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33-576: The range was observed and mapped in 1933 by Lauge Koch during aerial surveys made in the course of the 1931–34 Three-year Expedition to East Greenland . Koch named it after pioneering aviator Charles Augustus Lindbergh (1902–1974), who reportedly had seen these tall nunataks previously during an eastward flight across the Greenland Ice Sheet and had discussed the matter with him when they met in Ella Island . Although not as high as

66-470: A giant squid . On 6 July 1734 he wrote that his ship was off the Greenland coast when those on board "saw a most terrible creature, resembling nothing they saw before. The monster lifted its head so high that it seemed to be higher than the crow's nest on the mainmast . The head was small and the body short and wrinkled. The unknown creature was using giant fins which propelled it through the water. Later

99-651: A vicar in Vester Egede on southern Zealand , Denmark. Hans was schooled by an uncle, a clergyman in a local Lutheran Church . In 1704 he travelled to Copenhagen to enter the University of Copenhagen , where he earned a Bachelor's degree in Theology . He returned to Hinnøya Island after graduation, and on 15 April 1707 he was ordained and assigned to a parish on the equally remote archipelago of Lofoten . Also in 1707 he married Gertrud Rasch (or Rask ), who

132-588: A dissertation on the topic " Stratigraphy of Greenland". He was the renowned leader of 24 Danish government expeditions to Greenland , and the central character in the Lauge Koch Controversy , an international and intra-national conflict. Beginning in December 1935 a bitter conflict arose between Koch and eleven of the most prominent Danish geologists of the day, including O. B. Bøggild , director of The Mineralogical Museum and professor at

165-403: A polar explorer, a member of several Greenland expeditions, including Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen 's and Alfred Wegener 's (in the latter's expedition (1912-1913) to cross Greenland, he led a sledging party). He received his higher education at the University of Copenhagen , where he began his studies in 1911, in 1920 he received a master's degree , and in 1929 a doctor's degree , having defended

198-1109: Is in silver and awarded 'preferably for geographical studies and researches in the Arctic countries'. A crater on the Moon is named after him: the Egede crater on the south edge of the Mare Frigoris (the Sea of Cold). The historical fiction novel " The Prophets of Eternal Fjord " narrates a tale of a missionary priest under Egede's instruction embarking upon Greenland to convert its indigenous peoples to Christianity. Statues of Hans Egede stand watch over Greenland's capital in Nuuk, outside of Vågan Church ( Lofotkatedralen ) in Kabelvåg and outside of Frederik's Church ( Marmorkirken ) in Copenhagen. Egede's statue at Frederick's Church in Copenhagen

231-523: Is used in it ecclesiastical languages in the sense of "wafer" and in North Greenland in the sense of "ship's custom". By the end of the first winter, many of the colonists had been stricken with scurvy and most returned home as soon as they could. Egede and his family remained with a few others and in 1722 welcomed two supply ships the king had funded with the imposition of a new tax. His (now ship-borne) explorations found no Norse survivors along

264-975: The American Geographical Society in 1924, its Daly Medal in 1930, as well as the Vega medal of the Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography . In 1927 he was awarded the Patron's Medal of the British Royal Geographical Society for his work in Greenland and the Hans Egede Medal of the Royal Danish Geographical Society . In 1949 he was awarded the Mary Clark Thompson Medal from

297-708: The Danish–Norwegian Reformation or been lost to the Christian faith altogether. Frederick gave consent at least partially to re-establish a colonial claim to the island. Egede established the Bergen Greenland Company ( Det Bergen Grønlandske Compagnie ) with $ 9,000 in capital from Bergen merchants, $ 200 from Frederick IV of Denmark and Norway , and a $ 300 annual grant from the Royal Mission College . The company

330-606: The Eastern Settlement , but he considered them to be those of the Western. At the end of the year, he turned north and helped establish a whaling station on Nipisat Island . In 1724 he baptized his first child converts, two of whom would travel to Denmark and there inspire Count Zinzendorf to begin the Moravian missions . In 1728, a royal expedition under Major Claus Paarss arrived with four supply ships and moved

363-717: The Geological Institute of Copenhagen University , and Victor Madsen  [ sv ] , head of the Geological Survey of Denmark . Controversy started with a review of the Lauge Koch book Geologie von Grönland (1935) written by ‘the eleven’ and accusing Koch of poor and improper scientific practice. Relating to the years 1921–23 in which Lauge Koch conducted the Bicentenary Jubilee Expedition to North Greenland in

