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97-485: Lewiston School District #1 is the school district in Lewiston , Idaho . It has seven elementary schools , two middle schools , one high school , and one alternative high school . Established 144 years ago in 1880 by the territorial legislature, the school district is the state's oldest; it preceded Idaho statehood by ten years. (grades 6–8) (grades K–5) This Idaho school-related article
194-404: A free African-American man as his valet, John Pernia. Pernia accompanied Lewis during his final journey, although his wages were considerably in arrears. After Lewis's death, Pernia continued to Monticello and asked Jefferson to pay the $ 240 owed, but he was refused. Pernia later committed suicide. On September 3, 1809, Lewis set out for Washington, D.C. . He hoped to resolve issues regarding
291-721: A day through each season. Every year, with cooperation from the city, Lewis-Clark State College hosts the Avista NAIA ;World Series for college baseball in May, and the Lewiston Round Up rodeo in September. The Lewiston Round Up is a member of the Big ;4 or Big Money 4 (along with Pendleton Round-Up , Walla Walla Fair and Rodeo, and Ellensburg Rodeo ) and a top 50 PRCA rodeo. Lewiston had
388-455: A father of those committed to his charge, yet steady in the maintenance of order & discipline, intimate with the Indian character, customs & principles, habituated to the hunting life, guarded by exact observation of the vegetables & animals of his own country, against losing time in the description of objects already possessed, honest, disinterested, liberal, of sound understanding and
485-406: A fidelity to truth so scrupulous that whatever he should report would be as certain as if seen by ourselves, with all these qualifications as if selected and implanted by nature in one body, for this express purpose, I could have no hesitation in confiding the enterprise to him. Jefferson wrote that Lewis had a "luminous and discriminating intellect". William Clark's first son Meriwether Lewis Clark
582-456: A monument over Lewis's grave in 1848. Lemuel Kirby, a stonemason from Columbia , Tennessee, chose the design of a broken column, commonly used at the time to symbolize a life cut short. An iron fence erected around the base of the monument was partially dismantled during the Civil War by Confederate detachments under General John Bell Hood marching from Shiloh toward Franklin; they forged
679-501: A monument over it, opened Lewis's grave. The commission wrote in its official report that though the impression had long prevailed that Lewis died by his own hand, "it seems to be more probable that he died by the hands of an assassin." In the book The History of the Lewis and Clark Expedition , first printed in 1893, the editor Elliott Coues expressed doubt about Thomas Jefferson's conclusion that Lewis committed suicide, despite including
776-670: A popular Northwest League professional baseball franchise from 1952 through 1974. The Lewis-Clark Broncs were affiliated with various major league parent clubs, including the Philadelphia Phillies , Kansas City Athletics , St. Louis Cardinals , Baltimore Orioles , and Oakland Athletics (or A's). A roster check in 1967 showed that 40% of the players and coaches of the Kansas City Athletics had been in Lewiston at one time or another. Reggie Jackson
873-615: A result of " midnight appointments " made by outgoing president John Adams in 1801. Meriwether was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1802. When Jefferson began to plan for an expedition across the continent, he chose Lewis to lead the expedition. Meriwether Lewis recruited Clark, then aged 33, to share command of the expedition. After the Louisiana Purchase in 1803, Thomas Jefferson wanted to get an accurate sense of
970-444: A scuffle, and someone calling for help. She claimed to see Lewis through the slit in the door crawling back to his room. She did not explain why she stopped investigating then or decided to send her children to look for his servants the following day. Another account claims the servants found him in the cabin, wounded and bloody, with part of his skull gone, where he lived for several hours. In her last account, three men followed him up
1067-590: A show and shine for collectible cars, followed by a night parade along Main Street. During the fall , a number of cottonwood trees release cotton-like clouds of seeds that blow through the air and streets, blanketing them with a snow-like cover. The town has a large Christmas festival that includes a number of lighted displays in the downtown area. At the site of what was originally the Johann D. C. Thiessen mansion and ranch, now Locomotive Park, so named because of
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#17327869800621164-514: A subspecies of the cutthroat trout , the westslope cutthroat trout ( Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi ). Also named after him in 1999, is Lewisiopsis tweedyi which is a flowering plant and sole species in genus Lewisiopsis (in the family Montiaceae ). In 2004, the American elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Lewis & Clark' (selling name Prairie Expedition ) was released by North Dakota State University Research Foundation in commemoration of
1261-691: A treatment facility in Lewiston. The Lewiston School District is Independent School District #1. Lewis-Clark State College is also the athletic home to the Warriors of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA); LCSC's Harris Field ballpark hosts the NAIA World Series , of which the Warriors have won 19 national titles in baseball ; the first sixteen were under head coach Ed Cheff . Lewiston's newspaper
