154-682: The Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institute (originally the Lee Strasberg Theatre Institute ) is an acting school founded in 1969 by actor, director, and acting teacher Lee Strasberg . The Institute is located in Union Square on East 15th Street, also known as Lee Strasberg Way, in New York City, New York . The school has a secondary campus located in Los Angeles, California. For more than 40 years,
308-457: A Manhattan workaholic and divorcee. Variety noted that she "demonstrates yet another aspect of her amazing range" and Time Out New York remarked that she gave "another performance of unnerving sureness". She won her second BAFTA Award for Best Actress in 1979 with The China Syndrome , about a cover-up of a vulnerability in a nuclear power plant . Cast alongside Jack Lemmon and Michael Douglas , in one of his early roles, Fonda played
462-700: A Primetime Emmy Award as well as nominations for a Grammy Award and two Tony Awards . Fonda also received the Honorary Palme d'Or in 2007, the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2014, and the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 2021, and is set to receive the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award in 2025. Born to socialite Frances Ford Seymour and actor Henry Fonda , she made her screen debut in
616-525: A U.S. Naval Academy plebe ritually shouted out "Goodnight, Jane Fonda!", the entire company of midshipmen plebes replied "Goodnight, bitch!" This practice has since been prohibited by the academy's Plebe Summer Standard Operating Procedures . In 2005, Michael A. Smith, a U.S. Navy veteran, was arrested for disorderly conduct in Kansas City, Missouri , after he spat chewing tobacco in Fonda's face during
770-556: A prostitute in the thriller Klute (1971) and the woman in love with a Vietnam war veteran in the drama Coming Home (1978). She was Oscar-nominated for They Shoot Horses, Don't They? (1969), Julia (1977), The China Syndrome (1979), On Golden Pond (1981), and The Morning After (1986). After a 15 year hiatus, she returned to acting in Monster-in-Law (2005), Youth (2015), and Our Souls at Night (2017). On stage, Fonda made her Broadway debut in
924-513: A "scathing portrait of Strasberg," but one that "can by no means be dismissed as a simple act of character assassination." Brustein, a critic, director, and producer, had previously made public his dislike of the method as a philosophy of acting. The play was produced by Brustein's American Repertory Theater in Cambridge, Massachusetts , and was later presented in Singapore . Strasberg is
1078-471: A North Vietnamese anti-aircraft gun ; the photo outraged a number of Americans, and earned her the nickname "Hanoi Jane". In her 2005 autobiography, she wrote that she was manipulated into sitting on the battery; she had been horrified at the implications of the pictures. In a 2011 entry at her official website, Fonda explained: It happened on my last day in Hanoi. I was exhausted and an emotional wreck after
1232-716: A book-signing event for her autobiography, My Life So Far . He told reporters that he "consider[ed] it a debt of honor", adding "she spit in our faces for 37 years. It was absolutely worth it. There are a lot of veterans who would love to do what I did." Fonda refused to press charges. In a 1988 interview with Barbara Walters , Fonda expressed regret for some of her comments and actions, stating: I would like to say something, not just to Vietnam veterans in New England, but to men who were in Vietnam, who I hurt, or whose pain I caused to deepen because of things that I said or did. I
1386-484: A brief speech of support for the Italian women's rights. Through her production company, IPC Films, she produced films that helped return her to star status. The 1977 comedy film Fun with Dick and Jane is generally considered her "comeback" picture. Critical reaction was mixed, but Fonda's comic performance was praised; Vincent Canby of The New York Times remarked, "I never have trouble remembering that Miss Fonda
1540-522: A certain place, there it goes, the drunkenness and the rest of it, as if, now that you've really made it, the incentive goes, and something happens which to me is just terrifying. I don't know what to do. ... The only answer possibly is that we somehow here find a way, a means, an organization, a plan [that] should really contribute to the theatre, so that there should not only be the constant stimulus to your individual development, which I think we have provided, but also that once your individual development
1694-496: A character in Names , Mark Kemble's play about former Group Theatre members' struggles during the blacklist era . In 2020, Google Arts & Culture , together with Giovanni Morassutti , an Italian actor who has deepened the study of The Method and long-time collaborator of John Strasberg, have created an online exhibition named Strasberg Legacy tracing the history of the realistic school of acting. Note: All works are plays and
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#17327901838801848-516: A clever, ambitious television news reporter. Vincent Canby , writing for The New York Times , singled out Fonda's performance for praise: "The three stars are splendid, but maybe Miss Fonda is just a bit more than that. Her performance is not that of an actress in a star's role, but that of an actress creating a character that happens to be major within the film. She keeps getting better and better." This role also earned her Oscar and Golden Globe nominations for Best Actress. The same year, she starred in
2002-562: A collective of creativity that was also a tangle of jealousies, love affairs, and explosive feuds." Playwright Arthur Miller said, "the Group Theatre was unique and probably will never be repeated. For a while it was literally the voice of Depression America." Co-founder Harold Clurman, in describing what Strasberg brought to the Group Theater, wrote: Lee Strasberg is one of the few artists among American theater directors. He
2156-554: A drama of male neuroticism and also invests his characterization 'with an unprecedented aura of verisimilitude.'" Acting teacher and author Alison Hodge explains, "Seemingly spontaneous, intuitive, brooding, 'private,' lit with potent vibrations from an inner life of conflict and contradiction, their work exemplified the style of heightened naturalism which (whether Brando agrees or not) Lee Strasberg devoted his life to exploring and promoting." Pamela Wojcik adds: Because of their tendency to substitute their personal feelings for those of
2310-575: A fifteen-year hiatus, she released two new fitness videos on DVD in 2010, aiming at an older audience. On May 3, 1983, she entered into a non-exclusive agreement with movie production distributor Columbia Pictures , whereas she would star in and/or produce projects under her own banner Jayne Development Corporation, and she would develop offices at The Burbank Studios, and the company immediately started after her previous office she co-founded with Bruce Gilbert, IPC Films shuttered down. On June 25, 1985, she renamed her production company, Fonda Films, because
2464-536: A major film success. She appeared in A Doll's House (1973), Steelyard Blues and The Blue Bird (1976). In the first, some critics felt Fonda was miscast, but her work as Nora Helmer drew praise, and a review in The New York Times opined, "Though the Losey film is ferociously flawed, I recommend it for Jane Fonda's performance. Beforehand, it seemed fair to wonder if she could personify someone from
2618-721: A mercurial neuroticism ... [T]he method-trained performers in films of the '50s added an enhanced verbal and gesture naturalism and a more vivid inner life. In 2012, Strasberg's family donated his library of personal papers to the Library of Congress . The papers include 240 boxes containing correspondence, rehearsal notes, photographs, theatrical drawings and posters, sketches of stage designs, and more. Lee Strasberg, his wife Paula , his daughter Susan , and his son John , all appear as characters in Robert Brustein 's 1998 play Nobody Dies on Friday , which one critic called
2772-597: A naturalized United States citizen on January 16, 1939, in New York City at the New York Southern District Court. Kazan biographer Richard Schickel described Strasberg's first experiences with the art of acting: He dropped out of high school, worked in a shop that made hairpieces, drifted into the theater via a settlement house company and ... had his life-shaping revelation when Stanislavski brought his Moscow Art Theatre to
2926-412: A new focus in her life. Her return to acting in a series of 'issue-driven' films reflected this new focus. Jane Fonda did an extraordinary job with her part. She is a splendid actress with a strong analytical mind which sometimes gets in her way, and with an incredible technique and control of emotion; she can cry at will, on cue, mere drops or buckets, as the scene demands ... I thought Jane well deserved
