and Roy Freiman (D, Hillsborough Township ). Middlesex County is governed by a Board of County Commissioners , whose seven members are elected at-large on
2147-678: The Act of Settlement 1701 , therefore, the English Parliament designated Anne's closest Protestant blood relations , George's grandmother Sophia and her descendants, as Anne's heirs in England and Ireland. Consequently, after his grandmother and father, George was third in line to succeed Anne in two of her three realms. He was naturalized as an English subject in 1705 by the Sophia Naturalization Act , and in 1706 he
2260-722: The Battle of Oudenarde in the vanguard of the Hanoverian cavalry; his horse and a colonel immediately beside him were killed, but George survived unharmed. The British commander, Marlborough , wrote that George "distinguished himself extremely, charging at the head of and animating by his example [the Hanoverian] troops, who played a good part in this happy victory". Between 1709 and 1713 George and Caroline had three daughters: Anne , Amelia , and Caroline . By 1714 Queen Anne's health had declined, and British Whigs , who supported
2373-555: The Battle of Plassey . George's son William commanded the King's troops in northern Germany. In 1757 Hanover was invaded and George gave his son full powers to conclude a separate peace, but by September George was furious at William's negotiated settlement , which he felt greatly favoured the French. George said his son had "ruined me and disgraced himself". William, by his own choice, resigned his military offices, and George revoked
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#17327720979012486-810: The Catholic claimant to the British throne, James Francis Edward Stuart , led by James's son , attempted and failed to depose George in the last of the Jacobite rebellions in 1745 . Prince Frederick died suddenly in 1751, before his father, and George was succeeded by Frederick's eldest son, George III . For two centuries after George II's death, historians tended to view him with disdain, concentrating on his mistresses, short temper, and boorishness. Since then, reassessment of his legacy has led scholars to conclude that he exercised more influence in foreign policy and military appointments than previously thought. George
2599-547: The Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg . In 1872, the Legislature first reduced the size of South Brunswick by creating the separate Cranbury from the southern portion of South Brunswick. In 1885, it redefined and enlarged the boundaries of Cranbury, and Plainsboro was formed in 1919. The present boundaries of South Brunswick date back to this last change. During the 20th century, South Brunswick saw extensive transformation with
2712-614: The Holy Roman Empire , and was an administrative seat for the Duchy (and later Principality) of Hanover. Shortly after the first settlement of New Brunswick in colonial New Jersey, George, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, and Elector of Hanover, of the House of Hanover (also known as the House of Brunswick ), became King George I of Great Britain (1660–1727). Alternatively, the city derived its name from King George II of Great Britain ,
2825-711: The War of Jenkins' Ear , became part of the War of the Austrian Succession when a major European dispute broke out upon the death of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI in 1740. At issue was the right of Charles's daughter, Maria Theresa , to succeed to his Austrian dominions. George spent the summers of 1740 and 1741 in Hanover, where he was more able to intervene directly in European diplomatic affairs in his capacity as elector. Prince Frederick campaigned actively for
2938-454: The 18,275 ballots cast by the township's 24,803 registered voters, for a turnout of 73.7%. In the 2021 gubernatorial election, Democrat Philip Murphy received 64.8% of the vote (8,541 votes), ahead of Republican Jack Ciattarelli with 34.3% (4,526 votes), and other candidates with 0.9% (122 votes), among the 13,332 votes cast by the township's 34,403 registered voters. In the 2017 gubernatorial election, Democrat Philip Murphy received 63.6%% of
3051-415: The 9,576 ballots cast by the township's 26,340 registered voters (85 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 36.4%. In the 2009 gubernatorial election , Republican Chris Christie received 47.3% of the vote (5,355 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 44.1% (4,991 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 6.7% (758 votes) and other candidates with 0.8% (90 votes), among the 11,311 ballots cast by
3164-561: The British throne. George married Princess Caroline of Ansbach , with whom he had eight children. After the deaths of George's grandmother and Anne, Queen of Great Britain , George's father, the Elector of Hanover , ascended the British throne as George I in 1714. In the first years of his father's reign as king, Prince George was associated with opposition politicians until they rejoined the governing party. As king from 1727, George exercised little control over British domestic policy, which
3277-525: The Duke at the christening, which the Duke misunderstood as a challenge to a duel. George and Caroline were temporarily confined to their apartments on the order of the King, who subsequently banished his son from St James's Palace , the King's residence. The Prince and Princess of Wales left court, but their children remained in the care of the King. George and Caroline missed their children, and were desperate to see them. On one occasion, they secretly visited
