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111-545: The Lion Brewery traces its origins to 1905 when the Luzerne County Brewing Company was organized and ground was broken on its four-story brick brewery located at 700 North Pennsylvania Avenue, Wilkes Barre. The brewery was built on land acquired from Delaware and Hudson Company in 1905. The land was purchased for one dollar on the terms that the company would build a brewery capable of producing 100,000 US beer barrels (120,000 hl) per year in just

222-545: A Double IPA, it was introduced in 2019, with 8.9% abv . Lionshead Pumpkin - A fall seasonal, it was introduced in 2020 with 5.5% abv . Lionshead Root Beer - Invokes the Lion's legacy of producing sodas and other non-alcoholic beverages during the 1920s in a struggle to survive Prohibition. The Lion Brewery is also a contract brewing partner for various Beer and non-alcoholic beverage brands. They do contract brewing for Pabst Brewing Company brands. The Stegmaier Brewery

333-563: A German nobleman is the granting of a brewing licence by Emperor Otto II to the church at Liege (now Belgium), awarded in 974. A variety of other beer regulations also existed in Germany during the late Middle Ages, including in Nuremberg in 1293, Erfurt in 1351, and Weißensee in 1434. The Bavarian order of 1516 formed the basis of rules that spread slowly throughout Germany. Bavaria insisted on its application throughout Germany as

444-598: A Quality Lab and on-staff Microbiologists. At the end of 2019 the Lion Brewery was purchased by Encore Consumer Capital, a San Francisco-based private equity firm. In early 2022, the Lion Brewery sold the Stegmaier labels to the Susquehanna Brewing Company, a company owned by descendants of Charles Stegmaier. Lionshead beer was introduced in 1983. It has since become the flagship brand for

555-558: A brewery located in nearby Edwardsville, Pennsylvania , went out of business and The Lion acquired its labels and recipes. A much larger acquisition occurred in 1974 when The Lion's cross-town rival Stegmaier Brewing Company went out of business and The Lion acquired its labels and recipes Founded in 1857, the Stegmaier Brewery had been the dominant area brewery and had been much larger than The Lion. Although Stegmaier Gold Medal Beer became The Lion's largest selling brand, there

666-714: A company to deliver the new fuel, anthracite, to New York City by building an ambitious canal to connect the Hudson River and the Delaware River, and both to the Coaldale coal deposits by chartering a Pennsylvania subsidiary corporation, the Delaware and Hudson Gravity Railroad , to bring coal to the Delaware and the new canal. This cable railroad would grow in importance and become the far-flung class I railroad,

777-577: A former monastery brewery in the East German town of Neuzelle , Brandenburg, was warned to stop selling its black beer as it contained sugar. After some negotiations the brewery was allowed to sell it under the name Schwarzer Abt ("Black Abbot") but could not label it "Bier". This decision was repealed by the Federal Administrative Court of Germany through a special permit, and after legal disputes lasting ten years (known as

888-526: A highly regarded symbol when Bartels was the biggest selling brand in the region, who had dispensed words of wisdom in Bartels advertising. Like Gibbons beer, Bartels was discontinued after the Lion Brewery stopped packaging beer in 16oz returnable bottles in November 2009. Delaware and Hudson Company The Delaware and Hudson Railway (D&H) ( reporting mark DH ) is a railroad that operates in

999-636: A large brewery building with high overhead costs, and 1973-74 price shocks that increased the cost of many commodities needed to produce beer. After the acquisition, The Lion hired 50 former Stegmaier employees and it formed a Stegmaier Brewing division that was responsible for its Stegmaier beer. Charles Stegmaier's great-great-grandson, Edward R. Maier, who had been an Executive Vice President in Stegmaier Brewing Company, became an Executive Vice President in The Lion. A Stegmaier brewmaster

1110-465: A lighter taste as well as being less expensive to brew. In response to the growth of craft breweries globally, some commentators, German brewers, and even German politicians have argued that the Reinheitsgebot has slowed Germany's adoption of beer trends popular in the rest of the world, such as Belgian lambics and American craft styles . In late 2015, Bavarian brewers voted in favor of

1221-715: A line from Albany southwest to Binghamton , while the Lackawanna and Susquehanna split from that line at Nineveh , running south to the Jefferson Railroad at Lanesboro. Also leased in 1870 was the Schenectady and Susquehanna Railroad , connecting the Albany and Susquehanna at Duanesburg to Schenectady , opened in 1872 (reorganized as the Schenectady and Duanesburg Railroad in 1873). On March 1, 1871,

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1332-444: A new canning line, which began operating in 2010. The Gibbons and Bartels brands were also discontinued in the process. Between 2007 and 2017 the Lion Brewery invested $ 20 million in updating brewery capabilities. Among these additions are a Krones Top Modul Labeller with Paper and PSL label capabilities, a Dual Deck Krones Pasteurizer, and two Alvey Palletizers. The company has also invested in various quality control measures such as

1443-476: A partnership with his father-in-law under the name Baer & Stegmaier. In 1863 a larger brewery was built on East Market Street. Baer & Stegmaier failed during the panic of 1873, but in 1875 Stegmaier had formed a new brewing Company, C. Stegmaier & Son, and in 1880, he re-purchased the Market Street Brewery. The beer brewed by Charles Stegmaier, especially his lagers and porters, earned

1554-487: A precondition of German unification in 1871. The move encountered strong resistance from brewers outside Bavaria, and imperial law of 1873 taxed the use of other ingredients (rather than banning them) when used by Northern German brewers. It was not until 1906 that the law was applied consistently across all of Germany, and it was not formally referred to as Reinheitsgebot until the Weimar Republic . In 1952,