1358-477: A trip marked by the alleged theft of the treasury from his steamship cabin. The territorial secretary departed southward for Boise to avoid the public outrage that was sure to erupt. North Idahoans were somewhat placated in 1889 when the University of Idaho was awarded to nearby Moscow , thirty miles (50 km) north, and began instruction in 1892. Lewiston State Normal School, now Lewis-Clark State College,
1455-551: Is Freedom Munitions LLC. Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories , based in Pullman , has a manufacturing facility in Lewiston. As the metropolitan hub of the Lewis-Clark Valley, Lewiston is the primary regional transportation, retail, health care, wholesale and professional services, and entertainment center. In 2017, the Lewiston, ID–Clarkston, WA metropolitan area had a gross metropolitan product of $ 2.5 billion. With
1552-567: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lewiston, Idaho Lewiston is a city and the county seat of Nez Perce County, Idaho , United States, in the state's north central region . It is the third-largest city in the northern Idaho region, behind Post Falls and Coeur d'Alene , and the twelfth-largest in the state. Lewiston is the principal city of the Lewiston, ID-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area , which includes all of Nez Perce County and Asotin County, Washington . As of
1649-559: Is only slightly higher in elevation than the river, about 741 ft (226 m), which was thirty feet (9 m) lower prior to the completion of the Lower Granite Dam . Away from downtown the terrain gains elevation quickly, as the steep riverbank highway of U.S. 95 north of Lewiston ascends to 2,756 feet (840 m). The lowest point in the state of Idaho is located on the Snake River in Lewiston, where it meets
1746-633: Is the Lewiston Morning Tribune , founded 132 years ago in 1892. The local television station is KLEW-TV , a CBS affiliate which signed-on December 7, 1955. Nonstop scheduled passenger airline service to Denver (DEN) via United Express , Salt Lake City (SLC) and Seattle-Tacoma (SEA) via Delta Connection is operated from the Lewiston - Nez Perce County Airport (LWS) with both air carriers operating regional jet aircraft on behalf of their respective major airline partners, United Airlines and Delta Air Lines . Because of
1843-654: Is the farthest inland port linked to the Pacific Ocean. The Lewiston-Nez Perce County Airport serves the city by air. Lewiston was founded in 1861 in the wake of a gold rush which began the previous year near Pierce , northeast of Lewiston. The city was incorporated by the Washington Territorial Legislature in January 1863. In March 1863, Lewiston became the first capital of the newly created Idaho Territory . Its stint as seat of
1940-663: Is the primary regional transportation, retail, health care, and entertainment center of the surrounding area and serves as a recreation destination for the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area . Lewiston is home to Lewis–Clark State College , a public undergraduate college. Community events in Lewiston include the Dogwood Festival, Hot August Nights, and the Lewiston Roundup. The Nimiipuu ( Nez Perce ) have inhabited
2037-510: The 2020 census , the population of Lewiston was 34,203, up from 31,894 in 2010. Lewiston is located at the confluence of the Snake River and Clearwater River , thirty miles (50 km) upstream and southeast of the Lower Granite Dam . Dams and locks on the Snake and Columbia Rivers make Lewiston reachable by some ocean-going vessels. The Port of Lewiston is Idaho's only seaport, and
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#17327869800622134-718: The Broad River in the Goosepond Community within the Broad River Valley in Wilkes County (now Oglethorpe County ). He was also the great-great-grandson of David Crawford , a prominent Virginia Burgess and militia colonel. Lewis had no formal education until he was 13 years old, but during his time in Georgia, he enhanced his skills as a hunter and outdoorsman. He would often venture out in
2231-501: The Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition . Among the early United States commemorative coins , they were produced in 1904 and 1905 and survived in relatively small numbers. The Lewis and Clark Expedition was celebrated on May 14, 2004, the 200th anniversary of its outset, by depicting the two on a hilltop outlook: two companion 37-cent USPS stamps showed portraits of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. A special 32-page booklet accompanied
2328-615: The Louisiana Territory ; he settled in St. Louis . Lewis's record as an administrator is mixed. He published the first laws in the Upper Louisiana Territory, established roads, and furthered Jefferson's mission as a strong proponent of the fur trade . He negotiated peace among several quarreling Indian tribes. His duty to enforce Indian treaties was to protect the western Indian lands from encroachment, which
2425-568: The Natchez Trace and then east to Washington (the Natchez Trace was the old pioneer road between Natchez , Mississippi, and Nashville , Tennessee). Robbers preyed on travelers on that road and sometimes killed their victims. Lewis had written his will before his journey and also attempted suicide on this journey, but was restrained. According to a lost letter from October 19, 1809, to Thomas Jefferson, Lewis stopped at an inn on
