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72-451: Despite the governorate being one of the top destinations for tourists in Egypt, the poverty rate is more than 60% in this governorate but recently some social safety networks have been provided in the form of financial assistance and job opportunities. The funding has been coordinated by the country's Ministry of Finance and with assistance from international organizations. The governorate

144-685: A monarchy to rule over the previously decentralised Israelite tribal confederacy. Increasing pressure from the Philistines and other neighboring tribes is said by the Bible to have forced the Israelites to unite as a more singular state. The northern Kingdom of Israel was destroyed in c.  720 BCE by the Neo-Assyrian Empire and its population was forcibly restructured through imperial policy. The southern Kingdom of Judah

216-648: A phenomenon known in Hebrew as yerida ("descent", in contrast to aliyah , which means "ascent"). Emigrants have various reasons for leaving, but there is generally a combination of economic and political concerns. The main Israeli ethnic and religious groups are as follows: Among the Israeli-born Jewish population, most are descended from Ashkenazi Jews , Mizrahi Jews , Sephardic Jews , Ethiopian Jews , and other Jewish ethnic divisions . Due to

288-409: A security presence in all tourist cities, and addressing cases of trespassing. Given Egypt's Middle Eastern and African status, and its location in the midst of a regional conflict zone, it has been subject to several unfortunate terrorist incidents, the most famous of which are: All these incidents have combined to negatively affected the tourism sector. However, during the 2010s and especially after

360-607: A suit. In 2007, Ornan's suit was joined by former minister Shulamit Aloni and other activists. In the ruling, Justice Hanan Melcer noted Israel currently considers "citizenship and nationality [to be] separate." The term "Israelite" refers to members of the Jewish tribes and polities of the Iron Age known from the Hebrew Bible and extra-biblical historical and archaeological sources. The term "Israeli", by contrast, refers to

432-522: Is accessible from the airport by bus, taxi, or limousine. Located in central Egypt, Luxor International Airport serves the Nile Valley and acts as a gateway to tourist destinations of the region. It has connections from the UK, Germany, Russia, France, Italy, and Turkey. Two terminals serve international and domestic flights, with a number of Egyptian carriers including Air Cairo and Egypt Air operating from

504-785: Is also a significant African population in the southern Israeli cities of Eilat, Arad and Beer Sheva. Approximately 100–200 refugees from Bosnia , Kosovo , and North Korea live in Israel as refugees, most of them with Israeli resident status. Through the years, the majority of Israelis who emigrated from Israel went to the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. It is currently estimated that there are 330,000 native-born Israelis, including 230,000 Jews, living abroad, or even more. The number of immigrants to Israel who later returned to their home countries or moved elsewhere

576-679: Is also a significant population of Israeli Druze , estimated at 117,500 at the end of 2006. All Druze in British Mandate Palestine became Israeli citizens upon the foundation of the State of Israel. There are about 7,000 Maronite Christian Israelis, living mostly in the Galilee but also in Haifa , Nazareth , and Jerusalem . They are mostly pro-Israeli Lebanese former militia members and their families who fled Lebanon after

648-567: Is disputed and controversial, but it is estimated that at least 16,000 refugees, mainly from Eritrea , Sudan , South Sudan , Ethiopia and the Ivory Coast , reside and work in Israel. A check in late 2011, published in Ynet reported that the number just in Tel Aviv is 40,000, which represents 10 percent of the city's population. The vast majority lives in the southern parts of the city. There

720-486: Is divided into the following municipal divisions with a total estimated population as of January 2023 of 1,388,666. In some instances, there is a markaz and a kism with the same name. The emblem of Luxor represents the bust of Tutankhamun on board an Ancient Egyptian canoe boat, cruising in the Nile , with an obelisk and the sunlight in the background. The governorate's total area is 2960 km, representing 0.24% of

792-750: Is estimated at 200–400. Most of them came to Israel between 1976 and 1979, after the Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin granted them political asylum. The Vietnamese people living in Israel are Israeli citizens who also serve in the Israel Defense Forces . Today, the majority of the community lives in the Gush Dan area in the center of Israel but also a few dozen Vietnamese-Israelis or Israelis of Vietnamese origin live in Haifa , Jerusalem and Ofakim . The number and status of African refugees in Israel

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864-413: Is more difficult to calculate. For many years definitive data on Israeli emigration was unavailable. In The Israeli Diaspora sociologist Stephen J. Gold maintains that calculation of Jewish emigration has been a contentious issue, explaining, "Since Zionism, the philosophy that underlies the existence of the Jewish state, calls for return home of the world's Jews, the opposite movement – Israelis leaving

