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33-518: It is located in the delta of the Wadi Tuban on the main trade route connecting Aden with Ta'izz, Ibb, and Sanaa. Al-Hawtah is known for the shrine of al-Salih Muzahim Ja'far, which attracts pilgrims from throughout Yemen during the month of Rajab . It is known as "al-Hawtah al-Ja'fariyyah" in his honor. The capital of Lahj used to be at al-Ra'ra' , which was destroyed when the Ottomans conquered

66-481: A howtah ( الحوطة ). A howtah in Hadrami culture is where a few religious imams ask surrounding tribes to allow them to create a settlement that is guarded by a boundary of trees in which no tribesmen can enter with their weapons. The howtah is a sacred place of religious learning where people can live without tribal violence. There are many howtahs that stretch Yemen from Hadramout to Lahij, however

99-766: A major battle. In June, the Security Belt Forces were inaugurated in Lahj to serve as the main military and police force in the area. Al-Qaeda led an attack on the Security Belt headquarters in March 2017 but failed to take control of the city. On 16 November 2017, the Southern Transitional Council announced at a festival in al-Hawtah that they would be assuming control of Lahj and ad-Dali' governorates. With al-Qaeda being driven out of

132-475: A major part of Lahji culture and regional identity. There are 39 healthcare facilities in al-Hawtah, including 4 government-owned and 35 privately-owned. The government-owned facilities include 1 each of a public hospital, a maternity and childhood health center, a blood bank , and a health office. The privately-owned facilities include 16 clinics and 19 pharmacies. A survey as of March 2020 indicated that all 39 facilities were fully functioning (compared to 75% for

165-421: A minimum of three flowers, though they can also be solitary on the ends of branchlets. Each flower has about four to nine petals , two locules , and one to four ovules . They have two stamens with very short filaments. The bracts are linear or ovate. The calyx is bell-shaped. They are usually very fragrant. The fruits of jasmines are berries that turn black when ripe. The basic chromosome number of

198-607: A river in heaven that is whiter and sweeter than honey. The Islamic calendar is a purely lunar calendar , and months begin when the first crescent of a new moon is sighted. Since the lunar year is 11 to 12 days shorter than the solar year , Rajab migrates throughout the seasons. The estimated start and end dates for Rajab, based on the Umm al-Qura of Saudi Arabia , are: Jasmine More than 200, see List of Jasminum species Jasmine ( botanical name : Jasminum ; / ˈ j æ s m ɪ n əm / YAS -mih-nəm )

231-922: Is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive family of Oleaceae . It contains around 200 species native to tropical and warm temperate regions of Eurasia , Africa , and Oceania . Jasmines are widely cultivated for the characteristic fragrance of their flowers. Additionally a number of unrelated species of plants or flowers contain the word "jasmine" in their common names (see Other plants called "jasmine" ). Jasmine can be either deciduous (leaves falling in autumn) or evergreen (green all year round), and can be erect, spreading, or climbing shrubs and vines . Their leaves are borne in opposing or alternating arrangement and can be of simple, trifoliate, or pinnate formation. The flowers are typically around 2.5 cm (0.98 in) in diameter. They are white or yellow, although in rare instances they can be slightly reddish. The flowers are borne in cymose clusters with

264-741: Is sometimes known by the inaccurate name "Brazilian Jasmine") and Jasminum dichotomum (Gold Coast Jasmine) are invasive species in Hawaii and Florida . Jasminum polyanthum , also known as pink jasmine, is an invasive weed in Australia. The name comes from Old French jessemin , from Persian : یاسمن‎ , romanized :  yāsamin which is derived from the Middle Persian word yāsaman and yāsamīn ( يَاسَمِين ) in Arabic . The word entered Middle French around 1570 and

297-403: Is the month in which ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib , the fourth Rashidun caliph , was born. Rajab is also the month during which Isra and Mi'raj ( Muhammad 's journey from Mecca to Jerusalem and then through the seven Heavens) took place. Rajab and Shaʿbān are a prelude to the holy month of Ramaḍān . The word "Rajab" came from rajūb ( رجوب ), the sense of veneration or glorification, and Rajab

330-718: Is used in rituals like marriages, religious ceremonies, and festivals. Jasmine flower vendors sell garlands of jasmine, or in the case of the thicker motiyaa (in Hindi) or mograa (in Marathi) varieties, bunches of jasmine are common. They may be found around entrances to temples , on major thoroughfares, and in major business areas . A change in presidency in Tunisia in 1987 and the Tunisian Revolution of 2011 are both called " Jasmine revolutions " in reference to