3080-596: A new kind of acting: for the first time, she was willing to alienate viewers, rather than try to win them over. Fonda's ability to continue to develop her talent is what sets her apart from many other performers of her generation. Fonda won her first Academy Award for Best Actress in 1971, playing a high-priced call girl , the gamine Bree Daniels, in Alan J. Pakula 's neo-noir psychological thriller Klute . Prior to shooting, Fonda spent time interviewing several prostitutes and madams. Years later, Fonda discovered that "there
3234-507: A personal memento mori." The role earned her a Tony nomination for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Play . Fonda played a leading role in the 2011 drama All Together , which was her first film in French since Tout Va Bien in 1972. The same year she starred alongside Catherine Keener in Peace, Love and Misunderstanding , playing a hippie grandmother. In 2012, Fonda began
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#17327901838803388-554: A program that some NSA officials have described as "disreputable if not downright illegal". Fonda's communications, as well as those of her husband, Tom Hayden , were intercepted by Britain's Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ). Under the UKUSA Agreement , intercepted data on Americans were sent to the U.S. government. On November 2, 1970, Fonda was arrested by authorities at Cleveland Hopkins International Airport on suspicion of drug trafficking . Her luggage
3542-627: A protest march on the home of university president Ferrel Heady. The protesters called themselves "They Shoot Students, Don't They?" – a reference to Fonda's recently released film, They Shoot Horses, Don't They? , which had just been screened in Albuquerque. In the same year, Fonda spoke out against the war at a rally organized by Vietnam Veterans Against the War (VVAW) in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania . She offered to help raise funds for VVAW and
3696-739: A recurring role as Leona Lansing, CEO of a major media company, in HBO's original political drama The Newsroom . Her role continued throughout the show's three seasons, and Fonda received two Emmy nominations for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series . In 2013, Fonda had a small role in the Lee Daniels directed racial drama The Butler inspired by the life and career of White House butler Eugene Allen . Fonda portrayed First Lady Nancy Reagan opposite Alan Rickman as United States President Ronald Reagan . Fonda stated that despite her political differences with Nancy she had no difficulty playing
3850-473: A regular lecture shortly after this accident, discussed Dean. The following are excerpts from a transcription of his recorded lecture: (In the middle of his lecture on another topic) To hell with it! I hadn't planned to say this, because I don't know how I'll behave when I say it; I don't think it will bother me. But I saw Jimmy Dean in Giant the other night, and I must say that— (he weeps) You see, that's what I
4004-705: A reputation with the Theater Guild of New York and helped form the Group Theater in New York in 1931. There, he created a technique that became known as "The Method" or " Method Acting ". His teaching style owed much to the Russian practitioner , Konstantin Stanislavski, whose book, An Actor Prepares (published in English in 1936), dealt with the psychology of acting. He began by directing, but his time
4158-525: A role, delve not only into the character's life in the play but also, "Far more importantly, into the character's life before the curtain rises. In rehearsal, the character's prehistory, perhaps going back to childhood, is discussed and even acted out. The play became the climax of the character's existence." In Elia Kazan's autobiography, the Academy Award –winning director wrote about his earliest memories of Strasberg as teacher: He carried with him
4312-553: A schoolmarm-turned-outlaw. This comedy Western received five Oscar nominations, with Lee Marvin winning best actor, and was one of the year's top ten films at the box office. It was considered by many to have been the film that brought Fonda to bankable stardom. The following year, she had a starring role in The Chase opposite Robert Redford , in their first film together, with two-time Oscar winner Marlon Brando . The film received some positive reviews, but Fonda's performance
4466-823: A strictly off-limits-to-outsiders policy, the Studio quickly earned a high reputation in theatre circles. "It became the place to be, the forum where all the most promising and unconventional young actors were being cultivated by sharp young directors." Actors who have worked at the studio include Julie Harris, Paul Newman, Joanne Woodward , Geraldine Page, Maureen Stapleton , Anne Bancroft, Dustin Hoffman , Patricia Neal , Rod Steiger , Mildred Dunnock , Eva Marie Saint , Eli Wallach, Anne Jackson , Ben Gazzara , Sidney Poitier , Karl Malden , Gene Wilder , Shelley Winters , Dennis Hopper , and Sally Field . The Emmy Award-winning author of Inside Inside , James Lipton , writes that
4620-734: A theoretician and teacher of this new 'system' it might become a major force in American theater. Strasberg eventually left the Clare Tree Major School to study with students of Stanislavski — Maria Ouspenskaya and Richard Boleslawski — at the American Laboratory Theatre . In 1925, Strasberg had his first professional appearance in Processional , a play produced by the Theater Guild. According to Schickel: What Strasberg ... took away from
4774-520: A year to try again. Martin Landau and Steve McQueen were the only two students admitted one year, out of 2000 candidates who auditioned. In describing his teaching philosophy, Strasberg wrote, "The two areas of discovery that were of primary importance in my work at the Actors Studio and in my private classes were improvisation and affective memory. It is finally by using these techniques that
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4928-607: Is Book Club: The Next Chapter , which she made in Italy. During the 1960s, Fonda engaged in political activism in support of the Civil Rights Movement , and in opposition to the Vietnam War . Fonda's visits to France brought her into contact with leftist French intellectuals who were opposed to war, an experience that she later characterized as "small-c communism". Along with other celebrities, she supported
5082-526: Is a fine dramatic actress but I'm surprised all over again every time I see her do comedy with the mixture of comic intelligence and abandon she shows here." Also in 1977, she portrayed the playwright Lillian Hellman in Julia , receiving positive reviews from critics. Gary Arnold of The Washington Post described her performance as "edgy, persuasive and intriguingly tensed-up," commenting further, "Irritable, intent and agonizingly self-conscious, Fonda suggests
5236-514: Is a firm, perfectly molded body that has become a multi-million-dollar industry." In 1991, after three decades in film, Fonda announced her retirement from the film industry. In 2005, she returned to the screen with the box office success Monster-in-Law , starring opposite Jennifer Lopez . Two years later, Fonda starred in the Garry Marshall -directed drama Georgia Rule alongside Felicity Huffman and Lindsay Lohan . Georgia Rule
5390-795: Is considered to be the "father of method acting in America," according to author Mel Gussow . From the 1920s until his death in 1982, "he revolutionized the art of acting by having a profound influence on performance in American theater and film." From his base in New York, Strasberg trained several generations of theatre and film notables, including Anne Bancroft , Dustin Hoffman , Montgomery Clift , James Dean , Marilyn Monroe , Jane Fonda , Julie Harris , Paul Newman , Ellen Burstyn , Al Pacino , Robert De Niro , Sally Field , Renee Taylor , Geraldine Page , Eli Wallach , and directors Andreas Voutsinas , Frank Perry , Elia Kazan and Michael Cimino . By 1970, Strasberg had become less involved with
5544-399: Is established, it should then actually contribute to the theatre, rather than to an accidental succession of good, bad, or indifferent things. But I am very, very scared that despite how strongly I feel, or despite how stimulated you become, nothing will be done. ... [A]nd we will just continue to get so caught up that in a strange way we do not really live our lives. ... To me that is
5698-542: Is really the problem of the Studio. In 1962, Marilyn Monroe died at age 36. At the time of her death, she was at the height of her career. In 1999, she was ranked the sixth-greatest female star of classic Hollywood cinema by the American Film Institute . Lee Strasberg gave the eulogy at her funeral. For us, Marilyn was a devoted and loyal friend—a colleague constantly reaching for perfection. We shared her pain and difficulties, and some of her joys. She