2522-743: The Southway Bridge into Clarkston. Lewiston experiences a semi-arid climate ( Köppen BSk ) with occasionally cold, but short, winters, mostly influenced by mild Pacific air, and hot, dry summers. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 35.2 °F (1.8 °C) in December to 75.8 °F (24.3 °C) in July; the temperature reaches 100 °F (38 °C) on 7.7 afternoons, 90 °F (32 °C) on 42 afternoons, and does not rise above freezing on 14 afternoons annually. The last year that Lewiston did not reach 100 °F (37.8 °C)
2619-527: The War Department refused to reimburse Lewis for a large sum he personally advanced for the mission. When Lewis's creditors heard that Lewis would not be reimbursed for the expenses, they called in Lewis's notes, forcing him to liquidate his assets, including land he was granted for the Lewis and Clark Expedition. One of the primary reasons Lewis set out for Washington on this final trip was to clear up questions raised by Bates and to seek reimbursement of
2716-457: The 1801 Natchez Trace was built by the U.S. Army under the direction of Lewis's mentor, Thomas Jefferson, during Lewis's lifetime). At first, the grave was unmarked. Alexander Wilson, an ornithologist and friend of Lewis who visited the grave in May 1810 during a trip to New Orleans to sell his drawings, wrote that he gave the innkeeper Robert Griner money to erect a fence around the grave to protect it from animals. The State of Tennessee erected
2813-653: The American concept of " manifest destiny " – the idea that the United States was destined to reach across North America from the Atlantic to the Pacific. After returning from the expedition, Lewis received a reward of 1,600 acres (6.5 km ) of land. He also initially made arrangements to publish the Corps of Discovery journals, but had difficulty completing his writing. In 1807, Jefferson appointed him governor of
2910-619: The Clearwater and flows west into Washington. The populated areas in Idaho with the lowest elevations are along (or near) the Clearwater River, from Lowell at 1,486 feet (453 m) to Lewiston. The heavily residential southern half of the city is referred to as "The Orchards". This area is much higher in elevation than downtown, at about 1,400 ft (425 m), and is named for the fruit orchards that previously covered
3007-655: The Corps of Discovery. On April 1, 1801, Lewis was appointed as Secretary to the President by President Thomas Jefferson , whom he knew through Virginia society in Albemarle County . Lewis resided in the presidential mansion and frequently conversed with various prominent figures in politics, the arts and other circles. He compiled information on the personnel and politics of the United States Army, which had seen an influx of Federalist officers as
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3104-629: The Lewis & Clark expedition's bicentenary; the tree has a resistance to Dutch elm disease . Geographic names that honor him include: Fort Clatsop was the encampment of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in the Oregon Country near the mouth of the Columbia River during the winter of 1805–1806. Located along the Lewis and Clark River at the north end of the Clatsop Plains approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) southwest of Astoria,
3201-475: The Lewis and Clark Expedition). A bronze bust of Lewis was dedicated at the Natchez Trace Parkway for a planned visitor center at the gravesite. The District of Columbia and governors of 20 states associated with the Lewis and Clark Trail sent flags flown over state capital buildings to be carried to Lewis's grave by residents of the states, acknowledging the significance of Lewis's contribution to
3298-598: The Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation, and the Daughters of the American Revolution , carried wreaths and led a formal procession to Lewis's grave. Samples of plants that Lewis discovered on the expedition were brought from the Trail states and laid on his grave. The 101st Airborne Infantry Band and its Army chaplain represented the U.S. Army. The National Park Service announced that it would rehabilitate
3395-589: The Lewiston Hill (technically, the Washington side, and specifically, in Whitman County, above Clarkston in Washington state), visible from nearly everywhere in the valley. The display consists of long strings of ordinary light bulbs, arranged in the shape of a star (Christmas) and a cross (Easter). The same strings of lights are used in both displays, which, when lit, are left burning 24 hours
3492-471: The Natchez Trace called Grinder's Stand , about 70 miles (110 km) southwest of Nashville on October 10. After dinner, he retired to his one-room cabin. In the predawn hours of October 11, the innkeeper's wife, Priscilla Griner , heard gunshots. Servants found Lewis badly injured from multiple gunshot wounds, one each to the head and gut. He bled out on his buffalo hide robe and died shortly after sunrise. The Nashville Democratic Clarion published
3589-413: The Natchez Trace, where he pulled his pistols and challenged them to a duel. She heard voices and gunfire in his cabin at about 1:00 am. She then found it empty with a large amount of gunpowder on the floor. Lewis's relatives maintained it was murder. A coroner's inquest held immediately after his death, as provided by local law, did not charge anyone with any crime. The jury foreman kept a pocket diary of