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396-591: The National Academy of Sciences . Hans Egede Bible Translators Theologians Hans Poulsen Egede (31 January 1686 – 5 November 1758) was a Dano-Norwegian Lutheran missionary who launched mission efforts to Greenland , which led him to be styled the Apostle of Greenland . He established a successful mission among the Inuit and is credited with revitalizing Dano-Norwegian interest in

429-509: The Peter Freuchen map of 1912. In 1922 he mapped Hiawatha Glacier , and noted that the glacier tongue extended into Lake Alida (near Foulk Fjord ). In 1938, Lauge Koch found in the mountains west of Jameson Land , near Scoresby Sound , the skeleton of a huge extinct mammal similar to the head of a gigantic animal with huge teeth found by Professor Selim Hassan in 1935 near the pyramid of Chephren . The skeleton found by Koch

462-569: The Watkins Range to the east, the Lindbergh Range is popular among mountaineers because it has some of the finest and tallest peaks in Greenland. The quality of the rock, however, is poor. A number of the main summits of the nunataks have been climbed in recent years, but the range is still relatively little explored. The Lindbergh Range is an up to 3,171 m high cluster of nunataks , some of which are extensive ridges rising above

495-609: The Danish government cut funding in mid-expedition and Koch's career as expedition leader was terminated. The mineral kochite which is found in Mt Hvide Ryg , Werner Bjerge , and the former Greenland county of Tunu was named for Koch in honor of his explorations in the same areas. The coelacanth Laugia from the Early Triassic of Greenland is named in his honor. Koch was awarded an Honorary Fellowship from

528-600: The Kangeq colony to the mainland opposite, establishing a fort named Godt-Haab ("Good Hope"), the future Godthåb . The extra supplies also allowed Egede to build a proper chapel within the main house. More scurvy led to forty deaths and abandonment of the site not only by the Danes but by the Inuit as well. Egede's book The Old Greenland's New Perlustration ( Norwegian : Det gamle Grønlands nye Perlustration ) appeared in 1729 and

561-601: The Lindbergh Range, beyond the Christian IV Glacier, the Gronau Nunataks lie to the northeast, and the Lemon Range to the southwest. The area of the range is uninhabited. Polar climate prevails in the region. The average annual temperature in the area of the Lindbergh Range is -17 °C. The warmest month is July when the average temperature reaches -5 °C and the coldest is February when

594-529: The erection of a portable house on Kangeq Island , which Egede christened the Island of Hope ( Haabets Ø ). Searching for months for descendants of the old Norse colonists , he found only the local Kalaallit people and began studying their language . A common myth states that, as the Inuit had no bread nor any idea of it, Egede adapted the Lord's Prayer as "Give us this day our daily seal ". Egede at first tried

627-707: The ice. It is located west of the Christian IV Glacier and east of the Upper Frederiksborg Glacier (Øvre Frederiksborg Gletscher) , an ice cap west of which lie the Frederiksborg Nunataks , located north of the Frederiksborg Glacier . The Isfald Glacier is a smaller glacier located at the southern end. The vast Greenland Ice Sheet lies to the northwest. The Watkins Range rises to the east of

660-632: The island after contact had been broken for about 300 years. He founded Greenland's capital Godthåb, now known as Nuuk . Hans Egede was born into the home of a Danish-born civil servant, the priest son Povel Hansen Egede, and the Norwegian-born Kirsten Jensdatter Hind, daughter of a local merchant, in Harstad , Norway, nearly 150 miles (240 km) north of the Arctic Circle . His paternal grandfather had been

693-699: The next year, leaving his son Poul to carry on his work. In Copenhagen, he was named Superintendent of the Greenland Mission Seminary ( Seminarium Groenlandicum ) and in 1741 the Lutheran Bishop of Greenland . A catechism for use in Greenland was completed by 1747. He died on 5 November 1758 at the age of 72 in Stubbekøbing at Falster , Denmark. Egede holds the legacy of a national "saint" of Greenland. The town of Egedesminde ( lit. "Memory of Egede") commemorates him. It