3390-606: The Elder as Secretary of State for the Southern Department . In April the following year George dismissed Pitt in an attempt to construct an administration more to his liking. Over the succeeding three months attempts to form another stable ministerial combination failed. In June Lord Waldegrave held the seals of office for only four days. By the start of July, Pitt was recalled and Newcastle returned as prime minister. As Secretary of State, Pitt guided policy relating to
3503-546: The Elder in the Cabinet, which would have broadened the government's support base. The King disliked Pitt because he had previously opposed government policy and attacked measures seen as pro-Hanoverian. In February 1746, Pelham and his followers resigned. George asked Lord Bath and Carteret to form an administration , but after less than 48 hours they returned the seals of office, unable to secure sufficient parliamentary support. Pelham returned to office triumphant, and George
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3616-489: The French reneged on a promise of help. Losing morale, the Jacobites retreated back into Scotland. On 16/27 April 1746, Charles faced George's military-minded son Prince William, Duke of Cumberland, in the Battle of Culloden , the last pitched battle fought on British soil. The ravaged Jacobite troops were routed by the government army. Charles escaped to France, but many of his supporters were caught and executed. Jacobitism
3729-575: The Great ), Austria's enemy. Russia and France allied with Austria, their former enemy. A French invasion of the British-held island of Minorca led to the outbreak of the Seven Years' War in 1756. Public disquiet over British failures at the start of the conflict led to Newcastle's resignation and the appointment of William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire , as prime minister and William Pitt
3842-553: The Hanoverian succession, thought it prudent for one of the Hanoverians to live in England to safeguard the Protestant succession on Anne's death. As George was a peer of the realm (as Duke of Cambridge), it was suggested that he be summoned to Parliament to sit in the House of Lords . Both Anne and George's father refused to support the plan, although George, Caroline, and Sophia were all in favour. George did not go. Within
3955-513: The Holy Roman Empire". When George became Prince of Wales in 1714, he was granted the royal arms with an inescutcheon of gules plain in the Hanoverian quarter differenced overall by a label of three points argent . The crest included the single arched coronet of his rank. As king, he used the royal arms as used by his father undifferenced. Caroline's ten or eleven pregnancies resulted in eight live births. One of
4068-456: The King and Queen from the birth of his daughter in July 1737 by bundling his wife, who was in labour, into a coach and driving off in the middle of the night. George banished him and his family from the royal court, much as his own father had done to him, except that he allowed Frederick to retain custody of his children. Soon afterwards, George's wife Caroline died on 20 November 1737 (O.S.). He
4181-861: The New York division of the Pennsylvania Railroad , the Rocky Hill and the Jamesburg and Freehold Railroad . The Lawrence Brook , a tributary of the Raritan River , flows through the center of the township. The area also lies within the Manalapan Brook watershed in the eastern portion of the township and the Millstone River watershed in the western portion of the township, which are both also subwatersheds within
4294-664: The Old Pretender's son, Charles Edward Stuart , popularly known as Bonnie Prince Charlie or the Young Pretender, landed in Scotland, where support for his cause was highest. George, who was summering in Hanover, returned to London at the end of August. The Jacobites defeated British forces in September at the Battle of Prestonpans , and then moved south into England. The Jacobites failed to gain further support, and
4407-1000: The Raritan Basin. Pigeon Swamp State Park is a New Jersey state park located on Deans Rhode Hall Road ( Middlesex CR 610 ). The park has 1,078 acres (4.36 km ) of undeveloped land. The Pigeon Swamp Ledger is a 1780 document that is an accounting log of South Brunswick landowners regarding the draining of the Pigeon Swamp. This was made possible by a New Jersey Act of Legislature . The township borders Cranbury , East Brunswick , Monroe Township , North Brunswick and Plainsboro in Middlesex County; Princeton in Mercer County ; and Franklin Township in Somerset County . South Brunswick
4520-559: The Raritan River, is tidal; it hosts marine wildlife and is regarded as a coastal area. Its drainage basin , the Lawrence Brook watershed, is a 40-square-mile (100 km) area, identified by the USGS code HUC 02030105130 . At the stretch at Weston's Mill Pond, Lawrence Brook crosses Rutgers University 's Cook Campus, along the vegetable research farm, the equine research farm, Rutgers Gardens , and Helyar forest. Lawrence Brook
4633-550: The Realm", to govern in his father's absence. He made a royal progress through Chichester , Havant , Portsmouth , and Guildford in southern England. Spectators were allowed to see him dine in public at Hampton Court Palace . An attempt on his life at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane , in which one person was shot dead before the assailant was brought under control, boosted his high public profile. The King distrusted or
