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30-496: Link River Dam's reservoir, Klamath Lake, has a capacity of 873,000 acre-feet (1.077 × 10 m). The project provides flood control, generates hydro power, and stores most of the water used for irrigation in the Klamath Reclamation Project . The dam is 22 feet (7 m) high and 435 feet (133 m) long. Its two channels can allow one outflow of 3,000 ft³/s (85 m³/s) with 1,000 ft³/s (28 m³/s) through

60-686: A U.S. survey foot (exactly ⁠ 1200 / 3937 ⁠   meters since 1893). On December 31, 2022, the National Institute of Standards and Technology , the National Geodetic Survey , and the United States Department of Commerce deprecated use of the US survey foot and recommended conversion to either the meter or the international foot. As a rule of thumb in US water management, one acre-foot

90-577: A Furlong, and 10 single square Chains an Acre, so that a square Mile contains 640 square Acres." —John Ogilby, Britannia, 1675 The official use of the furlong was abolished in the United Kingdom under the Weights and Measures Act 1985, an act that also abolished the official use of many other traditional units of measurement. In Myanmar furlongs are currently used in conjunction with miles to indicate distances on highway signs. Mileposts on

120-499: A rate of $ 1,000 per annum. The agreement also allowed the power company to regulate the outflows of Klamath Lake. In 1919, COPCO placed a temporary low-crib dam near what is now Putnam's Point in 1919. Construction began on the dam on July 29, 1920. Senator George E. Chamberlain of Oregon telegraphed Secretary of the Interior John B. Payne on August 20, 1920, requesting he halt dam construction long enough to determine

150-722: A shorter foot in the late 13th century, rods and furlongs remained unchanged, since property boundaries were already defined in rods and furlongs. The only thing that changed was the number of feet and yards in a rod or a furlong, and the number of square feet and square yards in an acre. The definition of the rod went from 15 old feet to 16 + 1 ⁄ 2  new feet, or from 5 old yards to 5 + 1 ⁄ 2  new yards. The furlong went from 600 old feet to 660 new feet, or from 200 old yards to 220 new yards. The acre went from 36,000 old square feet to 43,560 new square feet, or from 4,000 old square yards to 4,840 new square yards. The furlong

180-658: A square furlong in extent (eight to a mile, which explains the series of freeway exits: 19th Ave, 27th, 35th, 43rd, 51st, 59th ...). Much of Ontario , Canada, was originally surveyed on a ten-furlong grid, with major roads being laid out along the grid lines. Now that distances are shown on road signs in kilometres, these major roads are almost exactly two kilometres apart. The exits on highways running through Toronto , for example, are generally at intervals of two kilometres. The Bangor City Forest in Bangor, Maine has its trail system marked in miles and furlongs. The furlong

210-461: Is also a base unit of the humorous FFF system of units. The exact length of the furlong varies slightly among English-speaking countries. In Canada and the United Kingdom, which define the furlong in terms of the international yard of exactly 0.9144 metres, a furlong is 201.168 m. Australia does not formally define the furlong, but it does define the chain and link in terms of the international yard. The United States previously defined

240-489: Is approximately equivalent to 1.233 megaliters. Large bodies of water may be measured in cubic kilometers (1,000,000,000 m , or 1000 gigaliter), with 1 million acre-feet approximately equalling 1.233 km . Furlong A furlong is a measure of distance in imperial units and United States customary units equal to one-eighth of a mile , equivalent to any of 660  feet , 220  yards , 40  rods , 10  chains , or approximately 201  metres . It

270-581: Is approximately one furlong in length. City blocks in the Hoddle Grid of Melbourne are also one furlong in length. Salt Lake City 's blocks are each a square furlong in the downtown area. The blocks become less regular in shape farther from the center, but the numbering system (800 units to each mile) remains the same everywhere in Salt Lake County . Blocks in central Logan, Utah , and in large sections of Phoenix, Arizona , are similarly