3686-836: The Pacific Coast by the United States. They reached the Pacific twelve years after Sir Alexander Mackenzie did overland in Canada. When they left Fort Mandan in April 1805 they were accompanied by the 16-year-old Shoshone woman, Sacagawea , the wife of the French-Canadian fur trader, Toussaint Charbonneau . The Corps of Discovery made contact with many Native Americans in the Trans-Mississippi West and found them accustomed to dealing with European traders and already connected to global markets. After crossing
3783-580: The Port of Lewiston has the distinction of being the most inland seaport east of the West Coast , and Idaho's only seaport. Also, along much of the Snake River is a system of levees to protect against flooding; most are maintained by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers . Meriwether Lewis Meriwether Lewis (August 18, 1774 – October 11, 1809) was an American explorer, soldier, politician, and public administrator, best known for his role as
3880-679: The Rocky Mountains, the expedition reached the Oregon Country (which was disputed land beyond the Louisiana Purchase) and the Pacific Ocean in November 1805. They returned in 1806, bringing with them an immense amount of information about the region as well as numerous plant and animal specimens. They demonstrated the possibility of overland travel to the Pacific Coast. The success of their journey helped to strengthen
3977-615: The account, which newspapers across the country repeated and embellished. The Nashville newspaper also reported that Lewis's throat was cut. Money that Lewis had borrowed from Major Gilbert Russell at Fort Pickering to complete the journey was missing. While Lewis's friend Thomas Jefferson and some modern historians have generally accepted Lewis's death as a suicide, debate continues, as discussed below. No one reported seeing Lewis shoot himself. Three inconsistent, somewhat contemporary accounts are attributed to Mrs. Griner, who left no written account or testimony. Some thus believe her testimony
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4074-645: The age of 89. The city's stint as a seat of the new territory's government was short-lived. As the gold rush quieted in northern Idaho, it heated up in a new mineral rush in southwestern Idaho , centered in Idaho City , which became the largest city in the Northwest in the mid-1860s. A resolution in late 1864 to have the capital moved from Lewiston to Boise was passed by the Idaho Territorial Legislature on December 7, six weeks before
4171-571: The area for thousands of years. The first people of European ancestry to visit the Lewiston area were members of the David Thompson expedition of 1803. Thompson was looking to establish fur trading posts for the Hudson's Bay Company of British North America (now Canada). Thompson established the first white settlement in Idaho, MacKenzie's Post. But it soon failed as the local Nez Perce tribe's men considered beaver trapping to be women's work,
4268-553: The area. Formerly unincorporated, it was annexed in late 1969, which nearly doubled the city's population and doubled the area of the city. There is little sign of any orchards today, although there is a wide proliferation of fruit trees in the backyards of many residences in this area of town. The Lewiston-Nez Perce County Airport is located on the western edge of the Orchards plateau at 1,438 feet (438 m) above sea level, with Bryden Canyon Road providing westbound access via
4365-404: The average family size was 2.88. In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.3% under the age of 18, 10.7% from 18 to 24, 26.7% from 25 to 44, 22.3% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.1 males. The median income for a household in the city
4462-550: The city of Lewiston, Washington Territory in 1862, and was joined by the present (and only) newspaper, the Lewiston Morning Tribune in September 1892. In March 1863 Lewiston became the capital of the newly created Idaho Territory . Thomas J. Beall, one of the first three white settlers in Lewiston, wrote many of the Lewiston Tribune ' s first articles, and continued to do so until his death at
4559-422: The city. The population density was 1,851.1 inhabitants per square mile (714.7/km ). There were 14,057 housing units at an average density of 815.8 per square mile (315.0/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 93.9% White , 0.3% African American , 1.7% Native American , 0.8% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 0.7% from other races , and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.8% of
4656-412: The city. The population density was 1,873.0 inhabitants per square mile (723.2/km ). There were 13,394 housing units at an average density of 811.8 per square mile (313.4/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 95.14% White, 0.30% African American, 1.59% Native American, 0.76% Asian, 0.08% Pacific Islander, 0.51% from other races, and 1.61% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.91% of
4753-482: The colonists. Lewis seems to have been a champion for them among his own people. While in Georgia, he met Eric Parker, who encouraged him to travel. At age 13, Lewis was sent back to Virginia for education by private tutors. His father's older brother Nicholas Lewis became his guardian. One of his tutors was Parson Matthew Maury, an uncle of Matthew Fontaine Maury . He joined the Virginia militia , and in 1794 he