1665-492: A receiver. In 1911, the company was reorganized as Lion Brewing Company. In 1912, it began marketing Lion Beer, which included a pilsner and a bock. After the arrival of Prohibition in 1919, the Lion Brewing Company produced near-beers called Buck-O and Gold Label. The company struggled to survive, and after its president was charged in 1923 with violation of prohibition laws, went into receivership. The brewery

1776-476: A reputation for superior quality, and his brewery grew significantly. To meet growing demand C. Stegmaier & Son constructed a new 6-story brew house in 1894 on Market Street. In 1897 the brewery was incorporated as the Stegmaier Brewing Company, which funded additional expansion of the brewery complex. Charles Stegmaier was held in high esteem in the Wyoming Valley. Shrewd, but honest, he was active in

1887-490: A revision to the beer laws to allow other natural ingredients. Many brewers still follow the original 1516 purity law as it is considered to be a part of the national identity. Until the mid-20th century, the Reinheitsgebot was relatively unknown and applied unevenly across Germany. In the mid-20th century, Bavarian brewers rallied around the Reinheitsgebot to protect themselves against competition amid European market integration. The earliest documented mention of beer by

1998-630: A role in adoption of the rule in Bavaria, to suppress the use of plants that were allegedly used in pagan rituals, such as gruit , henbane , belladonna , or wormwood . The rule also excluded problematic methods of preserving beer, such as soot , stinging nettle and henbane . While some sources refer to the Bavarian law of 1516 as the first law regulating food safety, this is inaccurate, as earlier food safety regulations can be traced back as far as ancient Rome. Similarly, some sources claim that

2109-531: Is a series of regulations limiting the ingredients in beer in Germany and the states of the former Holy Roman Empire . The best known version of the law was adopted in Bavaria in 1516 (by William IV ), but similar regulations predate the Bavarian order, and modern regulations also significantly differ from the 1516 Bavarian version. Although today the Reinheitsgebot is mentioned in various texts about

2220-411: Is likely that brewers of the time preferred to see yeast as a fixture of the brewing process. Yeast produced in one batch was commonly transferred to a subsequent batch, thus giving yeast a more permanent character in the brewing process. A full understanding of the chemical basis of yeast and the fermentation process did not come until much later. The 1516 Bavarian law set the price of beer (depending on

2331-487: Is not to be sold any higher than one Pfennig per Mass. Furthermore, we wish to emphasize that in future in all cities, market-towns and in the country, the only ingredients used for the brewing of beer must be Barley, Hops and Water. Whosoever knowingly disregards or transgresses upon this ordinance, shall be punished by the Court authorities' confiscating such barrels of beer, without fail. Should, however, an innkeeper in

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2442-697: The Canadian National Railway in 1929. The D&H incorporated the Napierville Junction Railway in 1906 to continue the line north from Rouses Point to St. Constant Junction near Montreal , Quebec , from which the D&;H obtained trackage rights over the Grand Trunk Railway to Montreal. This line opened in 1907, forming part of the shortest route between New York City and Montreal. In 1912,

2553-531: The Grand Trunk Railway continued each of the two branches north to Montreal . The D&H obtained trackage rights over the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad in 1886, extending the main line southwest from Scranton to Wilkes-Barre . On July 11, 1889, the D&H bought the Adirondack Railway , a long branch line heading north from Saratoga Springs along the Hudson River. Upon gaining control of

2664-595: The Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company , creating the Lehigh Canal , and inspiring the exploitation of anthracite deposits found by William Wurts in and around Carbondale, Pennsylvania , which led to the development of Scranton . By 1824, the mills of White and Hazard, and the regular large boatloads of anthracite they proved they could supply, tipped the prejudice against anthracite in Philadelphia when

2775-622: The Northeastern United States . In 1991, after more than 150 years as an independent railroad, the D&H was purchased by the Canadian Pacific Railway (CP). CP, which would itself become part of Canadian Pacific Kansas City in 2023, operated D&H under its subsidiary Soo Line Corporation, which also operates Soo Line Railroad . D&H's name originates from the 1823 New York state corporation charter listing "The President, Managers and Company of

2886-689: The Reinheitsgebot was formally incorporated in Greek law by the first Greek king, Otto (originally a Bavarian prince). German brewers at the Tsingtao Brewery in the German colony in Qingdao , China also followed the law voluntarily. In March 1987 French brewers sued and, in the case of Commission v Germany (C-178/84) , the European Court of Justice found that the Reinheitsgebot

2997-625: The Rensselaer and Saratoga Railroad Company in 1871, new repair shops were built north of Albany, New York at Green Island. The following year, shops and a locomotive terminal were added midway between Albany and Binghamton at Oneonta. For 40 years the Green Island Shops and Oneonta Shops were the primary back shops for the system. Some company directors questioned the wisdom of acquiring extensive rail systems in northern New York. A direct line to Albany existed for many years through

3108-668: The Troy Union Railroad from this lease. On March 1, 1873, the D&H got the New York and Canada Railroad chartered as a merger of the Whitehall and Plattsburgh Railroad and Montreal and Plattsburgh Railroad , which had been owned by the Rutland Railroad . This provided an extension , completed in 1875, north from Whitehall to the border with Quebec ; a branch opened in 1876 to Rouses Point . Lines of