5852-469: Is the director of introverted feeling, of strong emotion curbed by ascetic control, sentiment of great intensity muted by delicacy, pride, fear, shame. The effect he produces is a classic hush, tense and tragic, a constant conflict so held in check that a kind of beautiful spareness results. The roots are clearly in the intimate experience of a complex psychology, an acute awareness of human contradiction and suffering. Strasberg, Kazan, Clurman, and others with
6006-469: The Chicago Sun-Times also praised Fonda's performance, even suggesting that the film should have been titled Bree after her character: "What is it about Jane Fonda that makes her such a fascinating actress to watch? She has a sort of nervous intensity that keeps her so firmly locked into a film character that the character actually seems distracted by things that come up in the movie." During
6160-473: The Actors Studio and Lee Strasberg told me I had talent. Real talent. It was the first time that anyone, except my father – who had to say so – told me I was good. At anything. It was a turning point in my life. I went to bed thinking about acting. I woke up thinking about acting. It was like the roof had come off my life!" Fonda's stage work in the late 1950s laid the foundation for her film career in
6314-551: The Alcatraz Island occupation by Indigenous Americans in 1969, which was intended to call attention to the failures of the government with regard to treaty rights and the movement for greater Indigenous sovereignty. She supported Huey Newton and the Black Panthers in the early 1970s, stating: "Revolution is an act of love; we are the children of revolution, born to be rebels. It runs in our blood." She called
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6468-476: The Group Theatre in 1931, which was hailed as "America's first true theatrical collective". In 1951, he became director of the nonprofit Actors Studio in New York City, considered "the nation's most prestigious acting school," and, in 1966, he was involved in the creation of Actors Studio West in Los Angeles. Although other highly regarded teachers also developed versions of "The Method," Lee Strasberg
6622-541: The Group Theatre , hailed as "America's first true theatrical collective," alongside fellow directors Harold Clurman and Cheryl Crawford . In 1951, he became director of the Actors Studio in New York City, considered "the nation's most prestigious acting school," and, in 1966, he was involved in the foundation of the Actors Studio West in Los Angeles. After almost five decades of teaching private classes and shepherding generations of actors toward success at
6776-596: The Human Rights Campaign released a video in tribute to the victims of the Orlando nightclub shooting ; in the video, Fonda and others told the stories of the people killed there. Fonda starred in her fourth collaboration with Robert Redford in the 2017 romantic drama film Our Souls at Night . The film and Fonda's performance received critical acclaim upon release. In 2018, she starred opposite Diane Keaton , Mary Steenburgen , and Candice Bergen in
6930-574: The Iraq War along with violence against women, and she describes herself as a feminist and environmental activist. Fonda has co-founded the Hollywood Women's Political Committee in 1984 and the Women's Media Center in 2005. Fonda is also known for her exercise tapes, starting with Jane Fonda's Workout (1982), which became the highest-selling videotape of its time. Jane Seymour Fonda
7084-646: The New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress and earned her first Academy Awards nomination for Best Actress . Fonda was very selective by the end of the decade, turning down lead roles in Rosemary's Baby and Bonnie and Clyde . In the seventies, Fonda enjoyed her most critically acclaimed period as an actress despite some setbacks for her ongoing activism. According to writer and critic Hilton Als , her performances starting with They Shoot Horses, Don't They? heralded
7238-457: The West Coast , aiming to establish a dialogue with soldiers about their upcoming deployments to Vietnam. The dialogue was made into a movie ( F.T.A. ) which contained strong, frank criticism of the war by servicemembers; it was released in 1972. Between 1965 and 1972, almost 300 Americans – mostly civil rights activists, teachers, and pastors – traveled to North Vietnam to see firsthand
7392-698: The Year of the Woman . Described by observers as carrying forward the same political goals as Fonda and Streisand, HWPC continued its activism through political setbacks of 1994 and 1996, finally dissolving in 1997. During their run, the HWPC was called "the single most-powerful entertainment group" in politics. On May 4, 1970, Fonda appeared before an assembly at the University of New Mexico , in Albuquerque, to speak on G.I. rights and issues. The end of her presentation
7546-468: The 1960s, and again in the 1980s. She died in New York on January 6, 2024, at the age of 84. 40°44′6.5″N 73°59′19.5″W / 40.735139°N 73.988750°W / 40.735139; -73.988750 Lee Strasberg Lee Strasberg (born Israel Strassberg ; November 17, 1901 – February 17, 1982) was an American theatre director, actor and acting teacher. He co-founded, with theatre directors Harold Clurman and Cheryl Crawford ,
7700-710: The 1960s. She averaged almost two movies a year throughout the decade, starting in 1960 with Tall Story , in which she recreated one of her Broadway roles as a college cheerleader pursuing a basketball star, played by Anthony Perkins . Period of Adjustment and Walk on the Wild Side followed in 1962. In Walk on the Wild Side , Fonda played a prostitute and earned a Golden Globe for Most Promising Newcomer . In 1963, she starred in Sunday in New York . Newsday called her "the loveliest and most gifted of all our new young actresses". However, she also had detractors – in
7854-513: The 1971–1972 awards season, Fonda dominated the Best Actress category at almost every major awards ceremony; in addition to her Oscar win, she received her first Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama , her first National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress and her second New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress. Between Klute in 1971 and Fun with Dick and Jane in 1977, Fonda did not have
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#17327901838808008-515: The 1980s, winning an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress for her portrayal of a Kentucky mountain woman in The Dollmaker (1984), and starring in the role of Dr. Martha Livingston in Agnes of God (1985). The following year, she played an alcoholic actress and murder suspect in the 1986 thriller The Morning After , opposite Jeff Bridges . In preparation for her role, Fonda modeled
8162-492: The 2-week visit ... The translator told me that the soldiers wanted to sing me a song. He translated as they sung. It was a song about the day 'Uncle Ho' declared their country's independence in Hanoi's Ba Dinh Square. I heard these words: 'All men are created equal; they are given certain rights; among these are life, Liberty and Happiness.' These are the words Ho pronounced at the historic ceremony. I began to cry and clap. 'These young men should not be our enemy. They celebrate
8316-491: The Actors Lab was a belief that just as an actor could be prepared physically for his work with dance, movement, and fencing classes, he could be mentally prepared by resort to analogous mental exercises. They worked on relaxation as well as concentration. They worked with nonexistent objects that helped prepare them for the exploration of equally ephemeral emotions. They learned to use "affective memory," as Strasberg called
8470-548: The Actors Studio and, with his third wife, Anna Strasberg , opened the Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institute with branches in New York City and in Hollywood, to continue teaching the 'system' of Konstantin Stanislavski , which he had interpreted and developed, particularly in light of the ideas of Yevgeny Vakhtangov , for contemporary actors. As an actor, Strasberg is best known for his portrayal of
8624-481: The Actors Studio as a nonprofit workshop for professional and aspiring actors to concentrate on their craft away from the pressures of the commercial theatre. Strasberg assumed leadership of the studio in 1951 as its artistic director. "As a teacher and acting theorist, he revolutionized American actor training and engaged such remarkable performers as Kim Hunter , Marilyn Monroe, Julie Harris, Paul Newman, Geraldine Page, Ellen Burstyn, and Al Pacino." Since its inception,