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4746-583: The South Brunswick and Franklin Township Councils, reports to the Township Council on matters of concern to residents of Kingston . Kingston has been designated as a Village Center by the New Jersey State Planning Commission and is overseen by an advisory commission that consists of seven members from Franklin Township and South Brunswick. Monmouth Junction was created as the junction of three rail branches,
4859-422: The United States Presidential Election of 2016, Democrat Hillary Clinton received 65.3% votes (12,827 cast), ahead of Republican candidate Donald J. Trump who received 31.5% votes (6,197 cast), and other candidates Gary Johnson with 372 votes and Jill Stein with 197 votes, among the 20,021 total ballots cast with 29,447 registered voters. In the 2012 presidential election , Democrat Barack Obama received 64.3% of
4972-740: The advice of Walpole and senior ministers, who made the major decisions. Although the King was eager for war in Europe, his ministers were more cautious. A truce was agreed in the Anglo-Spanish War , and George unsuccessfully pressed Walpole to join the War of the Polish Succession on the side of the German states. In April 1733 Walpole withdrew the unpopular Excise Bill that had attracted strong opposition, including from within his own party. George lent Walpole support by dismissing
5085-423: The age of 18 living with them, 63.8% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.9% were non-families. 19.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.80 and the average family size was 3.27. In the township, the population was spread out, with 28.4% under
5198-463: The age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 36.7% from 25 to 44, 21.8% from 45 to 64, and 7.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males. The median income for a household in the township was $ 78,737, and the median income for a family was $ 86,891. Males had a median income of $ 61,637 versus $ 41,554 for females. The per capita income for
5311-514: The age of 43. George II decided not to travel to Germany for his father's funeral, which far from bringing criticism led to praise from the English who considered it proof of his fondness for England. He suppressed his father's will because it attempted to split the Hanoverian succession between George II's future grandsons rather than vest all the domains (both British and Hanoverian) in a single person. Both British and Hanoverian ministers considered
5424-503: The bill's opponents from their court offices . George II's relationship with his son Frederick, Prince of Wales , worsened during the 1730s. Frederick had been left behind in Germany when his parents came to England, and they had not met for 14 years. In 1728, he was brought to England, and swiftly became a figurehead of the political opposition. When George visited Hanover in the summers of 1729, 1732 and 1735, he left his wife to chair
5537-465: The concessions demanded by the other, and the idea was shelved. Instead, the prince married Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha in April 1736. In May 1736, George returned to Hanover, which resulted in unpopularity in England; a satirical notice was even pinned to the gates of St James's Palace decrying his absence. "Lost or strayed out of this house", it read, "a man who has left a wife and six children on
5650-548: The eastern edge of the Township. One effect of the Turnpike opening up Interchange 8A (just outside the township) was transforming the agricultural area on the southeast corner of South Brunswick into a burgeoning industrial development. Significant portions of land between Route 130 and the turnpike consist primarily of warehouses. In 1980, the township's population approached 18,000. In 1990, this figure reached 25,792; by 2020, South Brunswick had over 47,000 residents. Much of
5763-710: The economic disaster of the South Sea Bubble allowed Walpole to rise to the pinnacle of government. Walpole and his Whig Party were dominant in politics, as the King feared that the Tories would not support the succession laid down in the Act of Settlement . The power of the Whigs was so great that the Tories would not hold power for another half-century. George I died on 11/22 June 1727 during one of his visits to Hanover, and his son succeeded him as king and elector at
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#17327720979015876-508: The electorate. The British army had not fought in a major European war in over 20 years, and the government had badly neglected its upkeep. George had pushed for greater professionalism in the ranks, and promotion by merit rather than by sale of commissions , but without much success. An allied force of Austrian, British, Dutch, Hanoverian and Hessian troops engaged the French at the Battle of Dettingen on 16/27 June 1743. George personally accompanied them, leading them to victory, thus becoming
5989-735: The first tavern here for travelers between New York City and Philadelphia . The current Kingston Mill , also known as the Kingston Gristmill , was built in 1888, the third one at this site. In 1755, Jacob Skilman built a gristmill and sawmill here on the Millstone River , located along the historic King's Highway . It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 10, 1986 for its significance in engineering, exploration/settlement, industry, and transportation. The district includes 16 contributing buildings and 2 contributing structures . As of May 2010 ,
