A pen name or nom-de-plume is a pseudonym (or, in some cases, a variant form of a real name) adopted by an author and printed on the title page or by-line of their works in place of their real name.
99-413: Lemony Snicket is the pen name of American author Daniel Handler (born February 28, 1970). Handler has published various children's books under the name, including A Series of Unfortunate Events , which has sold over 60 million copies and spawned a 2004 film and Netflix TV series from 2017 to 2019 of the same name. Lemony Snicket also serves as the in-universe author who investigates and re-tells
198-496: A haigō (俳号). The haiku poet Matsuo Bashō had used two other haigō before he became fond of a banana plant ( bashō ) that had been given to him by a disciple and started using it as his pen name at the age of 36. Similar to a pen name, Japanese artists usually have a gō or art-name , which might change a number of times during their career. In some cases, artists adopted different gō at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. One of
297-541: A "back-translation" from English. The French usage is nom de guerre (a more generalised term for 'pseudonym'). Since guerre means 'war' in French, nom de guerre confused some English speakers, who "corrected" the French metaphor. This phrase precedes "pen name", being attested to The Knickerbocker , in 1841. An author may use a pen name if their real name is likely to be confused with that of another author or other significant individual. For instance, in 1899
396-511: A "secretarial school that isn't really a secretarial school", implying that she has found a V.F.D. training school. Her sixth letter is signed "Beatrice Baudelaire, Baticeer Extraordinaire." In the TV series, a preteen Beatrice Baudelaire II is portrayed by Angelina Capozzoli. After having been raised by the Baudelaires, she later encounters her uncle at Old Ed's Soda Shop to tell him what she and
495-401: A 200-page book explaining why the two could not be wed, something she could not have done had she believed Snicket to be dead. However, this may have been after he was revealed to be alive. This may contradict Ishmael's statement from The End that the ring was given to Beatrice then back to Lemony to Kit to Bertrand then back to Beatrice. Also, the newspaper article mentions Lemony's work as
594-542: A Swedish author of the 19th century, wrote under the name Ernst Ahlgren. The science fiction author Alice B. Sheldon for many years published under the masculine name of James Tiptree, Jr. , the discovery of which led to a deep discussion of gender in the genre. More recently, women who write in genres commonly written by men sometimes choose to use initials, such as K. A. Applegate , C. J. Cherryh , P. N. Elrod , D. C. Fontana , S. E. Hinton , G. A. Riplinger , J. D. Robb , and J. K. Rowling . Alternatively, they may use
693-509: A V.F.D.-run boarding school in his youth with several other characters from the series. He received later tuition at a V.F.D. headquarters in the Mortmain Mountains and was employed by a newspaper called The Daily Punctilio after graduation as an obituary spell-checker and theater critic. As a character, Snicket is a harried, troubled writer and photographer who is falsely accused of various felonies and continuously hunted by
792-461: A celebration at the V.F.D. headquarters on the day when Count Olaf failed to murder Beatrice. Count Olaf's acting troupe is a troupe of actors who follow Count Olaf as he hunts the Baudelaires. Few of them are given names. In the books, they are mostly referred to by descriptions. Along with Olaf, the members of the troupe often need to disguise themselves and use fake names, which are frequently anagrams of Count Olaf. Esmé Gigi Genevieve Squalor
891-518: A fire. His father was accidentally killed one night at the opera by a poison dart thrown by Beatrice Baudelaire that was meant for Esmé Squalor. As a result, he swore vengeance on Beatrice and the entire V.F.D. After some time wandering underground, Count Olaf was taken in as a student of the Man with a Beard But No Hair and the Woman with Hair But No Beard. The Baudelaire siblings, Violet, Klaus and Sunny, are
990-615: A fountain to cheer up Sunny. He was a childhood friend of Beatrice and a good friend of Dewey Denouement. As a member of V.F.D., Bertrand helped train the V.F.D. lions to become the Volunteer Feline Detectives. Count Olaf implies that Bertrand and Beatrice murdered Olaf's parents during an opera performance. At the beginning of the series, Bertrand dies in the fire that destroyed the Baudelaire Mansion. Before Violet's birth, Bertrand and Beatrice lived on
1089-485: A large cast of characters created by Daniel Handler under the pen name of Lemony Snicket . The original series follows the turbulent lives of the Baudelaire orphans, Violet , Klaus , and Sunny , after their parents are killed in an arsonous structure fire . It chronicles their multiple escapes from the murderous Count Olaf , and their discoveries of a connection of between both their late parents and Olaf and
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#17327877787641188-492: A pen name is used because an author believes that their name does not suit the genre they are writing in. Western novelist Pearl Gray dropped his first name and changed the spelling of his last name to Zane Grey because he believed that his real name did not suit the Western genre. Romance novelist Angela Knight writes under that name instead of her actual name (Julie Woodcock) because of the double entendre of her surname in
