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29-605: Linz Hauptbahnhof is situated in Bahnhofplatz, near the southern edge of the city centre. The first Linz central station building was completed in 1858, to coincide with the arrival of the Empress Elisabeth Railway company's Western Railway from Vienna. The station was rebuilt from 1936 by the Nazis - being the closest city to Adolf Hitler 's birthplace - in a severe modernist style characterized by

58-401: A head house , is the main building of a passenger railway station . It is typically used principally to provide services to passengers. A station building is a component of a station, which can include tracks , platforms , an overpass or underpass, and a train shed . Normally, a station building will be of adequate size for the type of service that is to be performed. It may range from

87-408: A new main boulevard. However, these remodelling plans never came to fruition, and with the rebuilt station building damaged by Allied bombing during World War II , the station was rebuilt for a second time between 1949-1955 in a contemporary sober style. By the end of the twentieth century, it was no longer appropriate to the increasing requirements of contemporary public transport. Between 2002-2004,

116-460: A reinforced concrete frame, high ceilings, and elongated windows. But by the time of its completion, Linz had already been designated one of five "Führer cities" where complete remodelling would take place. The site of the station in the remodelling plan was designated as the site of the Führermuseum , with the station to be moved four kilometres (2.5 mi) to the south at the opposite end of

145-440: A side entrance hall off the road or square where the station is located. Near the entrance will be a ticket counter, ticket machines, or both. There will also be one or more waiting rooms, often divided by class, and equipped with seats and luggage stands. From the waiting rooms, there will usually be direct access to rail passenger services. Medium to large size station buildings will often also have offices for rail staff involved in

174-421: A simple single-storey building with limited services to passengers to a large building with many indoor spaces providing many services. Some station buildings are of monumental proportions and styles. Both in the past and in recent times, especially when constructed for a modern high-speed rail network, a station building may even be a true masterpiece of architecture . A typical railway station building will have

203-582: A simple staircase or kiosk was not desirable. During the design and construction of the city's original subway line opened by the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (IRT) in 1904, control houses were treated as integral architectural features of the system. In 1901, William Barclay Parsons , chief engineer for the Board of Rapid Transit Railroad Commissioners, had traveled to Boston with architect Christopher LaFarge , where he

232-406: Is not just the architecture of the station building. It includes the design of separate platforms and canopies, or the train shed (i.e. an overall canopy for the platforms and tracks), if any. Also, shelters can impart the characteristic face of the station and be more than a utilitarian form of construction. Architects also create railway station towers, and buildings and equipment associated with

261-436: Is served by the following services: As at 2015, Linz Hauptbahnhof had 14 operating station platforms, of which platforms 21 and 1 were allocated to Linzer Lokalbahn trains. The platforms are of the latest design, to correspond with the requirements of the ÖBB's Bahnhofsoffensive . All are equipped with elevators or escalators. All platforms, except platform 22 are through platforms. Platforms 21 and 22 are primarily used by

290-479: Is used by Postbuses and some bus and trolleybus routes operated by Linz Linien . It is also used by the Welser company's regional buses, which connect Linz with the neighbouring communities of Traun and Ansfelden . The railway platforms are accessible via the intermediate level of the building. Here, alongside the ÖBB ticket windows, information services, and the ÖBB club lounge, are shops and restaurants. In

319-421: The 18th and early 19th centuries, head houses were often civic buildings such as town halls or courthouses located at the end of an open market shed; one example is the former market and firehouse from which Philadelphia's Head House Square takes its name. In mining , a headhouse is the housing of the headworks of various types of machinery used for moving coal to the surface, or men to or from it. Since

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348-469: The Hauptbahnhof. The former above ground tram route between Blumauerplatz and Herz Jesu Kirche had been removed by 2009, and the streets were resurfaced. Thus, nothing now remains of the old route. The Hauptbahnhof tram stop is now 86 m (282 ft) long and has space for 2 Cityrunner trams. Both ends of the station are fitted with reversing loops. In 2004, the bus terminal was built east of

377-543: The Hauptbahnhof. The bus station is below the county offices (regional service centre) and is at ground level. In the bus terminal there are three long bus platforms, where the Linz AG Linien, Postbus und Wilhelm Welser Traun buses all stop. The bus terminal is a total of 200 m (656 ft) long and 50 m (164 ft) wide. [REDACTED] Media related to Linz Hauptbahnhof at Wikimedia Commons Station building A station building , also known as

406-677: The S-Bahn lines. Following the Bahnhofsoffensive , some changes were visible in public transport interchange at Linz Hauptbahnhof. Until 2004, the Hauptbahnhof was served only by line 3 of the Linz tram system . Lines 1 and 2 ran along the Wienerstraße, a short distance away. The Wienerstraße route has now been relocated underground between Goethekreuzung and Herz Jesu Kirche. By that new route, lines 1 and 2 now join line 3 in serving