4850-447: The confluence of the Snake River and Clearwater River made it a natural distribution point due to its seaport . The Port of Lewiston is Idaho's only seaport and is navigable for barges which transport grain, fuel, legumes, paper, lumber and other goods up and down the Columbia River and out to the Pacific Ocean. About ten percent of the United States' wheat exports transits through the port. The first barge went to Portland ; it
4947-399: The creation of their states. The 2009 ceremony at Lewis's grave was the final bicentennial event honoring the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Re-enactors from the Lewis and Clark Bicentennial participated, and official attendees included representatives from Jefferson's Monticello. Lewis and Clark descendants and family members, along with representatives of St. Louis Lodge #1, past presidents of
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#17327869800625044-660: The denied payment of drafts he had drawn against the War Department while serving as governor of the Upper Louisiana Territory, leaving him in potentially ruinous debt. Lewis carried his journals with him for delivery to his publisher. He intended to travel to Washington by ship from New Orleans, but changed his plans while floating down the Mississippi River from St. Louis . He disembarked and decided instead to make an overland journey via
5141-825: The expedition's journals for publication, repeated failure to find a wife, and the deterioration of his friendship with Thomas Jefferson. This refutation was countered by Dr. Eldon G. Chuinard, (physician), who argued for the murder hypothesis on the basis that Lewis's reported wounds were inconsistent with his reported two-hour survival after the shooting. This particular medical theory as well as other medical/psychological theories often cited by numerous Lewis authors (syphilis, malaria, alcohol abuse, mercury poisoning, PTSD, depression, et al.), have been explored by Dr. David J. Peck (physician) and Marti Peck, Ph.D. (psychologist) in their book So Hard to Die . Leading Lewis scholars Donald Jackson, Jay H. Buckley, Clay S. Jenkinson, and others have stated that, regardless of their leanings or beliefs,
5238-402: The facts of his death are not known, there are no eyewitnesses, and the reliability of reports of those in the place or vicinity cannot be considered certain. Author Peter Stark believes that post-traumatic stress disorder may have been a contributor to Meriwether Lewis's condition after spending months traversing hostile Indian territory, particularly because travelers coming afterward exhibited
5335-418: The festival. During and shortly after the festival these pink blossoms blow through yards and streets like drifts of snow. The festival also hosts the "Show and Shine" classic car show alongside the other attractions. During late summer, "Hot August Nights" takes place. This celebration includes concerts by popular 1950s to 1980s musicians, such as .38 Special , Eddie Money , and Loverboy . There's also
5432-780: The fifth National Monument in the South. In 2009, the Lewis and Clark Trail Heritage Foundation organized a commemoration for Lewis in conjunction with their 41st annual meeting from October 3–7, 2009. It included the first national memorial service at his gravesite. On October 7, 2009, near the 200th anniversary of Lewis's death, about 2,500 people (National Park Service estimate) from more than 25 states gathered at his grave to acknowledge Lewis's life and achievements. Speakers included William Clark's descendant Peyton "Bud" Clark, Lewis's collateral descendants Howell Bowen and Tom McSwain, and Stephanie Ambrose Tubbs (daughter of Stephen Ambrose , who wrote Undaunted Courage , an award-winning book about
5529-519: The former president's Memoir of Meriwether Lewis in his book. From 1993 to 2010, about 200 of Lewis's kin (through his sister Jane, as he had no children) sought to have the body exhumed for forensic analysis , to try to determine whether his death was a suicide or murder. A Tennessee coroner's jury in 1996 recommended exhumation. Since his gravesite is in a national monument, the National Park Service must approve. The agency refused
5626-449: The four dams on the lower Snake River. It was completed 49 years ago in 1975, creating a reservoir, Lower Granite Lake that stretches to Lewiston. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 18.04 square miles (46.72 km ), of which 17.23 square miles (44.63 km ) is land and 0.81 square miles (2.10 km ) is water. Downtown Lewiston, at elevations between 740 feet (230 m) and 780 feet (240 m),
5723-542: The iron into horseshoes. A September 1905 article in Everybody's Magazine called attention to Lewis's abandoned and overgrown grave. A county road worker, Teen Cothran, initiated opening a road to the cemetery. A local Tennessee Meriwether Lewis Monument Committee was soon formed to push for restoring Lewis's gravesite. In 1925, in response to the committee's work, President Calvin Coolidge designated Lewis's grave as
5820-399: The issue in eleven cities along the route taken by the Corps of Discovery. An image of the stamp can be found on Arago online at the link in the footnote. The plant genus Lewisia (family Portulacaceae ), popular in rock gardens and which includes the bitterroot ( Lewisia rediviva ), the state flower of Montana, is named after Lewis, as is Lewis's woodpecker ( Melanerpes lewis ) and
