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45-614: La Merced Church, Antigua Guatemala La Merced Church, Burgos Convento de la Merced in Valdunquillo La Merced Cloister in Mexico City See also [ edit ] es:Iglesia de la Merced Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title La Merced Church . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

90-473: A companion of Pedro de Alvarado . In 1684, a council led by Enrique Enriquez de Guzmán , then governor of Guatemala, decided upon the reduction of San Mateo Ixtatán and nearby Santa Eulalia, both within the colonial administrative district of the Corregimiento of Huehuetenango. On 2 February 1838, Huehuetenango joined with Quetzaltenango, El Quiché, Retalhuleu , San Marcos and Totonicapán to form

135-557: A different way of getting to know Antigua Guatemala”. The Church of Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes is one of the stages of the Brother Pedro Commemorative Tourist Route, which allows a tour of the sights of La Antigua Guatemala through the life and work of Brother Pedro.35 This route includes -among others- visits to Pedro Armengol 's looms, the monument to Brother Pedro and the Arch del Matasanos,

180-562: A relatively low indigenous population. In the rest of the department, the Maya groups make up the majority of the population as much in the towns as the countryside. Huehuetenango has the greatest number of Mam Maya in Guatemala, although there are also Mam speakers in the departments of Quetzaltenango and San Marcos, and in the Mexican state of Chiapas. In 2008, 58% of the population of

225-643: Is bordered on the north and west by Mexico . On the east side it is bordered by the department of El Quiché and on the south by the departments of Totonicapán , Quetzaltenango and San Marcos . The department encompasses almost the entire length of the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes mountain range, although there is a wide difference in altitude across the department, from heights of 3,352 metres (10,997 ft) above mean sea level to as low as 300 metres (980 ft) above sea level, encompassing an equally wide variation in local climate, ranging from mountain peaks where

270-626: The Bourbon reforms undertaken by the Spanish crown in the second half of the 18th century— forcing the regular orders to move from their majestic convents to fragile temporary structures in the new city. After the forced transfer of the Mercedarian Jesus Nazareno in 1778 to Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción (Guatemala City) so that the residents of that neighborhood would move to the new capital along with their venerated image,

315-626: The Lacuntún River , a tributary of the Usumacinta. The Nentón River is formed in the municipality of San Sebastián Coatán by the joining of the rivers Nupxuptenam and Jajaniguán. It flows westwards across the border into Mexico where it empties into the Presa de la Angostura reservoir . The Selegua River has its source in the Sierra de los Cuchumatanes and flows northwards, crossing

360-590: The 17th and 18th centuries, namely during the Spanish Colonial period, the main industries were mining and livestock production, which was run by Spaniards . In modern times agriculture is the most important industry, although mining continues on a small scale and handicraft production also contributes to the local economy. Maize is cultivated across the whole department, without being limited by local climatic differences. The primary highland crops are wheat , potatoes , barley , alfalfa and beans . On

405-629: The 18th century; At twenty-seven meters in diameter, it is one of the largest colonial fountains in Latin America . The fountain is shaped like a water lily, a very common flower in the Guatemalan lowlands, especially in lakes and lagoons. In the symbolism of the ancient Mayan peoples, it is associated with creation: a god created a water lily from which the rest of the gods came. Friar Marcos Dardón arrived in Central America with

450-864: The Hospital Real de Santiago, tomb of Brother Pedro in the Church of San Francisco and the Convent of la Compañía de Jesus . Holy Week processions in Guatemala are one of the top tourist attractions in Antigua Guatemala . From La Merced, two iconic processions make their way through the streets during Holy Week: The Holy Week processions are one of the main tourist attractions in Guatemala. They are traditions that have remained intact through many centuries from very early times and they were made with images that are currently in Guatemala City ,

495-525: The Mercedarian church, where it has been ever since. In 1776, the capital was transferred to the city of Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción after the Santa Marta earthquakes of 1773 ruined the city of Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala for the third time in the same century and the civil authorities used that as an excuse to weaken the ecclesiastical authorities —following the recommendations of

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540-578: The Province of Our Lady of the Mercy of Guatemala was founded, which included, in addition to Guatemala and Honduras, the regions of San Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and, for some years, until it was erected in independent province, also the region of Mexico. In 1565 the Mercedarian province of the Presentation of Guatemala was created. During the first part of the 17th century they were in charge of

