40-470: Lambton Quay (once known as The Beach ) is the heart of the central business district of Wellington , the capital city of New Zealand. Originally, as the name implies, it was the high-water line of the foreshore, and sometimes the sea would roll across the road and enter the shops on the opposite side. It was the site of the original European settlement in 1840 (following initial settlement on flood-prone land at Petone ), which grew into Wellington. In
80-524: A House of Commons committee concluded that the loss of small shops on high streets in favor of chain stores contributes to the formation of clone towns , leading to "a loss of sociability ". In 2011, business consultant Mary Portas , best known for the TV series Mary Queen of Shops , was commissioned by the UK government to provide an independent review of High Street shopping. The report provided evidence for
120-978: A highway ). In most cities the main business and shopping area is rather referred to as Innenstadt (downtown) or by the specific street name. In Cologne the Hohe Straße (literally, High Street) is the main shopping street, but was named after a gate at its southern end (the Hohe Pforte , or High Gate). The term High Street is far less commonly used in Ireland. There, like in the United States, Main Street tends to be used instead. Neither of Dublin's two main shopping streets ( Grafton Street and Henry Street ) carry this name, for example, nor does its main thoroughfare ( O'Connell Street ). While Dublin has street named High Street near Christchurch , formerly
160-490: A major commercial thoroughfare. In 2020 it was estimated that about 70,000 people travel on Lambton Quay and Willis Street each day, mostly on foot or by bus. It is also of administrative significance, with the New Zealand Parliament Buildings towards the northern end. The Wellington Cenotaph is also located at this end, next to Parliament. The Wellington Cable Car runs from Lambton Quay to
200-401: A major shopping street named High Street ( Irish : An tSráid Ard ), including Killarney , Galway , Wexford , Ballinrobe , Westport , Bagenalstown , Macroom , Tuam , Wicklow , Trim , Monaghan , Kilkenny , and Kilrush . Bantry, County Cork is an interesting variant; the main shopping street is called High Street in its western part and Main Street in its eastern part. The same
240-408: A number of different variables. Research has highlighted the ongoing challenges faced by towns and cities and suggested that "[t]he town centre serves not only social, utilitarian or hedonic shopping purposes but also supports out-of-hours entertainment and leisure services. The way that consumers perceive and use town centres has also fundamentally changed." In order to address the issues threatening
280-585: A preponderance of stores selling luxury branded goods. In the United Kingdom, geographic concentration of goods and services (including at industrial estates and out of town shopping centres) has reduced the share of the economy contributed to by workers in the high street. High Street refers to only a part of commerce. The town centre in many British towns combines a group of outdoor shopping streets (one or more of which may be pedestrianised ), with an adjacent indoor shopping centre. High Streets through
320-481: A street where the most important shops and businesses were located. In Britain, the term 'high street' has both a generic and a specific meaning: people refer to 'shopping on the high street' both when they mean the main retail area, as well as the specific street of that name. Many former British colonies, including Canada, Australia, New Zealand and the US region known as New England (especially Massachusetts ), adopted
360-404: A typical high street to differentiate them from more specialised, exclusive and expensive outlets (often independent stores) – for example, "High Street banks " (instead of the less-common private or investment banks ) or "High Street shops" (instead of boutiques ). The phrase "High Street banks" is used to refer to the retail banking sector in the United Kingdom. Alongside High Street ,
400-715: Is a term used in smaller towns and villages in Scotland , while in North East England Front Street is common. In Cornwall , some places in Devon and some places in the North of England, the equivalent is Fore Street; in some parts of the UK Market Street is also used, although sometimes this may be a different area where street markets are currently (or were historically) held. Following
440-746: Is also home to Wellington's Civic Precinct, including Civic Square , the Wellington Town Hall , Wellington Central Library , the Michael Fowler Centre , and City Gallery Wellington . It is one of the few locations in New Zealand that is home to several high-rise buildings, including the Majestic Centre , and Aon Centre (Wellington) . The Supreme Court is just within Wellington Central as well as
SECTION 10
#1732790872406480-546: Is an inner-city suburb of Wellington , and the financial heart of both the city and the Wellington Region . It comprises the northern part of the central business district , with the majority of Wellington's high-rise buildings. The majority of Wellington's High Street , Lambton Quay , runs through Wellington Central. From Lambton Quay the Wellington Cable Car is accessible. Wellington Central
520-445: Is called Te Aro , which is the focus of Wellington's night-life. Wellington Central statistical area covers 0.56 km (0.22 sq mi). It had an estimated population of 3,350 as of June 2024, with a population density of 5,982 people per km . Wellington Central had a population of 3,000 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 114 people (4.0%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 1,008 people (50.6%) since
