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34-450: Ladson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: James Ladson (1753–1812), American politician, plantation owner, and military officer James H. Ladson (1795–1868), American planter , businessman, and consul Sarah Reeve Ladson , American socialite and arts patron Rick Ladson (1984–), Australian footballer See also [ edit ] Ladson family Ladson ,

68-731: A captain in the 1st regiment of the Continental Line. He served as aide de camp to General Benjamin Lincoln during the 1780 siege of Charleston . He later was promoted to major. Thomas Pinckney related his memories of James Ladson's early life and particularly his service in the revolutionary war in an 1824 letter to Ladson's son James H. Ladson . Following the American Revolutionary Wars he became involved in politics in South Carolina . He served as

102-517: A census-designated place in South Carolina [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Ladson . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladson&oldid=1159597089 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description

136-429: A famous portrait by Thomas Sully . Art historian Maurie McInnis notes that "she visually made reference to the taste of the slave women around whom she had been raised" with the turban and bright colours. James Ladson was the father of James H. Ladson (1795–1868), a major plantation owner who by 1850 owned over 200 slaves who produced 600,000 pounds of rice each year on his La Grange and Fawn Hill plantations, who

170-631: A member of the South Carolina General Assembly from 1785 to 1790. He voted to ratify the federal Constitution in 1788 as a delegate for St. Andrew at the state convention. He served as Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina from 1792 to 1794. He was again elected to the South Carolina General Assembly in 1798, and served as a senator in the state Senate from 1800 to 1804. He also served in various local offices, e.g. as commissioner to rebuild

204-513: A period of chaotic guerrilla warfare in the outlying areas. The joint British naval-army forces were led overall by Sir Henry Clinton , with his subordinate, Lord Cornwallis as his second-in-command. The British regular troops were led by Brigadier General Alexander Leslie . The ground and naval forces were composed thus: The British naval forces that accompanied the invasion were commanded by Vice Admiral Mariot Arbuthnot , and were composed thus: The Franco-American garrison of Charleston

238-598: A potential Franco-American attack, leaving command of the southern theater to Lord Cornwallis , with orders to reduce opposition in North Carolina . Though the effects of the surrender at Charleston were substantial, the British error in strategy soon became apparent. As no popular uprising of Loyalists took place, control of the countryside was difficult. Instead, resistance in South Carolina degenerated into

272-573: A prominent South Carolinian family of English origin. He was the son of William Ladson and Anne Gibbes. His great-grandfather John Ladson emigrated from Northamptonshire in England to Barbados and then to Carolina as one of the first English settlers in 1679, where he built a large plantation and served in the Commons House of Assembly from 1685. His mother was the daughter of the prominent colonial official Colonel John Gibbes (1696–1764) and

306-547: A siege on 1 April, 800 yards from the American fortifications located at today's Marion Square . Whipple, deciding the bar was indefensible, scuttled his fleet at the mouth of the Cooper River . Then Arbuthnot, on 8 April, brought his 14 vessels safely into the harbor, past the roaring guns of Fort Moultrie , the same day Woodford arrived with 750 Virginia Continentals . In order to consolidate British control of

340-521: A surrender with " honours of war ", which was rejected by Clinton. On 23 April, Lord Cornwallis crossed the Cooper River with the Volunteers of Ireland and Carolina Tory militia , joining Lt. Col. James Webster's 33rd Foot and 64th Foot , blocking further escape from the left bank. On 25 April, civilians led by Christopher Gadsden prevented any action on Lincoln's part in withdrawing

374-568: A year lived under the name Rose Ladson in London to escape terrorists. His son James H. Ladson wrote on his views on slavery in 1845. Ladson, South Carolina , is named in honour of his family. Siege of Charleston 1781 1782 1783 The siege of Charleston was a major engagement and major British victory in the American Revolutionary War , fought in the environs of Charles Town (today Charleston),

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408-570: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles James Ladson The President of the European Commission Ursula von der Leyen is descended both from his son James H. Ladson and from his daughter Elizabeth Ladson, and by adoption additionally from his daughter Sarah Reeve Ladson ; von der Leyen lived under the name Rose Ladson in London in the late 1970s. James Ladson was born in 1753 in Charleston to