936-538: Is no limit on the amount of currency which the visitors may bring to Egypt, however, they must declare the currency and amount upon arrival and departure with bank receipts. There may be restrictions on the amount of currency that can be taken outside of Egypt, and generally it should not exceed E£5,000 . Peak tourist season in Egypt runs from mid October to May, during winter and spring. From May until October daytime temperatures are relatively high, especially in Luxor and

1008-749: Is responsible for developing plans to secure tourists and protect antiquities, museums, and cultural facilities within the framework of the general plan of the Egyptian Ministry of Interior . In order to fulfill the components of that mission, the administration secures the movement of tourist groups by closely monitoring or accompanying tour groups, securing tourist and archaeological facilities and sites, securing tourist and Nile cruises, combating crimes that tourists may be exposed to and archaeological crimes, following-up with tourism companies and shops and receiving notifications of tourists' complaints against them, providing police rescue vehicles that ensure

1080-583: The 2000 withdrawal of IDF from South Lebanon . Some, however, are from local Galilean communities such as Jish . There are about 1,000 Coptic Israeli citizens. In September 2014, Israel recognized the "Aramean" ethnic identity of hundreds of the Christian citizens of Israel. This recognition comes after about seven years of activity by the Aramean Christian Foundation in Israel – Aram, led by IDF Major Shadi Khalloul Risho and

1152-587: The Americas introduced new cultural elements to Israeli society and have had a profound impact on modern Israeli culture. Since Israel's independence in 1948, Israelis and people of Israeli descent have had a considerable diaspora , which largely overlaps with the Jewish diaspora but also with that of other ethnic and religious groups; it is estimated that almost 10 percent of the general Israeli population lives abroad, particularly in Russia (with Moscow housing

1224-737: The Bedouin . Israeli Bedouin include those who live in the north of the country, for the most part in villages and towns, and the Bedouin in the Negev , who are semi-nomadic or live in towns or unrecognized Bedouin villages . In 1999, 110,000 Bedouin lived in the Negev, 50,000 in the Galilee and 10,000 in the central region of Israel. As of 2013, the Negev Bedouin number 200,000–210,000. There

1296-684: The Egypt–Libya border . The currency of Egypt is the Egyptian pound ( E£ or ج.م – abbreviated to "LE" or "L.E." – livre égyptienne , "Egyptian pound" in French). The pound is divided into 100 piastres. The approximate official exchange rate for US$ 1 is E£15.75 as of April 2020. The Central Bank of Egypt controls the circulation of currency. As of May 2009, the currency notes in circulation have denominations of E£200 , E£100 , E£50 , E£20 , E£10 , E£5 , E£1 and 50 PT. and 25 PT. There

1368-727: The Israeli-occupied West Bank , 190,000 in East Jerusalem , and 20,000 in the Golan Heights . Among Jews, 70.3% were born in Israel ( sabras ), mostly from the second or third generation of their family in the country, and the rest are Jewish immigrants . Of the Jewish immigrants, 20.5% were from Europe and the Americas, and 9.2% were from Asia, Africa, and Middle Eastern countries . Nearly half of all Israeli Jews are descended from immigrants from

1440-693: The Red Sea coast and the Famous El Gouna Resort 25 km Hurghada . The civilization of Ancient Egypt left many monuments and temples that have become attractions for modern-day visitors to Egypt. These include: Pyramids : there are more than 70 pyramids along the Nile, with the three pyramids of Giza being the best-known. The Sphinx , a lion-bodied guard, stands beside pyramids in Giza. The pyramids were built more than 4,000 years ago in

1512-604: The United Kingdom 2001 Census , as many as 11,892 Israelis lived in the United Kingdom in 2001. The majority live in London . In 2013 a three-judge panel of the Supreme Court of Israel 's headed by Court President Asher Grunis rejected an appeal requesting that state-issued identification cards state the nationality of citizens as "Israeli" rather than their religion of origin. In his opinion, Grunis stated that it

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1584-451: The former Soviet Union most of whom are Zera Yisrael (descendants of Jews) who are Russians , Ukrainians , Moldovans and Belarusians , who were eligible to immigrate due to having, or being married to somebody who has, at least one Jewish grandparent. In addition, a certain number of former Soviet citizens, primarily women of Russian and Ukrainian ethnicity, immigrated to Israel after marrying Arab citizens of Israel who went to study in