560-498: Is found in Athlone and Birr, County Offaly . In Jamaica, the main commercial district is Front Street (especially in cities located alongside a waterway). In Norway, the main commercial and administrative street is most often 'Storgaten/Storgata' (Grand Street) In Sweden, the main street is often 'Storgatan' (Grand Street), but as common is 'Drottninggtan' (Queen's street) and 'Kungsgatan' (King's Street)' The equivalent in
600-510: Is frequently used in Quebec towns, and "a village where the main street is still Main Street" is a phrase that is used in respect for small towns. In some sections of Canada, the main commercial district is Front Street (especially in cities located alongside a waterway). In Germany , the equivalent is Hauptstraße (Main Street), though this can also refer to a road with a lot of traffic (i.e.,
640-814: Is used across various types of settlements; from densely populated inner suburbs of Dublin such as Ranelagh , to satellite suburbs of the capital such as Swords , and also in villages and small towns throughout the country. For example, the OSI North Leinster Town Maps book lists sixteen "Main Streets" and only two "High Streets" in its thirty-town index of street names. Similarly, the OSI Dublin Street Guide (covering all of Dublin City and County Dublin) lists twenty "Main Streets" and only two "High Streets". Some Irish towns do have
680-544: The 2006 census . There were 1,269 households, comprising 1,437 males and 1,566 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.92 males per female. The median age was 26.0 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 69 people (2.3%) aged under 15 years, 1,770 (59.0%) aged 15 to 29, 951 (31.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 210 (7.0%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 70.1% European/ Pākehā , 6.7% Māori , 2.6% Pasifika , 26.4% Asian , and 3.4% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity. The percentage of people born overseas
720-506: The Great Fire of London (1666), the city of London was completely rebuilt. New planning laws, governing rebuilding, designated four types of street based on the size of their carriageways and the types of buildings. Shops were permitted in the principal street or 'high street', but not in the by-lanes or back streets. This may have been based on the need for high visibility in order to regulate retail trade, as well as to avoid congestion in
760-539: The Industrial Revolution , the department store became a common feature in major High Streets across Britain, with Harding, Howell & Co. , opened in 1796 on Pall Mall , London, a contender for the first department store. Founded in London in 1792, bookseller and stationers WHSmith is the world's oldest national retail chain . The 19th century was a "golden era" for High Street shops. The rise of
800-458: The New Zealand stock exchange centre. Wellington Central consists of the flat, mostly reclaimed land , west of Lambton Harbour and the part of The Terrace immediately above it. It is bounded on the north by the suburb Pipitea (which includes Parliament Buildings ) and extends as far south as Civic Square . The part of Wellington Central Business District south of Wellington Central
840-603: The United Kingdom and Commonwealth . It implies that it is the focal point for business, especially shopping . It is also a metonym for the retail sector. While many streets, such as Camden High Street (in London). bear this name, streets with similar function but different names are often referred to as "high street". With the rapid increase in consumer expenditure the number of High Streets in England grew from
SECTION 20
#1732790872406880-510: The 17th century and reached a peak in Victorian Britain where, drawn to growing towns and cities spurred on by the Industrial Revolution , the rate of urbanisation was unprecedented. Since the latter half of the 20th century, the prosperity of High Streets has been in decline due to the growth of out-of-town shopping centres , and, since the early 21st century, the growth of online retailing, forcing many shop closures and prompting
920-458: The 19th century Pipitea Pa was situated at the extreme northern end of Lambton Quay – the section of road in this area is now known as Thorndon Quay. Land uplift caused by the 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and further reclamation have left Lambton Quay some 250 metres from the current shoreline. Kumototo Stream used to flow from the Terrace, down what is now Woodward Street and across Lambton Quay to
960-851: The Criterion Hotel, a name it kept until at least 1887. By 1900 buildings on the Quay included the Royal Hotel, government printer, Old Government Buildings , Central Police Station, Club Hotel, Occidental Hotel, Commercial Union and New Zealand Insurance companies, Trust & Loan Co, Star Hotel, Baker Bros, Union Bank of Australia , Bank of New South Wales , South British Insurance , Colonial Bank , Exchange Building , Barrett's Hotel and Equitable Building Investment Co. 41°16′54″S 174°46′34″E / 41.281615°S 174.776043°E / -41.281615; 174.776043 Wellington Central, Wellington Wellington Central
1000-505: The UK government to consider initiatives to reinvigorate and preserve the High Street. High Street is the most common street name in the UK, which according to a 2009 statistical compilation has 5,410 High Streets, 3,811 Station Roads and 2,702 Main Streets. In Middle English the word "high" denoted superior rank (" high sheriff ", " Lord High Chancellor ", " high society "). "High" also applied to roads as they improved: " highway "
1040-567: The United Kingdom , with the balance shifting towards the latter. In the early 21st century, bricks and mortar retailers confronted another major threat from online retailers operating in a global marketplace. To confront this threat, High Street precincts have been forced to evolve; some have become smaller as shops shut their doors, while others have become more like social spaces with a concentration of retail services including cafes, restaurants and entertainment venues while yet others have positioned themselves as more up-market shopping precincts with
