62-661: Little Shoal Bay is a bay of the Waitematā Harbour in Auckland , New Zealand. It is located on the North Shore , separating Birkenhead from Northcote . The Birkenhead and Northcote wharves are located at opposite sides of the bay. Little Shoal Bay is located on the North Shore , separating Birkenhead from Northcote , to the west of Shoal Bay . Halls Beach is found at Northcote in Little Shoal Bay. which
124-418: A Productivity Commission report calling for greater flexibility in the ports industry, and the need to compete with its nearest rival, Port of Tauranga . The International Transport Workers Federation (ITF) and International Longshore and Warehouse Union (ILWU) later became involved, warning that Ports of Auckland could be declared the world's first ' port of convenience '. Port workers in other parts of
186-477: A commitment to be Zero Emission by 2040 and recently signed a contract with Dutch company Damen Shipyards to buy the world's first full-size, fully electric port tug. The new tug, a Damen RSD-E Tug 2513 to be delivered in 2021, will have a 70 tonne bollard pull, the same as the port's strongest diesel tug Hauraki, also built by Damen. There is a second smaller port at Onehunga on the Manukau Harbour, on
248-589: A forested river valley and a flooded harbour. In periods of low sea level, a tributary ran from Milford into the Shoal Bay stream. This valley provided the harbour with a second entrance when sea levels rose, until the Lake Pupuke volcano plugged this gap. Approximately 17,000 years ago during the Last Glacial Period when sea levels were significantly lower, the river flowed north-east along
310-407: A mauri stone (a stone of Māori religious significance) called Te Mata, which was placed on Boat Rock (in the harbour south-west of Chatswood ) by Te Arawa chief Kahumatamomoe. A popular translation of Waitematā is "The Obsidian Waters", referring to obsidian rock ( matā ). Another popular translation, derived from this, is "The Sparkling Waters", as the harbour waters were said to glint like
372-674: A population of 84 at the 2018 New Zealand census , an increase of 60 people (250.0%) since the 2013 census , and an increase of 63 people (300.0%) since the 2006 census . There were no households. There were 60 males and 21 females, giving a sex ratio of 2.86 males per female. The median age was 25.5 years, with no people aged under 15 years, 54 (64.3%) aged 15 to 29, 21 (25.0%) aged 30 to 64, and 9 (10.7%) aged 65 or older. Ethnicities were 50.0% European/Pākehā, 10.7% Māori, 3.6% Pacific peoples, 39.3% Asian, and no other ethnicities (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities). The proportion of people born overseas
434-597: A port-of-convenience on 9 March. A protest march down Auckland's Queen Street was staged on 10 March, with turnout estimated between 2,000 and 5,000. In response, the Port issued a full-page letter in The Sunday Star-Times , arguing that the port workers earned on average $ 91,000 for a 26-hour working week. These figures have been disputed by the Maritime Union of New Zealand, which accused
496-589: A quay along Customs Street and a breakwater at Point Britomart . After the Auckland Harbour Board was established in 1871 by the council, further wharves were added and massive reclamation works were undertaken, eventually making Freemans Bay and Mechanics Bay lose their natural shoreline, while Commercial Bay (today the site of much of the Auckland CBD and the Auckland waterfront)
558-468: A soap and candle factory was established on Sulphur Beach, and other early industries included timber milling and kauri gum digging. In 1878, Auckland Chemical Works was established at Northcote, on the beach next to the brickworks. The factory processed sulphur from Moutohora Island in the Bay of Plenty , but was unprofitable, as the amount of sulphur estimated to be on the island was overestimated. In 1902,
620-545: A survey of industry leaders. According to an economic impact assessment, 173,000 jobs in the Auckland Region rely on trade through the ports and the ports affect a third of the local economy. Ports of Auckland is 100% held by the Auckland Council . Annual dividends to Auckland Regional Holdings and its predecessors in the 15 years to 2006 totalled NZ$ 500 million. Auckland's trade, by virtue of being
682-405: A waterfront village, apartments and shops in a style similar to Wynyard Quarter . The sale did not go through and in 2016 it was announced that the port would be sold to NZ Transport Agency (NZTA), which wanted to build an interchange for a $ 1.8 billion east–west motorway link on the land. It was claimed that NZTA had not yet finalised its plans for the interchange and any land remaining after it