1287-544: A pen name may preserve an author's long-term anonymity . Pen name is formed by joining pen with name . Its earliest use in English is in the 1860s, in the writings of Bayard Taylor . The French-language phrase nom de plume is used as a synonym for "pen name" ( plume means 'pen'). However, it is not the French usage, according to H. W. Fowler and F. G. Fowler in The King's English , but instead
1386-454: A pseudonym. The name's similarity to Jiminy Cricket was "likely a Freudian slip ". Handler told NPR in an interview that "the character of Lemony Snicket, this man who speaks directly to the reader and also who is tangentially involved in the stories that he's telling is really more of a character. We just thought it would be fun to publish the books under the name of this character." Handler has also written or contributed to other works under
1485-475: A purple ribbon to keep it out of her face. When Violet was five years old, she won an invention contest with an "automatic rolling pin", which she made using a window shade and six pairs of roller skates. Violet also invented a new kind of pencil sharpener , built a telephone from scratch and created a device to soothe Sunny's teething pains. Klaus Baudelaire is the middle child of the Baudelaire siblings. He
1584-461: A secret organization called V.F.D. The author himself is also a character, playing a major role in the plot. Although the series is given no distinct location, other real people appear in the narrative, including the series' illustrator, Brett Helquist , and Daniel Handler himself. Count Olaf is the franchise's main antagonist and one of the primary characters. His name was chosen to suggest Scandinavian origin to add confusion and ambiguity about
1683-572: A spy from the Herpetological Society. Ultimately, Olaf murders Monty using snake venom and attempts to frame it as a snake bite. Although the children are able to reveal Olaf's true identity and how he murdered Monty, Olaf still manages to escape and remains at large at the end of the book. Monty also appears in some Snicket's other works and the broader universe of the series. Snicket's autobiography indicates that Uncle Monty's death may be partly attributable to his failure to learn
1782-460: A unisex pen name, such as Robin Hobb (the second pen name of novelist Margaret Astrid Lindholm Ogden ). A collective name , also known as a house name , is published under one pen name even though more than one author may have contributed to the series. In some cases, the first books in the series were written by one writer, but subsequent books were written by ghostwriters . For instance, many of
1881-489: Is Count Olaf 's girlfriend and the ex-wife of Jerome Squalor . Her name is a reference to the short story " For Esmé—with Love and Squalor " by J.D. Salinger . Esmé is distinguished by her very tall height and her obsession with high fashion . She often wears outlandish outfits that she considers stylish. Esmé first appears in The Ersatz Elevator , as "the city's sixth most important financial advisor", when
1980-487: Is a gifted reader and had read most of the books in the Baudelaire library before it burned down. His love of reading and research skills are often useful for foiling Count Olaf's. Klaus is twelve at the beginning of the series, turned thirteen while incarcerated for a brief period of time in The Vile Village , and fourteen by the last chapter of The End . Klaus is bespectacled in the books and TV series but not in
2079-505: Is described as an infant through much of the series. Although Sunny cannot walk until the end of the seventh book and speaks in idiosyncratic baby talk, she repeatedly demonstrates advanced problem solving skills, motor dexterity, comprehension, moral reasoning, and intelligence. She does, however have an expansive vocabulary of non-English words that can be translated by Violet, Klaus, and, occasionally, Lemony Snicket who despite giving meanings to most of Sunny's early language, chooses to define
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#17327877787642178-664: Is difficult to trace the authorship of many earlier literary works from India. Later writers adopted the practice of using the name of their deity of worship or Guru's name as their pen name. In this case, typically the pen name would be included at the end of the prose or poetry. Composers of Indian classical music used pen names in compositions to assert authorship, including Sadarang , Gunarang ( Fayyaz Ahmed Khan ), Ada Rang (court musician of Muhammad Shah ), Sabrang ( Bade Ghulam Ali Khan ), and Ramrang ( Ramashreya Jha ). Other compositions are apocryphally ascribed to composers with their pen names. Japanese poets who write haiku often use
2277-639: Is fourteen at the beginning of the series and turns fifteen in The Grim Grotto , and is sixteen upon leaving the Island in the last chapter of The End . Being the eldest Baudelaire, she is set to inherit the Baudelaire fortune upon turning eighteen. Brett Helquist's drawings indicate she has long, dark brown hair, and though her eye color is never specified, it is implied that her eyes are a different color than Klaus, who has brown eyes. When thinking and concentrating on new inventions, Violet ties her hair in
2376-427: Is known for his one eyebrow, gleaming eyes, and V.F.D. insignia tattoo, shaped like an eye, on his left ankle. He was once part of the secret organization of V.F.D. (Volunteer Fire Department) before helping to instigate a schism that split its members. He joined the fire-starting side of the organization and was known to have committed a wide assortment of arsons , among numerous other crimes, in his thirst to destroy
