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28-403: Leipzig zoo is internationally noted for its large building projects such as Pongoland (housing gorillas , chimpanzees , bonobos and orangutans ) and Gondwanaland (the world's second largest indoor rainforest hall at 1.65 ha or 4.1 acres). It has bred more than 2,000 lions , 250 rare Siberian tigers , and other carnivores like bears . Leipzig Zoological Garden has been called the "Zoo of

56-400: A dominant male. Bachelor males form separate herds. While reproductive groups tend to remain small, often containing no more than 10 adults, bachelor herds may contain as many as 50 males. They can run at 56 km/h (35 mph) per hour, often over steep and rocky terrain. They are also excellent swimmers. A guanaco's typical lifespan is 20 to 25 years. In Bolivia, the habitat of Guanacos

84-408: A shared habitat occupied by Grévy's zebras , Rothschild's giraffes , Thomson's gazelles , Nile lechwes and ostriches . Among the other animals are lions , hyena and the very popular meerkats . This area is scheduled to be redesigned to host a South American landscape with a large aquatic habitat will be opened for seals and penguins. Guanacos , flamingos and Chacoan peccaries are amongst

112-407: A single chulengo is born. Chulengos are able to walk immediately after birth. Male chulengos are chased off from the herd by the dominant male at around one year old. While not considered an endangered species in southern Argentina and Chile, dead guanacos are a common sight throughout this region where they are entangled on fences. Studies have found that annual yearling mortality on fences (5.53%)

140-522: A small extra fee) to gain a different perspective. Another rare animal living in Gondwanaland is the eastern quoll , a medium-sized carnivorous dasyurid marsupial native to Australia. One of the main attractions of this theme world are the Indian elephants . They have their own swimming pool, complete with a visitor gallery underneath. The critically endangered Chinese pangolin – almost extinct in

168-492: Is a camelid native to South America , closely related to the llama . Guanacos are one of two wild South American camelids; the other species is the vicuña , which lives at higher elevations. The guanaco gets its name from the Quechua word huanaco (modern spelling wanaku ). Young guanacos are called chulengos or "guanaquitos". Guanacos stand between 1.0 and 1.3 m (3 ft 3 in and 4 ft 3 in) at

196-479: Is found to be threatened by woody plant encroachment . Some guanacos live in the Atacama Desert , where in some areas it has not rained for over 50 years. A mountainous coastline running parallel to the desert enables them to survive in what are called "fog oases" or lomas . Where the cool water touches the hotter land, the air above the desert is cooled, creating a fog and thus water vapor. Winds carry

224-628: Is important for the survival of guanacos because they cannot easily hide in the open grasslands of the Altiplano. Natural predators of the guanaco include pumas and the culpeo or Andean fox. Fox predation was unknown until 2007 when predators began to be observed in the Karukinka Reserve in Tierra del Fuego. Scientists attribute this to the unfavourable climatic conditions on the island, which are causing food to become scarce, weakening

252-675: Is limited. Guanaco respond to forage availability, occupying zones with low to intermediate food availability in the breeding season and those with the highest availability in the non-breeding season. Estimates, as of 2016, place their numbers around 1.5 to 2 million animals: 1,225,000–1,890,000 in Argentina, 270,000–299,000 in Chile, 3,000 in Peru, 150–200 in Bolivia and 20–100 in Paraguay. This

280-618: Is only 3–7% of the guanaco population before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in South America. A small population introduced by John Hamilton exists on Staats Island in the Falkland Islands (Malvinas) , with a population of around 400 as of 2003. In Torres del Paine National Park, the numbers of guanacos increased from 175 in 1975 to 3,000 in 1993. Guanacos live in herds composed of females, their young, and

308-543: Is swallowed with little chewing and first enters the forestomach to be digested finally after rumination. This process is similar to that of ruminants, to which camels are not zoologically related. The camels' digestive system is likely to have developed independently of ruminants, which is evidenced by the fact that the forestomachs are equipped with glands. Guanacos are often found at altitudes up to 4,000 m (13,000 ft) above sea level, except in Patagonia , where

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336-748: The Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology the Wolfgang Köhler Primate Research Center is situated in Pogoland, operating in collaboration with the Leipzig Zoo. The research focuses on both behavior and cognition of the four species of great apes : chimpanzees , gorillas (in this case western lowland gorillas ), orangutans , and bonobos . There is a special focus on the ontogeny (origin and development) of chimpanzee cognition. When it

364-417: The shoulder , body length of 2.1 to 2.2 m (6 ft 11 in to 7 ft 3 in), and weigh 90 to 140 kg (200 to 310 lb). Their color varies very little (unlike the domestic llama ), ranging from a light brown to dark cinnamon and shading to white underneath. Guanacos have grey faces and small, straight ears. The lifespan of a guanaco can be as long as 28 years. Guanacos are one of

392-410: The animals. The absence of pumas on Tierra del Fuego is also believed to be a factor that allows the fox to occupy their ecological niche. Finally, it is believed that this behaviour is not new, as the fox is nocturnal, which makes any predation challenging to observe. Faced with the threat of the fox, guanacos resort to cooperative strategies to protect their young with a shield formation, a circle around