1656-596: The 2017 rankings being rated 75th overall. As of the 2019 rankings, Egypt ranks 65th overall. Israelis can cross into Egypt for 14 days without a visa at certain areas near Taba. They mostly come to enjoy areas on the Red Sea Riviera . In 2017, the first group of Israelis visited the more popular tourist attractions with the aid of strong security. It had been 18 months since any group of Israeli tourists had visited Egypt. In 2017, Bloomberg said Egypt has "shed its years of social and political unrest" and made

1728-702: The Arab citizens of Israel are Sunni Muslim, while 9% of them are Christian , and 7.1% of them are Druze . As of 2013, the Arab population of Israel amounts to 1,658,000, about 20.7% of the population. This figure include 209,000 Arabs (14% of the Israeli Arab population) in East Jerusalem, also counted in the Palestinian statistics, although 98 percent of East Jerusalem Palestinians have either Israeli residency or Israeli citizenship. According to

1800-656: The Central Bank of Egypt (CBE), Egypt's revenues from tourism for the months of 2020-2021 fiscal year plunged by 67.4%. According to Khaled al-Anani , the average number of tourists who visited Egypt in April 2021 is nearly half of the average monthly number of 2019. The highest number of tourist arrivals to Egypt in 2019 (before the international Coronavirus pandemic) was from Germany (2.5 million arrivals) followed by Ukraine (1.5 million), Saudi Arabia (1.4 million) and Libya (0.75 million). Major tourist destinations include

1872-781: The European Jewish diaspora. Approximately the same number are descended from immigrants from Arab countries, Iran, Turkey and Central Asia. Over 200,000 are of Ethiopian and Indian-Jewish descent. The official Israel Central Bureau of Statistics estimate of the Israeli Jewish population does not include those Israeli citizens, mostly descended from immigrants from the Soviet Union , who are registered as "others", or their immediate family members. Defined as non-Jews and non-Arabs, they make up about 3.5% of Israelis (350,000), and were eligible for Israeli citizenship under

1944-620: The Former Soviet Union such as Tatars , Armenians , and Georgians . In Israel, there are also a few thousand Circassians , living mostly in Kfar Kama (2,000) and Reyhaniye (1,000). These two villages were a part of a greater group of Circassian villages around the Golan Heights . The Circassians in Israel enjoy, like Druzes , a status aparte . Male Circassians (at their leader's request) are mandated for military service, while females are not. Non-Jewish immigrants from

2016-937: The Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics census in 2010, the Arab population in Israel lives in 134 Arabic towns and villages ; around 44% of them live in towns, while 48% of them in villages with the status of Local council , and around 4% live in small villages that are part of Regional council . The Arab population in Israel is located in five main areas: Galilee (54.6% of total Israeli Arabs), Triangle (23.5% of total Israeli Arabs), Golan Heights , East Jerusalem , and Northern Negev (13.5% of total Israeli Arabs). Around 8.4% of Israeli Arabs live in officially mixed Jewish-Arab cities (excluding Arab residents in East Jerusalem), in Haifa , Lod , Ramle , Jaffa - Tel Aviv , Acre , Nof HaGalil , and Ma'alot Tarshiha . The Arab citizens of Israel also include

2088-917: The Israeli Christian Recruitment Forum, headed by Father Gabriel Naddaf of the Greek-Orthodox Church and Major Ihab Shlayan. The Aramean ethnic identity will now encompass all the Christian Eastern Syriac churches in Israel, including the Maronite Church , Greek Orthodox Church, Greek Catholic Church, Syriac Catholic Church and Syriac Orthodox Church. There are around 1,000 Assyrians living in Israel, mostly in Jerusalem and Nazareth . Assyrians are an Aramaic -speaking, Eastern Rite Christian minority who are descended from

2160-413: The Jewish state to reside elsewhere – clearly presents an ideological and demographic problem." Among the most common reasons for emigration of Israelis from Israel are most often due to Israel's ongoing security issues, economic constraints, economic characteristics, disappointment in the Israeli government, as well as the excessive role of religion in the lives of Israelis. Many Israelis immigrated to

2232-644: The Jews to develop autonomous institutions such as the Histadrut and the Knesset. The resulting influx of Jewish immigrants, as well as the creation of many new settlements, was crucial for the functioning of these new institutions in what would, on 14 May 1948, become the State of Israel . By 1960, 25% of Israelis were Holocaust survivors. The largest cities in the country Haifa , Tel Aviv , and Jerusalem are also