8778-425: The Actors Studio became "one of the most prestigious institutions in the world" as a result of its desire to set a higher "standard" in acting. The founders, including Strasberg, demanded total commitment and extreme talent from aspiring students. Jack Nicholson auditioned five times before he was accepted; Dustin Hoffman, six times; and Harvey Keitel, 11 times. After each rejection, a candidate had to wait as long as
8932-512: The Actors Studio, Strasberg established his own school in 1969, open to all those interested in learning The Method. Years later, a gift from his wife Anna Strasberg established the permanent homes of the Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institutes in both New York and Los Angeles. Anna Strasberg (April 16, 1939 – January 6, 2024), also known as Anna Mazraki , was a Venezuelan-born American actress and former artistic director of
9086-514: The Black Panthers "our revolutionary vanguard ... we must support them with love, money, propaganda and risk." She has been involved in the feminist movement since the 1970s and dovetails her activism in support of civil rights . Fonda and Barbra Streisand joined with ten other women in the entertainment industry of Greater Los Angeles to establish the Hollywood Women's Political Committee (HWPC) in 1984. The committee's initial goal
9240-477: The Group Theater spent the summer of 1936 at Pine Brook Country Club , located in the countryside of Nichols, Connecticut . They spent previous summers at various places in upstate New York and near Danbury, Connecticut. Amid internecine tensions, Strasberg resigned as director of the Group Theatre in March 1937. In 1947, Elia Kazan, Robert Lewis , and Cheryl Crawford, also members of the Group Theatre, started
9394-639: The Institute has held a partnership with New York University 's Tisch School of the Arts , where students can earn a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree. The Los Angeles campus also holds an Associate of Occupational Studies degree program. Until her January 2024 death, the Institute was under the artistic direction of Anna Strasberg , Lee Strasberg's widow. Students at the Lee Strasberg Theatre & Film Institute learn method acting , an acting technique created and developed by Strasberg. In 1931, Lee Strasberg co-founded
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#17327901838809548-472: The Method more recondite for their commercial advantage, consists of recalling the circumstances, physical and personal, surrounding an intensely emotional experience in the actor's past. It is the same as when we accidentally hear a tune we may have heard at a stormy or an ecstatic moment in our lives, and find, to our surprise, that we are reexperiencing the emotion we felt then, feeling ecstasy again or rage and
9702-565: The North Vietnamese to do: "Our government was lying to us and men were dying because of it, and I felt I had to do anything that I could to expose the lies and help end the war." In 2013, it was revealed that Fonda was one of approximately 1,600 Americans whose communications between 1967 and 1973 were monitored by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) as part of Project MINARET ,
9856-587: The Oscar she should have got. — Fred Zinnemann director of Julia (1977) In 1972, Fonda starred as a reporter alongside Yves Montand in Tout Va Bien , directed by Jean-Luc Godard and Jean-Pierre Gorin . The two directors then made Letter to Jane , in which the two spent nearly an hour discussing a news photograph of Fonda. At the time, while in Rome, she joined a feminist march on March 8 and gave
10010-728: The POWs showed these allegations to be false—the persons named had never met Fonda. In 1972, Fonda helped fund and organize the Indochina Peace Campaign , which continued to mobilize antiwar activists in the US after the 1973 Paris Peace Agreement , until 1975 when the United States withdrew from Vietnam. Because of her tour of North Vietnam during wartime and the subsequent rumors, resentment against her persists among some veterans and serving U.S. military. For example, when
10164-709: The Progressive Drama Club. He later joined the Chrystie Street Settlement House's drama club. Philip Loeb , casting director of the Theater Guild, sensed that Strasberg could act, although he was not yet thinking of a full-time acting career and was still working as a shipping clerk and bookkeeper for a wig company. When he was 23 years old, he enrolled in the Clare Tree Major School of the Theater. He became
10318-404: The Studio has been a nonprofit educational corporation chartered by the state of New York, and has been supported entirely by contributions and benefits. "We have here the possibility of creating a kind of theatre that would be a shining medal for our country," Strasberg said in 1959. UCLA acting teacher Robert Hethmon writes, "The Actors Studio is a refuge. Its privacy is guarded ferociously against
10472-410: The United States had been intentionally targeting the dike system along the Red River . Sweden's ambassador to Vietnam, however, observed the bomb damage to the dikes and described it as "methodic". Other journalists reported that the attacks were "aimed at the whole system of dikes". Columnist Joseph Kraft , who was also touring North Vietnam, said he believed the damage to the dikes was incidental and
10626-404: The United States in 1923. He had seen good acting before, of course, but never an ensemble like this with actors completely surrendering their egos to the work. ... [H]e observed, first of all, that all the actors, whether they were playing leads or small parts, worked with the same commitment and intensity. No actors idled about posing and preening (or thinking about where they might dine after
10780-471: The actor can do things in life quite easily, when he has to do the same thing on the stage under fictitious conditions, he has difficulty because he is not equipped as a human being merely to playact at imitating life. He must somehow believe. He must somehow be able to convince himself of the rightness of what he is doing in order to do things fully on the stage. According to film critic and author Mel Gussow , Strasberg required that an actor, when preparing for
10934-614: The actor can express the appropriate emotions demanded of the character." Strasberg demanded great discipline of his actors, as well as great depths of psychological truthfulness. He once explained his approach in this way: The human being who acts is the human being who lives. That is a terrifying circumstance. Essentially, the actor acts a fiction, a dream; in life, the stimuli to which we respond are always real. The actor must constantly respond to stimuli that are imaginary. And yet this must happen not only just as it happens in life, but [also] actually more fully and more expressively. Although
11088-402: The aura of a prophet, a magician, a witch doctor, a psychoanalyst, and a feared father of a Jewish home. He was the center of the camp's activities that summer, the core of the vortex. Everything in camp revolved around him. Preparing to direct the play that was to open the coming season, as he had the three plays of the season before, he would also give the basic instruction in acting, laying down
11242-415: The back, 'That's wonderful, dahling. Congratulations.' Those were the last words he ever said to me. ... Two days later, early in the morning, I was still asleep when the door to my bedroom opened. I woke up and saw my friend and assistant, Katherine Cortez, enter the room and walk toward me. ... 'We just got a call. Lee Strasberg died.' No, no, no, I wailed, over and over. 'I'm not ready,' and pulled
11396-411: The casual intruder, the seeker of curiousities, and the exploiter... The Studio helps actors to meet the enemy within... and contributes greatly to Strasberg's utterly pragmatic views on training the actor and solving his problems... [The Studio] is kept deliberately modest in its circumstances, its essence being the private room where Lee Strasberg and some talented actors can work." Strasberg wrote, "At
11550-456: The character on the starlet Gail Russell , who, at 36, was found dead in her apartment, among empty liquor bottles. Writing for The New Yorker , Pauline Kael commended Fonda for giving "a raucous-voiced, down-in-the-dirty performance that has some of the charge of her Bree in Klute , back in 1971". For her performance, she was nominated for yet another Academy Award for Best Actress . She ended
11704-465: The characters they were playing, Actors Studio performers were well suited to become Hollywood stars. ... In short, Lee Strasberg transformed a socialistic, egalitarian theory of acting into a celebrity-making machine. ... It does not matter who 'invented' Marlon Brando or how regularly or faithfully he, Dean, or Clift attended the Studio or studied the method at the feet of Lee Strasberg. In their signature roles—the most influential performances in