5917-751: The leader of the Lewis and Clark Expedition , also known as the Corps of Discovery , with William Clark . Their mission was to explore the territory of the Louisiana Purchase , establish trade with, and sovereignty over the natives near the Missouri River , and claim the Pacific Northwest and Oregon Country for the United States before European nations. They also collected scientific data and information on indigenous nations. President Thomas Jefferson appointed him Governor of Upper Louisiana in 1806. He died in 1809 of gunshot wounds, in what
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#17327869800626014-407: The middle of the night in the dead of winter with only his dog to go hunting. Even at an early age, he was interested in natural history, which would develop into a lifelong passion. His mother taught him how to gather wild herbs for medicinal purposes. In the Broad River Valley, Lewis first dealt with Native Americans. This was the traditional territory of the Cherokee , who resented encroachment by
6111-613: The money he had advanced for the territorial government. The U.S. government finally reimbursed the expenses to Lewis's estate two years after his death. Bates eventually became governor of Missouri. However, some historians have speculated that Lewis abused alcohol or opiates based upon an account attributed to Gilbert C. Russell at Fort Pickering on Lewis's final journey, Others have argued that Bates never alleged that Lewis suffered from such addictions and that Bates certainly would have used them against Lewis if Lewis suffered from those conditions. See List of Notable Freemasons Lewis
6208-424: The mouth of the Columbia River. They were honored with a 3-cent stamp on July 24, 1954, on the 150th anniversary. The 1803 Louisiana Purchase doubled the size of the United States. Lewis and Clark described and sketched its flora and fauna and described the native inhabitants they encountered before returning to St. Louis in 1806. Both Lewis and Clark appear on the gold Lewis and Clark Exposition dollars minted for
6305-400: The new land and its resources. The president also hoped to find a "direct and practicable water communication across this continent, for the purposes of commerce with Asia". In addition, Jefferson placed special importance on declaring U.S. sovereignty over the Native Americans along the Missouri River. The two-year exploration by Lewis and Clark was the first transcontinental expedition to
6402-440: The new territory's government was short-lived, inasmuch as a resolution to move the capital south to Boise was passed by the Idaho Territorial Legislature on December 7, 1864. Lewiston's main industries are agriculture, paper, and timber products, and light manufacturing. Ammunition manufacturing maintains a very important and growing presence in Lewiston, being the headquarters of ammunition makers CCI and Speer Bullet. The city
6499-433: The only significant tornado was an F2 in Lapwai on May 8, 1962. As of the 2020 census, there were 34,203 people, and 13,895 households in the city. The population density was 1,974.4 people per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 93.6% White , 0.1% African American , 0.9% Native American , 1.0% Asian , 0.0% Pacific Islander , and 3.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 5.0% of
6596-422: The population. 21.4% of the population were under 18, and 5.4% were under 5. 19.4% of the population was over 65. The gender makeup was 51.4% female, 48.6% male. The median household income was $ 60,581 in the city, and the per capita income was $ 33,255. 15.2% of the population were below the poverty line . As of the census of 2010, there were 31,894 people, 13,324 households, and 8,201 families residing in
6693-404: The population. There were 12,795 households, out of which 28.7% included children under the age of 18, 51.3% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.3% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% were a single person living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.36 and
6790-443: The population. There were 13,324 households, of which 27.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.0% were married couples living together, 10.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.4% were non-families. 30.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size
6887-431: The presence of Lewis–Clark State College , it is also a center for education and workforce training. Lewiston's economy is slowly diversifying, which has helped keep the economy stable. Lewiston serves as a recreation destination for the Hells Canyon National Recreation Area . In springtime, Lewiston hosts the Dogwood Festival. This celebration is named for the abundant dogwood trees that are in fragrant bloom during
6984-527: The proceedings, which disappeared in the early 1900s. When William Clark and Thomas Jefferson were informed of Lewis's death, both accepted the conclusion of suicide. Based on their positions and the lost Lewis letter of mid-September 1809, historian Stephen Ambrose dismissed the murder theory as "not convincing". The only doctor to examine Lewis's body did not do so until 40 years later, in 1848. The Tennessee State Commission, including Samuel B. Moore , charged with locating Lewis's grave and erecting
7081-661: The request in 1998, citing possible disturbance to the bodies of more than 100 pioneers buried nearby. In 2008, the Department of the Interior approved the exhumation, but rescinded that decision in 2010, stating that the decision is final. It is nonetheless improving the gravesite and visitor facility. Historian Paul Russell Cutright wrote a detailed rebuttal of the murder/robbery theory, concluding that it "lacks legs to stand on". He stressed Lewis's debts, heavy drinking, possible morphine and opium use, failure to prepare