6102-409: The first university in the Electorate of Hanover , and visited it in 1748. The asteroid 359 Georgia was named in his honour at the university in 1902. He served as the Chancellor of the University of Dublin between 1716 and 1727; and in 1754 issued the charter for King's College in New York City, which later became Columbia University . The province of Georgia , founded by royal charter in 1732,
6215-430: The former ward of his aunt Queen Sophia Charlotte of Prussia . The English envoy to Hanover, Edmund Poley, reported that George was so taken by "the good character he had of her that he would not think of anybody else". A marriage contract was concluded by the end of July. On 22 August / 2 September 1705 Caroline arrived in Hanover for her wedding, which was held the same evening in the chapel at Herrenhausen . George
6328-403: The guardianship, he established a regency council. In 1720, Walpole encouraged the King and his son to reconcile, for the sake of public unity, which they did half-heartedly. Walpole and Townshend returned to political office, and rejoined the ministry. George was soon disillusioned with the terms of the reconciliation; his three daughters who were in the care of the King were not returned and he
6441-451: The impact of changes in transportation technology. The New Brunswick and Trenton Fast Line began operation in 1900, a trolley line running parallel to the Old Straight Turnpike of 1804 ( Route 1 ), intersecting George's Road just north of the Five Corners intersection in Dayton. This trolley provided daily passenger and freight service, stopping at a local crossroads. The New Jersey Turnpike opened in 1951, again roughly parallel to Route 1, on
6554-552: The language of diplomacy and the court, until the age of four, after which he was taught German by one of his tutors, Johann Hilmar Holstein. In addition to French and German, he also learned English and Italian, and studied genealogy, military history, and battle tactics with particular diligence. George's second cousin once removed , Queen Anne , ascended the thrones of England , Scotland , and Ireland in 1702. Though she had had seventeen pregnancies, of which five resulted in live births, her only surviving child died in 1700. By
6667-481: The last British monarch to lead troops into battle. Though his actions in the battle were admired, the war became unpopular with the British public, who felt that the King and Carteret were subordinating British interests to Hanoverian ones. Carteret lost support, and to George's dismay resigned in 1744. Tension grew between the Pelham ministry and George, as he continued to take advice from Carteret and rejected pressure from his other ministers to include William Pitt
6780-508: The next several years with opposition to George I's policies, which included measures designed to increase religious freedom in Great Britain and expand Hanover's German territories at the expense of Sweden. His new London residence, Leicester House , became a frequent meeting place for his father's political opponents, including Sir Robert Walpole and Lord Townshend , who had left the government in 1717. The King visited Hanover again from May to November 1719. Instead of appointing George to
6893-416: The nineteenth and first part of the twentieth century relied on these biased accounts. Since the last quarter of the twentieth century, scholarly analysis of surviving correspondence has indicated that George was not as ineffective as previously thought. Letters from ministers are annotated by George with pertinent remarks and demonstrate that he had a grasp of and interest in foreign policy in particular. He
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#17327720979017006-438: The northeastern United States. Hurricanes and tropical storms (such as Hurricane Irene in 2011), tornadoes, and earthquakes are rare. The 2020 United States census counted 47,043 people in the township, which was a gain of 8.4% from the 2010 census. The racial makeup was 48.1% Asian, 35.5% white, 7.6% Black, 7.5%, and 5.5% reported two or more races. 7.5% of respondents reported Latino ethnicity. There were 16,647 households in
7119-496: The old Native American trail and major thoroughfare of earlier centuries, was begun in 1957. Kingston's location on the Lenape Assunpink Trail where it crossed the Millstone River was the prime factor in its early prominence. Kingston was by far the most active and important community, being situated on both the heavily traveled King's Road and Millstone River, combining commercial activities of both mills and taverns. The Kingston Village Advisory Committee , jointly appointed by
7232-430: The opportunity of meeting his bride before any formal arrangements were made. Negotiations from 1702 for the hand of Princess Hedvig Sophia of Sweden , Dowager Duchess and regent of Holstein-Gottorp , came to nothing. In June 1705, under the false name "Monsieur de Busch", George visited the Ansbach court at its summer residence in Triesdorf to investigate incognito a marriage prospect: Princess Caroline of Ansbach ,
7345-409: The opposition but Pelham's party won easily. Like his father before him, Frederick entertained opposition figures at his house in Leicester Square . When Frederick died unexpectedly in 1751, his eldest son, Prince George , became heir apparent. The King commiserated with Frederick's widow, Augusta, and wept with her. As her son would not reach the age of majority until 1756, a new British Regency Act
7458-424: The opposition in the 1741 British general election , and Walpole was unable to secure a stable majority. Walpole attempted to buy off the prince with the promise of an increased allowance and offered to pay off his debts, but Frederick refused. With his support eroded, Walpole retired in 1742 after over 20 years in office. He was replaced by Spencer Compton, Lord Wilmington , whom George had originally considered for