435-402: The attributes of the station, it is difficult to identify an element more appropriate than the station clock . Not everyone carried a wristwatch , so it was a necessity. It can be placed not only inside the station building, but also as a distinctive feature of the building's facade. In countries not confined to the classical architectural tradition, station building designers soon began to use

464-517: The basement, there are stops for all three lines of the Linz tramway network , and an underground parking garage. Due to its short transfer routes, large size and bright ambience, the building has repeatedly won the Verkehrsclub Österreich 's award for the most popular and beautiful railway station in Austria, ahead of the central stations at Klagenfurt, Wiener Neustadt, and Wels. The station

493-538: The dominant element of the facade. This motif is already present in the Newcastle Central station building (1850), then eagerly used in other stations in the UK. It became an even more prominent motif in the twentieth century, shaping the facade of the great railway station Milano Centrale . In British railway stations, where – thanks to constant movement of trains – the exchange of passengers takes place rapidly,

522-679: The function of the station building in the original Manchester terminus of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway or in the two railway stations in Vienna shown below, but they have been given the characteristics of a public building. Often, the earliest station buildings were so modest that the main visible element of the station was the train shed, such as for the first station in Mannheim , Germany. Some early station building design teams tried to develop representative characteristics. Initially, this

551-590: The head house held a restaurant, lunch room, ice cream shop, news agent, drug store, small movie theater, men's and women's lounges, and restrooms that included changing rooms and showers. In subway systems , a head house is the part of a subway station that is above ground, which contain escalators, elevators and ticket agents. On the New York City Subway , a head house is called a "Control House". They were built, and are still used in certain locations (such as at Broadway and West 72nd Street ), where

580-477: The management and operation of trains. Smaller or more rural stations will have no station building at all. Several decades were needed to find a formula for station building architecture that would be easily recognizable in the urban space, like that of churches and town halls . The first station buildings gave no special emphasis to their function, as they were essentially a variation on the house or office building. That makes it, for example, difficult to identify

609-467: The mid-19th century, in the United States, a head house has often been the part of a passenger train station that does not house the tracks and platforms. Elsewhere, the same part of a station is known as the station building . In particular, it often contains the ticket counters, waiting rooms , toilets and baggage facilities. It might also include the passenger concourses and walkways between

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638-417: The movement of trains: control rooms, and even signals, sometimes grouped together on the platforms over the tracks. The continued existence of these objects, especially the control room, is sometimes at risk when traffic safety technologies are updated. Head house A head house or headhouse may be an enclosed building attached to an open-sided shed, or the aboveground part of a subway station. In

667-421: The platforms and other facilities. The head house at Philadelphia's Reading Terminal , which fronts a two level shed with tracks and platforms placed above a covered market, combined both the older and newer meanings of the word. Larger terminals had amenities that were contained within their own distinct building, which was separate from the railroad. For instance, when Cincinnati Union Terminal opened in 1933,

696-426: The practice is not to have large station buildings. To some extent, the railway hotel buildings (or sometimes railway board offices) serve part of the station's function. These structures do not reveal, however, many features of railway stations. The one feature that can be found in many of them worldwide is a canopy over the driveway, usually made of iron (e.g. part of the former London Victoria LBSCR station). Among

725-486: The railway stations of increasing scale. More and more stations also satisfied the ambitions of the city, railway boards, and countries whose railways have had to shape an appropriate image of the country. Around the start of the 20th century, a trend towards the deliberate use of architectural forms which give large and high spaces, often modeled on classical forms from the Roman Empire. Railway station architecture

754-468: The rebuilt station building was completely replaced with a new building designed by Wilhelm Holzbauer . This redevelopment also added the Terminal Tower skyscraper as part of a mixed-use complex. The present station building is structured in three levels. The main entrance is at ground level, next to the taxi rank, and also provides the connection to the station's bus terminal. The bus terminal

783-417: The theme of the clock tower, taken over from the town hall or church. This theme sometimes served more utilitarian purposes – there were also some water towers . The clock tower become particularly popular around the start of the 20th century. Along with a covered driveway, it may be a distinguishing characteristic of railway station buildings. Over time, growing volumes of traffic prompted the construction of

812-521: Was apparently inspired by the ornamental houses he saw used as entrances to the Tremont Street subway . In response, architects Heins & LaFarge designed each IRT control house to be an attractive exterior feature of the transit network system that was in keeping with its location. The buildings, which are examples of the Beaux-Arts style, are similar to other ground-level structures on

841-410: Was by use of traditional architectural symbols, primarily related to the form of a "gate", such as a portico , a triumphal arch or Propylaea . But none of them (except perhaps the triumphal arch) have proved to be particularly suitable for expression of specific railway station functions. One of the early ideas was to form the station building porticos to highlight the driveway and enlarge the scale of

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