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#1732798550834744-536: A year. On 30 June 2020, Ports of Auckland deployed a graphical planning solution. In August 2020 a falling container killed worker Pala'amo Kalati. A crane was lifting two containers, when a third container was accidentally lifted, and fell on Kalati. On 1 December 2023, Ports of Auckland was ordered to pay $ 561,000, along with $ 90,000 to Maritime New Zealand . There were also deaths in April 2022. On 7 May 2024, Mayor of Auckland Wayne Brown abandoned plans to sell
806-439: Is the location of Halls Beach. Le Roys Bush is an area of remnant native forest adjacent to Little Shoal Bay, which features an unnamed stream that flows into the bay. The traditional Tāmaki Māori name for Halls Beach is Onepoto , meaning "Short Beach"; a name which also referred to Sulphur Beach. The upper reaches of the bay were called Wai-manawa , referring to the mangroves that grew here. The southernmost shores of
868-505: The Auckland Harbour Bridge and Auckland Northern Motorway were opened in Auckland, crossing the Waitematā Harbour , to the south-east of Little Shoal Bay. In 1971, a seafood restaurant called Fisherman's Wharf was built by restaurateur Bob Sell, adjacent to Northcote wharf. While the restaurant closed two years later, the building is currently known as The Wharf, an events centre. There is a restaurant called Ariana on
930-716: The Rangitoto Channel , meeting the Mahurangi River to the east of Kawau Island . The resulting river flowed further north-east between modern day Little Barrier Island and Great Barrier Island , eventually emptying into the Pacific Ocean north of Great Barrier Island. The current shore is strongly influenced by tidal rivers, particularly in the west and north of the harbour. Mudflats covered by mangroves flourish in these conditions, and salt marshes are also typical. Prior to European settlement,
992-647: The Waitematā Harbour and the Manukau Harbour , and four freight hubs (inland ports), in South Auckland , Palmerston North , Mount Maunganui and the Waikato . The company employs the equivalent of 600 full-time staff and is in operation at all hours to allow for quick turnaround of cargo. The Port of Auckland is a large container and international trade port on the Waitematā Harbour, lying on
1054-520: The council-controlled organisation Eke Panuku Development Auckland also developed a framework plan to redevelop Auckland's waterfront. In late 2011, Ports of Auckland became engaged in an industrial dispute with workers represented by the Maritime Union of New Zealand , after negotiations broke down over the expiry of the existing collective contract, and plans by the port to contract out its services to casual workers. The company board cited
1116-529: The (now) largest city of an island colony nation, has to a large degree always depended on its harbours. Starting from the original wharves in Commercial Bay in the 1840s, and expanding via the land reclamation schemes that transformed the whole of the Auckland waterfront throughout the 19th and 20th centuries (and still continue today, especially at Fergusson Wharf), the port became the largest of New Zealand (and has been since at least 1924, incidentally
1178-543: The Birkenhead and Northcote Gas Company established a gasworks at Little Shoal Bay. By the 1920s, the gas works had become the biggest sole employer for the Northcote Borough, and in the 1950s the gasworks was shut down. Boatbuilder Jim Young established his first boatyard at Little Shoal Bay in Birkenhead in the 1940s. In May 2024 Kaipātiki Local Board voted to terminate the boatyard's licence. In 1959,
1240-666: The Harbour Board's computer system was broken into by a teenaged hacker . Although it was not the first hacking incident to be reported in New Zealand, it was one of the first to feature in a major TV news story. In 1988 the Auckland Harbour Board and operations of the port were corporatised and handed over to a newly formed company, Ports of Auckland, by Act of Parliament. The change in management increased productivity, but also led to substantial cuts in
1302-545: The Import and Freyberg Wharves opening in 1961, as well as the creation of the Overseas Passenger Terminal on Princess Wharf. During the late 1960s, the massive, deep-draught Fergusson Wharf was established to serve the beginning container trade. While finished in 1971, it took until 1973 for the first container vessel to arrive, though the general container trend was not to avoid the port. In 1985,