7571-414: The palace without the approval of the King; Caroline fainted and George "cried like a child". The King partially relented and permitted them to visit once a week, though he later allowed Caroline unconditional access. In February 1718, Prince George William died aged only three months, with his father by his side. Banned from the palace and shunned by his own father, the Prince of Wales was identified for
7684-422: The parish ." The King made plans to return in the face of inclement December weather; when his ship was caught in a storm, gossip swept London that he had drowned. Eventually, in January 1737, he arrived back in England. Immediately, he fell ill with a fever and piles , and withdrew to his bed. The Prince of Wales put it about that the King was dying, with the result that George insisted on getting up and attending
7797-411: The peace deal on the grounds that the French had infringed it by disarming Hessian troops after the ceasefire. In the Annus Mirabilis of 1759 British forces captured Quebec and captured Guadeloupe , defeated a French plan to invade Britain following naval battles at Lagos and Quiberon Bay , and halted a resumed French advance on Hanover at the Battle of Minden . By October 1760 George II
7910-431: The population were under the age of 18, 6.4% from 18 to 24, 27.7% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38.6 years. For every 100 females, the population had 93.9 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 90.4 males. The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income
8023-488: The population. As of the 2000 census, 10.48% of South Brunswick's residents identified themselves as being of Indian American ancestry, which was the seventh-highest of any municipality in the United States and the fourth highest in New Jersey – behind Edison (17.75%), Plainsboro Township (16.97%) and Piscataway Township (12.49%) – of all places with 1,000 or more residents identifying their ancestry. There were 13,428 households, out of which 43.0% had children under
8136-418: The population. Of the 15,069 households, 44.3% had children under the age of 18; 66.1% were married couples living together; 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present and 22.4% were non-families. Of all households, 18.8% were made up of individuals and 6.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.88 and the average family size was 3.33. 27.7% of
8249-705: The premiership in 1727. Wilmington, however, was a figurehead; actual power was held by others, such as Lord Carteret , George's favourite minister after Walpole. When Wilmington died in 1743, Henry Pelham took his place at the head of the government. The pro-war faction was led by Carteret, who claimed that French power would increase if Maria Theresa failed to succeed to the Austrian throne. George agreed to send 12,000 hired Hessian and Danish mercenaries to Europe, ostensibly to support Maria Theresa. Without conferring with his British ministers, George stationed them in Hanover to prevent enemy French troops from marching into
8362-621: The regency council in Britain rather than his son. Meanwhile, rivalry between George II and his brother-in-law and first cousin Frederick William I of Prussia led to tension along the Prussian–Hanoverian border, which eventually culminated in the mobilization of troops in the border zone and suggestions of a duel between the two kings. Negotiations for a marriage between the Prince of Wales and Frederick William's daughter Wilhelmine dragged on for years but neither side would make
8475-576: The reign of Queen Anne, and had been one of Caroline's women of the bedchamber . She was his mistress from before the accession of George I until November 1734. She was followed by Amalie von Wallmoden , later Countess of Yarmouth, whose son, Johann Ludwig von Wallmoden , may have been fathered by George. Johann Ludwig was born while Amalie was still married to her husband, and George did not acknowledge him publicly as his own son. Against Walpole's wishes, but to George's delight, Britain reopened hostilities with Spain in 1739. Britain's conflict with Spain,
8588-619: The respect of foreign governments; and a certain steadiness of character made him of great consequence in these unsettled times ... His character would not afford subject for epic poetry, but will look well in the sober page of history." In Britain: George II's full style was "George the Second, by the Grace of God, King of Great Britain, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Archtreasurer and Prince-Elector of
8701-550: The sides of his and his wife's coffins to be removed so that their remains could mingle. George donated the royal library to the British Museum in 1757, four years after the museum's foundation. He had no interest in reading, or in the arts and sciences, and preferred to spend his leisure hours stag-hunting on horseback or playing cards. In 1737, he founded the Georg August University of Göttingen ,