442-623: The British had crossed the Stono River onto James Island , and by 10 March, Lord Cornwallis had made it to the mainland. By 22 March, they had advanced to Middleton Place and Drayton Hall , and on 29 March 1780, crossed the Ashley River . Clinton had issued the Philipsburg Proclamation in 1779, promising freedom for slaves owned by Patriots who escaped to British lines and aided their cause. Slaves left both

476-588: The British turned to launching their "Southern Strategy" to force a capitulation of the Americans. The British were persuaded that there was a strong Loyalist sentiment in the South, where major planters and merchants had a variety of economic and familial ties with Great Britain. It was expected that these Loyalists would rise against the American Patriots in large numbers. The opening British action

510-649: The Continental regiments. On 6 May, Tarleton won another engagement in the Battle of Lenud's Ferry , while the British siege works had advanced far enough towards the Charleston fortifications to drain the canal in front. On 7 May, Fort Moultrie surrendered without a fight. On May 8, Clinton called for Lincoln's unconditional surrender, but Lincoln attempted to negotiate for the honours of war. On May 11, Gadsden and other citizens asked Lincoln to surrender. On

544-677: The May 29 Battle of Waxhaws . During their surrender the American forces were denied honours of war , leading General George Washington to deny the same to the British during their surrender at the Siege of Yorktown . Washington said, "The same Honors will be granted to the Surrendering Army as were granted to the Garrison of Charles Town." On June 5, Clinton sailed back to New York City, believing his presence necessary to defend against

578-613: The Revolutionaries' capital of Philadelphia had met with limited success. Having replaced his superior as Commander-in-Chief of the American Station, Sir Henry Clinton withdrew all his forces back to New York City to reinforce the city against a possible Franco-U.S. attack. Stymied by the Fabian strategy adopted by Continental general George Washington and, under increasing political pressure to deliver victory,

612-574: The best schools in South Carolina. In 1773 he traveled to England to pursue his education, returning to South Carolina the following year. He owned a plantation in St Andrew Parish and a plantation named Fawn Hill on the Santeee River, and a house and other properties in Charleston. He served as an officer during the American Revolutionary War from 1775 to 1780, first alongside his childhood friend Thomas Pinckney and eventually as

646-477: The bridge over Ashley in 1792. At the time the U.S. Constitution was adopted in 1788 he was reported to own 1,717 acres valued at $ 10,384 and 142 slaves . According to the inventory of his estate he owned 104 slaves at the time of his death. On 1 October 1778, he married Judith Smith (1762–1820), who belonged to one of South Carolina's wealthiest banker-merchant families; her father Benjamin Smith (1717–1770)

680-496: The capital of South Carolina, between March 29 and May 12, 1780. The British, following the collapse of their northern strategy in late 1777 and their withdrawal from Philadelphia in 1778, shifted their focus to the North American Southern Colonies . After approximately six weeks of siege, Major General Benjamin Lincoln , commanding the Charleston garrison, surrendered his forces to the British. It

714-514: The city and countryside around Charleston to join the British around the city. Among those former slaves, known as Black Loyalists , evacuated by the British after the war was John Kizell , who had been captured as a child from the area of Sierra Leone and transported to South Carolina. He eventually returned to Sierra Leone and aided the American Colonization Society . Cutting the city off from relief, Clinton began

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748-495: The command of Wilhelm von Knyphausen . In December, the day after Christmas 1779, Clinton and his second-in-command , Charles Cornwallis , sailed southward with 8,500 troops and 5,000 sailors on 90 troopships and 14 warships. After a very stormy voyage, the fleet anchored in the Savannah River on 1 February 1780. By 12 February, Clinton had landed his army 30 miles south of Charleston on Simmons Island . By 24 February,

782-559: The granddaughter of the colonial governor Robert Gibbes . The Gibbes Museum of Art is named for his mother's family. James Ladson was also a 2nd great-grandson of Henry Woodward , the first British colonist in Carolina. Following the early death of his parents he was raised by his uncle John Gibbes (1733–1780), who owned the Grove Plantation that included today's Hampton Park and its surrounding neighbourhoods. He attended