7178-623: The retired locomotive Steam Engine 92 and Camas Prairie RR Caboose on display in the middle, large trees and pathways are decorated with lights from Thanksgiving to New Year's . These events are sponsored by the Chamber of Commerce , and the displays involved are typically quite impressive and often attract many visitors. During the Christmas and Easter seasons, the Lewiston Jaycees have two large lighted displays on
7275-430: The same symptoms. According to research from author Thomas Danisi, Lewis's self-inflicted gunshot wounds were not the result of murder or attempted suicide, but a combination of a severe malarial attack, a deranged state of mind, and intense pain. Lewis was buried near his place of death in present-day Hohenwald . His grave was located about 200 yards from Grinder's Stand , alongside the Natchez Trace (that section of
7372-540: The site. For many years, Lewis's legacy was overlooked, inaccurately assessed, and somewhat tarnished by his alleged suicide. Yet his contributions to science, the exploration of the Western U.S., and the lore of great world explorers, are considered incalculable. Four years after Lewis's death, Thomas Jefferson wrote: "Of courage undaunted, possessing a firmness & perseverance of purpose which nothing but impossibilities could divert from its direction, careful as
7469-467: The state boundary with Washington , while west-flowing Clearwater River defines the northern border of the city. At their confluence at the city's northwest corner, the lower Snake River turns west into Washington, and after passing four dams, empties into the Columbia River at Burbank . About Thirty miles (50 km) northwest of the city is the Lower Granite Dam , the last and upper-most of
7566-694: The system of locks and dams on the Columbia River such as the Lower Granite Dam, Lewiston is navigable by some ocean-going vessels and is the eastern terminus of Marine Highway M-84 of the United States Marine Highway Program which connects to the M-5 along the coast at Astoria, Oregon . At 465 miles (750 km) upstream of the Pacific Ocean (at the mouth of the Columbia River, adjacent to Astoria, Oregon),
7663-694: The team was shut down in Lewiston in January 1975, and resurfaced in June in southwestern Idaho as the Boise ;A's for two seasons. Lewiston is home to Lewis-Clark State College and the Lewiston School District ; the latter operates public secondary schools , which are Lewiston High School , Jenifer Middle School, and Sacajawea Middle School. The seven elementary schools are Whitman, Webster, Centennial, Orchards, Camelot, McGhee, and McSorley. The Northwest Children´s Home has
7760-487: The territorial legislature's session legally began, and after litigation, on a split decision decided by one vote on the territorial supreme court on geographic lines. Boise became the capital in 1866; the move was very unpopular in northern Idaho and in violation of a court order. So, the territorial governor, Caleb Lyon and the territorial secretary, secretly took the territorial seal, archives, and treasury, and fled from Lewiston. Lyon went down river to Portland, Oregon ,
7857-548: The tribe was migratory and apparently women thought they already had enough to do. This was followed by the Lewis and Clark Expedition in October 1805 . At the future townsite, they encountered settlements of the native Nez Perce, and they returned to the valley on their eastward trip from the Pacific in the spring of 1806. The town is believed to have been named after Meriwether Lewis and after Victor Trevitt's hometown of Lewiston, Maine , but people did not know that
7954-446: Was $ 36,606, and the median income for a family was $ 45,410. Males had a median income of $ 35,121 versus $ 22,805 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 19,091. About 8.4% of families and 12.0% of the population were below the poverty line , including 15.2% of those under age 18 and 6.5% of those aged 65 or over. Lewiston's economy has historically been driven by agriculture and manufacturing activity. Lewiston's location at
8051-438: Was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age in the city was 39.9 years. 21.5% of residents were under the age of 18; 10.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.8% were from 25 to 44; 25.6% were from 45 to 64; and 18.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.2% male and 50.8% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 30,905 people, 12,795 households, and 8,278 families residing in
8148-565: Was a Freemason , initiated, passed, and raised in the "Door To Virtue Lodge No. 44" in Albemarle, Virginia, between 1796 and 1797. On August 2, 1808, Lewis and several of his acquaintances submitted a petition to the Grand Lodge of Pennsylvania requesting dispensation to establish a lodge in St. Louis. Lewis was nominated and recommended to serve as the first Master of the proposed Lodge, which
8245-420: Was accused of undermining Lewis and seeking his dismissal and appointment as governor. Because of the slow-moving mail system, former president Jefferson and Lewis's superiors in Washington got the impression that Lewis did not adequately keep in touch with them. Bates wrote letters to Lewis's superiors accusing Lewis of profiting from a mission to return a Mandan chief to his tribe. Because of Bates' accusation,