8814-1116: The subsequent decade. As of the 2021–22 school year, the district, comprised of 10 schools, had an enrollment of 8,071 students and 676.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.9:1. Schools in the district (with 2021-22 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics ) are Brooks Crossing Elementary School with 564 students in grades K-5, Brunswick Acres Elementary School with 449 students in grades K-5, Cambridge Elementary School with 458 students in grades PreK-5, Constable Elementary School with 494 students in grades K-5, Greenbrook Elementary School with 338 students in grades K-5, Indian Fields Elementary School with 560 students in grades K-5, Monmouth Junction Elementary School with 323 students in grades PreK-5, Crossroads Middle School North with 894 students in grades 6–8, Crossroads Middle School South with 1,016 students in grades 6-8 and South Brunswick High School with 2,863 students in grades 9–12. St. Augustine of Canterbury School
8927-705: The township had a total of 192.83 miles (310.33 km) of roadways, of which 151.43 miles (243.70 km) were maintained by the municipality, 21.09 miles (33.94 km) by Middlesex County and 16.75 miles (26.96 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and 3.56 miles (5.73 km) by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority . George II of Great Britain George II (George Augustus; German : Georg August ; 30 October / 9 November 1683 – 25 October 1760)
9040-540: The township have been taken to form Cranbury (as of March 7, 1872) and Plainsboro (on April 1, 1919). Niche.com placed Monmouth Junction in the top 10 of its "2021 Best Places to Live in New Jersey". In 2021, SafeWise placed South Brunswick in the "100 Safest Cities in America". South Brunswick Township was incorporated by the New Jersey Legislature Act on February 21, 1798. The community
9153-509: The township include: Cottageville , Deans , Franklin Park , Fresh Ponds , Little Rocky Hill , Sand Hills , South Brunswick Terrace and Ten Mile Run. Because the township is served by several different zip codes, Dayton, Monmouth Junction, Kendall Park, Kingston, Jamesburg, Cranbury, Princeton and even North Brunswick are often used in place of the township's name, even when referring to areas located beyond their defined boundaries. Dayton
9266-609: The township was $ 32,104. About 2.1% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.9% of those under age 18 and 4.5% of those age 65 or over. Major employers in the township include: South Brunswick operates within the Faulkner Act , formally known as the Optional Municipal Charter Law, under the Council-Manager form of municipal government. The township
9379-416: The township's 23,974 registered voters, yielding a 47.2% turnout. The South Brunswick Public Schools serves students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade . The district has grown substantially in recent decades, with district enrollment more than doubling in the two decades from 1991 and high school enrollment doubling to nearly 2,000 in the decade prior to 2001, and increasing by another 1,000 in
9492-833: The township's 42 square miles (110 km ) remain undeveloped and there are still significant amounts of wetlands, woodlands, and open space within the community. According to the United States Census Bureau , the township had a total area of 41.02 square miles (106.23 km ), including 40.61 square miles (105.19 km ) of land and 0.40 square miles (1.04 km ) of water (0.98%). Dayton (2020 Census population of 8,138 ), Heathcote (7,154 ), Kendall Park (9,989 ), Kingston (1,581 ) and Monmouth Junction (8,895 ) are unincorporated communities and census-designated places (CDPs) located within South Brunswick. Other unincorporated communities, localities and place names located partially or completely within
9605-589: The township. The 2010 United States census counted 43,417 people, 15,069 households, and 11,694 families in the township. The population density was 1,068.1 per square mile (412.4/km ). There were 15,708 housing units at an average density of 386.4 per square mile (149.2/km ). The racial makeup was 52.08% (22,611) White , 7.71% (3,348) Black or African American , 0.17% (72) Native American , 35.91% (15,592) Asian , 0.02% (8) Pacific Islander , 1.52% (658) from other races , and 2.60% (1,128) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.04% (2,624) of
9718-466: The vote (11,583 cast), ahead of Republican Mitt Romney with 34.6% (6,233 votes), and other candidates with 1.1% (194 votes), among the 18,141 ballots cast by the township's 25,947 registered voters (131 ballots were spoiled ), for a turnout of 69.9%. In the 2008 presidential election , Democrat Barack Obama received 62.7% of the vote (11,452 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 35.7% (6,530 votes) and other candidates with 1.0% (176 votes), among
9831-417: The vote (6,957 votes), ahead of Republican Kim Guadagno with 34.4% (3,757 votes), and other candidates with 2.0% (218 votes), among the 11,073 votes cast by the township's 28,647 registered voters. In the 2013 gubernatorial election , Republican Chris Christie received 59.1% of the vote (5,608 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 39.6% (3,755 votes), and other candidates with 1.3% (128 votes), among
9944-410: The war. Great Britain, Hanover, and Prussia and their allies Hesse-Kassel and Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel fought against other European powers, including France, Austria, Russia, Sweden and Saxony . The war involved multiple theatres from Europe to North America and India, where British dominance increased with the victories of Robert Clive over French forces and their allies at the Battle of Arcot and
