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21-556: The Luxemburger Zeitung ( German pronunciation: [ˈlʊksm̩ˌbʊʁɡɐ ˈtsaɪtʊŋ] ; transl.  "Luxembourgish Newspaper" ) was a liberal, German-language daily newspaper, which appeared from 9 March 1868 to 29 September 1941 in Luxembourg. It appeared six days a week and was the successor to the French-language Courrier du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg , which had ceased publication three days before

42-499: A trimester's subscription and 7 francs for a subscription outside the fortress. The final preserved edition dates back to 20 December 1868, after its publishers established a new daily German newspaper, the Luxemburger Zeitung (unrelated to the previous paper of that name). Charles Metz Charles Gérard Emmanuel Metz (6 January 1799 – 24 April 1853) was a Luxembourgian politician, journalist, and lawyer. He

63-474: The 1856 coup d’État , which reintroduced press censorship, the Courrier transformed into an opposition newspaper. It criticized both the clergy and the government's "barons," vehemently opposing the policies of Apostolic Vicar Jean-Théodore Laurent . Each edition typically began with a political bulletin summarising the international situation, followed by commentaries, correspondences, and news related to

84-532: The Courrier asserted the need for an organ to defend the country's interests. The Courrier saw itself as more sensitive to the needs of an independent Luxembourg, and closer to the people. However, since it was written in French, it still addressed itself to a relatively educated readership. Departing from the unpopular Orangist stance of its predecessor, the Journal de la Ville et du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ,

105-443: The Courrier became the voice of industrial capital. Consequently, it played a significant role as a democratic newspaper during the 1848 Revolution , addressing the emerging "social question," that is, the concerns of the first industrial workers. Before announcing the abolition of censorship on 18 March 1848, a topic openly criticized by editor Hoffmann in preceding months, the Courrier had consistently voiced its discontent with

126-616: The Luxemburger Zeitung first appeared. Théophile Schroell was the editor and printer. From 1 January 1902 to 14 May 1940 it appeared twice a day, with a morning and an evening edition, the first Luxembourg newspaper to do so. In 1893, Batty Weber became editor-in-chief and culture and entertainment editor. From 1913 to 1940 he wrote the Abreißkalender , an (almost) daily column commenting on social, cultural, economic, artistic and political realities in Luxembourg. As

147-454: The Luxemburger Zeitung had taken a stand in the debate over the education law of 1912 and had advocated in favour of the law and its reforms, the Diocese of Luxembourg made it forbidden to read the newspaper. The latter then experienced financial difficulties and was acquired in 1922 by a group around Emile Mayrisch , the managing director of ARBED . Batty Weber subsequently withdrew from

168-402: The 1848 Revolution in Luxembourg. Owned by factory owner and politician Norbert Metz , who collaborated with his brother, lawyer, and factory owner Charles Metz , the Courrier underwent staffing changes in 1846. The newspaper announced the departure of Schrobilgen, the Journal writer, on 10 January of that year. Victor Hoffman served as the publisher, and the printing was initially done by

189-525: The Estates-General's indifference and the government's inaction on social deprivation. The newspaper featured articles on the escalating poverty, drawing parallels with the Irish famine, discussions on beggars, and the soaring costs of food staples. Special attention was given to the 1848 Paris Revolution , with detailed reports and comprehensive coverage of the sessions of the Estates-General during

210-623: The German invasion of Luxembourg in 1940, Robert continued to edit the Luxemburger Zeitung , making it follow a completely pro-Nazi line. In September its last edition appeared, and Jean-Pierre Robert subsequently went to work for the Luxemburger Wort . Courrier du Grand-Duch%C3%A9 de Luxembourg On 3 July 1844, the Luxembourg printer Lamort released the inaugural edition of the Courrier du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg. Just three days previously, on 29 June 1844, he had discontinued

231-460: The Grand-Duchy. The arts section occupied the bottom third of the front page, featuring diverse content such as multi-part narratives, travel accounts, local history articles, and rare poems. International news was often sourced from foreign newspapers, and the fourth page was dedicated to advertisements. Originally appearing on Wednesdays and Saturdays in 4 pages with 3 columns, the Courrier