3219-695: The right-of-way for the canal was used by the Ellenville and Kingston Railroad , a branch of the New York, Ontario and Western Railway , chartered in 1901 and opened in 1902. In 1903, the D&H organized the Chateaugay and Lake Placid Railway as a consolidation of the Chateaugay Railroad , Chateaugay Railway , and Saranac and Lake Placid Railway . In conjunction with the Plattsburgh and Dannemora Railroad , which had been leased by

3330-405: The "Brandenburg Beer War") Neuzeller Kloster Brewery gained the right to call Schwarzer Abt "Bier" again. The revised Vorläufiges Biergesetz (Provisional Beer Law) of 1993, which replaced the earlier regulations, is a slightly expanded version of the Reinheitsgebot , stipulating that only water, malted barley, hops and yeast be used for any bottom-fermented beer brewed in Germany. In addition,

3441-579: The 1960s until April 30, 1971, when Amtrak thereafter assumed most long-distance passenger-train service. After more than three years of lapsed service, Amtrak introduced the daytime Adirondack over the D&H line on August 6, 1974. In 1964, Norfolk and Western Railway (N&W) filed an application to purchase the Nickel Plate Road and the Wabash Railroad . The Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) approved their purchase, under

Lion Brewery, Inc. - Misplaced Pages Continue

3552-436: The Albany and Susquehanna, agreeing in 1866 to jointly build an extension to Nineveh and subsequently ship coal across the entire line. The two companies then entered into an arrangement whereby the Delaware and Hudson perpetually leased the Albany and Susquehanna for $ 490,000 per year. The connecting Lackawanna and Susquehanna Railroad , chartered in 1867 and opened in 1872, was also absorbed. The Albany and Susquehanna provided

3663-599: The Chateaugay Railroad, this formed a long branch from Plattsburgh west and south to Lake Placid . In 1906, the D&H bought the Quebec Southern Railway and South Shore Railway , merging them into the Quebec, Montreal and Southern Railway . This line ran from St. Lambert , a suburb of Montreal, northeast to Fortierville , most of the way to Quebec City . The D&H sold that line to

3774-747: The D&H South Line from CP. The D&H South Line is 282 miles (454 kilometers) long and connects Schenectady, New York , to Sunbury, Pennsylvania . The D&H South Line consists of two rail lines, the Sunbury Line and the Freight Line. The Nicholson Cutoff is located on the Sunbury Line, which was the former mainline of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad . By the 1790s, industrializing eastern population centers were having increasing troubles getting charcoal to fuel their growing kilns, smithies, and foundries. As local timber

3885-662: The D&H and the Pennsylvania Railroad incorporated the Wilkes-Barre Connecting Railroad , creating an interchange between the two lines at Hanover Township, Pennsylvania , thus avoiding going through downtown Wilkes-Barre. Opened in 1915, this line runs north 6.65 miles to the D&H main line at Hudson , crossing the Susquehanna River twice. Also in 1912, a new shop site was constructed to handle larger locomotives on

3996-525: The D&H for bankruptcy, and they disbanded all of the D&H's operations and assets. Guilford stated that the D&H's assets were worth $ 70 million at the time of the bankruptcy. Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, officials purchased the Carbondale-Scranton route, and it later began to serve a growing number of industries in the valley under the auspices of the designated operator, Delaware-Lackawanna Railroad . The ICC opted to arrange for

4107-456: The D&H leased the Rensselaer and Saratoga Railroad Company , which, along with its leased lines, provided a network stretching north from Albany and Schenectady to Saratoga Springs , and continuing northeast to Rutland, Vermont , as well as an eastern route to Rutland via trackage rights over the Troy and Boston Railroad west of Eagle Bridge . The D&H also obtained a quarter interest in

4218-466: The D&H line, instead of its aging SD40-2 models. This is an indication of the increasing importance of reliable service. Also, major signal and track projects are underway to modernize the former D&H lines. As of 2012, various trackage and haulage rights were assigned to Norfolk Southern Railway (NS) over the D&H between Sunbury and Mechanicville, New York, as was a connection to Canadian National via Rouses Point, New York. NS incorporated

4329-698: The D&H started to act as a bridge line , carrying large amounts of freight between other connecting lines. After the Second World War the D&H, like all railroads in the United States, gradually curtailed passenger service. By 1957, the D&H had ended service between Albany and Lake George (via Fort Edward) and between Albany and North Creek (via Saratoga Springs) in the southeast part of Adirondack Park . The D&H had also ended service on its branch between Plattsburgh and Lyon Mountain during this period. By 1960, service consisted of

4440-532: The D&H to be absorbed into Conrail. Walter G. Rich, the president and CEO of the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway (NYS&W), quickly lobbied against the arrangement, since the D&H had a contract in place to jointly operate intermodal trains with the NYS&;W and CSX Transportation . The federal bankruptcy court agreed to appoint the NYS&W to assume control of the D&H, until another buyer could be found. CSX provided financial support for

4551-525: The D&H trackage was upgraded, and excess trackage was ripped up. The D&H briefly became profitable under CPR ownership, but by 1996, they experienced financial losses again. CPR quickly placed the D&H and other unprofitable trackage in the eastern U.S. and Canada into a separate subsidiary called the St. Lawrence and Hudson Railway . In 2000, the St.L&H was absorbed into CPR. The D&H operates in some of

Lion Brewery, Inc. - Misplaced Pages Continue

4662-483: The D&H's first locomotive , the Stourbridge Lion , made history as the first locomotive to run on rails in the United States. Westward extensions of the railroad opened access to new mines at Archbald in 1843, Valley Junction in 1858, Providence in 1860, and Scranton in 1863. Passenger service began west of Carbondale in 1860. The canal was a successful enterprise for many of its early years, but