363-523: The howtah in Lahij outgrew its original plan and became a settlement. Today the capital of the Lahij Governorate is called Al-Howtah. It is the same howtah that was created by Imam Balfijar. The Lahj region experienced instability after Yemeni government forces withdrew from the area in 2012, and Tribal Popular Committee funding was cut. The reduced state presence emboldened al-Qaeda in

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396-480: The Tahirids in the early 1500s and then all but disappears from historical records. Al-Hawtah became capital then. Lahij has always historically been identified as Aden's base city. Since Aden was a port city, not many Yemenis lived there, rather it was used by many foreigners for its location. Lahij has always been one of the very fertile parts of Yemen and was nicknamed "Lahej Al Khathra", which translates to Lahej

429-460: The classical Arabic verb rajaba is "to respect", which could also mean "be awe or be in fear", of which Rajab is a derivative. This month is regarded as one of the four sacred months (including Muharram , Dhu al-Qadah and Dhu al-Hijjah ) in Islam in which battles are prohibited. The pre-Islamic Arabs also considered warfare to be blasphemous during these four months. Muslims believe Rajab

462-692: The 200 species is native to Europe. Their center of diversity is in South Asia and Southeast Asia . Several jasmine species have become naturalized in Mediterranean Europe . For example, the so-called Spanish jasmine ( Jasminum grandiflorum ) was originally from West Asia , the Indian subcontinent , Northeast Africa , and East Africa , and is now naturalized in the Iberian Peninsula . Jasminum fluminense (which

495-607: The Arabian Peninsula to launch a series of attacks in the governorate in June 2013. On 28 January 2015, al-Qaeda demolished the historic Sufyan Mosque in the Al Hota village district. Then on 20 March, al-Qaeda fighters captured al-Hawtah and killed about 20 people during their brief occupation of the city before being driven out by government forces. Less than a week later, on 26 March, Houthi forces captured al-Hawtah and

528-582: The STC from the central government. In 2020 there were reports of armed men intimidating merchants in al-Hawtah. Historically, Lahij has produced coconuts . As of 1920, it used caravans to trade with Aden . Al-Hawtah is the site of Lahj Governorate's main jasmine market, where it is gathered from farmers and then sold to cities throughout Yemen. Lahji jasmine is often considered the best jasmine in Yemen due to its strong, long-lasting fragrance, and jasmine forms

561-451: The birthday of Ali ibn Abi Talib and Muhammad's first revelation in Shia tradition. There are other names for the month, such as Rajab Al-Morrajjab, Rajab Al-Asab, and Rajab Sharif. The Shi'a believe that the month has many virtues. According to some narrations, Rajab belongs to Ali , while Shaban is for Muhammad . Musa al-Kadhim (the seventh Shia imam ) narrated that Rajab is like

594-574: The city. Lack of food security also increased rates of malnutrition . The Ibn Khaldun Hospital, the main public hospital in Lahj Governorate, was built in al-Hawtah in 1990. It has a bed capacity of 250. Most internally displaced people at other healthcare facilities get transferred to Ibn Khaldun for treatment. Services are generally provided free of charge so the hospital does not generate revenue. The Ibn Khaldun Hospital lacks air conditioning and medical specialists, most of whom have fled

627-496: The country. In 2015, al-Hawtah's maternity and child health center suffered major damage, which severely impeded access to healthcare for women and children. The maternity ward and storage unit were renovated in 2019 under direction of the United Nations Development Programme and SFD with a funding of US$ 136,548. As of 2020, it was reported as the largest and most-used medical storage facility in

660-650: The eve of the Yemeni civil war, the college offered 7 master's programs and 2 doctoral programs. In 2015, when the war reached Lahj Governorate, the Nasser College was extensively looted and destroyed. All its holdings - including livestock, rare bird species, lab equipment, and tools - were stolen and it was left without hands-on teaching materials, leaving it only able to offer theoretical instruction. By 2020, private homes had been built on what had previously been college grounds. A railway connecting Lahij with Aden

693-527: The genus is 13, and most species are diploid (2n=26). However, natural polyploidy exists, particularly in Jasminum sambac (triploid 3n=39), Jasminum flexile (tetraploid 4n=52), Jasminum mesnyi (triploid 3n=39), and Jasminum angustifolium (tetraploid 4n=52). Jasmines are native to tropical and subtropical regions of Eurasia , Africa , Australasia within Oceania , although only one of