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#17327985508341364-543: The North end of Fergusson Container Terminal. The new cranes are the largest in New Zealand, weighing 2,100 tonnes each. Standing 114 m (374 ft) high with a 70 m (230 ft) boom length, they are capable of lifting four 20-foot (6.1 m) containers at once. They were bought to provide the necessary lifting capacity and reach for Post-Panamax ships. Each crane has enough solar panels on them to power an average New Zealand home. Ports of Auckland Limited has made
1426-514: The Port of having casualisation plans all along, and twisting its own figures in order to discredit the union. Auckland Mayor Len Brown refused to take sides in the dispute, garnering criticism from supporters, but offered to mediate in the dispute. In December 2012, the Port was fined NZD $ 40,000 by the Employment Relations Authority for deliberately employing strikebreakers during the dispute. In late 2013, it
1488-595: The Ports of Auckland on a long-term lease. Brown, Ports of Auckland chief executive Roger Gray and Maritime Union secretary Grant Williams signed an agreement for the Auckland Council to retain port lands, assets and operations. In addition the Ports agreed to return Captain Cook Wharf and Marsden Wharf to the Auckland Council, and to give the public greater access to Bledisloe Wharf. The Auckland Council and
1550-588: The United States arriving regularly. Though the Second World War collapsed the nascent tourist trade, the US entering the war in 1941 led to it basing a part of its fleet operations in Auckland, necessitating further expansion of the harbour facilities. In 1943 alone, 104 warships and 284 transports visited Auckland. During this time, 24/7 operations began. After the war, the expansion continued, with
1612-577: The bay were known as Okawau , referencing the Little black cormorant (kawau) that would congregate here. The Little Shoal Bay area was used for fishing and gathering shellfish, and was the location of kāinga , gardens, and a wāhi tapu . Te Onewa Pā was constructed at the Northcote headland to the south of Little Shoal Bay, was prized for its strategic location and view over the Waitematā Harbour , and protected fisheries and kūmara gardens of
1674-577: The central and eastern Auckland waterfront (north of and adjacent to the Auckland CBD ). The 55 hectares (140 acres) of wharves and storage areas (mostly for containers, cars and other large shipments) are almost exclusively situated on reclaimed land , mostly in the former Commercial Bay and Official Bay , and in Mechanics Bay . Wharves (from west to east) are: Three new large container cranes arrived in 2018 from Chinese firm Zhenhua Port Machinery Co. for NZ$ 20 million each, now installed at
1736-523: The country briefly downed tools in support of the striking Auckland workers, before being ordered to get back to work. On 7 March 2012, the Port announced that all striking dock workers would be made redundant. This prompted a strong response from the striking port workers, the Maritime Union of New Zealand , and its global affiliates in the ITF, ILWU and Maritime Union of Australia . The ITF's president, Paddy Crumlin, subsequently declared Ports of Auckland
1798-557: The directly employed workforce. In October 1993 20% of the shares were floated to the public on the New Zealand sharemarket when the Waikato Regional Council sold its stake. On 1 April 2005 Auckland Regional Holdings, part of the former Auckland Regional Council , which held the remaining 80% of shares in the company, made a takeover offer at $ 8 a share. This gave the company a value of $ 848 million. The bid
1860-403: The harbour offered good protection in almost all winds, and lacked dangerous shoals or major sand bars (like on the Manukau Harbour ) that would have made entry difficult. The harbour also proved a fertile area for encroaching development, with major land reclamation undertaken, especially along the Auckland waterfront , within a few decades of the city's European founding. Taking the idea of
1922-528: The harbour was the site of many Tāmaki Māori pā and kāinga , including Kauri Point in Chatswood , Okā at Point Erin, Te Tō at Freemans Bay , Te Ngahuwera, Te Rerenga-oraiti at Point Britomart , and Ōrākei . Herald Island and Watchman Island were both settled by the Waiohua confederation. The Waitematā Harbour was traditionally used as a fishery used by Tāmaki Māori for sharks and snapper . In