4773-496: The D&H; being a more level and direct route to Scranton, this acquisition allowed the D&H to abandon its famed Penn Division between Carbondale and their former Erie/EL connection at Jefferson Junction. The success of this action has often been discredited, since the D&H was too small to compete with the services provided by Conrail, and the railroad doubled in size by gaining trackage rights over Conrail to Newark, Philadelphia, Buffalo, and Washington, D.C. . The remainder of

4884-643: The Delaware & Hudson Canal Co." authorizing an establishment of "water communication" between the Delaware River and the Hudson River . Nicknamed "The Bridge Line to New England and Canada," D&H connected New York with Montreal and New England . D&H has also been known as "North America's oldest continually operated transportation company." On September 19, 2015, the Norfolk Southern Railway completed acquisition of

4995-503: The Delaware and Hudson Railway. In the early 1820s, Philadelphia merchant William Wurts, who enjoyed walking about along Amerindian paths, and what today what is termed taking nature hikes, had heard of possible anthracite in the area, so took a trip to explore the sparsely settled regions of Northeastern Pennsylvania . Finding coal outcrops, he immediately realized the value of the extensive anthracite deposits. Returning to Philadelphia, he successfully interested his brothers in backing

5106-573: The Erie's Pennsylvania Coal Company railroad at Hawley . The Jefferson Railroad (and through it the Erie) obtained trackage rights over the D&H between its two sections, and the D&H obtained trackage rights to Lanesboro. The other part of the main line was the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad , which the D&H leased on February 24, 1870. The Delaware and Hudson already had a history of working with

5217-558: The Lehigh River was damaged by flooding. The news of its rapid repair and restoration together with the fact anthracite stocks had for a time run down, but not out, establishing the reliable sourcing finished off the bias, as did the beginning of mine output reaching the Delaware basin markets due to the long delayed completion of the Schuylkill Canal . Wurts was a large thinker, and inspired his brothers to back forming

5328-499: The NYS&W's takeover, and they underwrote all financial losses from the D&H. In 1991, the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) purchased the D&H for $ 25 million to provide a connection between Montreal and the New York City area, for their transcontinental system. The CPR assumed all operations of the D&H system and eventually phased out the use of the D&H name and logos on locomotives or rolling stock. Under CPR,

5439-616: The Penn Division from Lanesboro, Pennsylvania, to Nineveh, New York, was abandoned after the Belden Hill tunnel was enlarged in 1986. In 1984, Guilford Transportation Industries purchased the D&H as part of a plan to operate a larger regional railroad from Maine and New Brunswick in the east, to New York City and the Midwest in the west, Montreal in the north, and the Philadelphia and Washington metropolitan areas to

5550-741: The Quincy Partners. In 1996, the Quincy Partners took the Lion Brewing Company public by selling shares on the NASDAQ Stock Exchange. Under the supervision of head brewmaster Leo Orlandini, the Brewery Hill line of craft beers was introduced in the 1990s. In 1999 Orlandini was named Mid-Size Brewing Company Brewmaster of the Year at the Great American Beer Festival. In 1999 Chuck Lawson spearheaded

5661-551: The Schenectady, New York, to Sunbury, Pennsylvania, and Delanson to Voorheesville, New York, segments for $ 217 million. On September 19, 2015, NS assumed ownership and operations of its newly-purchased portion of the old D&H mainline. The Delaware and Hudson was one of the longest-operating class I railroads in American history. In the 1930s, during the Great Depression , D&H President L.F. Loree ordered many of

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5772-465: The Stegmaier Brewing Company and the Lion during the 1970s. Stegmaier products produced by the Lion Brewery included: Stegmaier Gold Medal - Stegmaier Export beer was awarded 8 gold medals at European expositions held between 1911 and 1913. As a result, the name of the beer was changed to Stegmaier Gold Medal Export, and finally to Stegmaier Gold Medal. It was the Stegmaier Brewing Company's flagship brand until it closed, and after Lion Brewery acquired

5883-456: The Stegmaier brands in 1974. Gibbons beer continued to be produced until November 2009, when the Lion Brewery stopped packaging beer in 16oz returnable bottles. In 1967 The Lion acquired the labels and recipes of Bartels Brewing Company, which was founded in nearby Edwardsville, Pennsylvania in 1889. Bartels was a traditional darker beer in contrast to Gibbons, which was a lighter modern style. The Bartels label continued to feature "The Professor",

5994-423: The United States is one reason so much venture capital was raised for coal and coal transportation projects after 1823 and into the early 1840s, once Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company had blazed a way forward steadily increasing annual shipping to over a remarkable 28,000 long tons (28,000 t) by 1825. The Delaware and Hudson Canal Company originates from the 1823 New York corporation charter listing

6105-495: The basic regulations of the Reinheitsgebot were incorporated into the West German Biersteuergesetz (Beer Taxation Law). Bavarian law remained stricter than that of the rest of the country, leading to legal conflict during the 1950s and early 1960s. The law initially applied only to bottom-fermented (" lager ") beers, but brewers of other types of beer soon accepted the law as well. Outside of Germany,

6216-567: The big breweries began to take control of the market. Henry Smulowitz passed away in 1960 and the management reorganized with James Swartz as president, Laffe Smulowitz as vice president, and Ted Smulowitz as treasurer and secretary. Leo Swartz continued in his capacity managing the Gibbons distribution until his retirement in 1978 when the Smulowitz family assumed full ownership of the brewery. In 1957, William Smulowitz, Ted's son, started with