300-489: Is now mostly confined to use in horse racing, where in many countries it is the standard measurement of race lengths, and agriculture, where it is used to measure rural field lengths and distances. In the United States, some states use older definitions for surveying purposes, leading to variations in the length of the furlong of two parts per million, or about 0.4 millimetres ( 1 ⁄ 64 inch). This variation

330-510: Is small enough to not have practical consequences in most applications. Using the international definition of the yard as exactly 0.9144 metres, one furlong is 201.168 metres, and five furlongs are about 1  kilometre ( 1.00584 km exactly). The name furlong derives from the Old English words furh ( furrow ) and lang (long). Dating back at least to early Anglo-Saxon times, it originally referred to

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360-410: Is taken to be the planned annual water usage of a suburban family household. In some areas of the desert Southwest, where water conservation is followed and often enforced, a typical family uses only about 0.25 acre-foot per year (310  m /a) of water per year. One acre-foot/year is approximately 119 cu ft/d (3.38 m /d). The acre-foot per year has been used historically in

390-847: The Lost River sucker and Shortnose sucker , by some 90%. Further decommissioning discussion remain pending with the governing agency, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission . Acre-foot The acre-foot is a non- SI unit of volume equal to about 1,233 m commonly used in the United States in reference to large-scale water resources, such as reservoirs , aqueducts , canals , sewer flow capacity, irrigation water, and river flows . An acre-foot equals approximately an eight-lane swimming pool , 82 ft (25 m) long, 52 ft (16 m) wide and 9.8 ft (3 m) deep. As

420-526: The Yangon–Mandalay Expressway use miles and furlongs. In the rest of the world the furlong has very limited use, with the notable exception of horse racing in most English-speaking countries, including Canada and the United States. The distances for horse racing in Australia were converted to metric in 1972 and the term survives only in slang. In the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, and

450-554: The measuring chain in the 1620s led to the introduction of an intermediate unit of length, the chain of 22 yards, being equal to four rods, and to one-tenth of a furlong. A description from 1675 states, "Dimensurator or Measuring Instrument whereof the mosts usual has been the Chain, and the common length for English Measures four Poles, as answering indifferently to the Englishs Mile and Acre, 10 such Chains in length making

480-583: The Ankeny Canal, and another outflow of 290 ft³/s (8 m³/s) through the Keno Canal. Those channels feed PacifiCorp's two hydroelectric turbines located downstream and generate 151 MW. All the flow is ultimately diverted down the Link River into Lake Ewauna . In 2004 PacifiCorp announced the Link River power projects would be abandoned, as the cost to repair the canal and pipeline supplying

510-545: The Klamath Falls Irrigation Company took over the canal. It is now known as the Ankeny Canal. Charles and Rufus Moore dug a canal on the other side of the Link River in 1877 to power a sawmill and transport logs from Upper Klamath Lake. This later became known as the Keno Canal. On February 24, 1917, officials from the USBR and COPCO reached an agreement to lease the Keno Canal for ten years at

540-566: The US in many water-management agreements, for example the Colorado River Compact , which divides 15 million acre-feet per year (19 cubic kilometres per year) among seven western US states. Water reservoir capacities in the US are commonly given in thousands of acre-feet , abbreviated TAF or KAF . In most other countries except the US, the metric system is in common use and water volumes are normally expressed in liter , cubic meter or cubic kilometer . One acre-foot

570-459: The United States, races are still given in miles and furlongs. Also distances along English canals navigated by narrowboats are commonly expressed in miles and furlongs. The city of Chicago's street numbering system allots a measure of 800 address units to each mile, in keeping with the city's system of eight blocks per mile. This means that every block in a typical Chicago neighborhood (in either north–south or east–west direction but rarely both)