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726-475: The temperature sinks to -19 °C. This Greenland location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Lauge Koch Lauge Koch (5 July 1892 – 5 June 1964) was a Danish geologist and Arctic explorer . Lauge Koch was born in 1892 to Karl and Elisabeth Koch. His development as a scientist was greatly influenced by his father's second cousin Johan Peter Koch -

759-411: The western shore and future work was misled by the two mistaken beliefs – both prevalent at the time – that the Eastern Settlement would be located on Greenland's east coast (it was later established it had been among the fjords of the island's extreme southwest) and that a strait existed nearby communicating with the western half of the island. In fact, his 1723 expedition found the churches and ruins of

792-405: The word "mamaq" but it does not mean "food", as Hans Egede thought, but "how delicious!" This first attempt stems from 1724, when he had only been in the country for three years and he has probably often heard someone say "mamaq!" It was not long before he came up with the word "neqissat", "food". When Egede's son Poul published the four Gospels in print in 1744, he used the word "timiusaq". This word

825-531: The year of the bicentennial jubilee of Hans Egede 's landing in Greenland, Koch made a sledge journey along the north coast of Greenland, round Peary Land and back across the Inland Ice. On this journey Koch discovered a depression which in his opinion was the one that Robert Peary in 1892 had mistaken for a channel —the so-called " Peary Channel ". Koch's observations of the interior of Independence Fjord led to considerable cartographic changes compared with

858-436: Was Christian David ) were allowed to establish a station at Neu-Herrnhut (which became the nucleus of modern Nuuk , Greenland's capital) and in time a string of missions along the island's west coast. The ship also returned one of Egede's convert children with a case of smallpox . By the next year, the epidemic was raging among the Inuit and in 1735 it claimed Gertrud Egede. Hans carried her body back to Denmark for burial

891-416: Was 13 years his senior. Four children were born to the marriage – two boys and two girls. At Lofoten, Egede heard stories about the old Norse settlements on Greenland , with which contact had been lost centuries before. Beginning in 1711, he sought permission from Frederick IV of Denmark-Norway to search for the colony and establish a mission there, presuming that it had either remained Catholic after

924-409: Was already written down by Hans in 1725 and is used by Greenlanders as an explanation of how bread looks. The old dictionaries suggest that at that time one could use the word “timia” in the sense of “bone marrow” or, as Samuel Kleinschmidt wrote in his dictionary in 1871, “the inner, porous part of the leg or Horn". “Timiusaq” therefore originally means “it which resembles bone marrow ”. Today, this word

957-589: Was displayed at the museum in Copenhagen . Amongst his other contributions to the sciences, in the mid-1930s Koch established a network of field stations and traveling huts in Central East Greenland. This establishment of a permanent infrastructure in the field caused a change in the whole culture and organization of Danish Arctic exploration. His last expedition was the 1956-58 Expedition to East Greenland in which he used helicopters. But

990-547: Was established by Hans's second son, Niels, in 1759 on the Eqalussuit peninsula. It was moved to the island of Aasiaat in 1763, which had been the site of a pre-Viking Inuit settlement. His grandson and namesake Hans Egede Saabye also became a missionary to Greenland and published a celebrated diary of his time there. The Royal Danish Geographical Society established the Egede Medal in his honour in 1916. The medal

1023-608: Was granted broad powers to govern the peninsula (as it was then considered to be), to raise its own army and navy, to collect taxes and to administer justice; the king and his council, however, refused to grant it monopoly rights to whaling and trade in Greenland out of a fear of antagonizing the Dutch . Haabet ("The Hope") and two smaller ships departed Bergen on 2 May 1721 bearing Egede, his wife and four children, and forty other colonists. On 3 July they reached Nuup Kangerlua and established Hope Colony ( Haabets Colonie ) with

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1056-438: Was translated into several languages, but King Frederick had lost patience and recalled Paarss's military garrison from Greenland the next year. Egede, encouraged by his wife Gertrud, remained with his family and ten sailors. A supply ship in 1733 brought three missionaries and news that the king had granted 2,000 rixdollars a year to establish a new company for the colony under Jacob Severin . The Moravians (their leader

1089-410: Was vandalized with the word "decolonize" spray-painted on its base on June 20, 2020, during worldwide protests against memorials of colonial figures . Another Egede statue in Nuuk, Greenland was likewise vandalized ten days later. In a subsequent vote, 921 voted to keep the statue while 600 wanted it removed. Hans Egede gave one of the oldest descriptions of a sea serpent , now believed to have been

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