2475-469: Is known to have been an actress, a lion-tamer and a "baticeer" (bat trainer). Lemony Snicket was in love with Beatrice and they almost got married, but Beatrice married Bertrand instead, supposedly because she believed that Lemony was dead after his obituary appeared in The Daily Punctilio newspaper. Besides this, various other hints are dispensed throughout the series as to why she called off
2574-557: Is named. He sometimes wears fake hands on his hooks when putting on disguises. Although Fernald plays an important role in all the books as one of Olaf's henchmen, Fernald's history is only revealed in The Grim Grotto . He is the brother of Fiona and stepson of Captain Widdershins . He joined Olaf and left Captain Widdershins after burning down Anwhistle Aquatics and killing Gregor Anwhistle. In The Grim Grotto, Fiona convinces Fernald to betray Count Olaf and steal his submarine. In
2673-619: Is never specified to have met the children in the book series, in the Netflix adaptation of The Penultimate Peril he is confirmed as the taxi driver trying to take the children away from the hotel. As the series progresses, it becomes increasingly clear that Snicket had known the Baudelaire orphans' parents well through their connections to V.F.D. However, as mentioned in The Hostile Hospital and The End , despite all of Lemony's research and hard work, he still does not know
2772-562: Is not stated. Klaus and Sunny's name may have been inspired by the real story of Claus von Bülow , a businessman in New York, who was accused of attempting to murder his wife, Sunny von Bülow . Violet Baudelaire is the eldest of the three Baudelaire orphans, as well as the daughter of Beatrice and Bertrand Baudelaire and is uniquely gifted in inventing abilities. She uses these skills to help her younger brother Klaus and her baby sister Sunny escape from Count Olaf time and time again. Violet
2871-549: Is portrayed as an overly cautious woman who is afraid of everything, including doorknobs, radiators and realtors. She developed these fears after losing her husband, Isaac "Ike" Anwhistle , to the carnivorous Lachrymose leeches when he swam in Lake Lachrymose less than an hour after eating something. Aunt Josephine believes grammar is the greatest joy in life and has a personal library filled with books about grammar. Due to her irrational fears and obsession with grammar,
2970-543: Is provided by Tim Curry . In the Netflix series, Snicket is interpreted as a mysterious and omniscient narrator chronicling the events of the Baudelaire children, and is portrayed by Patrick Warburton . Within A Series of Unfortunate Events , the narrator Lemony Snicket is given his own backstory. He is said to have come from a family of three children. His brother Jacques (who was murdered in The Vile Village ) and sister Kit were V.F.D. members and friends of
3069-461: Is revealed that Esmé was also a member of VFD and indeed had even known the Baudelaire parents. She is keenly interested in finding the mysterious sugar bowl, which causes some minor rifts between her and Olaf. Her fate after the burning of Hotel Denounement is left unclear. In the Netflix TV series, Esmé is portrayed by Lucy Punch . She is said to be the original owner of the sugar bowl which
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3168-401: Is the father of Violet , Klaus and Sunny Baudelaire , the husband of Beatrice and a V.F.D. member. He trained under S. Theodora Markson, who was also Lemony Snicket 's chaperone during his early training. Markson often describes Bertrand as a model apprentice. Throughout the series, the children remember anecdotes about their father, such as him cooking at a dinner party, or splashing in
3267-432: Is the first guardian who treats the Baudelaire siblings with kindness and respect and as a result the children immediately warm up to him, despite finding him a little peculiar. The children's life with Monty is ruined when Count Olaf kills Monty's assistant, Gustav, and poses as his new assistant named Stephano. The children immediately see through Olaf's disguise and try to warn Monty, but Monty simply believes Stephano to be
3366-464: Is the first to bring the news of Bertrand and Beatrice's death to the Baudelaire children who were at Briny Beach. As executor of the Baudelaire estate, he interprets the will's instructions that the children "be raised in the most convenient way possible", meaning they should remain within the city limits, and arranges for their distant relative Count Olaf to take custody. When the Baudelaires contact Poe at Mulctuary Money Management to report Olaf's abuse,
3465-423: Is the late husband of Josephine Anwhistle and the brother of Gregor Anwhistle, making him a distant relative of the Baudelaire's mother, Beatrice Baudelaire . He was shown to have a courageous personality and had a love for grammar, like his wife. While on a picnic with his wife, Ike wanted to go swimming in Lake Lachrymose, though Josephine had warned him to wait an hour after eating, in order to avoid attracting
3564-416: Is voiced by Tim Curry . In the 2017 TV series, he is portrayed by Patrick Warburton who appears as the onscreen narrator. Arthur Poe is a banker at Mulctuary Money Management in charge of the Baudelaire and Quagmire fortunes and the Baudelaire orphans' guardianship. He is distinguished by a congenital cough, purblind demeanour, and general inefficacy in caring for the Baudelaire and Quagmire children. Poe
3663-462: The Bessie Bunter series of English boarding school stories, initially written by the prolific Charles Hamilton under the name Hilda Richards, was taken on by other authors who continued to use the same pen name. In some forms of fiction, the pen name adopted is the name of the lead character, to suggest to the reader that the book is an autobiography of a real person. Daniel Handler used