6327-503: The brewery resumed operations in the summer of 1933, Charles A. Gibbons was plant manager as well as Secretary Treasurer of the company. The brewery had an annual capacity of 200,000 barrels at that time. The beer it initially produced was marketed as Lion Beer. In 1936, in order to avoid confusion with other similarly named brands, it changed the name of its beer to Gibbons beer (named for Charles Gibbons), which became its flagship brand, and included lager, ale and porter varieties. For most of

6438-427: The brewery, and has been expanded to include craft brew offerings. It is primarily available in Pennsylvania , with limited distribution in other states. Lionshead bottle caps display rebus puzzles originally created by the Falstaff Brewing Corporation. The top of the Lionshead cap has a gold lion's paw on a maroon background and the words "claw off" on it. In the early 2000s, bottles had "The Best Head in Town" on

6549-414: The brewery. He became president of The Lion in 1969 upon James Swartz's death and ran it until 1993, when the Smulowitz family sold the brewery. In 1964, the Brewery received the prestigious La Medaille D'Or award for brewing quality. It was only one of three North American breweries to receive the award that year. In 1967, with consolidation taking place in the brewing industry, Bartels Brewing Company,

6660-432: The canal and river system, so most of the coal markets in the area were already accessible. These concerns were overruled by the majority, who believed great benefit would accrue to having an all-rail route to Upstate New York that was not nearly as vulnerable to winter weather as the canal. Avoiding situations in which the company would have to rely on other railroads to reach its markets also would be desirable. The effort

6771-494: The canal ran northwest on the New York side of the Delaware River, crossing into Pennsylvania on Roebling's Delaware Aqueduct at Lackawaxen and running on the north bank of the Lackawaxen River to Honesdale . To get the anthracite from the Wurts' mine in the Moosic Mountains near Carbondale to the canal at Honesdale, the canal company built the Delaware and Hudson Gravity Railroad . The state of Pennsylvania authorized its construction on April 8, 1826. On August 8, 1829,

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6882-426: The canal was opened to navigation in October 1828. It began at Rondout Creek at the location known as Creeklocks, between Kingston , where the creek fed into the Hudson River , and Rosendale . From there, it proceeded southwest alongside Rondout Creek to Ellenville , continuing through the valley of Sandburg Creek, Homowack Kill, Basha Kill , and Neversink River to Port Jervis on the Delaware River. From there,

6993-531: The community and was charitable, caring towards his employees, generous to those in need, and treated his guests with lavish hospitality. The Stegmaier Brewery was the largest brewery in northeast Pennsylvania for many years. Stegmaier beer won 8 gold medals at European expositions held between 1911 and 1913, which furthered its reputation for quality. Stegmaier survived prohibition by making near-beer. In 1942 Stegmaier produced 510,000 barrels of beer. The loss of population in Northeastern Pennsylvania resulting from

7104-421: The company's management realized that railroads were the future of transportation, and began investing in stock and trackage. In 1898, the canal carried its last loads of coal and was drained and sold. The next year, the company dropped the "Canal" from its name. The remaining fragments of the canal were designated a National Historic Landmark in 1968. As railroads grew in popularity, the canal company recognized

7215-480: The condition that they take over the D&H and the Erie Lackawanna Railway (EL). The N&W subsequently placed the EL and D&H under their new holding company, Dereco, and the D&H company was reorganized as the Delaware and Hudson Rail way . Following the bankruptcy of numerous northeastern U.S. railroads in the 1970s, including D&H and EL, N&W lost control of Dereco stock. After several merger plans fell through, EL petitioned for and became included in

7326-422: The country, city or market-towns buy two or three pails of beer (containing 60 Mass) and sell it again to the common peasantry, he alone shall be permitted to charge one Heller more for the Mass or the Kopf, than mentioned above. Furthermore, should there arise a scarcity and subsequent price increase of the barley (also considering that the times of harvest differ, due to location), WE, the Bavarian Duchy, shall have

7437-454: The demise of the anthracite coal mining industry, together with competition from national breweries hurt Stegmaier's sales. In 1963, it only sold 188,000 barrels of beer. In October 1974 it was announced that The Stegmaier brewery was closing and that The Lion was acquiring Stegmaiers' labels and recipes. In addition to a shrinking customer base and encroachment from national brands, Stegmaier had trouble competing because of antiquated equipment,

7548-452: The developing industries along the Delaware to the Hudson, which helped raise financing. At the time, nearly all the eastern cities were experiencing energy cost increases and difficulty in getting large quantities of fuel, as most nearby timber stands had been used up, often for charcoal production enabling foundries to start up, which now needed fuel to stay in business. This general condition around most long established cities and towns in

7659-415: The entirety of Bavaria on 23 April 1516. As Germany unified, Bavaria pushed for adoption of this law on a national basis (see Broader adoption ). According to the 1516 Bavarian law, the only ingredients that could be used in the production of beer were water , barley and hops . The text does not mention yeast as an ingredient, although yeast was at the time knowingly used in the brewing process. It

7770-459: The first year and sell each barrel for no less than a dollar a piece. If the terms were not met, the land would return to the Delaware and Hudson Company. The brewery formally opened May 25, 1906, and was especially designed to brew Bohemian and Bavarian Beers. Its beers included a pilsner and a porter brewed under the Edelbrau name, and Munchner Bock Beer. Luzerne County Brewing Company went into bankruptcy in May 1908 but continued to operate under