11858-427: The childish naiveté which was at once so shy and yet so vibrant. Lee Strasberg's first marriage was to Nora Krecaum from October 29, 1926, until her death three years later in 1929. In 1934, he married actress and drama coach Paula Miller (1909–1966) until her death from cancer in 1966. Lee and Paula were the parents of actress Susan Strasberg (1938–1999) and acting teacher John Strasberg (born 1941). His third wife
12012-429: The chorus line with The Rockettes . Actress Ellen Burstyn recalled that evening: Late in the evening, I wandered into the greenroom and saw Lee sitting next to Anna, watching the taping on the monitor. I sat next to him and we chatted a little. Lee wasn't one for small talk, so I didn't stay long. But before I got up, I said, 'Lee, I've been asked to run for president of Actors Equity.' He reached over and patted me on
12166-620: The co-lead in the Netflix series Grace and Frankie . She and Lily Tomlin played aging women whose husbands reveal they are in love with one another. Filming on the first season was completed in November 2014, and the show premiered online on May 8, 2015. The series concluded in 2022 after running for 7 seasons. In 2016, Fonda voiced Shuriki in Elena and the Secret of Avalor . In June 2016,
12320-504: The comedies Any Wednesday (1966), opposite Jason Robards and Dean Jones , and Barefoot in the Park (1967), again co-starring Redford. In 1968, she played the title role in the science fiction spoof Barbarella , which established her status as a sex symbol . In contrast, the tragedy They Shoot Horses, Don't They? (1969) won her critical acclaim and marked a significant turning point in her career; Variety wrote, "Fonda, as
12474-653: The course of her visit, Fonda visited American prisoners of war (POWs), and brought back messages from them to their families. When stories of torture of returning POWs were later being publicized by the Nixon administration, Fonda said that those making such claims were "hypocrites and liars and pawns", adding about the prisoners she visited, "These were not men who had been tortured. These were not men who had been starved. These were not men who had been brainwashed." In addition, Fonda told The New York Times in 1973, "I'm quite sure that there were incidents of torture ... but
12628-565: The covers over my head. I had told myself that I must be prepared for this, but I was not prepared. What was I to do now? Who would I work for when I was preparing for a role? Who would I go to when I was in trouble?. ... His memorial service was held at the Shubert Theater where A Chorus Line was playing. Lee's coffin was brought down the aisle and placed center stage. Everybody in the theater world came—actors, writers, directors, producers, and most, if not all of, his students. He
12782-567: The decade by appearing in Old Gringo . For many years Fonda took ballet class to keep fit, but after fracturing her foot while filming The China Syndrome , she was no longer able to participate. To compensate, she began participating in aerobics and strengthening exercises under the direction of Leni Cazden. The Leni Workout became the Jane Fonda Workout , which began a second career for her, continuing for many years. This
12936-403: The early 1920s. Young Strasberg took refuge in voracious reading and the companionship of his older brother, Zalmon, whose death in the 1918 influenza pandemic was so traumatic for the young Strasberg that, despite being a straight-A student, he dropped out of high school. A relative introduced him to the theatre by giving him a small part in a Yiddish -language production being performed by
13090-410: The emotion of the scene they were about to play. 'Take a minute!' became the watchword of that summer, the phrase heard most often, just as this particular kind of inner concentration became the trademark of Lee's own work when he directed a production. His actors often appeared to be in a state of self-hypnosis. In 1955 Strasberg student James Dean died in a car accident, at age 24. Strasberg, during
13244-522: The first time since 1963, playing Katherine Brandt in Moisés Kaufman 's 33 Variations . In a mixed review, Ben Brantley of The New York Times praised Fonda's "layered crispness" and her "aura of beleaguered briskness that flirts poignantly with the ghost of her spiky, confrontational screen presence as a young woman. For those who grew up enthralled with Ms. Fonda's screen image, it's hard not to respond to her performance here, on some level, as
13398-562: The following year, appearing in the comedies Better Living Through Chemistry and This is Where I Leave You . She voiced Maxine Lombard in the season 26 episode "Opposites A-Frack". a character on The Simpsons . She played an acting diva in Paolo Sorrentino 's Youth in 2015, for which she earned a Golden Globe Award nomination. She also appeared in Fathers and Daughters (2015) with Russell Crowe . Fonda appeared as
13552-455: The form of speed; she's always a little ahead of everybody, and this quicker beat – this quicker responsiveness – makes her more exciting to watch. This quality works to great advantage in her full-scale, definitive portrait of a call girl in Klute . It's a good, big role for her, and she disappears into Bree, the call girl, so totally that her performance is very pure – unadorned by "acting". She never stands outside Bree, she gives herself over to
13706-517: The future of the Studio, that a unified body of people should somehow be connected with a tangible, consistent, and continuous effort. That is the dream I have always had. That is what got me into theatre in the first place. That was the thing that got me involved in The Actors Studio ;... and now it becomes time to think a little bit more about our responsibility for that individual talent. ... I'm stuck. I don't know. And this
13860-515: The gun, and I sat down, still laughing, still applauding. It all had nothing to do with where I was sitting. I hardly even thought about where I was sitting. The cameras flashed ... It is possible that it was a set up, that the Vietnamese had it all planned. I will never know. But if they did I can't blame them. The buck stops here. If I was used, I allowed it to happen ... a two-minute lapse of sanity that will haunt me forever ... But
14014-406: The hell happens with it? The senseless destruction, the senseless waste, the hopping about from one thing to the next, the waste of the talent, the waste of your lives, the strange kind of behavior that not just Jimmy had, you see, but that a lot of you here have and a lot of other actors have that are going through exactly the same thing. ... As soon as you grow up as actors, as soon as you reach
14168-516: The history of American films—these three performers revealed new kinds of body language and new ways of delivering dialogue. In the pauses between words, in the language 'spoken' by their eyes and faces, they gave psychological realism an unprecedented charge. Verbally inarticulate, they were eloquent 'speakers' of emotion. Far less protective of their masculinity than earlier film actors, they enacted emotionally wounded and vulnerable outsiders struggling for self-understanding, and their work shimmered with
14322-519: The host Yvonne Orji , and fellow eulogy givers Chelsea Peretti , Megan Stalter , Dulcé Sloan , Aparna Nancherla , and X Mayo . It premiered on December 23, 2021. Fonda joined the cast of the 2023 film 80 for Brady , which pairs her with veteran actresses Lily Tomlin , Rita Moreno , and Sally Field . It also stars former NFL Quarterback, Tom Brady . She and Tomlin headline Paul Weitz 's black comedy Moving On , co-starring Malcolm McDowell and Richard Roundtree . Her third project for 2023
14476-405: The impulse to kill. The actor becomes aware that he has emotional resources; that he can awaken, by this self-stimulation, a great number of very intense feelings; and that these emotions are the materials of his art. ... Lee taught his actors to launch their work on every scene by taking a minute to remember the details surrounding the emotional experience in their lives that would correspond to
14630-720: The institute. In 1968, she married Lee Strasberg . Thanks to the will of Marilyn Monroe , of whom her predecessor Paula Strasberg was an acting coach together with her husband Lee, she inherited after Lee's death and took take care of the Marilyn Monroe Theater and the Marilyn Monroe Museum (at first it was a room of the Lee Strasberg Theater and Film Institute, which he personally curated). She had among her students Michel Altieri . Strasberg acted in some cinema and television films in