3762-490: The Baudelaire parents. Both Jacques and Kit appear as supporting characters in the books. He also knew Count Olaf in his early life, as the two attended school together. As a child, he was kidnapped and inducted as a " neophyte " into V.F.D., where he was trained in rhetoric and sent on seemingly pointless missions, while all connections were severed from his former life, apart from his siblings Jacques and Kit (who were also kidnapped and inducted). Consequently, Snicket attended
3861-440: The Baudelaire siblings themselves were taken from a variety of backgrounds to add confusion and ambiguity about the setting of the series. Violet was chosen because it sounded British, while Klaus and Sunny sounded German and American, respectively. The Baudelaire siblings all have fast-acting peppermint allergies. Daniel Handler has confirmed that the Baudelaires are Jewish, but whether they are ethnically and/or religiously Jewish
3960-596: The Baudelaires are placed in the care of the Squalors. Count Olaf appears disguised as an auctioneer named Gunther. Although the Baudelaires try to warn her, it is later revealed that she knew his true identity all along and was even assisting him in securing the Quagmire triplets. The book ends with Esmé and Count Olaf driving away together. From thereon, Esmé is a central character of the series, working closely with Count Olaf and commanding his troupe. In following books, it
4059-522: The Baudelaires from the Lachrymose Leeches which leads up to his plot that involved "The Marvelous Marriage". When Count Olaf's plot is exposed, everyone in the audience converges on Count Olaf as the constable arrests him. Although the judge decrees that Count Olaf be made to suffer every hardship he inflicted on the children before serving a life sentence, Count Olaf vanishes after a jury of his peers overturns his sentence. Count Olaf escapes in
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4158-430: The Baudelaires have been up to since leaving the island. She begins going into how she and the Baudelaires encountered "female Finnish pirates." The episode ends before she can reveal the rest of her information. Dr. Montgomery Montgomery , also called " Uncle Monty " by the Baudelaire children, is Bertrand Baudelaire's cousin's brother-in-law and Violet , Klaus , and Sunny 's second guardian . His sole appearance in
4257-529: The British politician Winston Churchill wrote under the name Winston S. Churchill to distinguish his writings from those of the American novelist of the same name . An author may use a pen name implying a rank or title which they have never actually held. William Earl Johns wrote under the name "Capt. W. E. Johns" although the highest army rank he held was acting lieutenant and his highest air force rank
4356-462: The Island on which the events of The End (novel) take place. They built it to be a safe haven for volunteers who were affected by the schism. Ishmael arrived soon thereafter and began questioning their decisions, eventually taking over the island and banishing the Baudelaires. The Baudelaires then moved into their mansion and the city. They had minimal contact with V.F.D. afterwards since Violet only has vague memories of them and Klaus none at all. In
4455-461: The Lachrymose Leeches. Ignoring Josephine, he only waited 45 minutes, which led to him being devoured by the Lachrymose Leeches, leaving Josephine traumatized and terrified of the lake. In the TV series, Ike is portrayed by the show's developer Barry Sonnenfeld . His picture was shown in Josephine's house in "The Wide Window". In "The Carnivorous Carnival", Ike made an appearance in a flashback at
4554-477: The Lemony Snicket persona that are not related to A Series of Unfortunate Events . He has stated "there's a chance some other matters may take up Mr. Snicket's attention, that he may research and publish, but I'm always wary of making such promises". Handler publishes most of his children's novels under the pen name, including the thirteen-book A Series of Unfortunate Events series , the four-book All
4653-458: The Manger , The Composer Is Dead , Horseradish: Bitter Truths You Can't Avoid , The Latke Who Couldn't Stop Screaming , The Lump of Coal , and 13 Words . In the 2004 film, Lemony Snicket is voiced by Jude Law while James Henderson plays him physically, who documents the events of the film on a typewriter from inside a clock tower . In the video game based on the film, his voice
4752-592: The Sebald Code. In the book Who Could That Be at This Hour? , Monty is mentioned by Hector in the final chapter. In the film adaptation, Montgomery Montgomery is portrayed by Billy Connolly . He is voiced by Bob Joles in the video game and played by Aasif Mandvi in the TV series. Josephine Anwhistle , also called Aunt Josephine , is Violet , Klaus and Sunny 's second cousin's sister-in-law , and becomes their guardian in The Wide Window . She
4851-505: The Sky, Parents Who Disappear in Peru, a Man Named Lars Farf, and One Other Story We Couldn't Quite Finish, So Maybe You Could Help Us Out , a 2005 McSweeney's short story compilation, has an introduction and unfinished short story attributed to Lemony Snicket. Snicket also wrote The Composer Is Dead , a murder mystery designed to introduce young readers to the instruments of the orchestra; it
4950-408: The TV series, Bertrand is portrayed by an unknown extra in season one and by Matthew James Dowden in season three. Beatrice Baudelaire II is the daughter of Kit Snicket, who dies after giving birth. The infant Beatrice is adopted by the Baudelaire orphans, hence the use of the surname Baudelaire. At age one, "she looks very much like her mother," according to Chapter Fourteen. The younger Beatrice
