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34-548: Laajalahti is a marine area particularly known for its bird habitats. The Natura 2000 area in Laajalahti includes a 192-hectare shallow, spacious and grassy bay. As well as the bay and grass field, it is bordered by flood forests, meadow plants, former field areas and bushes. Laajalahti has been classified as an internationally significant bird habitat. It is home to corn crakes and spotted crakes ; also Eurasian bitterns , whooper swans , tundra swans and smews use it as

68-472: A radio station with a tall radio mast. Part of the original Laajalahti area now belongs to Pohjois-Tapiola , but is also known as Etelä-Laajalahti (southern Laajalahti). A speciality of Laajalahti and Etelä-Laajalahti is that the streets in the area are named after former Finnish municipalities on the Karelian Isthmus . The streets have been named so that their order corresponds to the order of

102-810: A boat harbour. The shopping centre Bredis is located in western Laajalahti. The links type golf field Tapiola golf is also located in western Laajalahti. The Laajalahti area includes the Akseli Gallen-Kallela museum, the Villa Elfvik nature protection area, the Laajalahti nature path, the Anja Pankasalo park, the Elfvik granite mine, the Ruukinranta boat harbour and the Kivennavanpuisto artillery outpost. The flowers in

136-526: A ceremony held in 2016. There is a large granite cliff at the forest surrounding the Villa Elfvik building commissioned by Freiherr Emil Standertskjöld. A mine was founded in the area in the early 20th century, which was used to mine dark red and blood-red Laajalahti granite. Dark red granite was used to build land and sea fortresses such as the Suomenlinna fortress, for the stone structures of

170-517: A legal reference when assessing the management of the species and habitats through the concept of favourable conservation status. The Natura 2000 Viewer is a tool to explore the network and gives access to every standard data form. As of 2017 , Natura 2000 protected 27,312 sites with a terrestrial area of 787,606 km (304,096 sq mi) (around 18 percent of land of the EU countries) and marine area of 360,350 km (139,130 sq mi), and

204-527: A resting place during migration. In western Laajalahti, near the golf field, is the culturally significant Muolaansuo swamp area, about two hectares in size. This naturally preserved poor fen is a part of the large Turvesuo swamp in Mankkaa . There are several types of swamps at small spots in Muolaansuo. The swamp is unique in the entire capital area as it is home to culturally significant plants such as

238-535: A rethinking of the habitats assessment might be necessary in the light of a new climate law as part of e.g. the European Green Deal . In European law literature Borgstrom and Kistenkas have discussed some possible future incompatibilities of the Natura 2000 habitats-test with novel EU green infrastructure policies. In the late 2010s the habitats assessment was at the basis of the nitrogen crisis in

272-416: Is Laajalahti ry, founded in 1950. Its purpose is to develop the Laajalahti area to a higher degree of environment and services and to a pleasant living area, as well as gathering information and upholding a genuine Espoo spirit. Laajalahti ry works in connection with the inhabitant forum of Suur-Tapiola. Ring I goes through Laajalahti in a north–south direction. As the coastal area is mostly unbuilt, most of

306-496: Is based on the house's location on the shore of a bay. The Laajalahti bay is exceptionally wide and open compared to other bays in the area. In 1540 there were two houses in Laajalahti. The agricultural names in the area are very young and Swedish, but there has also been a Finnish-oriented name Läppnäs , in Finnish Leppäniemi (Alder Point). The Bredvik village was deserted either during the 17th-century famine or during

340-598: Is now the Gallen-Kallela Museum . Current or former celebrities living in Laajalahti include author-illustrator Mauri Kunnas , musician Jore Marjoranta , pianist of the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra Jouko Laivuori , Member of Parliament Jyrki Kasvi and newsreader Leena Kaskela . Former Prime Minister of Finland Matti Vanhanen attended the Laajalahti school. The overall organisation of Laajalahti

374-643: Is one of the youngest villages in Espoo. It was founded during the Swedish colonisation of Finland in the late 14th century at the earliest, on the lands of the Haapalahti Finnish villages. The first inhabitant of Laajalahti was probably some of the Swedish immigrants to Haapalahti. The village name Bredvik (in 1540 called Bredwijkby and in 1544 Bredwijck ) is based on a Swedish house name, which in turn