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1984-572: The harbour, notable among them the Devonport Naval Base , and the accompanying Kauri Point Armament Depot at Birkenhead , and the Chelsea Sugar Refinery wharf, all capable of taking ships over 500 gross register tons (GRT). Smaller wharves at Birkenhead, Beach Haven, Northcote, Devonport and West Harbour offer commuter ferry services to the Auckland CBD . The harbour is a drowned valley system that
2046-459: The largest one-day turnover came in February 2007, when Statendam and Sapphire Princess were due in Auckland to exchange around 8,000 people at the terminal, the equivalent of 19 Boeing 747 jumbo jets. In 2013, Auckland won a major cruise ship industry award, being named Best Turnaround Destination (best location to start or end a cruise at) by Britain's Cruise Insight magazine based on
2108-469: The late 18th century and early 19th century, the waters were fished together by Ngāti Whātua-o-Ōrākei and Ngāti Pāoa . In traditional legend, the Waitematā Harbour is protected by a taniwha named Ureia, who takes the form of a whale. The harbour has long been the main anchorage and port area for the Auckland region. Well-sheltered not only by the Hauraki Gulf itself but also by Rangitoto Island,
2170-541: The latter of which lies on a short triangular peninsula jutting into the harbour. The harbour is crossed at its narrowest point by the Auckland Harbour Bridge . To the east of the bridge's southern end lie the marinas of Westhaven and the suburbs of Freemans Bay and the Viaduct Basin . Further east from these, and close to the harbour's entrance, lies the Port of Auckland . There are other wharves and ports within
2232-555: The movement of 60% of New Zealand's imports and 40% of its exports (both by value, 2006), respectively 50% of the North Island's container trade, and 37% of all New Zealand's container trade (2007). It moves 4 million tonnes of 'breakbulk' cargo per year (2006), as well as around 773,160 twenty-foot equivalent containers units per year (2007). Another major import are used cars, with approximately 250,000 landed per year. The cars are mainly relatively new Japanese models, due to
2294-548: The nearby volcanic soil. In 1856, the Northcote Wharf was constructed at the mouth of Little Shoal Bay. In 1870, Peter Hall of the Winks and Hall cabinet makers settled at Little Shoal Bay. He became the namesake of Halls Beach. From the 1840s, European settlers developed brickworks along Shoal Bay, the earliest being at Stanley Bay Beach. This was followed by Phillip Callan's brickyard at Sulphur Beach in 1843. From 1848,
2356-534: The older-style "combined sewers" in several surrounding western suburbs dump contaminated wastewater overflows into the harbour on approximately 52 heavy-rain days a year, leading to regular health warnings at popular swimming beaches, until the outfalls have dispersed again. A major new project, the Central Interceptor , starting 2019, is to reduce these outfalls by about 80% once completed around 2024. The statistical area of Inlet Waitemata Harbour had
2418-538: The plans for a more accessible Auckland waterfront . In 2007, with a big increase in shipping traffic being projected (due to the Maersk shipping line choosing Auckland as a hub for the Fonterra export traffic), POAL considered a merger with Port of Tauranga , which did not come to pass. In the same year, volumes at the port rose 12.6% while profits, after deducting one-time items and property investments unrelated to
2480-458: The port operation, remained similar to 2006 (then NZ$ 55.9 million). In its 2008 plan, POAL proposed to extend the Fergusson and Bledisloe terminals into one large area mainly intended for container handling. The change is to increase the port's capacity by 250%, and allow ships with up to 7,000 containers to use its facilities, where the current limit is about 4,000. The extension would include
2542-421: The port, mostly disembarking for short stopover trips into Auckland or the surrounding region. Each of the ships is estimated to add about NZ$ 1 million to the regional economy. For 2007/2008, the total was forecast at 73 ship visits, another strong increase. So far, the largest ship to visit was Queen Mary 2 , which had to be diverted to Jellicoe Wharf in the freight part of the port due to its size. However,
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2604-419: The purchase of even larger cranes, topping out at 94m, while containers on the wharf may be stacked as high as six-storey buildings. In 2009, POAL noted that while container business in the past year had increased and profits in that sector had grown due to productivity gains and more consolidation of the industry towards larger ports like Auckland, there was a significant reduction in car import business due to