816-671: The immediate area, Clinton dispatched Banastre Tarleton and Patrick Ferguson to capture Monck's Corner on 14 April. On 18 April, Lt. Col. Lord Rawdon arrived with 2,500 men, including the 42nd Highlanders, the Hessian von Ditfurth Regiment, the Queen's Rangers, Prince of Wales American Volunteers , and the Volunteers of Ireland. Charleston was completely surrounded by the British. Governor John Rutledge escaped on 13 April. On 21 April, Continental leader Benjamin Lincoln requested

850-517: The old barracks where the College of Charleston is today (two barracks buildings are shown on early maps of the campus ), and the Old Exchange and Provost "Dungeon". Prison hulks awaited the majority of the 2,571 Continental prisoners, while parole was granted to the militia and civilians who promised not to take up arms. This ended the power of an American army in the South. The defeat

884-652: The same day, the British fired heated shot into the city, burning several homes, and Lincoln felt forced to call for a parlay to negotiate terms for surrender. On May 12, Lincoln formally surrendered 3,371 men to the British. When word reached the backcountry, the American troops holding Ninety-Six, South Carolina and Camden, South Carolina also surrendered to the British. The British captured some 5,266 prisoners, 311 artillery pieces, 9,178 artillery rounds, 5,916 muskets, 33,000 rounds of ammunition, 15 Regimental colours, 49 ships and 120 boats, plus 376 barrels of flour, and large magazines of rum, rice and indigo. Following

918-428: The surrender, the captured ordnance was brought to a powder magazine. A Hessian officer warned that some of the guns might still be loaded, but he was ignored. One prematurely fired, detonating 180 barrels of powder, further discharging 5,000 muskets in the magazine. The accident killed approximately 200 people and destroyed six houses. The prisoners of the siege were diverted to multiple locations, including prison ships,

952-504: Was a serious blow to the American cause. It was the largest surrender of an American force under arms until the 1862 surrender of Union troops at Harper's Ferry during the Antietam Campaign . The surrender left no substantial army in the South, and the colonies were wide open for a British advance. The British troops consolidated their hold, and had driven the remaining Continental Army troops from South Carolina consequent to

986-471: Was also the Danish Consul in South Carolina. James H. Ladson's son, Major William Henry Ladson, married the daughter of Isabel Ann Baron, the biological daughter of the physician Alexander Baron and James Ladson's daughter Elizabeth Ladson; Isabel Ann Baron had been raised and informally adopted by her aunt Sarah Reeve Ladson and her husband. Among their descendants are Ursula von der Leyen , who for

1020-509: Was married to the wealthiest man in the British North American colonies Peter Manigault . The James Ladson House in Charleston was built for him around 1792; Ladson Street was named in his honour in 1895. His daughter Sarah Reeve Ladson was married to the art collector Robert Gilmor, Jr. ; regarded as one of the most fashionable American women of her time, she was the subject of several portraits and sculptures, including

1054-593: Was one of South Carolina's most prominent merchant bankers, a plantation owner, a slave trader, the long-time Speaker of the Royal Assembly and a great-grandson of South Carolina governor and landgrave Thomas Smith . His wife was a granddaughter of the largest slave trader in British North America Joseph Wragg , a first cousin of governor of North Carolina Benjamin Smith , and a first cousin of Elizabeth Wragg Manigault , who

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1088-545: Was one of the worst American defeats of the war. By late 1779, two major British strategic efforts had failed. An army invading from Quebec under John Burgoyne had surrendered to the Americans under Horatio Gates at the Battles of Saratoga , which inspired both the Kingdom of France and Spain to declare war on Great Britain in support of the Americans. Meanwhile, a strategic effort led by Sir William Howe to capture

1122-478: Was overall led by Benjamin Lincoln . The Continental Army troops were nominally led by Brigadier General William Moultrie . The ground and naval forces were composed thus: The Franco-American naval forces that accompanied the defence of the city were commanded by Commodore Abraham Whipple , and were composed thus: The American Battlefield Trust and its partners have acquired and preserved 88 acres (0.36 km ) of battlefield land in Charleston related to

1156-584: Was the Capture of Savannah , Georgia in December 1778. After repulsing an assault on Savannah by a combined Franco-American force in October 1779, the British planned to capture Charleston, South Carolina , intending to use the city as a base for further operations in the southern colonies. Clinton evacuated Newport, Rhode Island in October 1779, and left the substantial garrison of New York City under

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