585-600: The Spanish conquistadors and actively participated in the future province of The Mercy of Guatemala, created shortly after his death. The bishop of the diocese, Francisco Marroquín , brought it with him to Guatemala around 1537. The Mercedarians settled in the Almolonga Valley and five years later, after the landslide of the Volcán de Agua Volcano, they moved to the Panchoy Valley . At that time, Friar Marcos

630-659: The Spanish crown established a policy aimed at reducing the power of the Catholic Church , which until then was practically absolute over the Spanish vassals. The church's diminution policy was based on the Enlightenment and had six main points: In 1773, the city of Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala was destroyed by the 1773 Guatemala earthquake ("Santa Marta earthquakes"); but as the Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes -or "Oratorio de la Merced", as it

675-670: The border into Chiapas, where it joins the Cuilco River to form the Grijalva River, to flow onwards to the Gulf of Mexico. Its principal tributaries are the Pino, Sibilá, Ocubilá, Naranjo, Colorado, Torlón, Mapá and Chicol rivers. The largest body of standing water in the department is Laguna Yolnabaj , in the extreme north, close to the border with Mexico. Smaller lakes include Laguna Maxbal, Laguna Yolhuitz, and Laguna Seca, all in

720-504: The church of La Merced did not have a Nazarene image; On the other hand, to avoid a repetition of the violent riots in the new city, the authorities decided to leave the image of Jesús Nazareno from the hermitage of San Jerónimo, in the Mulato neighborhood of Antigua Guatemala. This image was transferred to the parish of San Sebastián in 1804 and then, definitively, to the Iglesia de la Merced, where it has been since then and where it has become

765-457: The city itself, through the lands that in the present make up the Guatemalan departments of Quetzaltenango , San Marcos and Huehuetenango , where they had a large number of doctrines, which multiplied more during the last years of the 16th century or early 18th century. Around 1550, at the request of the lawyer López Cerrato, president of the Audiencia, Friar Marcos promoted the foundation of

810-630: The city of the same name which serves as the departmental capital. The name derives from the Nahuatl language of central Mexico, given by the indigenous allies of the Spanish conquistadors during the Spanish Conquest of Guatemala. It is usually said to mean "place of the elders", but it may also mean a "place of the ahuehuete trees". Huehuetenango covers an area of 7,403 square kilometres (2,858 sq mi) in western Guatemala and

855-545: The current capital of the country since 1776. List of the processions that leave some churches of the City and surrounding towns: Huehuetenango Department Huehuetenango is one of the 22 departments of Guatemala . It is located in the western highlands and shares the borders with the Mexican state of Chiapas in the north and west; with El Quiché in the east, and Totonicapán , Quetzaltenango and San Marcos in

900-504: The department but it is no longer extracted. In 2000, the private mining company Minas de Guatemala S.A. was extracting antimony from underground mines near San Ildefonso Ixtahuacán. Local handicraft production mainly consists of weaving traditional Maya textiles , mostly cotton but also wool , depending on the local climate. In 2008 the most exported product was coffee. The department of Huehuetenango includes 31 municipalities : Former president of Guatemala Efraín Ríos Montt

945-664: The department from the neighbouring departments of El Quiché and Totonicapán. The Cuilco River enters the department from neighbouring San Marcos and crosses into the Mexican state of Chiapas , where it joins with the Grijalva River , which empties into the Gulf of Mexico. Its most important tributaries in Huehuetenango are the Apal , Chomá and Coxtón rivers. The Ixcán River has its source near Santa Cruz Barillas and flows northwards towards Mexico where it joins

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990-596: The department was aged 19 years or younger. The area had been occupied by the Maya civilization since at least the Mesoamerican Early Classic Period . At the time of the Spanish Conquest , the Maya city of Zaculeu was the initial focus of Spanish attention in the region that would later become the department of Huehuetenango. The city was defended by the Mam king Kayb'il B'alam ; in 1525 it

1035-399: The district a department from 1826 onwards in order to better administer it. By 1883, Huehuetenango had 248 coffee plantations and produced 7334 quintals (Imperial hundredweight) of coffee. In 1887, a rebellion in Huehuetenango was put down by president Manuel Lisandro Barillas , who then suspended the constitutional guarantees of the department and redrafted its constitution. During