2666-542: The recession, which reduced the company's profits by 26% to $ 12.6m for the last half year to 31 December 2008. From early 2010, Ports of Auckland has operated a new inland port / rail siding in Wiri to connect road freight to the port facilities via freight trains. The new facility allows Ports of Auckland to reduce the number of trucks that have to travel through the Auckland Central area by up to 100,000 trips
2728-636: The same year the Port of Onehunga was opened). The initial establishment of the harbour facilities in Commercial Bay and Official Bay suffered from the tidal mudflats that made establishing good wharves difficult. After control of the Waitematā Harbour passed to the Auckland Provincial Council in 1853, the Council did much work on improving the facilities, which included constructing the first Queen Street Wharf, building
2790-463: The several Māori portage paths over the isthmus one step further, the creation of a canal that would link the Waitematā and Manukau harbours was considered in the early 1900s. Legislation (the Auckland and Manukau Canal Act 1908) was passed that would allow authorities to take privately owned land where it was deemed required for a canal. However, no serious work (or land take) was undertaken. The act
2852-436: The ships are legally required to use pilotage , managed by the Ports of Auckland's Harbour Control. The four inland ports operated by Ports of Auckland function as rail exchanges between the seaport and the national road and rail freight networks. Visited by around 1,600 commercial vessels a year, Auckland is New Zealand's largest commercial port, handling more than NZ$ 20 billion of goods per year. Ports of Auckland handles
2914-468: The southern side of the Auckland isthmus . While it is much closer to the industrial areas of South Auckland , the access via the shallow entrance of Manukau Harbour, and the smaller facilities, make it much less significant than the main port, and it is used mostly for coastal shipping within New Zealand, such as for bringing in cement from Westport . The port, despite being 100 nautical miles closer to Sydney and 200 nautical miles closer to Wellington ,
2976-696: The southern side of the city by the shallower waters of the Manukau Harbour . With an area of 70 square miles (180 km ), it connects the city's main port and the Auckland waterfront to the Hauraki Gulf and the Pacific Ocean . It is sheltered from Pacific storms by Auckland's North Shore , Rangitoto Island , and Waiheke Island . The oldest Māori name of the harbour was Te Whanga-nui o Toi (The Big Bay of Toi), named after Toi , an early Māori explorer. The name Waitematā means "Te Mata Waters", which according to some traditions refers to
3038-537: The successor to the Auckland Harbour Board , is the Auckland Council -owned company administering Auckland's commercial freight and cruise ship harbour facilities. As the company operates all of the associated facilities in the Greater Auckland area (excluding the ferry terminals and local marinas for recreational yachting ), this article is about both the current company and the ports of Auckland themselves. Ports of Auckland Limited operates seaports on
3100-403: The top floor. The Little Shoal Bay area is home to recreational facilities, including a tennis court, petanque court, basketball hoop and boardwalk. Waitemat%C4%81 Harbour Waitematā Harbour is the main access by sea to Auckland , New Zealand. The harbour forms the northern and eastern coasts of the Auckland isthmus and is crossed by the Auckland Harbour Bridge . It is matched on
3162-602: The very strict technical requirements of the Japanese road authorities. Due to the country's very strict biosecurity regulations, formerly administered by the MAF and now by its successor agency MPI , cars (and many other goods) have to pass through a decontamination facility, which strongly increases turnover times. In the 2005/2006 season, POAL catered for 48 cruise ship visits (at the Overseas Passenger Terminal, Princes Wharf ), with more than 100,000 passengers passing through
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#17327985508343224-414: The volcanic glass obsidian. However, this is incorrect, as grammatically Waitematā could not mean this. The harbour is an arm of the Hauraki Gulf, extending west for eighteen kilometres from the end of the Rangitoto Channel . Its entrance is between North Head and Bastion Point in the south. The westernmost ends of the harbour extend past Whenuapai in the northwest, and to Te Atatū Peninsula in