5049-643: The Wrong Questions series, The Baby in the Manger , The Composer Is Dead , Horseradish: Bitter Truths You Can't Avoid , The Latke Who Couldn't Stop Screaming , The Lump of Coal , and 13 Words . As Snicket, Handler wrote an introduction and endnotes for The Bears' Famous Invasion of Sicily by Dino Buzzati, his favorite children's book, that referenced A Series of Unfortunate Events . Noisy Outlaws, Unfriendly Blobs, and Some Other Things That Aren't as Scary, Maybe, Depending on How You Feel About Lost Lands, Stray Cellphones, Creatures from
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#17327877787645148-522: The Wrong Questions , specifically in Shouldn't You Be in School? , as an associate of Lemony Snicket . In the movie, Aunt Josephine is portrayed by Meryl Streep . In the video game adaptation, she is voiced by Donna Bullock and in the TV series she is played by Alfre Woodard . In the movie and TV series, Aunt Josephine is explicitly shown to be more courageous before Ike's death. Isaac "Ike" Anwhistle
5247-421: The aliases Mark Twain and Sieur Louis de Conte for different works. Similarly, an author who writes both fiction and non-fiction (such as the mathematician and fantasy writer Charles Dodgson, who wrote as Lewis Carroll ) may use a pseudonym for fiction writing. Science fiction author Harry Turtledove has used the name H. N. Turtletaub for some historical novels he has written because he and his publisher felt that
5346-454: The author of the Warriors novel series, is a collective pen name used by authors Kate Cary , Cherith Baldry , Tui T. Sutherland , and the editor Victoria Holmes . Collaborative authors may also have their works published under a single pen name. Frederic Dannay and Manfred B. Lee published their mystery novels and stories under the pen name Ellery Queen , which was also used to publish
5445-447: The author's gender, to distance the author from their other works, to protect the author from retribution for their writings, to merge multiple persons into a single identifiable author, or for any of several reasons related to the marketing or aesthetic presentation of the work. The author's real identity may be known only to the publisher or may become common knowledge. In some cases, such as those of Elena Ferrante and Torsten Krol ,
5544-455: The banker points out that Olaf is acting in loco parentis , and can raise them as he sees fit. However, when Olaf traps Sunny in a birdcage and attempts to force Violet to marry him during the play while exposing his plot, Poe invokes citizen's arrest just prior to Count Olaf's escape. Since then, Arthur Poe tries to find a suitable guardian to watch over the kids although is often quite unhelpful. The Baudelaires are unable to contact him after
5643-407: The biographer of the Baudelaires, so this particular article could not have been published until after Beatrice's death, which puts a damper on the idea that she read that particular article. She could, of course, have believed a completely different article about him (perhaps one accusing him of crimes he did not commit—Snicket makes frequent references to such articles and false information), sent him
5742-552: The book and the letter, then later when she had married Bertrand, discovered the truth and also believed him (for a time at least) to be dead for some reason—though again, it could not be the obituary that appears in the Daily Punctilio that convinces her of this, as that must appear after her death. When Kit Snicket nears death, she informs the Baudelaire children that "their families have always been close, even if they had to stay apart from one another". Bertrand Baudelaire
5841-647: The books is in The Reptile Room where he is introduced as a world-renowned herpetologist . In the TV series, Monty appears once again during a flashback scene in The Carnivorous Carnival: Part 1. Uncle Monty is described as a "fat, short, chubby man with a round red face". He discovered and named the Incredibly Deadly Viper, deliberately misnaming the otherwise gentle animal to prank his colleagues. Uncle Monty
5940-536: The books progress, Sunny grows out of infancy and develops a love for cooking. Lemony Snicket is the pen name of the American author Daniel Handler . Lemony is the in-universe author and narrator of the book series chronicling the lives of the Baudelaire children. Over the course of the series, it is revealed that Lemony has two other siblings, Jacques and Kit Snicket. All three siblings were inducted into V.F.D. at an early age and some of Lemony's childhood work for
6039-483: The cave and convince Aunt Josephine to come back to talk to Mr. Poe . As they are leaving, however, they are caught by Hurricane Hermann and Lachrymose leeches and are ultimately rescued by Olaf. Olaf almost lets Josephine go but pushes her overboard after she corrects his grammar. It is implied that she was eaten by the leeches just like her husband. Like many of the Baudelaire's other guardians, Josephine also appears in All
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#17327877787646138-533: The children struggle to fully acclimate with her. Count Olaf woos her disguised as a sea captain named Captain Sham. He later reveals himself to Josephine and forces her into writing a suicide note that leaves the children in his care. Aunt Josephine hides a message in her note in the form of grammatical mistakes. Klaus is able to decode the message which reveals Josephine is hiding in Curdled Cave. The children go