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408-704: The Birds Directive adopted in 1979, and together they make up the Natura 2000 network of protected areas. The Birds Directive requires the establishment of Special Protection Areas for birds. The Habitats Directive similarly requires Sites of Community Importance which upon the agreement of the European Commission become Special Areas of Conservation to be designated for species other than birds, and for habitat types (e.g. particular types of forest, grasslands, wetlands, etc.). Together, Special Protection Areas and Special Areas of Conservation form

442-528: The Greater Wrath . On a 1801 map, the village was once again populated. There are numerous fortifications from World War I in Laajalahti, which were part of Krepost Sveaborg . The largest remaining outpost XXXI: 1–2, 4-5 is located north of Turvesuontie in Laajalahti. The outpost has a total of 1.3 kilometres of trenches dug partially dug into the cliff, 18 protection buildings, 10 A class, 5 B class and 1 C class positions and some stairs leading down to

476-672: The Habitats Directive and the Birds Directive , respectively. The network includes both terrestrial and Marine Protected Areas . The Natura 2000 network covered more than 18% of the European Union's land area and more than 7% of its marine area in 2022. In May 1992, the governments of the European Communities adopted legislation designed to protect the most seriously threatened habitats and species across Europe. The Habitats Directive complements

510-621: The National Museum of Finland and for Villa Elfvik's own needs. The rare and valuable blood-red granite containing garnet is used for jewellery. A large amount of this so-called "Breda red gold" has been planted into a vault in an unknown location in the forest. There are also a few ponds in the mine area. The architecturally exceptional Villa Åkerblom is located at the sea shore in eastern Laajalahti. Famous inhabitants of Laajalahti have included artist Akseli Gallen-Kallela and sculptor Ville Vallgren . Akseli Gallen-Kallela's atelier

544-475: The deergrass . The Turvesuo swamp has the only known Cladonia incrassata habitat in the entire country of Finland. This lichen is particularly protected by the nature preservation law. Its 1.9-hectare natural habitat was bordered by a decision from the Uusimaa environmental bureau in 2004. A small part of the habitat was protected as a natural monument already in 1993. The earliest sign of human habitation in

578-408: The EU territory into nine biogeographic regions , each with its own ecological coherence. Natura 2000 sites are selected according to the conditions in each biogeographical region; thus selected sites represent species and habitat types under similar natural conditions across a suite of countries. Each Natura 2000 site has a unique identification form called a standard data form. This form is used as

612-514: The EU, accession states have to submit proposals for Natura 2000 sites meeting the same criteria as EU member states. Some new member states have large areas which qualify to be protected under the directives, and implementation has not always been simple. The Natura 2000 sites are selected by member states and the European Commission following strictly scientific criteria according to the two directives mentioned above. The Special Protection Areas are designated directly by each EU member state , while

646-469: The European Commission committed to raise awareness about the network and biodiversity in general with the public. In order to raise awareness about the Natura 2000 network, 21 May has been designated “Natura 2000 Day”. This precedes “International Day for Biological Diversity” on 22 May. The initiative came from SEO/BirdLife who sought and received funding from the EU LIFE+ programme in order to improve

680-506: The Habitats Directive), dates back to the days climate change was not an issue and the concept of ecosystem services had not been well developed. Hence, in international law literature Kistenkas raised the question the habitats assessment was originally not designed for striking a balance of all relevant ecosystem services or to involve climate change into the assessment. Although well protecting nature conservation objectives,

714-409: The Laajalahti rhododendron and azalea can be enjoyed from early June to July depending on the current selection of flowers. After the rhododendrons have stopped blooming, the thousands of rare heath spotted-orchids start to bloom. The rhododendron park was built by the environmental group of Laajalahti ry led Espoo's fifth homeland patron Anja Pankasalo. The park was named the Anja Pankasalo park in

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748-564: The Laajalahti area are stone graves. The graves were made in the Bronze Age three millennia ago. These so-called hiidenkiuas graves were close to the sea shore at the time. There is also a stone grave on top of the hill on the eastern edge of the Turvesuo swamp. There originally was a view to the sea from the top of the hill. Comb Ceramic culture findings from the shore of the ancient sea also tell of ancient human habitation. Laajalahti

782-594: The Natura 2000 network of protected areas. The Natura 2000 network is the EU contribution to the " Emerald network " of Areas of Special Conservation Interest set up under the Bern Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats . Natura 2000 is also a key contribution to the Program of Work of Protected Areas of the Convention on Biological Diversity . As a prerequisite for joining