3286-519: The west, as well as forming the estuarial arm known as the Whau River in the southwest. The northern shore of the harbour consists of North Shore . North Shore suburbs located closest to the shoreline include Birkenhead , Northcote and Devonport (west to east). On the southern side of the harbour is Auckland CBD and the Auckland waterfront , and coastal suburbs such as Mission Bay , Parnell , Herne Bay and Point Chevalier (east to west),
3348-558: Was 57.1%, compared with 27.1% nationally. Although some people objected to giving their religion, 39.3% had no religion, 50.0% were Christian, and 3.6% had other religions. Of those at least 15 years old, 9 (10.7%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 3 (3.6%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $ 40,200. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 54 (64.3%) people were employed full-time, 6 (7.1%) were part-time, and 0 (0.0%) were unemployed. Ports of Auckland Ports of Auckland Limited ( POAL ),
3410-507: Was built would be sold to Panuku. Chelsea Wharf, in Birkenhead on the North Shore , not part of the current POAL facilities, serves the Chelsea Sugar Refinery , which has operated since 1884. The 9 hectares (22 acres) of the land were leased from POAL, but purchased by Chelsea in 1997. Ships with unrefined sugar (mostly from Australia) arrive at the wharf every six weeks, and as they generally exceed 500 gross tonnage (GT),
3472-528: Was carved through Miocene marine sediments of the Waitemata Group . Recent volcanism in the Auckland volcanic field has also shaped the coast, most obviously at Devonport and the Meola Reef (a lava flow which almost spans the harbour), but also in the explosion craters of Orakei Basin and in western Shoal Bay . Over the last two million years, the harbour has cycled between periods of being
3534-511: Was disestablished, its share holdings and functions were transferred to the council [2] Now being the third largest container terminal in Australasia , as well as New Zealand's busiest port, little remains in terms of the original facilities. Even so, Ports of Auckland is still expanding and changing at a quick pace, with further reclamation worked planned to shift harbour operations further east, in connection with future needs as well as
3596-485: Was halted due to the invasion of the Waikato in 1863, and while the port continued to be used for passengers and cargo, it became disused over time due to the construction of more reliable road and rail links to Wellington . Modern ships became too large to use the port, and negotiations were under way in 2015 by Auckland Council to sell it to the council entity Panuku Development Auckland, which wanted to turn it into
3658-431: Was never able to be developed to the same extent as the Waitematā Harbour ports, due to the extensive sand bars at the mouth of the Manukau Harbour. The port flourished in the 1850s and early 1860s as a link to the Manukau Harbour and Waikato regions, where Tāmaki Māori and Waikato tribes would sell and barter resources such as peaches, melons, fish and potatoes, to be on-sold for the settlement of Auckland. This trade
3720-596: Was repealed on 1 November 2010. In 1982, a group that included leaders of the Anglican and Catholic proposed the construction of the Christ of the Ships, a 12 m (39 ft) bronze statue of Jesus be constructed on a reef in the Waitematā Harbour. The project was cancelled after facing significant opposition by Christian leaders from other denominations. While the harbour has numerous beaches popular for swimming,
3782-486: Was successful, and the port is now 100% owned by the Auckland Council , successor of the Auckland Regional Council and other local authorities. From 2012 to 2019, Auckland Council Investments Limited (ACIL), the council-controlled organisation responsible for non-transport investment assets, managed the 100% share of Ports of Auckland Limited. In 2019, as part of the 10-year budget 2018-2028, ACIL
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#17327985508343844-430: Was totally lost to history. The newly reclaimed land allowed the construction of a railway wharf and new dockyard facilities. New facilities were also built on the other side of the harbour, at Devonport , with the 'Calliope Dock' being the largest drydock in the southern hemisphere in 1888. By the early 20th century, commercial and passenger traffic was already very busy, with large passenger liners from Europe and
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