1080-554: The evangelization of some towns around the city of Santiago, which over time became part of the city. The Mercedarians owned the "La Vega" sugar mill and the "Nuestra Señora del Buen Suceso de Pechar" sugar mill; they also built the San Gerónimo School, but it was confiscated in 1763 for not having a royal license and was used as the Royal Customs. In 1761, the new captain general, Alonso Fernández de Heredia, who

1125-523: The façade of the church, in its upper part, there is a sculpture of St. Peter Nolasco , founder of the Mercedarian Order . Below appears Virgin of Mercy and the Mercedarian shield. The stucco and brick sculptures of St. Raymond Nonnatus and St. Pedro Armengol are found on the left side of the façade. St. Peter Pascual and St. Mary de Cervellione , the first Mercedarian nun, are on the right side. The “Fountain of los Pescados”, dates from

1170-476: The façade of the church, in its upper part, there is a sculpture of St. Peter Nolasco , founder of the Mercedarian Order. Below appears Virgin of Mercy and the Mercedarian shield. The stucco and brick sculptures of the Mercedarian saints San Ramón Nonato and San Pedro Armengol are found on the left side of the façade. St. Peter Pascual and St. Mary de Cervellione , the first Mercedarian nun, are on

1215-652: The gunpowder, the cards and the patio de roosters. The royal hacienda auctioned the estanco annually and an individual bought it, thus becoming the owner of the monopoly of a certain product. That same year four sub-delegations of the Royal Treasury were created in San Salvador , Ciudad Real, Comayagua and León and the administrative political structure of the Kingdom of Guatemala changed to fifteen provinces. In addition to this administrative redistribution,

1260-678: The houses of Gracia de Dios, Tencoa and Valladolid of Comayagua; the three in the Honduran region, so that their religious were in charge of the doctrine of the natives. The first two were founded by Friar Nicolás del Valle, who in 1565 presented a memorial to the Council of the Indies , requesting help for the three convents, where the Mercedarians, "who preach the holy gospel", have not enjoyed royal protection. With nuclei of convents, in 1561

1305-409: The land where the Mercedarian church of the new city was to be built. Martín de Mayorga came to see the image, thus concluding the most difficult episode of the transfer of the city. In 1801, the confraternity of Jesús Nazareno de la Merced moved the altarpiece of the image to the new city, although the church had not yet been built. Until 1813, when the Mercedarian church was inaugurated in the new city,

1350-467: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=La_Merced_Church&oldid=672579604 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages La Merced Church, Antigua Guatemala In Guatemalan Churrigueresque style, this church has two bell-towers. On

1395-550: The most symbolic of Holy Week in Antigua Guatemala . Formerly it was believed that the image of Jesús Nazareno was originally from the Ermita de la Santa Cruz, but modern investigations showed that it came from the Ermita de San Jerónimo. "Visiting the places where Saint Brother Pedro walked and knowing his legacy such as social works, is part of the learning of the pilgrimage. The “Pilgrim Route” allows one to experience

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1440-587: The northeast of the department. In 2018 the department was recorded as having 1,170,669 inhabitants. Over 70% of the population are estimated to be living in poverty, with 22% living in extreme poverty and are unable to meet basic necessities. The majority of the population (variously estimated at 64–75%) belongs to indigenous Maya groups with the remainder being Spanish -speaking Ladinos . The Ladinos tend to be concentrated in towns and villages including Huehuetenango, Cuilco, Chiantla, Malacatancito, La Libertad, San Antonio Huista and La Democracia, which have

1485-434: The operation of three parishes interim that bore the name of their predecessors: "San Sebastián", "Candelaria" and "Los Remedios", where the largest number of religious art works that remained in Antigua Guatemala was kept. After the independence of 1821, it recovered the category of city and was named as the head of the department of Sacatepéquez . Late in the 19th century, the parish of San Sebastián had to be transferred to

1530-664: The outskirts of the city; a devotee carried the cross of the image to San Lucas, a town that is fifteen kilometers from the Mercedarian convent in Antigua Guatemala.25 After stopping in San Lucas Sacatepéquez and Mixco, the images finally arrived in Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción by night, and the Christ was received by the Franciscan friars and then by the Mercedarians, to be deposited in a wooden frame on

