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45-473: Lapachito is a village and municipality in Chaco Province in northern Argentina . This article about a place in Chaco Province , Argentina is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . 27°10′S 59°24′W  /  27.167°S 59.400°W  / -27.167; -59.400 Chaco Province It is bordered by Salta and Santiago del Estero to the west, Formosa to

90-485: A dry winter and is classified as a semi-arid climate ( BS under the Köppen climate classification) due to potential evapotranspiration exceeding precipitation. In the most humid (eastern) parts of the province, precipitation falls throughout the year with no dry season. These areas receive around 1,400 millimetres (55 in) of precipitation per year. Precipitation decreases westwards and become more concentrated in

135-461: A productive farming region known for its dairy and beef production. In 1951 the territory became a province, and its name was changed to Provincia Presidente Perón. The province was renamed again in 1955 when the government of President Juan Perón was overthrown, returning to the historical name of Chaco. Chaco voters, however, continued to support Peronist candidates in subsequent elections, notably Deolindo Bittel whose three terms as governor in

180-492: A ton of legally protected meteoric iron. The first European settlement was founded by Spanish conquistador Alonso de Vera y Aragón, in 1585, and was called Concepción de Nuestra Señora . It was abandoned in 1632. During its existence, it was one of the most important cities in the region, but attacks from local Indians forced the residents to leave. In the 17th century, the San Fernando del Río Negro Jesuit mission

225-521: A year) and maize (55,000 tons), who have experienced a less dramatic invigoration after the 2001 crisis. Bananas , grown mainly for domestic consumption, amount to a steady annual average crop of 70,000 tons. Citrus and juice production for exportation, specially grapefruit , is growing rapidly, with 1,200 planted hectares and an annual production of around 15,000 tons. Others; honey (273 tons) and derivatives, timber -wood (140,000 tons) and textile industry (cotton, leather). Tourist infrastructure

270-504: Is a province in northeastern Argentina , part of the Gran Chaco Region. Formosa's northeast end touches Asunción, Paraguay , and the province borders the provinces of Chaco and Salta to its south and west, respectively. The capital is Formosa . The name of the city (and the province) comes from the archaic Spanish word fermosa (currently hermosa ) meaning "beautiful". The name Vuelta Fermosa or Vuelta la Formosa

315-476: Is also cultivated in the south, as well as rice and tobacco to a lesser degree. Cattle breeds consisting of crosses with zebu are regarded as better adapted to the high temperatures, grass shortage and occasional flooding than intensively reared pure-breeds. Industrial contributes approximately 10% to the provincial economy and includes textiles produced from local cotton, oil and coal production, and sugar, alcohol and paper, all derived from sugar cane. Chaco

360-581: Is barely developed. Sites of interest include the city of Formosa, the Río Pilcomayo National Park , Bañado La Estrella , Laguna Yema , Herradura town, and Misión Laishí . The provincial government is divided into the usual three branches: the executive, headed by a popularly elected governor, who appoint the cabinet; the legislative; and the judiciary, headed by the Supreme Court. The Constitution of Formosa Province forms

405-668: Is based on cattle and agricultural activities like cotton and fruit cultivation, these being mostly centered in the Patino, Pilagás and Pilcomayo departments. Cattle in Formosa exceed 1.5 million head and ranching has long been the agricultural mainstay of the province. Like elsewhere in Argentina, agriculture has long since been overtaken by other activities and amounts to about 10% of Formosa's output (somewhat more than average). Cotton cultivation passed from over 100,000 tons at

450-591: Is characterized with uniform annual rains in the east (1000 mm annual), while in the rest of the country winter is a drier season (80 mm). The humidity variation results in the jungle vegetation on one side, and the Chaqueño forest in the other. The limit with the Salta Province is known as the Impenetrable ("Impenetrable"). Formosa's protected areas are the Río Pilcomayo National Park and

495-474: Is home to the Chaco National Park , but tourism is not a well-developed industry in the province. The province's main airport, Resistencia International Airport , serves around 100,000 passengers annually. The provincial government is divided into the usual three branches: the executive, headed by a popularly elected governor, who appoint the cabinet; the legislative; and the judiciary, headed by