7881-486: The following trains: the daytime Laurentian and overnight Montreal Limited between New York City and Montreal, unnamed local trains between Albany and Rouses Point and Albany and Binghamton, and a commuter train between Albany and Saratoga Springs. The D&H discontinued the Rouses Point locals in July 1960, the Albany–Saratoga commuter train in late 1962, and the Binghamton train on January 24, 1963. The Laurentian and Montreal Limited remained in operation through

7992-413: The formation of the federal government's nascent Consolidated Rail Corporation (Conrail). The D&H was left out of Conrail to maintain a semblance of competition in the northeast. While the D&H was still owned by N&W, they were given financial support and told to "sink or swim" as an independent railroad again. In 1980, Conrail sold their former DL&W main line from Binghamton to Scranton to

8103-568: The former Albany Main from Delanson, New York, to Voorheesville, New York, up for sale. Voorheesville Track is operated under contract by SMS Rail Services. Under the purchase agreement, CPR D&H would retain the lines from Mechanicville, New York, to Mohawk Yard and Rouses Point, New York, to Albany, to retain lucrative Bakken crude-oil traffic. The majority of the current traffic on the offered routes already consisted of NS Intermodal Containers and Auto Rack trains bound for Ayer, Massachusetts , via Pan Am Southern . On November 17, 2014, NS acquired

8214-577: The former bridge-line route into its "Patriot Corridor", and the majority of the traffic on the D&H became that of the NS. In 2017, CPR finished installing an updated signaling system on the line. In 2018, CPR started doing extensive work on the line, possibly in preparation for increased traffic. In October 2014, Canadian Pacific's Delaware & Hudson put a portion of its lines south of CP's Mohawk Yard in Glenville, New York, to Sunbury, Pennsylvania, and

8325-465: The gravity railroad that served it. In January 1825, following a demonstration of anthracite heating in a Wall Street coffeehouse, the D&H's public stock offering raised a million dollars. At the time, the Lehigh Canal had established a reliable flow of increasing annual tonnages, and the industrial and heating uses of 'rock coal' were well established. Ground was broken on July 13, 1825, and

8436-509: The history of beer, historically it was only applied in the duchy , electorate , then Kingdom of Bavaria and from 1906 in Germany as a whole, and it had little or no effect in other countries or regions. The most influential predecessor of the modern Reinheitsgebot was a law first adopted in the Duchy of Bavaria-Munich in 1487. After Bavaria was reunited , the Munich law was adopted across

8547-512: The idea of building a canal to make easier transporting coal to New York City. The city was still feeling the effects of the depletion of stands of woodlands providing heating and cooking firewood and also squeezed by continuing post- War of 1812 import restrictions on British bituminous coal , on which it had once been relying. The canal he proposed (the first sections of the Erie Canal , opened in 1821, creating news coverage) would also tie

8658-517: The importance of replacing the canal with a railroad. The first step of this was the Jefferson Railroad, a line from Carbondale north towards New York, chartered in 1864, built by the Erie Railroad in 1869 and opened in 1872. This was a branch of the Erie, running south from the main line at Lanesboro to Carbondale. Also built as part of this line was a continuation from the other side of the D&H's gravity railroad at Honesdale southeast to

8769-440: The law allows the use of powdered or ground hops and hop extracts, as well as stabilization and fining agents such as PVPP . Top-fermented beer is subject to the same rules, with the addition that a wider variety of malted grains can be used, as well as pure sugars for flavor and coloring. The law's applicability was further limited by a court ruling in 2005, which allowed the sale of beer with different ingredients as long as it

8880-422: The law has been essentially unchanged since its adoption, but as early as the mid-1500s Bavaria began to allow ingredients such as coriander, bay leaf, and wheat. Yeast was also added to modern versions of the law after the discovery of its role in fermentation. The Reinheitsgebot remains the most famous law that regulates the brewing of beer, and continues to influence brewing not only in Germany, but around

8991-511: The law to market German beer internationally, including a failed attempt to have the law added to the UNESCO list of intangible cultural heritages . Breweries in Norway often follow the same rules as in the Reinheitsgebot. Some breweries outside Germany also claim to be compliant to the Reinheitsgebot as part of their marketing, such as: For some vegans the Reinheitsgebot can be seen as

9102-408: The mid-1800s, the popularity of porter led them to add porters to their offerings. Prior to the start of the craft brewing revolution in the 1970s, Yuengling, Stegmaier and Narragansett were the only breweries still producing porters on a regular basis in the United States. (By this time, no British breweries were brewing porters.) For this reason, these breweries have been credited with helping to keep

9213-427: The most rural areas of New York, and very few industrial customers between Binghamton and Rouses Point remain. However, the railroad's current prognosis is arguably better than it has been in a long time. Along with the New York City connection, haulage agreements with other railroads are greatly increasing traffic. CPR has been steadily using its high-power alternating current traction locomotives on its road trains on

9324-507: The neck label. As of 2022, the Lionshead product line included: Lionshead Pilsner - is an American adjunct lager with 4.5% abv that was introduced in 1983 and is made with American malts, corn and hops. An economy brand, it has been popular with college students. Lionshead Light Lionshead IPA - introduced in 2018, with 6.7% abv and 60 IBU. Lionshead Belgian White Ale - introduced in 2018, with 5% abv . Lionshead DIPA -