600-412: The dam in place for water storage and flood control. (The proposal was distinct from the proposed removal of four other dams , operated by the same company in the same watershed.) As of 2014 the company intends to continue to generate electricity at Link River, in the short term and at reduced output. PacifiCorp implemented changes of operation are intended to reduce the loss to two endangered species ,

630-436: The drainage advantages of short furrows and meant furrows were made as long as possible. An acre is an area that is one furlong long and one chain (66 feet or 22 yards) wide. For this reason, the furlong was once also called an acre's length , though in modern usage an area of one acre can be of any shape. The term furlong, or shot, was also used to describe a grouping of adjacent strips within an open field. Among

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660-526: The early Anglo-Saxons, the rod was the fundamental unit of land measurement. A furlong was 40 rods; an acre 4 by 40 rods, or 4 rods by 1 furlong, and thus 160 square rods; there are 10 acres in a square furlong. At the time, the Saxons used the North German foot , which was about 10 percent longer than the foot of the international 1959 agreement . When England changed to

690-481: The furlong, chain, rod, and link in terms of the U.S. survey foot of exactly 1200 ⁄ 3937  metre, resulting in a furlong approximately 201.1684 m long. The difference of approximately two parts per million between the old U.S. value and the "international" value was insignificant for most practical measurements. In October 2019, U.S. National Geodetic Survey and National Institute of Standards and Technology announced their joint intent to retire

720-446: The legality of the 1917 contract. Payne issued a supplemental contract on December 10, and California-Oregon Power restarted construction on May 15, 1921, finishing it on October 29. As a 50-year contract between the USBR and PacifiCorp reached its expiration in 2006, the company proposed closing down hydroelectric generation at Link River. It cited the high costs of complying with fish passage remediation. This proposal would have left

750-404: The length of the furrow in one acre of a ploughed open field (a medieval communal field which was divided into strips). The furlong (meaning furrow length) was the distance a team of oxen could plough without resting. This was standardised to be exactly 40 rods or 10 chains. The system of long furrows arose because turning a team of oxen pulling a heavy plough was difficult. This offset

780-565: The mile, and 1½ miles to the league . A league was considered to be the distance a man could walk in one hour, and the mile (from mille , meaning "thousand") consisted of 1,000  passus (paces, five feet, or double-step). After the fall of the Western Roman Empire , medieval Europe continued with the Roman system, which the people proceeded to diversify, leading to serious complications in trade, taxation, etc. Around

810-431: The name suggests, an acre-foot is defined as the volume of one acre of surface area to a depth of one foot . Since an acre is defined as a chain by a furlong (i.e. 66 ft × 660 ft or 20.12 m × 201.17 m), an acre-foot is 43,560 cubic feet (1,233.5  m ). There has been two definitions of the acre-foot (differing by about 0.0006%), using either the international foot (0.3048 m) or

840-508: The power turbines is too high to be economically viable. As of 2014 the company intends to continue to run the plant, in the short term and at reduced output. In 1878, five years after the Modoc Wars , residents of Linkville formed the "Linkville Water Ditch Company." They dug a low capacity canal that connected their homes with the Link River. A William Steele extended the ditch by 15 miles (24 km) in 1884. After his death in 1888

870-537: The year 1300, by royal decree England standardized a long list of measures. Among the important units of distance and length at the time were the foot , yard , rod (or pole), furlong, and the mile . The rod was defined as 5 + 1 ⁄ 2  yards or 16 + 1 ⁄ 2  feet, and the mile was eight furlongs, so the definition of the furlong became 40 rods and that of the mile became 5,280 feet (eight furlongs/mile times 40 rods/furlong times 16 + 1 ⁄ 2  feet/rod). The invention of

900-647: Was historically viewed as being equivalent to the Roman stade ( stadium ) , which in turn derived from the Greek system . For example, the King James Bible uses the term "furlong" in place of the Greek stadion , although more recent translations often use miles or kilometres in the main text and give the original numbers in footnotes. In the Roman system, there were 625 feet to the stadium , eight stadia to

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