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540-712: Is one of the preferred destinations for nature enthusiasts due to the excellent state of conservation of its ecosystems across much of its territory. It is renowned for its rich birdlife, with many species easily observable during a day trip into nature. Within this province, one can encounter rheas (ñandúes), various species of partridges among the terrestrial birds, and herons among the aquatic species. Other notable bird species include toucans, southern lapwings, crested caracaras, crows, caracaras, magpies, woodpeckers, kingfishers, different species of doves and ducks, guans, hoatzins, ovenbirds, cattle tyrants, fork-tailed flycatchers, owls, and nightjars, seedeaters, swans, and spoonbills. In

585-530: The Formosa National Reserve . Formosa, a province located in northern Argentina, is renowned for its exceptional fauna diversity. The region's diverse ecosystems, encompassing wetlands, forests, grasslands, and rivers, provide a wide array of habitats for a rich variety of animal species. The fauna of Formosa showcases a remarkable assortment, playing a vital role in preserving the ecological balance of this vast environment and contributing to

630-762: The Kom , Moqoit and Wichí languages, spoken by the Toba , Mocovi and Wichí peoples respectively. Chaco has historically been among Argentina's poorest regions, and currently ranks last both by per capita GDP and on the Human Development Index . Chaco derives from chaku , the Quechua word used to name a hunting territory or the hunting technique used by the people of the Inca Empire . Annually, large groups of up to thirty thousand hunters would enter

675-543: The Republic of Paraguay . To the north, the river Bermejo forms another natural border, dividing Chaco Province from Formosa Province . In the south, the border follows the 28th parallel south , separating the region from Santa Fe Province , while in the west it borders Salta and Santiago del Estero . Other important rivers include: the Negro , Tapenagá , Palometa , and Salado , all tributaries or anabranches of

720-668: The Rincón Bomba massacres  [ es ] by the Argentinean Gendarmerie of nomadic Amerindians in 1947, President Perón initiated a program of land reform in the province; the program, by the time of his 1955 overthrow, had issued only around 4,000 land grants, however. Continuing to grow slowly, though relatively steadily, the Formosa campus of the National University of the Northeast

765-417: The 1960s and 1970s were each cut short by military intervention. Bitell subsequently ran for vice-president in the 1983 Argentine Presidential elections and later served as mayor of the provincial capital, Resistencia . With few paved highways, and thus an overdependence on passenger rail services, Chaco was adversely impacted by the national rail privatizations and line closures of the early 1990s. In 1997,

810-529: The 2022 Argentine national census, the Province of Formosa has 606,941 inhabitants. Remote and saddled by its inhospitable geography and climate, Formosa's economy has long been one of Argentina's poorest. Its economy in 2006 was estimated at US$ 2.082 billion, or, US$ 4,278 per capita. Its economy is the third-smallest and second-least developed in Argentina, yet it has shared in Argentina's recovery since 2002 very well. Poorly industrialized, Formosa's economy

855-593: The Quechua language, which is common in Peru, and that Spaniards have corrupted into Chaco ". However, the earliest known mention of the term in a document was in a letter written to Fernando Torres de Portugal y Mesía , Viceroy of Peru , dated in 1589, by the then Governor of Tucumán , Juan Ramírez de Velasco , who referred to the region as Chaco Gualamba . (The term Gualamba is of uncertain origin and has since fallen into disuse. ) The province of Chaco lies within

900-748: The Supreme Court and completed by several inferior tribunals. The Constitution of Chaco Province forms the formal law of the province. In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police but the additional work is carried out by the Chaco Provincial Police . The province is divided into 25 departments (Spanish: departamentos ). 27°27′05″S 58°59′12″W  /  27.45139°S 58.98667°W  / -27.45139; -58.98667 Formosa Province Formosa Province ( Spanish pronunciation: [foɾˈmosa] )

945-461: The area at the beginning of the 16th century trying to find a route from Viceroyalty of Peru to Asunción . Because the Pilcomayo and Bermejo Rivers are so shallow, the attempts to set a route towards Asunción was abandoned. The area's first European settlement, Concepción del Bermejo , was established in 1585. Following the establishment of Argentine and Paraguayan independence in the 1810s,

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990-603: The area fell under dispute between the two nations, a matter not settled until after the War of the Triple Alliance (1865–70). Commander Luis Jorge Fontana founded the settlement of Formosa in 1879, bringing the remote area into national attention and helping to secure a territorial status in 1884. Formosa had less than 20,000 inhabitants in 1914; but in 1955, when it acquired the status of Province by decree of President Juan Perón , it had already more than 150,000. Following