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726-406: The governorate altogether in 2018, the new conflict was mostly between the STC and the Yemeni national government. Armed clashes broke out between the two sides' forces on 28 August 2019, resulting in the central government's forces taking control of the Security Belt headquarters and the city as a whole. Two days later, on 30 August, the Security Belt forces were able to retake control of the city for

759-841: The governorate as a whole). A significant impediment for the healthcare sector in al-Hawtah is lack of funds, partly caused by the weak exchange rate of the Yemeni riyal to the US dollar . There is also a shortage of medical staff because of retirements and low salaries. Increases in the general population have also outpaced supply of medicines and other medical supplies, causing a shortage in that area as well. The Yemeni civil war has also caused significant damage to health infrastructure, particularly due to frequent power outages , and an influx of internally displaced people has also exacerbated ongoing medical shortages. Many of these IDPs lack have not been vaccinated against common diseases, leading to outbreaks in

792-634: The governorate. As of 2017-18 school year, al-Hawtah had 1 preschool, 11 primary schools, 2 secondary schools, and 0 combined primary/secondary schools. Many of the city's schools are in poor condition due to ongoing conflict and lack of funds for maintenance; some have even been reported as being near collapse. They also have poor access to electricity and drinking water. There is a shortage of qualified teachers, who are often paid insufficiently and inconsistently. In January 2020, al-Hawtah's teachers went on strike in an attempt to get increased wages and monetary reimbursement for time spent working without pay. Since

825-587: The green. This means it stood out from the rest of Yemen which was known to be desert. In the early 1700s a few Sallami tribesmen (members of the Al-Sallami family who migrated from Kalad region of Lower Yaffa) migrated to the Tuban Delta in Lahij and settled between the 2 valleys that surround Lahij. Their new settlement was named Al-Majhafa which translates to "the unfair" in Arabic due to settlers upset with

858-518: The lack of provisions the area offered them. Many of these settlers were Bedouin permanent migrants from Abyan, Baidha and Shabwa regions. Some were also Yaffai tribesmen like the Sallami family. Others were various Hoshabis from the Musaymeer area looking for new lands. During this time, Hadrami religious Sayids made their way into the area and as custom, one of them name Balfijar asked to established

891-484: The nearby Al Anad Air Base en route to Aden. They held the city until August, when Southern Transitional Council -led airstrikes bombarded Houthi positions and cleared the way for hundreds of government troops to move north toward Al Anad Air Base. The Houthis were driven out by 4 August, losing most of their heavy weaponry in the process. Al-Qaeda struck again in early 2016, capturing the city on 25 January and holding it until government forces retook it on 15 April after

924-420: The oil of Jasminum grandiflorum led to the discovery of the molecular structure of jasmonates . Jasmonates occur ubiquitously across the plant kingdom , having key roles in responses to environmental cues, such as heat or cold stress, and participate in the signal transduction pathways of many plants. Jasmine is cultivated commercially for domestic and industrial uses, such as the perfume industry. It

957-415: The outbreak of the civil war, there has been an increase in student enrollment because many internally displaced children came to al-Hawtah, putting further stress on the city's educators. Many children also feel physically unsafe going to school. Female participation in the education system remains relatively low compared to males, both among students and teachers. The Nasser College of Agricultural Sciences

990-452: Was also formerly called Mudhar because the tribe of Mudhar did not change it but rather expected its time to be different than the rest of the Arabs, who changed and altered the months according to the state of war. The name of Rajab literally means respected, regarded, and admired. It seems that the word is originally a Semitic one. There are two important events during the month, namely

1023-508: Was established in al-Hawtah in 1969 as a joint Yemeni-Egyptian project and quickly became the country's main agricultural institute. Its curriculum was initially prepared by members of Zagazig University 's Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and adapted from Egyptian curriculums to meet local conditions. The Nasser College later became one of the three founding members of the University of Aden . It started offering graduate programs in 1996. By

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1056-524: Was first used in English in 16th century England. The Persian name is also the origin of the genus name, Jasminum . Species belonging to the genus are classified under the tribe Jasmineae of the olive family ( Oleaceae ). Jasminum is divided into five sections — Alternifolia , Jasminum , Primulina , Trifoliolata , and Unifoliolata . Species include: Jasmine lends its name to jasmonate plant hormones, as methyl jasmonate isolated from

1089-535: Was opened on 11th February 1919 and was extended to Al Khudad opening on 7th January 1920. There were two trains per day in each direction carrying passengers and goods. The railway was closed in July 1929. 13°03′N 44°53′E  /  13.050°N 44.883°E  / 13.050; 44.883 Rajab Rajab ( Arabic : رَجَب ) is the seventh month of the Islamic calendar . The lexical definition of

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