6237-552: The context of that genre. Romain Gary , who was a well-known French writer, decided in 1973 to write novels in a different style under the name Émile Ajar and even asked his cousin's son to impersonate Ajar; thus he received the most prestigious French literary prize twice, which is forbidden by the prize rules. He revealed the affair in a book he sent his editor just before committing suicide in 1980. A pen name may be shared by different writers to suggest continuity of authorship. Thus
6336-489: The course of the series, the Baudelaire siblings are forced to perform immoral acts, such as lying, stealing and arson, demonstrating one of the central themes of the series: the lack of clear division between 'good' and 'evil'. Snicket also explores this theme in All the Wrong Questions . The name Baudelaire was taken from the French poet Charles Baudelaire . One of his most famous works, Les Fleurs du mal , discusses finding beauty in otherwise grim circumstances. The names of
6435-430: The current location, position or status of the Baudelaire children. Additionally, it is unclear if he ever met them in the books. Snicket is frequently disparaging of himself; he has described himself as a coward , and at various points in his novels comments that he would not have been as brave as the Baudelaire children had he been in their situation. He also confesses that he has done things that were not noble, such as
6534-603: The end of the name (often marked by a graphical sign ـؔ placed above it) when referring to the poet by his full name. For example, Hafez is a pen-name for Shams al-Din , and thus the usual way to refer to him would be Shams al-Din Hafez or just Hafez . Mirza Asadullah Baig Khan (his official name and title) is referred to as Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib , or just Mirza Ghalib . Count Olaf The children's novel series A Series of Unfortunate Events and its film and television adaptations features
6633-480: The enigmatic twentieth-century novelist B. Traven has never been conclusively revealed, despite thorough research. A multiple-use name or anonymity pseudonym is a pseudonym open for anyone to use and these have been adopted by various groups, often as a protest against the cult of individual creators. In Italy, two anonymous groups of writers have gained some popularity with the collective names of Luther Blissett and Wu Ming . Wuxia novelist Louis Cha uses
6732-417: The events of The Vile Village however Poe is one of the few people to maintain the Baudelaires' innocence. In the 2004 film, Arthur Poe is portrayed by Timothy Spall . In the video game adaptation, he is voiced by Daniel Hagen and in the 2017 TV series, he is portrayed by K. Todd Freeman . Beatrice Baudelaire was the wife of Bertrand Baudelaire and the mother of Violet, Klaus and Sunny Baudelaire. She
6831-400: The film adaptation. He has black hair and brown eyes. Herman Melville is one of his favorite authors. He particularly enjoys "the way Melville dramatizes the plight of overlooked people, such as poor sailors or youngster, through his strange, often experimental philosophical prose", which sums up the theme of the series . Sunny Baudelaire is the youngest of the three Baudelaire orphans and
6930-541: The later books in The Saint adventure series were not written by Leslie Charteris , the series' originator. Similarly, Nancy Drew mystery books are published as though they were written by Carolyn Keene , The Hardy Boys books are published as the work of Franklin W. Dixon , and The Bobbsey Twins series are credited to Laura Lee Hope , although numerous authors have been involved in each series. Erin Hunter ,
7029-434: The main protagonists and three of the primary characters of the series. They are all described as "intelligent, charming, resourceful, and [having] pleasant facial features". The series begins with the siblings finding out their parents have died in a house fire and then proceeds to follow their tumultuous lives as they go from guardian to guardian with Count Olaf at their heels, attempting to get his hands on their fortune. Over
7128-444: The marriage. Since then, there have been many theories about it. According to Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography , Snicket was at one point mistakenly reported by the notoriously inaccurate Daily Punctilio as dead. In The Grim Grotto , Lemony makes reference to Captain Widdershins's having convinced Beatrice that a story in a newspaper was true, which could be the report of his death. The other evidence for her belief
7227-523: The most extreme examples of this is Hokusai , who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six. Manga artist Ogure Ito uses the pen name Oh! great because his real name Ogure Ito is roughly how the Japanese pronounce "oh great". A shâ'er ( Persian from Arabic, for poet) (a poet who writes she'rs in Urdu or Persian ) almost always has a "takhallus", a pen name, traditionally placed at
7326-459: The mother of Violet , Klaus , and Sunny Baudelaire , the protagonists of A Series of Unfortunate Events . Fourteen years thereafter, Beatrice and Bertrand were supposedly murdered in a house fire, leaving the Baudelaire children orphaned and then pursued by Snicket's former associate, Count Olaf . Snicket feels indebted to his former fiancée and embarks on a quest to chronicle the lives of the Baudelaire children until they become old enough to face
7425-517: The name "Publius" because it recalled the founder of the Roman Republic and using it implied a positive intention. In pure mathematics , Nicolas Bourbaki is the pseudonym of a group of mostly French-connected mathematicians attempting to expose the field in an axiomatic and self-contained, encyclopedic form. A pseudonym may be used to protect the writer of exposé books about espionage or crime. Former SAS soldier Steven Billy Mitchell used