8342-714: Was back in 1995. Precipitation averages 12.31 inches (31 cm) annually, including an average seasonal snowfall of 10.5 inches (27 cm). At 195 days, the growing season is relatively long, with the average window for freezing temperatures being October 23 thru April 10. The plant hardiness zone of Lewiston is 7b with some pockets of 8a. Temperatures below 0 °F (−18 °C) are quite rare. Extreme temperatures range from −23 °F (−31 °C) on December 13, 1919 to 117 °F (47 °C) on July 27, 1939. Tornadoes are very rare with only three tornadoes being reported in Nez Perce County since 1950, and
8439-489: Was either a murder or suicide. Meriwether Lewis was born August 18, 1774, on Locust Hill Plantation in Albemarle County , Colony of Virginia , in the present-day community of Ivy . He was the son of William Lewis, of Welsh ancestry, and Lucy Meriwether, of English ancestry. After his father died of pneumonia in November 1779, he moved with his mother and stepfather Captain John Marks to Georgia . They settled along
8536-483: Was established in 1893, as was another normal school or teacher education college, now defunct, in the south at Albion . These were the state's first three institutions of higher education. Lewiston was the site of the first public school in Idaho, in 1862. In December 1880, the district was the first to be chartered by the Legislature and thus carries the designation of Lewiston Independent School District #1. (Boise
8633-411: Was fabricated, while others point to it as proof of suicide. Mrs. Griner claimed Lewis acted strangely the night before his death: standing and pacing during dinner and talking to himself in the way one would speak to a lawyer, with face flushed as if it had come on him in a fit. She continued to hear him talking to himself after he retired, and then at some point in the night, she heard multiple gunshots,
8730-846: Was loaded with wheat and departed Lewiston on August 9, 1975. Lewiston's main industries are agriculture, the paper and timber products from the mill owned and operated by the Clearwater Paper Corporation (until December 2008, a part of the Potlatch Corporation ), and light manufacturing. Paper product manufacturer, Clearwater Paper is the largest employer in the manufacturing sector; its pulp and paper mill began operations in late 1950. Ammunition manufacturing maintains an important and growing presence in Lewiston. Ammunition maker CCI , and Speer Bullet (both now brands of Vista Outdoor ) are headquartered in Lewiston. Another ammunition company in Lewiston
8827-621: Was named after Lewis; the senior Meriwether Clark passed the name on to his son, Meriwether Lewis Clark, Jr. Captain Meriwether Lewis and Lieutenant (de facto co-captain and posthumously, officially promoted to captain in advance of the bicentennial) William Clark commanded the Corps of Discovery to map the course of the Missouri River to its source and the Pacific Northwest overland and water routes to and from
8924-445: Was opposed by the rush of settlers looking to open new lands for settlements. However, due to his quarreling with local political leaders, controversy over his approvals of trading licenses, land grant politics, and Indian depredations, some historians have argued that Lewis was a poor administrator. That view has been reconsidered in recent biographies. Lewis's primary quarrels were with his territorial secretary Frederick Bates . Bates
9021-461: Was perhaps the most famous Lewiston Bronc of all-time; Mr. October played twelve games for Lewiston at age 20 in 1966. The Broncs' rosters included Rick Monday , manager John McNamara , Vearl ("Snag") Moore, Thorton ("Kip") Kipper, Antonio Perez, Ron Koepper, Delmer Owen, Dick Green , Bud Swan, Bert Campaneris , John Israel, Dave Duncan , Al Heist, and as a player, later coach-manager Robert ("Gabby") Williams. After years of financial losses,
9118-481: Was second, opening school doors in 1865.) The City of Lewiston’s high reservoir failed on January 18, 2023. The failure caused flooding with the release of approximately three million gallons of water. Lewiston is located at the confluence of the Snake and Clearwater rivers. Immediately west of Lewiston is the smaller twin city of Clarkston, Washington . The north-flowing Snake River departs Hells Canyon and forms
9215-540: Was sent as part of a detachment that was involved in putting down the Whiskey Rebellion . In 1795, Lewis joined the United States Army , commissioned as an ensign—an army rank later abolished and equivalent to a modern-day second lieutenant. By 1800, he had risen to captain and ended his service there in 1801. Among his commanding officers was William Clark , who would later become his companion in
9312-473: Was the reason Trevitt shouted the idea out. He simply stated the "Journal of Lewis and Clark" talked about being in the valley. The town was founded 163 years ago in 1861, in the wake of a gold rush which began the previous year near Pierce , northeast of Lewiston leading to the Nez Perce War and the removal of Nez Perce. The first newspaper in present-day Idaho, The Golden Age , began publication in
9409-450: Was warranted as Lodge No. 111 on September 16, 1808. Although Lewis attempted to supervise enslaved people while running his mother's plantation before the westward expedition, he left that post and had no valet during the expedition, unlike William Clark, who brought his slave York . Lewis made assignments to York but allowed Clark to supervise him; Lewis also granted York and Sacagawea votes during expedition meetings. Later, Lewis hired
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