1080-458: The centre of the medieval city, it is not a shopping street. The city of Cork 's main shopping street is St Patrick's Street . The city's oldest streets are named North Main Street and South Main Street. Limerick 's principal thoroughfare, like Dublin, is also O'Connell Street (the name is used in a number of other Irish towns in honour of Daniel O'Connell ). The term Main Street ( Irish : An tSráid Mhór , literally "The Big/Great Street")
1120-404: The centuries The popularity of shopping malls in the mid-20th century, combined with the rise of online retail at the turn of the century has threatened the viability of high street retail precincts. Initiatives to preserve the traditional British High Street are evident. Research into the customer's shopping preferences and patterns reveals that the continued vitality of towns is predicated on
1160-417: The decline of High Street precincts such as data indicating that retail spending in High Street shops had fallen to below 50 per cent. Her final report set out a vision for High Streets and a number of recommendations. However, her plan has failed to stem the number of High Street store closures, leaving authorities in a quandary about how to proceed. The term "High Street" is used to describe stores found on
1200-498: The middle class in Victorian England contributed to a more favourable attitude to shopping and consumption. Shopping centres became places to see and be seen, for recreational shopping, and for promenading . By the 20th century, however, the viability of High Streets began to decline. In the second half of the 20th century, traditional British High Street precincts came under pressure from out-of-town shopping centres in
1240-489: The narrow lanes and back streets. Accordingly, from the 17th century, the term "High Street" gradually assumed a narrower meaning and came to describe thoroughfares with significant retail in large villages and towns. With the rapid increase in consumer expenditure , in the late 17th and 18th centuries the number of High Streets in England increased markedly. Britain also saw an unprecedented growth in urbanisation with people flocking to growing towns and cities. Nurtured by
Lambton Quay - Misplaced Pages Continue
1280-423: The sustainability of towns it is increasingly important to consider Consumer behaviour and customer experience . This is in line with research that proposes that for high street retail to thrive in spite of the growth threat of eCommerce , the sensual hedonic experiences (e.g. scent, feel, etc.) need to be presented to visitors while allowing for discovery of hidden experiences in the built environment. In 2006,
1320-418: The term Main Street is also used in smaller towns and villages. The Dutch equivalent is Hoogstraat , or in villages Dorpsstraat ("village street'). Alongside the term High Street , the terms Main Street or "Central Avenue" are also used. In Canada, east of Lake Superior, King Street and Queen Street are often major streets; rue Principale , as the literal French language equivalent of Main Street
1360-400: The term to refer to retail shopping areas. Main street is used in the island of Ireland. In Britain, some 3,000 streets called High Street and about 2,300 streets with variations on the name (such as Upper High Street, High Street West) have been identified, giving a grand total of approximately 5,300. Of these, more than 600 High Streets are located in London's boroughs. Main Street
1400-540: The top of the Botanic Garden . James Henry Marriott , who arrived from London in 1843, had a bookshop here. The length of Lambton Quay is punctuated by several notable sculptures. Dense bush, down to the harbour's edge, covered much of the area until 1840 and, at the site of the Old Bank Arcade , it could be hard to get round the rocks at high tide at what was then Windy Point, or Clay Point. The Point
1440-549: The waterfront. This stream was culverted in the late 19th century. Lambton Quay is named after John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham , the first chairman of directors of the New Zealand Company . Lambton Quay, Willis Street , Manners Street and Courtenay Place form what is known locally as the Golden Mile . The city's retail trade has spread further south to also include Cuba Street , but Lambton Quay remains
1480-414: Was $ 25,300, compared with $ 31,800 nationally. 696 people (23.7%) earned over $ 70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,356 (46.3%) people were employed full-time, 426 (14.5%) were part-time, and 207 (7.1%) were unemployed. High Street High Street is a common street name for the primary business street of a city, town, or village, especially in
1520-467: Was 41.4, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 57.8% had no religion, 22.8% were Christian , 0.2% had Māori religious beliefs , 5.7% were Hindu , 3.0% were Muslim , 2.4% were Buddhist and 3.8% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 1,290 (44.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 42 (1.4%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income
1560-478: Was a new term taken up by the church and their vestries during the 17th century as a term for all public roads between settlements. From the 19th century, which saw a proliferation in the number of public roads, the term "highway" lost its specific meaning, and was legally defined as any public road (e.g., the Highway Code regulates UK public roads). The term "high street" assumed a different meaning, that of
1600-441: Was dug away between 1857 and 1863 to reclaim 7 acres 3 roods 34 perches (almost 8 acres (3.2 ha)). The name Lambton Quay was in use by the end of 1840. On 22 October 1840 Barrett's Hotel, a 2-storey pub, opened at the north end of the Quay. The Wellington Hotel opened by 1843. Its owner, Baron Alzdorf, was the only Wellington person killed in the 1855 earthquake, when a chimney of the hotel fell on him, after which it became
#405594