7524-488: The organization and gain revenge over his former comrades. In the 2004 film and its video game adaptation, Olaf was portrayed by Jim Carrey with additional dialogue being provided by Robin Atkin Downes . Unlike in the books, Count Olaf loses custody of the Baudelaires after Mr. Poe sees that he "let Sunny drive" after a failed attempt to get them run over by a train. He does redeem himself to Mr. Poe when he rescues
7623-475: The organization is described in the series All the Wrong Questions . For Beatrice-- My love for you shall live forever. You, however, did not. – Lemony Snicket, Dedication in The Reptile Room Over the course of the series, it is also revealed Lemony was in love with and even engaged to the Baudelaires' mother, Beatrice Baudelaire. Their relationship came to an end when Lemony
7722-819: The original theft of the sugar bowl from Esmé Squalor . He implied he had a part in the murder of Count Olaf's parents, and that Beatrice was involved as well. In the narration of the books, Snicket describes doing many unusual things in his free time, including hiding all traces of his actions, locating new hiding places, considering suspicious dishes, and researching the perilous lives of the Baudelaire children. He claims to often write himself citations for bravery in an attempt to cheer himself up, but these attempts are always in vain. The name Lemony Snicket originally came from research from Handler's first book The Basic Eight . Handler wanted to receive material from organizations that he found "offensive or funny" but did not want to use his real name, so he invented "Lemony Snicket" as
7821-489: The pen name Gum Yoong (金庸) by taking apart the components of the Chinese character in his given name (鏞) from his birth name Cha Leung-yung (查良鏞). In Indian languages, writers may put a pen name at the end of their names, like Ramdhari Singh Dinkar . Some writers, like Firaq Gorakhpuri , wrote only under a pen name. In early Indian literature, authors considered the use of names egotistical. Because names were avoided, it
7920-416: The police and his enemies, the fire-starting side of the secret organization V.F.D. (Volunteer Fire Department). In the organization, he met and fell in love with an associate named Beatrice , to whom he got engaged. He was falsely accused of murder and arson. Eventually, the fallacies grew so much that The Daily Punctilio reported his death. Beatrice later moved on and married Bertrand Baudelaire , becoming
8019-419: The presumed lower sales of those novels might hurt bookstore orders for the novels he writes under his name. Occasionally, a pen name is employed to avoid overexposure. Prolific authors for pulp magazines often had two and sometimes three short stories appearing in one issue of a magazine; the editor would create several fictitious author names to hide this from readers. Robert A. Heinlein wrote stories under
8118-442: The pseudonym Andy McNab for his book about a failed SAS mission titled Bravo Two Zero . The name Ibn Warraq ("son of a papermaker") has been used by dissident Muslim authors. Author Brian O'Nolan used the pen names Flann O'Brien and Myles na gCopaleen for his novels and journalistic writing from the 1940s to the 1960s because Irish civil servants were not permitted at that time to publish political writings. The identity of
8217-419: The pseudonym George Sand . Charlotte , Emily , and Anne Brontë published under the names Currer, Ellis, and Acton Bell, respectively. French-Savoyard writer and poet Amélie Gex chose to publish as Dian de Jeânna ("John, son of Jane") during the first half of her career. Karen Blixen 's very successful Out of Africa (1937) was originally published under the pen name Isak Dinesen. Victoria Benedictsson ,
8316-731: The pseudonym Lemony Snicket to present his A Series of Unfortunate Events books as memoirs by an acquaintance of the main characters. Some, however, do this to fit a certain theme. One example, Pseudonymous Bosch , used his pen name just to expand the theme of secrecy in The Secret Series . Authors also may occasionally choose pen names to appear in more favorable positions in bookshops or libraries , to maximize visibility when placed on shelves that are conventionally arranged alphabetically moving horizontally, then upwards vertically. Some female authors have used pen names to ensure that their works were accepted by publishers and/or
8415-486: The pseudonyms of Anson MacDonald (a combination of his middle name and his then-wife's maiden name) and Caleb Strong so that more of his works could be published in a single magazine. Stephen King published four novels under the name Richard Bachman because publishers did not feel the public would buy more than one novel per year from a single author. Eventually, after critics found a large number of style similarities, publishers revealed Bachman's true identity. Sometimes
8514-460: The public. Such is the case of Peru's Clarinda , whose work was published in the early 17th century. More often, women have adopted masculine pen names. This was common in the 19th century when women were beginning to make inroads into literature but, it was felt they would not be taken as seriously by readers as male authors. For example, Mary Ann Evans wrote under the pen name George Eliot ; and Amandine Aurore Lucile Dupin, and Baronne Dudevant, used
8613-412: The same pseudonym; examples include T. H. Lain in fiction. The Australian fiction collaborators who write under the pen name Alice Campion are a group of women who have so far written The Painted Sky (2015) and The Shifting Light (2017). In the 1780s, The Federalist Papers were written under the pseudonym "Publius" by Alexander Hamilton , James Madison , and John Jay . The three men chose