10057-862: The will unlawful, as George I did not have the legal power to determine the succession personally. Critics supposed that George II hid the will to avoid paying out his father's legacies. George II was crowned at Westminster Abbey on 11/22 October 1727. George Frideric Handel was commissioned to write four new anthems for the coronation, including Zadok the Priest . It was widely believed that George would dismiss Walpole, who had distressed him by joining his father's government, and replace him with Sir Spencer Compton . George asked Compton, rather than Walpole, to write his first speech as king, but Compton asked Walpole to draft it. Caroline advised George to retain Walpole, who continued to gain royal favour by securing
10170-422: The winter months, sometimes up to 3 feet (0.91 m). About 4 to 5 inches (10 to 13 cm) of rain falls every month and is evenly spread throughout the year, though the area can go through long periods of drought or long-lasting periods with little to no rain. During winter and early spring, South Brunswick can in some years experience " nor'easters ", which are capable of causing blizzards or flooding throughout
10283-534: The year both Sophia and Anne were dead, and George's father was king. George and his father sailed for England from The Hague on 16/27 September 1714 and arrived at Greenwich two days later. The following day, they formally entered London in a ceremonial procession. George was given the title of Prince of Wales . Caroline followed her husband to Britain in October with their daughters, while Frederick remained in Hanover to be brought up by private tutors. London
10396-499: Was King of Great Britain and Ireland , Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg ( Hanover ) and a prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 ( O.S. ) until his death in 1760. Born and brought up in northern Germany , George is the most recent British monarch born outside Great Britain. The Act of Settlement 1701 and the Acts of Union 1707 positioned his grandmother Sophia of Hanover and her Protestant descendants to inherit
10509-421: Was $ 100,950 (with a margin of error of +/− $ 2,777) and the median family income was $ 116,127 (+/− $ 5,529). Males had a median income of $ 81,297 (+/− $ 2,632) versus $ 55,477 (+/− $ 3,835) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $ 40,468 (+/− $ 1,430). About 2.1% of families and 3.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 3.4% of those under age 18 and 5.6% of those age 65 or over. As of
10622-552: Was 47,043, its highest ever decennial census count and an increase of 3,626 (+8.4%) from the 2010 census count of 43,417, which in turn reflected an increase of 5,683 (+15.1%) from the 37,734 counted in the 2000 census . South Brunswick was first mentioned in minutes of the Board of Chosen Freeholders on February 28, 1778, as being formed from New Brunswick Township . It was formally incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial group of 104 townships on February 21, 1798. Portions of
10735-553: Was all but crushed; no further serious attempt was made at restoring the House of Stuart . The War of the Austrian Succession continued until 1748, when Maria Theresa was recognized as Archduchess of Austria. The peace was celebrated by a fête in Green Park, London , for which Handel composed Music for the Royal Fireworks . In the general election of 1747 , Frederick, Prince of Wales , again campaigned actively for
10848-436: Was blind in one eye and hard of hearing . On the morning of 25 October he rose as usual at 6:00 am, drank a cup of hot chocolate, and went to his close stool alone. After a few minutes, his valet heard a loud crash and entered the room to find the King on the floor; his physician, Frank Nicholls , recorded that he "appeared to have just come from his necessary-stool, and as if going to open his escritoire ". The King
10961-522: Was born in the city of Hanover in Germany, followed by his sister, Sophia Dorothea , three years later. Their parents, George Louis, Hereditary Prince of Brunswick-Lüneburg (later King George I of Great Britain ), and Sophia Dorothea of Celle , both committed adultery. In 1694 the marriage was dissolved on the pretext that Sophia Dorothea had abandoned her husband. She was confined to Ahlden House and denied access to her two children, who probably never saw their mother again. George spoke only French,
11074-522: Was deeply affected by her death, and to the surprise of many displayed "a tenderness of which the world thought him before utterly incapable". On her deathbed she told her sobbing husband to remarry, to which he replied, "Non, j'aurai des maîtresses!" (French for "No, I shall have mistresses!"). It was common knowledge that George had already had mistresses during his marriage, and he had kept Caroline informed about them. Henrietta Howard , later Countess of Suffolk, had moved to Hanover with her husband during
11187-401: Was established in October 1991, and in 1993 had 20–25 attendees per Sunday church worship. The Kingston Mill Historic District is a 49-acre (20 ha) historic district encompassing the community of Kingston, New Jersey (which is bounded by South Brunswick in Middlesex County , Princeton in Mercer County , and Franklin Township in Somerset County ). In 1683, Henry Greenland built
11300-481: Was first known simply as The Cross Roads, where James Whitlock built a tavern on Georges Road around 1750. Early enterprises included a brick manufacturer and a large nursery. In 1866, the name was changed from Cross Roads to Dayton, in honor of William L. Dayton , an attorney for the Freehold and Jamesburg Agricultural Railroad . Dayton had helped settle disputes arising from the location of a railroad right-of-way. He