1035-463: The areas near rivers, especially along the Paraná River, common parakeets and the yellow-chevroned parakeet and blue-fronted parrot are abundant. It could be said that half of Argentina's bird species are found in Formosa, as 367 species have been recorded out of the 1,020 documented across the entire country. These are just a few examples of the diverse avian inhabitants of the province: Some of

1080-465: The birds found in Formosa include: Formosa is home to a variety of reptiles, each with its own characteristics and level of danger. Among them are the lampalagua, the false yarará, the yarará or cross snake, and the coral snake, with the latter two being highly venomous. In addition to these venomous snakes, the chaco region is also inhabited by the overas and coloradas iguanas, as well as land turtles. The reptiles found in Formosa include: According to

1125-522: The distinctive howler monkey, known as carayá, standing out among them. In the drier forest zones, armadillos, including the giant armadillo, locally known as tatú carreta, alongside foxes and rodents commonly found in the Chaco region, have established their habitats. The bird and reptile populations in Formosa share similarities with those found in other provinces of Argentina. In Formosa Province, one can still find both large and small feline species, such as

1170-425: The end of the 1970s to 10,000 at the end of the 1990s because of the drop of the international price, and the fixed exchange rate . After the 2001 crisis , production slightly revived to 50,000 tons a year in 2004. More than 70% of the area sown with cotton belongs to small family-run farms of less than 10 hectares . Cotton represents half of the agricultural wealth of the province followed by soybean (25,000 tons

1215-561: The formal law of the province. In Argentina, the most important law enforcement organization is the Argentine Federal Police but the additional work is carried out by the Formosa Provincial Police . The province is divided into nine departments: Formosa has its own anthem, called "Himno Marcha Formosa". On April 8, 1955, the Anthem "Marcha Formosa" was sung for the first time, in 1964 the definitive arrangement of it

1260-563: The jaguar, puma, ocelot, mountain cat, and pampas cat. In the grassland areas, the maned wolf, known as "aguara-guazu," can be found, although its population is currently declining. In more open and cleared areas, armadillos such as the mulita, giant armadillo, mataco, and peludo can be found. Other abundant mammals in Formosa include coatis, tapirs, small deer known as corzuelas, foxes, skunks, vizcachas, overa weasels, howler monkeys or caraya, and various rodent species. The 27 species of mammals that have been identified in Formosa are: Formosa

1305-496: The military to search for a huge mass of iron, which he had heard that natives used for their weapons. The natives called the area Heavenly Fields, which was translated into Spanish as Campo del Cielo . This area is now a protected region situated on the border between the provinces of Chaco and Santiago del Estero where a group of iron meteorites fell in a Holocene impact event some four to five thousand years ago. In 2015, Police arrested four alleged smugglers trying to steal over

1350-638: The most humid seasons (high humidity) due to this season being characterized by frequent fogs. The area was originally inhabited by various hunter-gatherers speaking languages from the Mataco-Guaicru family. Native tribes including the Toba , and Wichí survive in the region and have important communities in this province as well as in Formosa Province . In 1576, the governor of a province in Northern Argentina commissioned

1395-553: The north, Corrientes to the east, and Santa Fe to the south. It also has an international border with the Paraguayan Department of Ñeembucú . With an area of 99,633 km (38,469 sq mi), and a population of 1,142,963 as of 2022, it is the twelfth most extensive, and the eleventh most populated, of the twenty-three Argentine provinces. In 2010, Chaco became the second province in Argentina to adopt more than one official language. These languages are

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1440-407: The overall functionality of the ecosystem. Nevertheless, the indigenous animals of Formosa have faced significant declines as a result of human activities. The yaguareté, once a prevalent inhabitant of the forests and jungles, has experienced a population decrease. Other felids, such as pumas and various feline species, also inhabit the area. The humid forest areas are home to tapirs and monkeys, with

1485-496: The province's vigorous recovery from the 2002 crisis. Chaco Province continues to suffer from the worst social indicators in the country with 49.3% of its population living below the poverty line by income and with 17.5% of children between the ages of two and five in a state of malnutrition in 2009. Among Argentine provinces, it ranks last by GDP per capita and 21st by Human Development Index , only above its neighbors Formosa and Santiago del Estero. In 2010, Chaco became

1530-464: The river Paraná . The province has a subtropical climate . It is divided in two different climate zones: a more humid one in the east and a drier subtropical climate in the center and west. The eastern parts of the province have a humid subtropical climate ( Cfa under the Köppen climate classification ) with no dry season. In the west where precipitation is lower, it has a subtropical climate with