8712-420: The setting of the series. He claims to be a distant relative of the Baudelaires, either their third cousin four times removed, or their fourth cousin three times removed. Olaf is a failing actor (though he claimed to have been considered for major acting awards) and is after the Baudelaire fortune. He and his acting troupe follow the children with dogged determination to obtain their inheritance and kill them. He
8811-491: The story of the Baudelaire orphans in A Series of Unfortunate Events. Snicket is also the subject of a fictional autobiography titled Lemony Snicket: The Unauthorized Autobiography . Further telling of Snicket's adventures can be found in the four-part children's series All the Wrong Questions , as well as a pamphlet titled 13 Shocking Secrets You'll Wish You Never Knew About Lemony Snicket (released in promotion of The End ) . Other works by Snicket include The Baby in
8910-464: The troubles of the world on their own. A library is like an island in the middle of a vast sea of ignorance, particularly if the library is very tall and the surrounding area has been flooded. – Lemony Snicket Lemony Snicket has charged himself with the task of researching and documenting the story of the Baudelaire orphans for "many personal and legal reasons". He traces their movements and collects evidence relating to their adventures. Though he
9009-427: The video game adaptation when the lights go out, while in a deleted scene of the film has him lifted by his acting troupe with a rope where he flees and swears he'll have the Baudelaire fortune. In the 2017 TV series , he is portrayed by Neil Patrick Harris . In flashbacks, it is shown that Count Olaf was engaged to Kit Snicket, his father was the chief of the city's official fire department, and his mother had died in
9108-454: The words as "meaning something like" rather than meaning an exact word or phrase. According to The Miserable Mill , one of her favourite words is "Aha!". By the last chapter of The End , she is speaking in full sentences. Sunny is frequently noted for strength of her teeth. While Violet and Klaus often use their respective talents of inventing and reading to solve their problems, Sunny is required on multiple occasions to use her sharp teeth. As
9207-491: The work of several ghostwriters they commissioned. The writers of Atlanta Nights , a deliberately bad book intended to embarrass the publishing firm PublishAmerica , used the pen name Travis Tea. Additionally, the credited author of The Expanse , James S. A. Corey , is an amalgam of the middle names of collaborating writers Daniel Abraham and Ty Franck respectively, while S. A. is the initials of Abraham's daughter. Sometimes multiple authors will write related books under
9306-612: Was flying officer . Authors who regularly write in more than one genre may use different pen names for each, either in an attempt to conceal their true identity or even after their identity is known. Romance writer Nora Roberts writes erotic thrillers under the pen name J. D. Robb (such books were originally listed as by "J. D. Robb" and are now titled "Nora Roberts writing as J. D. Robb"); Scots writer Iain Banks wrote mainstream or literary fiction under his own name and science fiction under Iain M. Banks; Samuel Langhorne Clemens used
9405-423: Was falsely accused of murder and arson, forcing Lemony to eventually fake his death. Nevertheless, he always loved Beatrice and, after learning of her death, dedicated his life to documenting the lives of her children. In the 2004 film, Lemony Snicket is voiced by Jude Law ; he is shown in silhouette writing the story on a typewriter inside a clock tower. In the video game adaptation and the multi-cast audiobook, he
9504-523: Was named after the Baudelaires' mother Beatrice , at Kit's request and in keeping with the tradition of naming children after deceased friends. In The Beatrice Letters , which is set ten years after the main series, she is the second Beatrice Baudelaire. She is searching for her uncle Lemony Snicket and for the Baudelaire orphans, who have apparently disappeared. She follows her uncle and writes him six letters. However, he constantly refuses to see her and actively runs from her. She writes that she attends
9603-527: Was previously produced as an orchestral work by the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra , with Handler narrating as Snicket, and a recording of the performance is to be included with every copy of the expanded book. In 2013, Snicket wrote the introduction to the 1989–1990 edition of Fantagraphics Books ' The Complete Peanuts series. Pen name A pen name may be used to make the author's name more distinctive, to disguise
9702-550: Was stolen from her by Lemony Snicket and Beatrice Baudelaire. It is revealed in The Penultimate Peril Pt. 2 that she was in fact friends with Beatrice and Lemony, but that they stole the sugar bowl from her, resulting in her fixation upon it. Fernald , commonly known as the Hook-Handed Man , is an assistant of Count Olaf who has hooks instead of hands. He is one of the few members of the troupe who
9801-506: Was that she had planned to name Violet 'Lemony' had she been a boy, in accordance with the family custom of naming a child after a dead friend. We can assume that Beatrice at one time believed that Snicket was dead. When Lemony was revealed to be alive, she had already married Bertrand and she could not marry him. However, in The Beatrice Letters , the reader is told that Beatrice returned Lemony's engagement ring and sent him
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