11413-484: Was forced to appoint Pitt to the ministry. George's French opponents encouraged rebellion by the Jacobites , the supporters of the Roman Catholic claimant to the British throne, James Francis Edward Stuart , often known as the Old Pretender. Stuart was the son of James II , who had been deposed in 1688 and replaced by his Protestant relations. Two prior rebellions in 1715 and 1719 had failed. In July 1745,
11526-525: Was jealous of George's popularity, which contributed to the development of a poor relationship between them. The birth in 1717 of George's second son, George William , proved to be a catalyst for a family quarrel; the King, supposedly following custom, appointed Lord Chamberlain Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle , as one of the baptismal sponsors of the child. The King was angered when George, who disliked Newcastle, verbally insulted
11639-504: Was keen to participate in the war against France in Flanders , but his father refused to let him join the army in an active role until he had a son and heir. In early 1707 George's hopes were fulfilled when Caroline gave birth to a son, Frederick . In July Caroline fell seriously ill with smallpox , and George caught the infection after staying by her side devotedly during her illness. They both recovered. In 1708 George participated in
11752-516: Was largely controlled by the Parliament of Great Britain . As elector he spent twelve summers in Hanover, where he had more direct control over government policy. He had a difficult relationship with his eldest son, Frederick , who supported the parliamentary opposition. During the War of the Austrian Succession , George participated at the Battle of Dettingen , and thus became the most recent British monarch to lead an army in battle. Supporters of
11865-442: Was later a United States Senator , was the first Republican nominee for Vice President (in 1856), and Minister to France. Deans originated from its location on both Crosswicknung Trail (Georges Road) and Lawrence Brook. Dams were built on the brook, creating Deans Pond. With increased mobility and a growing population, the suburban-style residential development was born after World War II . Kendall Park, located off Route 27 ,
11978-472: Was lifted into his bed, and Princess Amelia was sent for; before she reached him, he was dead. At the age of nearly 77 he had lived longer than any of his English or British predecessors. A post-mortem revealed that George had died as the result of a thoracic aortic dissection . He was succeeded by his grandson George III, and buried on 11 November in Westminster Abbey. He left instructions for
12091-422: Was like nothing George had seen before; it was 50 times larger than Hanover, and the crowd was estimated at up to one and a half million spectators. George courted popularity with voluble expressions of praise for the English, and claimed that he had no drop of blood that was not English. In July 1716, the King returned to Hanover for six months, and George was given limited powers, as "Guardian and Lieutenant of
12204-675: Was made a Knight of the Garter and created Duke and Marquess of Cambridge , Earl of Milford Haven, Viscount Northallerton, and Baron Tewkesbury in the Peerage of England . England and Scotland united in 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain , and jointly accepted the succession as laid down by the English Act of Settlement. George's father did not want his son to enter into a loveless arranged marriage as he had and wanted him to have
12317-445: Was named after him. During George II's reign British interests expanded throughout the world, the Jacobite challenge to the Hanoverian dynasty was extinguished, and the power of ministers and Parliament in Britain became well-established. Nevertheless, in the memoirs of contemporaries such as Lord Hervey and Horace Walpole , George is depicted as a weak buffoon, governed by his wife and ministers. Biographies of George written during
12430-482: Was often able to prevent the appointment of ministers or commanders he disliked, or sideline them into lesser offices. This academic reassessment, however, has not completely eliminated the popular perception of George II as a "faintly ludicrous king". His parsimony, for example, may have opened him to ridicule, though his biographers observe that parsimony is preferable to extravagance. Lord Charlemont excused George's short temper by explaining that sincerity of feeling
12543-410: Was passed that would make her regent, assisted by a council led by Frederick's brother William in case of George II's death. The King also made a new will, which provided for William to be sole regent in Hanover. After the death of his daughter Louisa at the end of the year, George lamented, "This has been a fatal year for my family. I lost my eldest son – but I am glad of it ... Now [Louisa]
12656-586: Was primarily agricultural in the 18th and 19th centuries. The Straight Turnpike, now Route 1 , was constructed in 1804. The township got its name from New Brunswick, which in turn was named after the city of Braunschweig (called Brunswick in the Low German language), in the state of Lower Saxony , in Germany . Braunschweig was an influential and powerful city in the Hanseatic League , later in
12769-428: Was still barred from becoming regent during the King's absences. He came to believe that Walpole had tricked him into the rapprochement as part of a scheme to regain power. Over the next few years, he and Caroline lived quietly, avoiding overt political activity. They had three more children: William , Mary , and Louisa , who were brought up at Leicester House and Richmond Lodge , George's summer residence. In 1721,
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