1575-436: The second province in Argentina to declare indigenous languages official within the province, after Corrientes . Three local languages gained official status in Chaco besides Spanish: Kom , Moqoit , and Wichí . According to the 2022 Argentine national census, the province of Chaco has 1,142,963 inhabitants. Chaco's economy, like most in the region, is relatively underdeveloped, yet has recovered vigorously since 2002. It

1620-480: The services that had been previously run by the state-owned company Ferrocarriles Argentinos since railway nationalization in 1948, were taken over by the Servicios Ferroviarios del Chaco S.A. (SEFECHA) (Chaco Railway Services), making SEFECHA , at the time, the only publicly owned commuter rail service in Argentina. SEFECHA currently carries nearly a million passengers a year and has contributed to

1665-421: The south can lead to frosts and temperatures that fall below freezing. Being under an area of high solar radiation during summer, a consequence is that a low pressure system forms over the province during summer. Humidity in the province is high due to its climate, particularly in the north, the wettest portion of the province. Most of the winds that transport humid air come from the north and east. Winters are

1710-635: The southern part of the Gran Chaco region, a vast lowland plain that covers territories in Argentina , Paraguay , and Bolivia . Chaco Province covers an area of 99,633 km (38,469 sq mi) and ranks as the twelfth largest Argentinian province. The highest ground in the province is also the most western, near the municipality of Taco Pozo , at an elevation of 272 m (892 ft) above sea level. The Paraná and Paraguay rivers separate Chaco province from Corrientes Province and

1755-526: The summer months. Mean annual temperatures range between 21 and 23 °C (70 and 73 °F), which decreases from north to south. Summers are hot with temperatures that can reach up to 38 to 41 °C (100 to 106 °F) in the eastern parts of the province. The western parts experience more variation in temperatures due continental influences; extreme temperatures in summer are more extreme with temperatures that frequently exceed 40 °C (104 °F). During winters, incursions of cold, polar air from

1800-579: The territory, forming columns and circling their prey. Jesuit missioner Pedro Lozano wrote in his book Chorographic Description of the Great Chaco Gualamba , published in Cordoba , Spain in 1733: "Its etymology indicates the multitude of nations that inhabit that region. When they go hunting, the Indians gather from many parts the vicuñas and guanacos ; that crowd is called chacu in

1845-526: Was established as the National University of Formosa in 1988. Located within the geographic coordinates 26° 22°30' south, and 57°30' 62°25' west, the plains run between the Bermejo and Pilcomayo Rivers with a slight inclination towards the southeast. Due to this flatness, riverbeds are not stable, and small lagoons that are slowly reabsorbed arise. The average annual temperature is 21 °C; during summer it can rise to 45 °C. The tropical weather

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1890-649: Was estimated to be US$ 4.397 billion in 2006, or US$ 4,467 per capita (half the national average and the third-lowest in Argentina). Chaco's economy is diversified, but its agricultural sector has suffered from recurrent droughts over the past decade. Agricultural development in Chaco is predominantly associated with the commercial growing of quebracho wood and cotton . Chaco currently produces 60% of Argentina's national cotton production. Agricultural food production accounts for 17% of Argentina's output. This includes crops such as soy , sorghum , and maize . Sugarcane

1935-402: Was founded in the area of the modern-day city of Resistencia , but it was abandoned fifteen years later. The Gran Chaco region remained largely unexplored, and uninhabited, by either Europeans or Argentines until the late 19th century, after numerous confrontations between Argentina and Paraguay during the War of the Triple Alliance . San Fernando was re-established as a military outpost, and

1980-560: Was renamed Resistencia in 1876. The Territorio Nacional del Gran Chaco was established in 1872. This territory, which included the current Formosa Province and lands presently inside Paraguay, was superseded by Territorio Nacional del Chaco upon its administrative division, in 1884. Between the end of the nineteenth and the first decades of the twentieth centuries, the province received a variety of immigrants, among them Volga Germans and Mennonites from Russia , Germany , and Canada . They, alongside other immigrants, transformed Chaco into

2025-524: Was used by Spanish sailors in the 16th century to describe the area where the Paraguay River makes a turn, right in front of the actual city. These sailors were searching for the legendary Sierra del Plata . Native inhabitants of these lands include the Pilagás , Wichis and Tobas , whose languages are still spoken in the province. Sebastian Cabot and Diego García de Moguer first explored

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