14784-647: The internal conflicts gnawing at a talented woman who craves the self-assurance, resolve and wisdom she sees in figures like Julia and Hammett." For her performance, Fonda won her first BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role , her second Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama, and received her third nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress. During this period, Fonda announced that she would make only films that focused on important issues, and she generally stuck to her word. She turned down An Unmarried Woman because she felt
14938-451: The largest crater observed." Second that "all the damaged sections of dikes are close to valid military-related targets", and not in areas that would cause the most damage to the dyke system. Thus the CIA argue that "A study of available photography shows conclusively that there has been no concerted and intentional bombing of North Vietnam's vital duke system." Fonda was photographed seated on
15092-409: The most controversial aspect of his teaching—summoning emotions from their own lives to illuminate their stage roles. ... Strasberg believed he could codify this system, a necessary precursor to teaching it to anyone who wanted to learn it. ... [H]e became a director more preoccupied with getting his actors to work in the "correct" way than he was in shaping the overall presentation. He gained
15246-544: The original name felt that it would sound like a real estate company. In 1990, she starred in the romantic drama Stanley & Iris (1990) with Robert De Niro , which was her last film for 15 years. The film did not fare well at the box office. Despite receiving mixed to negative reviews, Fonda's performance as the widowed Iris was praised by Vincent Canby , who stated, "Fonda's increasingly rich resources as an actress are evident in abundance here. They even overcome one's awareness that just beneath Iris's frumpy clothes, there
15400-410: The original productions, unless otherwise noted. Jane Fonda Jane Seymour Fonda (born December 21, 1937) is an American actress and activist. Recognized as a film icon, Fonda's work spans several genres and over six decades of film and television. She is the recipient of numerous accolades , including two Academy Awards , two British Academy Film Awards , seven Golden Globe Awards , and
15554-492: The part was not relevant. In 1978, Fonda was at a career peak after she won her second Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Sally Hyde, a conflicted adulteress in Coming Home , the story of a disabled Vietnam War veteran's difficulty in re-entering civilian life. Upon its release, the film emerged as a major commercial success with audiences and received positive reviews from critics; Ebert noted that her Sally Hyde
15708-405: The past; her voice, inflections, and ways of moving have always seemed totally contemporary. But once again she proves herself to be one of our finest actresses, and she's at home in the 1870s, a creature of that period as much as of ours." From comments ascribed to her in interviews, some have inferred that she personally blamed the situation on anger at her outspoken political views: "I can't say I
15862-456: The performance). More important, every actor seemed to project some sort of unspoken, yet palpable, inner life for his or her character. This was acting of a sort that one rarely saw on the American stage ... where there was little stress on the psychology of the characters or their interactions. ... Strasberg was galvanized. He knew that his own future as an actor—he was a slight and unhandsome man—was limited. But he soon perceived that as
16016-490: The photo exists, delivering its message regardless of what I was doing or feeling. I carry this heavy in my heart. I have apologized numerous times for any pain I may have caused servicemen and their families because of this photograph. It was never my intention to cause harm. Fonda made radio broadcasts on Hanoi Radio throughout her two-week tour, describing her visits to villages, hospitals, schools, and factories that had been bombed, and denouncing U.S. military policy. During
16170-543: The pilots who were saying it was the policy of the Vietnamese and that it was systematic, I believe that's a lie." Her visits to the POW camp led to persistent rumors that prisoners had been coerced into meeting with Fonda by the North Vietnamese with torture, which were repeated widely, and continued to circulate on the Internet decades later. Fonda, as well as the named POWs, have denied the rumors, and subsequent interviews with
16324-567: The play There Was a Little Girl (1960), for which she was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Play . In 2009, she returned to Broadway for the play 33 Variations (2009), earning a Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play nomination. For her work on television, she won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Actress in a Limited Series or Movie for the television film The Dollmaker (1984). She also
16478-426: The present day. It premiered on HBO on September 24, 2018. Fonda filmed the seventh and final season of Grace and Frankie in 2021, finishing production in November. The first four episodes premiered August 14, 2021, with the final 12 released on Netflix on April 29, 2022. In November 2021, it was announced Fonda would be in the second installment of Amazon Prime Video 's Yearly Departed . She appeared alongside
16632-933: The primary antagonist , the gangster Hyman Roth , alongside his former student Al Pacino in The Godfather Part II (1974), a role he took at Pacino's suggestion after Kazan turned down the role, and which earned him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . He also appeared in Going in Style (1979) and ...And Justice for All (1979). Lee Strasberg was born Israel Strassberg in Budzanów in Austrian Poland (part of Austria-Hungary , now in Ukraine ), to Jewish parents, Baruch Meyer Strassberg and his wife, Ida (born Chaia), née Diner, and
16786-512: The principles of the art by which the Group worked, the guides to their artistic training. He was the force that held the thirty-odd members of the theatre together, made them 'permanent.' He did this not only by his superior knowledge but by the threat of his anger. ... He enjoyed his eminence just as the admiral would. Actors are as self-favoring as the rest of humanity, and perhaps the only way they could be held together to do their work properly
16940-450: The role saying, "I am an actor, and I have no intention of allowing the political differences between us to color my portrayal of her. I will not be disrespectful." Todd McCarthy of The Hollywood Reporter wrote in his review, "the best cameo...comes from Jane Fonda, who is very good indeed as a gracious Nancy Reagan." Katey Rich of The Guardian agreed writing, "Fonda eerily transforms herself into Nancy Reagan". She had more film work
17094-404: The role, and yet she isn't lost in it—she's fully in control, and her means are extraordinarily economical. She has somehow got to a plane of acting at which even the closest closeup never reveals a false thought and, seen on the movie streets a block away, she's Bree, not Jane Fonda, walking toward us. There isn't another young dramatic actress in American films who can touch her. Roger Ebert of
17248-400: The romantic comedy Tall Story (1960). She rose to prominence acting in the comedies Cat Ballou (1965), Barefoot in the Park (1967), Barbarella (1968), Fun with Dick and Jane (1977), California Suite (1978), The Electric Horseman (1979), and 9 to 5 (1980). Fonda established herself as a dramatic actress, winning two Academy Awards for Best Actress for her roles as
17402-542: The romantic comedy film Book Club . Although opened to mixed reviews, the film was a major box office success grossing $ 93.4 million against a $ 10 million budget, despite releasing the same day as Deadpool 2 . Fonda is the subject of an HBO original documentary entitled Jane Fonda in Five Acts , directed by the documentarian Susan Lacy . Receiving rave reviews, it covers Fonda's life from childhood through her acting career and political activism and then to
17556-453: The same words Americans do.' The soldiers asked me to sing for them in return ... I memorized a song called 'Dậy mà đi' ["Get up and go"], written by anti-war South Vietnamese students. I knew I was slaughtering it, but everyone seemed delighted that I was making the attempt. I finished. Everyone was laughing and clapping, including me ... Here is my best, honest recollection of what happened: someone (I don't remember who) led me towards
17710-705: The same year, the Harvard Lampoon named her the "Year's Worst Actress" for The Chapman Report . Her next two pictures, Joy House and Circle of Love (both 1964), were made in France; with the latter, Fonda became one of the first American film stars to appear nude in a foreign movie. She was offered the coveted role of Lara in Doctor Zhivago , but turned it down because she didn't want to go on location for nine months. Fonda's career breakthrough came with Cat Ballou (1965), in which she played