9435-488: The next 40 years, the brewery traded as Gibbons Brewing Co. The Lion Brewing Company underwent many changes during the ownership of the Smulowitz and Swartz families. In the 1940s, brewery officials sensed changing tastes and successfully introduced the first lighter bodied beer in Northeast Pennsylvania. Post-Prohibition, the beer brewing industry as a whole grew by leaps and bounds until around 1960, when

9546-475: The north side of Albany at Watervliet. Known as the Colonie Shops, they were constructed on 1,100 acres of land for $ 2.5 million and eventually employed 2,500. Thereafter the obsolete repair facilities at Green Island were downgraded. On April 1, 1930, the property of the Delaware and Hudson Company was transferred to the Delaware and Hudson Railroad Corporation , incorporated December 1, 1928. In 1938,

9657-499: The porter style alive. Stegmaier Porter was a Gold Medal winner at the 1997 World Beer Championships. Liebotschaner Cream Ale . Liebotschaner, which means "love of beauty" in German, was first brewed by Charles Stegmaier before 1886 and was made until Prohibition. In 1962 it was revived as a super-premium and was brewed from 100% specially roasted barley malts and imported hops. In mid-1974 Stegmaier stopped brewing Liebotschaner due to

9768-586: The price for one Mass [1,069ml] or one Kopf [bowl-shaped container for fluids, not quite one Mass], is not to exceed one Pfennig Munich value, and From Georgi to Michaelmas, the Mass shall not be sold for more than two Pfennig of the same value, the Kopf not more than three Heller [Heller usually equals one-half Pfennig]. If this not be adhered to, the punishment stated below shall be administered. Should any person brew, or otherwise have, other beer than March beer, it

9879-507: The purchase of the Lion Brewery for 18.5 million dollars, thereby transferring the company back into private hands. The Brewery Hill line of craft beers was rebranded under the Pocono label in 2002. The Lion Brewery hosted its first Oktoberfest celebration in 2005. This festival is designed to promote the brewery and German culture and to give people the chance to learn how beer is made, sample German food, and celebrate. Stegmaier Oktoberfest

9990-698: The railroad's name DELaware ANd hudSON. The village served as a junction point for the railroad and was the location of a large coal pocket (storage yard). The Delaware and Hudson locomotive roster was particularly unique in having models from Alco , GE , EMD , and Baldwin . The Delaware and Hudson also served Alco 's main plant at Schenectady, NY making it a popular road to spot Alco locomotives in operation. rebuilt from class G-1c (653 jointly built by ALCo and D&H) 651 Dabeg, 652 Walschaerts, 653 poppet valve Reinheitsgebot The Reinheitsgebot ( German pronunciation: [ˈʁaɪnhaɪtsɡəˌboːt] ; lit.   ' purity order ' )

10101-411: The railway's larger locomotives to be taken off the main line and serviced with the sole reasoning being to keep men working so they did not lose their jobs. Most of these engines were in excellent condition and did not need repairs. Also in 1939, the railroad experimented with welded rail before many other railroads. The branch of the D&H that ran between Lake Village and Glens Falls, New York ,

10212-519: The right to order curtailments for the good of all concerned. The Bavarian order of 1516 was introduced in part to prevent price competition with bakers for wheat and rye . The restriction of grains to barley was meant to ensure the availability of affordable bread , as wheat and rye were reserved for use by bakers. The rule may have also had a protectionist role, as beers from Northern Germany often contained additives that could not be grown in Bavaria. Religious conservatism may have also played

10323-788: The right to produce Stegmaier products in 1974, it became the Lion's biggest selling brand. Stegmaier IPA - Introduced in 2005 to commemorate the Lion Brewery's 100th anniversary. Seasonal Stegmaier beers include Porter, Pumpkin Ale, Oktoberfest, and Winter Warmer. Stegmaier Porter was first brewed by Charles Stegmaier in the 1800s. Porter originated in England in the early 1700s and became popular in Colonial America, with production concentrated in Pennsylvania. When German brewers like Charles Stegmaier began brewing lager to America in

10434-436: The south. Guilford paid for the D&H for $ 500,000, a price that reflected the D&H's poor financial problems and the poor condition of its physical plant. At the time of the purchase, the D&H had little remaining freight traffic, relying on federal and state money to continue operations. Guilford's plans for expanded operations did not come to fruition. On June 20, 1988, following two intense labor strikes, Guilford filed

10545-439: The time of year and type of beer), limited the profits made by innkeepers, and made confiscation the penalty for making impure beer. The text (translated) of the 1516 Bavarian law is as follows: We hereby proclaim and decree, by Authority of our Province, that henceforth in the Duchy of Bavaria, in the country as well as in the cities and marketplaces, the following rules apply to the sale of beer: From Michaelmas to Georgi ,

10656-402: The unavailability of ingredients. In 1975, after the acquisition of Stegmaier's brands by The Lion, Liebotschaner was revived as a cream ale. Its ingredients were said to be the most expensive of any beer produced by any brewer. Liebotschaner Cream Ale was awarded gold medals at the Great American Beer Festival in 1994, 1995 and 1999. As of 2019 it is available only on draft. The Gibbons brand

10767-421: The unusual name of "The President, Managers and Company of the Delaware & Hudson Canal Co." authorizing an establishment of "water communication" between the Delaware River and the Hudson River . The D&H was chartered by separate laws in the states of New York and Pennsylvania in 1823 and 1826, respectively, allowing William Wurts and his brother Maurice to construct the Delaware and Hudson Canal and