420-444: The fog across the desert, where cacti catch the water droplets and lichens that cling to the cacti soak it in like a sponge. Guanacos then eat the cactus flowers and the lichens. The guanaco is a diurnal animal. It lives in small herds consisting of one male and several females with their young. When the male detects danger, he warns the group by bleating. The guanaco can run up to 64 km/h (40 mph; 18 m/s). This speed

448-578: The future". It is ranked as the best zoo in Germany and also the second-best in Europe (after Vienna ). The Zoo Leipzig hosts six different theme worlds; the Founder's Garden, Gondwanaland, Asia, Pongoland, Africa and South America. Zoo director Prof. Dr. Jörg Junhold aimed to combine species conservation, with spacious compounds, which are as appropriate for the species kept within as possible. Additionally

476-446: The guanaco's soft wool is valued second only to that of vicuña wool . The pelts, particularly from the calves, are sometimes used as a substitute for red fox pelts, because the texture is difficult to differentiate. Like their domestic descendant, the llama, the guanaco is double-coated with coarse guard hairs and a soft undercoat, the hairs of which are about 16–18 μm in diameter and comparable to cashmere . Guanacos inhabit

504-551: The inhabitants (before reconstruction). Gorilla Too Many Requests If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below. Request from 172.68.168.226 via cp1108 cp1108, Varnish XID 203803625 Upstream caches: cp1108 int Error: 429, Too Many Requests at Thu, 28 Nov 2024 07:45:52 GMT Guanaco The guanaco ( / ɡ w ɑː ˈ n ɑː k oʊ / ghwuah- NAH -koh ; Lama guanicoe )

532-490: The largest terrestrial mammals native to South America today. Other terrestrial mammalian megafauna weighing as much or more than the guanaco include the tapirs , the marsh deer , the white-tailed deer , the spectacled bear , and the jaguar . Guanacos have thick skin on their necks, a trait also found in their domestic counterparts, the llama , and their relatives, the wild vicuña and domesticated alpaca . This protects their necks from predator attacks. Bolivians use

560-419: The massive greenhouse Gondwanaland opened comprising an area larger than two football pitches (16,500 square metres (178,000 sq ft)). It has its own tropical climate and hosts 170 exotic animal species and around 500 different plant species from Africa , Asia and South America . There is a treetop trail, with squirrel monkeys jumping around very closely. Visitors can also take a small open boat (for

588-500: The neck skin of these animals to make shoes , flattening and pounding the skin to be used for the soles. In Chile, hunting is allowed only in Tierra del Fuego , where the only population not classified as endangered in the country resides. Between 2007 and 2012, 13,200 guanacos were legally hunted in Tierra del Fuego. Like all camels, Guanacos are herbivores, grazing on grasses, shrubs, herbs, lichens, fungi, cacti, and flowers. The food

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616-413: The southerly latitude means ice covers the vegetation at these altitudes. Their blood is rich in red blood cells , enabling them to survive in the low oxygen levels found at these high altitudes. A teaspoon of guanaco blood contains about 68 million red blood cells, four times that of a human. Guanaco fiber is particularly prized for its soft, warm feel and is found in luxury fabric . In South America,

644-527: The steppes, scrublands and mountainous regions of South America . They are found in the altiplano of Peru , Bolivia and Chile , and in Patagonia , with a small population in Paraguay . In Argentina they are more numerous in Patagonian regions, as well as in places such as Isla Grande de Tierra del Fuego . In these areas, they have more robust populations, since grazing competition from livestock

672-586: The vulnerable. If they are successful, they chase the fox away, which would be impossible with a puma. When threatened, the guanaco alerts the rest of the herd with a high-pitched bleating sound, which sounds similar to a short, sharp laugh. The male usually runs behind the herd to defend them. Though typically mild-mannered, guanacos often spit when threatened, and can do so up to a distance of six feet. Mating season occurs between November and February, during which males often fight violently to establish dominance and breeding rights. Eleven-and-a-half months later,

700-421: The wild – also inhabits this part of the zoo. Until they finally received an appropriate environment in 2017, the snow leopards lived in „traditional cages“ like the panther Rainer Maria Rilke wrote about in 1902. The modern ape -world with spacious outdoor facilities was opened in 2001 and allows four species of primates to live in family groups. Besides that it hosts a research centre in cooperation with

728-403: The zoo offers educational tours to visitor groups and various special events. The Founder's Garden is located close to the entrance, partially in historical buildings. Besides the explorer's arch, which is also used for educational purposes this part of the zoo includes compounds displaying koalas since 2016 in the former ape house as well as a budgerigar aviary and primate islands. In 2010,

756-463: Was higher than adult mortality (0.84%) and was more frequent in ovine (93 cm high) than bovine (113 cm) fences. Most guanacos died entangled by their legs in the highest wire when trying to jump over the fence. Around 300 guanacos are in U.S. zoos, and around 200 are registered in private herds. Guanacos have long been thought to be the parent species of the domesticated llama , which was confirmed via molecular phylogenetic analysis in 2001, although

784-787: Was planned and constructed the Yerkes National Primate Research Center functioned as the role model for its creation. All of the primate species participate in the European Association of Zoos and Aquaria which is part of the EAZA Ex-situ Programme . Numerous young apes were born in Leipzig since Pogoland opened. One of the main attractions of the African area is the 25,000 m (270,000 sq ft) Kiwara Savannah,

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