1575-506: The rest of the altarpieces were sent to Nueva Guatemala, but the old church continued to function as a parish. Meanwhile, the city of Santiago began to be called the "ruined Guatemala", "Santiago de Guatemala antiguo" and the "old city". It was abandoned by all the royal and municipal authorities, and in 1784 by the last two parishes: Candelaria and Nuestra Señora de los Remedios, also remaining without ecclesiastical authorities. A few years later, Archbishop Cayetano Francos y Monroy authorized

1620-606: The right side. In 1754, by virtue of a Royal Decree part of the Bourbon Reforms , all the parishes of the regular orders were transferred to the secular clergy . In 1765 the Bourbon reforms of the Spanish Crown were published, which sought to recover the royal power over the colonies and increase tax collection. With these reforms, estancos were created to control the production of intoxicating beverages, tobacco,

1665-485: The short-lived Central American state of Los Altos . The state was crushed in 1840 by general Rafael Carrera Turcios , at that time between periods in office as Guatemalan president . Huehuetenango includes pre-Columbian Maya archaeological sites at Zaculeu, Chalchitán , Mojá and San Mateo Ixtatán . The department of Huehuetenango was created by the presidential decree of Vicente Cerna Sandoval on 8 May 1866, although various attempts had been made to declare

1710-473: The south. The capital is the city of Huehuetenango . Huehuetenango's ethnic composition is one of the most diverse in Guatemala. While the Mam are predominant in the department, other Maya groups are the Q'anjob'al , Chuj , Jakaltek , Tektik , Awakatek , Chalchitek , Akatek and K'iche' . Each of these nine Maya ethnic groups speaks its own language. The department of Huehuetenango takes its name from

1755-779: The temperature sometimes falls below freezing to tropical lowland rainforest . The department possesses various rivers that flow into the Chixoy River , also known as the Río Negro, which flows into the system of rivers forming the drainage basin of the Usumacinta River , which empties into the Gulf of Mexico . The most important tributaries of the Chixoy in Huehuetenango are the Hondo and Xecunabaj rivers, which flow into

1800-586: The transfer of the Jesús Nazareno de la Merced, along with the image of the Virgin, to force the Mercedarians to move. The transfer was painful, because the indigenous people in charge of the work took a long time to pick it up and the Antiguan parishioners prayed and wept for the loss of the image while they waited. When Jesús de la Merced left in a box, the people accompanied him to the Ánimas sentry box on

1845-408: The warmer lower slopes the primary crops are coffee , sugarcane , tobacco , chili , yuca , achiote and a wide range of fruits. Although historically cattle and horse farming were important, the size of production is much reduced in modern times, with the rearing of sheep, which is now more widespread. Mines in Huehuetenango produce silver , lead , zinc and copper . Gold was once mined in

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1890-424: Was attacked by Gonzalo de Alvarado y Chávez , cousin of Conquistador Pedro de Alvarado . After a siege lasting several months the Mam were reduced to starvation and Kayb'il B'alam finally surrendered the city to the Spanish. Four years after the Spanish conquest of Huehuetenango, in 1529, San Mateo Ixtatán , Santa Eulalia and Jacaltenango were given in encomienda to the conquistador Gonzalo de Ovalle,

1935-553: Was field marshal of the royal armies and had already been governor of Nicaragua , Comayagua , Florida and Yucatán , arrived in Santiago de los Caballeros de Guatemala ; the new ruler donated four thousand pesos for the construction of the Iglesia de la Merced. The church was dedicated in 1767, just six years before the Santa Marta Earthquakes , which it resisted thanks to the new construction techniques used. On

1980-524: Was in the province of Chiapas, holding the position of protector of the Indians. And some time later, in 1546, he went to Guatemala, where he successively held the positions of commander of the convent of the city and provincial vicar. Bishop Francisco Marroquín stated that the Mercedarians were the first to settle and persevere in Guatemala City. But their field of apostolate was extended outside

2025-474: Was known in the 19th century- was not it suffered major damage because it was practically new, it was still open for worship, conserving its images and altarpieces. One of the measures taken by the president of the Audiencia , Martín de Mayorga , to force the transfer of the city and weaken the ecclesiastical power was the sending of the most important sculpture in the city. For this reason, in 1778 he ordered

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