10878-420: The world. Modern versions of the law have contained significant exceptions for different types of beer (such as top-fermented beers), for export beers, and for different regions. The basic law now declares that only malted Barley/ Wheat / Rye , hops, water and yeast are permitted. Reinheitsgebot strictly forbids the use of extenders such as rice, corn, sorghum and other grains favored by American brewers to give

10989-472: Was Manhattan Gold, which was brewed for Manhattan Brewing Company. It has since contract brewed numerous beers for many companies. Stegmaier 1857, an all-malt lager brewed in accordance with the German Reinheitsgebot , was introduced in 1988. It would go on to win many awards, including a gold medal at the 1994 Great American Beer Festival. In 1993, Bill Smulowitz sold the Lion Brewery to

11100-542: Was a loss of brand loyalty and national brands continued to take market share, and sales slipped with time. In 1983 Lionshead beer was introduced. It has since become the flagship brand of the brewery. The 1980s were a period of diversification for The Lion. In 1981, it began brewing Malta, a non-alcoholic malt beverage, for Goya Foods . In 1986 it first produced malt-based wine coolers , and in 1987 began brewing natural soda. In 1987, The Lion also began contract brewing for craft brewers. Its first contract brewed craft beer

11211-491: Was brewed to be the official beer of the festival. Brewery tours are given on Saturday during the festival. Entertainment includes live bands, rides, games, wiener dog races and a fireworks display. On November 1, 2007, Chuck Lawson and Pat Belardi sold The Lion Brewery to private equity investors led by Cliff Risell and Ron Hammond who continued to operate the brewery as a private company. In late 2009 production of beer in 16oz. returnable bottles ended in order to make room for

11322-727: Was converted to the Warren County, New York bikeway in several phases, starting in 1978 and finishing in 2000. Amtrak 's Adirondack and Ethan Allen Express trains also operate over former D&H trackage. The Lyon Mountain Railroad Station at Lyon Mountain, New York , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002 and the Mediterranean Revival style Delaware and Hudson Passenger Station (1909–1911) at Lake George

11433-610: Was denuded, efforts to find an alternative energy source began. During a fuel shortage in Philadelphia during the War of 1812 , an employee at the direction of industrialist Josiah White conducted a series of experiments and discovered a number of ways that anthracite coal could be successfully ignited and burned. The fuel had been seen more as a way to put out a fire than a fuel to build one up, so its use also had to overcome prejudice. White and his partner Erskine Hazard founded

11544-548: Was founded in Wilkes-Barre in 1857 by Charles Stegmaier (1821–1906) a native of Wurtemberg, Germany. Stegmaier became a brewing apprentice at the age of 15 and served as a brewmaster in Wurtemberg before emigrating to the United States in 1849. He initially went to Philadelphia, but in 1851, he relocated to Wilkes-Barre. In 1857 he started a small brewery on Hazel Street, near High Street. As business grew, Stegmaier formed

11655-508: Was helped by a report that estimated necessary upgrades to the canal would cost $ 300,000, an expenditure that would not be needed if rail routes could be purchased or leased. The canal was last used on November 5, 1891, and the gravity railroad closed January 3, 1899. On April 28, 1899, the name was changed to the Delaware and Hudson Company to reflect the lack of a canal, which was sold in June of that year. Between Port Jackson and Ellenville ,

11766-495: Was hired by The Lion, and consumers were assured that Stegmaier was being brewed by The Lion to the exact same formula as it had been previously, (including the use of Stegmaier's yeast). As of 2019, Stegmaier products were distributed in northeastern Pennsylvania. In early 2022, the Lion Brewery sold the Stegmaier labels to the Susquehanna Brewing Company, a company owned by descendants of Charles Stegmaier, including Edward R. Maier who had served as Executive Vice President for both

11877-414: Was introduced in 1936 when the name of Lion Beer was changed to Gibbons in order to avoid confusion with other similarly named brands produced by other brewers. It was named for Charles A. Gibbons, an early officer of Lion, Inc. For many years the brewery produced Gibbons beer, ale and porter, and the brewery traded as Gibbons Brewing Company. Gibbons was the flagship brand of The Lion until the acquisition of

11988-457: Was listed in 2013. The city of Delson in Quebec was named in honor of the D&H, which runs through the town. The origin of the name Delson comes from a contraction of "DELaware and HudSON". The Village of Delanson, New York , through which the D&H's Susquehanna Division ran, was also named in honor of the D&H. The name was coined by D&H Superintendent C.D. Hammond in 1893 from

12099-416: Was not labeled "beer". The law thus became a labeling standard. Exceptions to the current rules can be sought, and have been granted to allow gluten-free beer to be labeled as beer despite the use of different ingredients. Because of strong German consumer preferences, labeling beer as being compliant with Reinheitsgebot is believed to be a valuable marketing tool in Germany. German brewers have used

12210-541: Was protectionist, and therefore in violation of Article 30 of the Treaty of Rome . This ruling concerned only imported beer, so Germany chose to continue to apply the law to beer brewed in Germany. (Greece's version of the Reinheitsgebot was struck down around the same time. ) General food safety and labeling laws may also apply. After German reunification in 1990 the Neuzeller Kloster Brewery ,

12321-535: Was then purchased by the Malt Beverage Company, the president of which was Charles Gibbons. The brewery operated until 1928, when it was raided by Federal agents and was again closed for making high-alcohol beer. The brewery remained closed until the repeal of Prohibition in 1933, when it was purchased by The Lion, Inc., a company owned by two sets of brothers: Henry, Ted, Morris and Louis (Laffe) Smulowitz along with Philip, Leo, and James Swartz. When

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