17864-401: The studio, we do not sit around and feed each other's egos. People are shocked how severe we are on each other." Admission to the Actors Studio was usually by audition with more than a thousand actors auditioning each year and the directors usually conferring membership on only five or six. "The Studio was, and is sui generis ," said Elia Kazan, proudly. Beginning in a small, private way, with
18018-412: The then-new VCR in order to watch and perform the workout at home. The exercise videos were directed by Sidney Galanty, who produced the first video and 11 more after that. She would subsequently release 23 workout videos with the series selling a total of 17 million copies combined, more than any other exercise series. She released five workout books and thirteen audio programs, through 1995. After
18172-551: The two Fondas; they eventually became the first father-daughter duo to earn Oscar nominations (Jane earned her first Best Supporting Actress Oscar nomination) for their roles in the same film. On Golden Pond , which also starred four-time Oscar winner Katharine Hepburn , brought Henry Fonda his only Academy Award for Best Actor , which Jane accepted on his behalf, as he was ill and could not leave home. He died five months later. Both films grossed over $ 100 million domestically. Fonda continued to appear in feature films throughout
18326-473: The unremittingly cynical loser, the tough and bruised babe of the Dust Bowl , gives a dramatic performance that gives the film a personal focus and an emotionally gripping power." In addition, renowned film critic Pauline Kael , in her New Yorker review of the film, noted of Fonda: "[She] has been a charming, witty nudie cutie in recent years and now gets a chance at an archetypal character. Fonda goes all
18480-519: The war situation with the Vietnamese, believing that the news media in the United States predominantly provided a U.S. viewpoint. American travelers to North Vietnam were routinely harassed upon their return home. Fonda also visited Vietnam, traveling to Hanoi in July 1972 to witness firsthand the bombing damage to the dikes . After touring and photographing dike systems in North Vietnam, she said
18634-436: The way with it, as screen actresses rarely do once they become stars. She doesn't try to save some ladylike part of herself, the way even a good actress like Audrey Hepburn does, peeping at us from behind 'vulgar' roles to assure us she's not really like that. Fonda stands a good chance of personifying American tensions and dominating our movies in the seventies as Bette Davis did in the thirties." For her performance, she won
18788-497: The western adventure-romance film The Electric Horseman with her frequent co-star, Robert Redford . Although the film received mixed reviews, The Electric Horseman was a box office success, becoming the eleventh highest-grossing film of 1979 after grossing a domestic total of nearly $ 62 million. By the late 1970s, Motion Picture Herald ranked Fonda as Hollywood's most bankable actress. In 1980, Fonda starred in 9 to 5 with Lily Tomlin and Dolly Parton . The film
18942-467: Was "the kind of character you somehow wouldn't expect the outspoken, intelligent Fonda to play," and Jonathan Rosenbaum of the San Diego Reader felt that Fonda was "a marvel to watch; what fascinates and involves me in her performance are the conscientious effort and thought that seem to go into every line reading and gesture, as if the question of what a captain's wife and former cheerleader
19096-782: Was 12, her mother died by suicide while undergoing treatment at Craig House psychiatric hospital in Beacon, New York . Later that year, Henry Fonda married socialite Susan Blanchard , 23 years his junior; this marriage ended in divorce. Aged 15, Jane taught dance at Fire Island Pines, New York . Fonda attended Greenwich Academy in Greenwich, Connecticut ; the Emma Willard School in Troy, New York ; and Vassar College in Poughkeepsie, New York . Before her acting career, she
19250-541: Was Emmy-nominated for her roles in The Newsroom (2012–2014) and Grace and Frankie (2015–2022). Fonda was a political activist in the counterculture era during the Vietnam War . She was photographed sitting on a North Vietnamese anti-aircraft gun on a 1972 visit to Hanoi , during which she gained the nickname "Hanoi Jane". During this time, she was effectively blacklisted in Hollywood. Fonda protested
19404-506: Was a model and appeared twice on the cover of Vogue . Fonda became interested in the arts in 1954, while appearing with her father in a charity performance of The Country Girl at the Omaha Community Playhouse . After dropping out of Vassar, she went to Paris for six months to study art. Upon returning to the US, in 1958, she met Lee Strasberg ; the meeting changed the course of her life. Fonda said, "I went to
19558-457: Was a betrayal ... the largest lapse of judgment that I can even imagine." She later distinguished between regret over the use of her image as propaganda and pride for her anti-war activism: "There are hundreds of American delegations that had met with the POWs. Both sides were using the POWs for propaganda ... It's not something that I will apologize for." Fonda said she had no regrets about the broadcasts she made on Radio Hanoi, something she asked
19712-414: Was a giant of the theater and was deeply mourned. Those of us who had the great good fortune to be fertilized and quickened by his genius would feel the loss of him for the rest of our lives. In an 80th birthday interview, he said that he was looking forward to his next 20 years in the theater. According to friends, he was healthy until the day he died. "It was so unexpected," Al Pacino said. "What stood out
19866-428: Was a huge critical and box office success, becoming the second highest-grossing release of the year. Fonda had long wanted to work with her father, hoping it would help their strained relationship. She achieved this goal when she purchased the screen rights to the play On Golden Pond , specifically for her father and her. The father-daughter rift depicted on screen closely paralleled the real-life relationship between
20020-524: Was a member of our family. ... It is difficult to accept the fact that her zest for life has been ended by this dreadful accident. Despite the heights and brilliance she had attained on the screen, she was planning for the future. She was looking forward to participating in the many exciting things. In her eyes, and in mine, her career was just beginning. ... She had a luminous quality. A combination of wistfulness, radiance, and yearning that set her apart and made everyone wish to be part of it—to share in
20174-423: Was afraid of. [A long pause] When I got in the cab, I cried. ... What I cried at was the waste, the waste. ... If there is anything in the theatre to which I respond more than anything else—maybe I'm getting old, or maybe I'm getting sentimental—it is the waste in the theatre, the talent that gets up and the work that goes into getting it up and getting it where it should be. And then when it gets there, what
20328-654: Was being used as propaganda by Hanoi, and that, if the U.S. Air Force were "truly going after the dikes, it would do so in a methodical, not a harum-scarum way". Due to the publicity surrounding Fondas visit, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) assessed arial photography of the North Vietnamese dyke system leading to two conclusions: First that the North Vietnamese dyke system was incredibly robust, meaning it would be costly to attack and easy to repair. They note that "A crew of less than 50 men with wheelbarrows and hand tools probably could repair in one day
20482-416: Was blacklisted, but I was greylisted." However, in her 2005 autobiography, My Life So Far , she rejected such simplification. "The suggestion is that because of my actions against the war my career had been destroyed ... But the truth is that my career, far from being destroyed after the war, flourished with a vigor it had not previously enjoyed." She reduced acting because of her political activism providing
20636-575: Was born via caesarean section on December 21, 1937, at Doctors Hospital in New York City. Her parents were Canadian-born socialite Frances Ford Seymour and American actor Henry Fonda . According to her father, the surname Fonda came from an Italian ancestor who immigrated to the Netherlands in the 1500s. There, he intermarried; the resultant family began to use Dutch given names, with Jane's first Fonda ancestor reaching New York in 1650. Fonda also has English, French, and Scottish ancestry. She
20790-458: Was by the threat of an authority they respected. And feared. No one questioned his dominance—he spoke holy writ—his leading role in that summer's activities, and his right to all power. To win his favor became everyone's goal. His explosions of temper maintained the discipline of this camp of high-strung people. I came to believe that without their fear of this man, the Group would fly apart, everyone going in different directions instead of to where he