816-694: The Netherlands as the EU Court (C-293/17 and C-294/17, ECLI:EU:C:2018:882) ruled on agriculture nearby Natura 2000 sites. In some other member states, such as Bulgaria , there was criticism a project had not been well communicated in advance. This led to construction in the Kaliakra zone of Bulgaria, including wind turbines and a golf course. Land owners have then been told they may not use their land in certain ways, otherwise non-compliance procedures would be used against Bulgaria. This led to protests by

850-623: The Special Areas of Conservation follow a more elaborate process: each EU member state must compile a list of the best wildlife areas containing the habitats and species listed in the Habitats Directive; this list must then be submitted to the European Commission , after which an evaluation and selection process on European level will take place in order to become a Natura 2000 site. The Habitats Directive divides

884-698: The conservation of habitats and species places a brake on development. In 2013, there were 251,564 km (97,129 sq mi) designated as Natura 2000 in the marine environment. The network in marine areas is not considered complete and acknowledged by the Commission as a "key challenge for EU biodiversity policy in the coming years". Natura 2000 sites can vary considerably in character. They are not strictly protected in terms of how they are allowed to be used by people. Many sites are farmed, forested and some are even in urban areas. Other areas are much wilder. The European Commission developed guidelines on

918-552: The habitation in Laajalahti is to the west of the road. Laajalahti is served by the following bus routes: The route of the future Raide-Jokeri is planned to go through Laajalahti. There are plans for stations west of Hiitolantie and on Sakkolantie east of Ring I. Natura 2000 Natura 2000 is a network of nature protection areas in the territory of the European Union . It is made up of Special Areas of Conservation and Special Protection Areas designated under

952-465: The knowledge of this network. In 2013, the first Natura 2000 day took place with the aim to raise awareness of citizens about the importance of Natura 2000 network in their lives. Since then, every May 21 and the weeks before, awareness actions take place all over Europe. For example, in 2014, school children and politicians across the EU were encouraged to make a butterfly gesture and post photos on social media to raise awareness. The Natura 2000 Award

986-534: The original municipalities in Karelia. For example, there are Terijoentie and Metsäpirtintie in the south, and Jääskentie , Kirvuntie , Hiitolantie and Lumivaarantie in the north. Most of the businesses and services in the area are located in the Laajalahti business area in northern Laajalahti. The Laajalahti library located near it served as the main library of Espoo for ten years from 1963 to 1973. There are cafés and restaurants in Ruukinranta, as well as

1020-559: The relation between Natura 2000 and wild areas which are thought to make up around 13% of the network. This was in response to a report by Members of the European Parliament in 2009 which called for further protection of Europe's wilderness. The Natura 2000 network is not well known among European Union citizens; only 11% of citizens knew what it was in 2013. As part of the EU Biodiversity Strategy ,

1054-527: The trenches. There was peat industry at the Turvesuo (Swedish: Torvmossen ) swamp in western Laajalahti from 1910 to 1962 and a cargo railway track to the Kilo railway station was built to serve it. The Tarvontie road works of the Finnish national road 1 cut off the connection in 1960. The Turveradantie road was completed in 2015 and follows the cargo rail track along the Laajalahti area. The Mankkaa landfill

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1088-421: Was considered almost complete in the EU terrestrial environment. The process of designation has not always been smooth as the infringement procedures against member states show. While designation of sites may be near complete, the management and enforcement of protection on sites is less advanced and many sites lack management plans. Natura 2000 faced criticism from developers, farmers and politicians who fear that

1122-726: Was launched by the European Commission in 2013, with the first prizes awarded on Natura 2000 Day in 2014. The annual Award aims to raise awareness about the Natura 2000 network, showcase excellence and encourage networking between people working on Natura 2000 sites. It awards prizes to those working on the management of or to raise awareness about Natura 2000 in five award categories: Conservation; Socio-Economic Benefits; Communication; Reconciling Interests and Perceptions; Cross-Border Cooperation and Networking. In its first year, winners were selected from Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Belgium and Spain. The Natura 2000 legislation, notably with its habitats-test (or: habitats assessment, Article 6 of

1156-486: Was located in western Turvesuo from 1957 to 1986. The landfill area was later taken to reuse when the Tapiola Golf field and recreation area was opened there. After the war, Laajalahti developed rapidly in the 1940s. The buildings in Laajalahti are spread quite evenly across different kinds of buildings, most of them are small detached houses. Along Hagalundintie, now known as Ring I , in Laajalahti there used to be

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