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252-778: The Lamort printing house, later taken over by Victor Bück until the Metz brothers established their printing house for the Courrier . The early period of the Courrier was marked by the vigorous struggle against the Catholic newspaper, the Luxemburger Zeitung , founded in May 1844. In this matter the Courrier was supported by the Diekircher Wochenblatt . Under the Restoration government (established in 1853) and after

273-624: The conservative Orangist Mathieu-Lambert Schrobilgen , with whom the ideological split became more and more apparent over time. During 1848, Metz was elected to the Constituent Assembly , being elected to represent the cantons of Esch and Luxembourg , but opting to represent the latter. The Metz brothers narrowly failed to defer Luxembourg sending a delegation from Luxembourg to the Frankfurt Parliament , although their position cost them their potential part in

294-732: The newly established University of Liège , graduating in 1822. Metz first became politically active as a pro-Belgian spokesperson during the Belgian Revolution . In the National Congress called in Brussels , Metz was one of sixteen deputies representing the arrondissement of Luxembourg (claimed in its entirety by Belgium). In 1836, Metz moved to Arlon , where he established a newspaper, L'Echo de Luxembourg , to promote Luxembourgian and liberal interests, along with Emmanuel Servais and Victor Tesch . In 1837, Metz

315-518: The political aspect of the newspaper, and Jean-Pierre Robert became the new editor-in-chief. Mayrisch's successor, Aloyse Meyer made sure after 1933 that the newspaper did not publish anything that might offend the Germans. The editor-in-chief Robert was the right choice for this; the Luxemburger Zeitung was the only Luxembourg newspaper that was not banned in Germany once Hitler came to power. After

336-441: The publication of the pro-government Journal de la Ville et du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg . For the Courrier , he even retained the same banner font as the Journal without alteration. While the newspaper maintained its visual continuity from the Journal , there was a shift in its political orientation. Emphasising the autonomy of the state, administration, and customs as distinguishing factors for Luxembourg from its neighbors,

357-488: The steel company Auguste Metz & Cie in 1838, but he played little active role in its operations. Metz was allowed to return to the (smaller) Grand Duchy of Luxembourg to practise law in 1842. With the collapse of the Orangist Journal de la Ville et du Pays Luxembourg in 1844, Metz went about establishing the new Courrier de Luxembourg , along with his brother Norbert and other leading liberals, as well as

378-714: The three-man delegation. The Metz brothers were elected to the inaugural Chamber of Deputies . Charles was elected the first President of the Chamber , which he remained until his death on 24 April 1853. In Edmond de la Fontaine 's 1848 satirical poem D’Vulleparlament am Grengewald , Metz was depicted as a crow, the president of the parliament of birds. He married Justine Vannérus on 26 December 1827 in Diekirch . Vannérus died in 1849, by which time they had seven children, of whom three (Jules, Irma, and Léonie) survived to adulthood. Metz's only son, Jules, followed his father at

399-686: Was a prominent pro-Belgian in the Belgian Revolution , serving in the Belgian national legislature, before entering the Chamber of Deputies of Luxembourg, of which he was the first President , from 1848 to 1853. Charles was born in Luxembourg City in 1799 to Jean Metz and Anne-Marie-Justine Gérard. He studied at the Athénée de Luxembourg and the lycée in Metz , France , before reading law at

420-530: Was accompanied by a 2 to 4-page supplement during periods of heightened political activity. The postal subscription cost 5 florins per semester. After January 1856, it appeared on Thursdays and Sundays, followed by a shift to Wednesdays, Fridays, and Sundays after January 1857. On 1 January 1860, it became the sole daily newspaper and adopted a large folio format in July, with pages divided into four columns. Described as an evening newspaper, it then cost 5,50 francs for

441-724: Was elected to the Chamber of Representatives , representing Grevenmacher until 1841. He urged the Belgians to enter negotiations with the Netherlands , but spoke against the Third Partition of Luxembourg , ultimately voting against the Treaty of London . In 1839, he stood for election to the Chamber of Representatives for Bastogne , but lost, remaining as representative of now-partitioned Grevenmacher. Metz, along with his younger brothers Auguste and Norbert , established

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