20944-423: Was considered one of the influences that started the fitness craze among baby boomers , then approaching middle age. In 1982, Fonda released her first exercise video, titled Jane Fonda's Workout , inspired by her best-selling book, Jane Fonda's Workout Book . Jane Fonda's Workout became the highest selling home video of the next few years, selling over a million copies. The video's release led many people to buy
21098-622: Was gradually taken up by the training of actors . Called "America's first true theatrical collective," the Group Theater immediately offered a few tuition-free scholarships for its three-year program to "promising students." Publishers Weekly wrote, "The Group Theatre ... with its self-defined mission to reconnect theater to the world of ideas and actions, staged plays that confronted social and moral issues ... with members Harold Clurman , Lee Strasberg, Stella, and Luther Adler, Clifford Odets , Elia Kazan, and an ill-assorted band of idealistic actors living hand to mouth are seen welded in
21252-497: Was how youthful he was. He never seemed as old as his years. He was an inspiration." Actress Jane Fonda said after hearing of his death, "I'm not sure I even would have become an actress were it not for him. He will be missed, but he leaves behind a great legacy." "Whether directly influenced by Strasberg or not," wrote acting author Pamela Wojcik, "the new male stars all to some degree or other adapted method techniques to support their identification as rebels.... He recreates romance as
21406-686: Was interred at Westchester Hills Cemetery in Hastings-on-Hudson, New York . A day before his unexpected death, he was officially notified that he had been elected to the American Theater Hall of Fame . His last public appearance was on February 14, 1982, at Night of 100 Stars in the Radio City Music Hall , a benefit for the Actors Fund of America . Along with Al Pacino and Robert De Niro , he danced in
21560-400: Was like a marriage, a melding of souls between this character and me, this woman that I didn't think I could play because I didn't think I was call girl material. It didn't matter." Upon its release, Klute was both a critical and commercial success, and Fonda's performance earned her widespread recognition. Pauline Kael wrote: As an actress, [Fonda] has a special kind of smartness that takes
21714-503: Was like became a source of endless curiosity and discovery for her." Her performance also earned her a third Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama as well, making this her second consecutive win. Also in 1978, she reunited with Alan J. Pakula to star in his post-modern Western drama Comes a Horseman as a hard-bitten rancher, and later took on a supporting role in California Suite , where she played
21868-482: Was met with a discomfiting silence until Beat poet Gregory Corso staggered onto the stage, drunk. He challenged Fonda, using a four-letter expletive: why hadn't she addressed the shooting of four students at Kent State by the Ohio National Guard, which had just taken place? In her autobiography, Fonda revisited the incident: "I was shocked by the news and felt like a fool." On the same day, she joined
22022-640: Was named for the third wife of Henry VIII , Jane Seymour , to whom she is distantly related on her mother's side, and because of whom, until she was in fourth grade, Fonda said she was called "Lady" (as in Lady Jane). Her brother, Peter Fonda , was also an actor, and her maternal half-sister is Frances de Villers Brokaw (also known as "Pan"), whose daughter is Pilar Corrias, the owner of the Pilar Corrias Gallery in London. In 1950, when Fonda
22176-418: Was needed, and he was fired up by his mission and its importance. Kazan described the classes taught by Strasberg: At his classes in the technique of acting, Lee laid down the rules, supervised the first exercises. These were largely concerned with the actor's arousing his inner temperament. The essential and rather simple technique, which has since then been complicated by teachers of acting who seek to make
22330-494: Was noticed by Variety magazine: "Jane Fonda, as Redford's wife and the mistress of wealthy oilman James Fox, makes the most of the biggest female role." She returned to France to make The Game Is Over (1966), often described as her sexiest film, and appeared in the August 1966 issue of Playboy , in paparazzi shots taken on the set. Fonda immediately sued the magazine for publishing them without her consent. After this came
22484-420: Was panned by critics, but A. O. Scott of The New York Times felt the film belonged to Fonda and co-star Lohan, before writing, "Ms. Fonda's straight back and piercing eyes, the righteous jaw line she inherited from her father and a reputation for humorlessness all serve her well here, but it is her warmth and comic timing that make Georgia more than a provincial scold." In 2009, Fonda returned to Broadway for
22638-461: Was pointing. ... I was afraid of him too. Even as I admired him. Lee was making an artistic revolution and knew it. An organization such as the Group – then in its second year, which is to say still beginning, still being shaped—lives only by the will of a fanatic and the drive with which he propels his vision. He has to be unswerving, uncompromising, and unadjustable. Lee knew this. He'd studied other revolutions, political and artistic. He knew what
22792-646: Was rewarded with the title of Honorary National Coordinator. That fall, Fonda started a tour of college campuses on which she raised funds for the organization. As noted by The New York Times , Fonda was a "major patron" of the VVAW. In 1971, Fonda, with Fred Gardner and Donald Sutherland formed the FTA tour ("Free The Army", a play on the troop expression "Fuck The Army"), an anti-war road show designed as an answer to Bob Hope 's USO tour. The tour, described as "political vaudeville " by Fonda, visited military towns along
22946-626: Was searched when she re-entered the United States after participating in an anti-war college speaking tour in Canada, and several small baggies containing pills were seized. Although Fonda protested that the pills were harmless vitamins, she was booked by police and then released on bond. Fonda alleged that the arresting officer told her he was acting on direct orders from the Nixon White House. As she wrote in 2009, "I told them what [the vitamins] were but they said they were getting orders from
23100-400: Was the former Anna Mizrahi (born April 16, 1939) and the mother of his two youngest children, Adam Lee Strasberg (born July 29, 1969) and David Lee Israel Strasberg (born January 30, 1971). Lee Strasberg suffered a fatal heart attack and died on February 17, 1982, in New York City, aged 80. With him at the time of his death at the hospital were his third wife, Anna, and their two sons. He
23254-486: Was the most horrible thing I could possibly have done. It was just thoughtless. In a 60 Minutes interview on March 31, 2005, Fonda reiterated that she had no regrets about her trip to North Vietnam in 1972, with the exception of the anti-aircraft-gun photo. She stated that the incident was a "betrayal" of American forces and of the "country that gave me privilege". Fonda said, "The image of Jane Fonda, Barbarella, Henry Fonda's daughter ... sitting on an enemy aircraft gun
23408-428: Was the youngest of three sons. His father emigrated to New York while his family remained in their home village with an uncle, a rabbinical teacher. His father, who worked as a presser in the garment industry, sent first for his eldest son and his daughter. Finally, enough money was saved to bring over his wife and his two remaining sons. In 1909 the family was reunited on Manhattan's Lower East Side, where they lived until
23562-487: Was to assist in the presidential campaign of Walter Mondale and his running mate Geraldine Ferraro . The Mondale–Ferraro ticket failed against incumbents Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush , but HWPC retrenched itself with a list of New Left political goals, and helped to turn the Senate Democratic in 1986. In 1992, HWPC helped to elect a record-breaking number of women legislators, an achievement called
23716-403: Was trying to help end the killing and the war, but there were times when I was thoughtless and careless about it and I'm very sorry that I hurt them. And I want to apologize to them and their families. ... I will go to my grave regretting the photograph of me in an anti-aircraft gun, which looks like I was trying to shoot at American planes. It hurt so many soldiers. It galvanized such hostility. It
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