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2304-658: The Law of Return. Israel's official language is Hebrew , which serves as the language of government and is spoken by the majority of the population. Arabic is spoken by the Arab minority and by some members of the Mizrahi Jewish community. English is studied in school and is spoken by the majority of the population as a second language. Other languages spoken in Israel include Russian, Yiddish , Spanish, Ladino , Amharic , Armenian, Romanian, and French. In recent decades, between 650,000 and 1,300,000 Israelis have emigrated,

2376-570: The Memorial for the eight, was established in 1971 by a group of Finnish Christian Israelis, though today most members are Israeli, and predominantly Hebrew-speaking. The Samaritans are an ethnoreligious group of the Levant . Ancestrally, they are descended from a group of Israelite inhabitants who have connections to ancient Samaria from the beginning of the Babylonian captivity up to

2448-562: The Nile’s locks are open. From around the middle of April locks on the river are closed in order to manage water levels, requiring passengers to disembark on one side of the lock and transfer to another boat on the other side. Passports and visas are required for foreign visitors except nationals of several Middle Eastern countries. Travelers from most African countries must present proof of cholera and yellow fever vaccination. There are nine international airports in Egypt that serve all of

2520-464: The Red Sea resorts where prices remain lower compared to 2011. In the first half of 2014, the number of tourists further declined by 25 percent compared with the same period in 2013, while revenues also shrank by 25 percent. In 2013, Egypt ranked 85th as the world's best country in terms of tourism and traveling, falling ten places from its ranking of 75 in 2011. However, it regained some ground in

2592-408: The United States throughout the period of the declaration of the state of Israel and until today. Today, the descendants of these people are known as Israeli-Americans. According to the 2000 United States Census , 106,839 Americans also hold Israeli citizenship, but the number of Americans of Israeli descent is around half a million. Moscow has the largest single Israeli expatriate community in

2664-403: The airport. The airport is located close to the city centre and taxis, limos and regular buses are available for transfers into the city. Egyptian Railways is the backbone of passenger transportation in Egypt, with 800 million passenger miles annually. Air-conditioned passenger trains usually have 1st and 2nd class service, while trains without air condition will have 2nd and 3rd class. Most of

2736-821: The ancient Mesopotamians . The old Syriac Orthodox monastery of Saint Mark lies in Jerusalem. Other than followers of the Syriac Orthodox Church, there are also followers of the Assyrian Church of the East and the Chaldean Catholic Church living in Israel. The African Hebrew Israelite Nation of Jerusalem is a small religious community whose members believe they are descended from the Ten Lost Tribes of Israel. Most of

2808-626: The beginning of the Common Era . Population estimates made in 2007 show that of the 712 Samaritans, half live in Holon in Israel and half at Mount Gerizim in the West Bank. The Holon community holds Israeli citizenship, while the Gerizim community resides at an Israeli-controlled enclave ( Kiryat Luza ), holding dual Israeli-Palestinian citizenship. The number of Vietnamese people in Israel

2880-546: The citizens of the modern State of Israel, regardless of them being Jewish, Arabs, or of any other ethnicity. The modern State of Israel revived an old name known from the Hebrew Bible and from historical sources, that of the Iron Age Kingdom of Israel. The Bible differentiates between a period of tribal rule among the "children of Israel"; a Kingdom of Israel uniting all twelve biblical Israelite tribes, with

2952-430: The coastal areas. In 1979, tourism experts and advisors were brought in from Turkey and several new colleges were established with Turkish help between 1979 and 1981, to teach diploma courses in hospitality and tourism management. The tourist inflow increased to 1.8 million in 1981 and then to 5.5 million in 2000. Tourists arrivals reached a pinnacle in 2010 by reaching 14.7 million visitors. Revenues from tourism reached

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3024-602: The common capital known as the City of David (Jerusalem); and a period in which the northern tribes split away to form an independent Kingdom of Israel , while the southern tribes became part of the Kingdom of Judah . Archaeological research only partially agrees with the biblical narrative. According to the biblical account, the United Monarchy was formed when there was a large popular expression in favour of introducing

3096-553: The country's area. At the 2012 census, the population of the area which in 2024 was formed into the new Luxor Governorate was 1,429,281 people. 47.4% of them lived in urban areas, while 52.6% lived in rural areas. The annual population growth rate is 18.2 per thousand. . According to the Egyptian Governing Authority for Investment and Free Zones (GAFI), in affiliation with the Ministry of Investment (MOI),

3168-404: The county's major cities including Cairo International Airport , Sphinx Airport, Sohag Airport and Taba International Airport . Cairo International Airport is the main gateway to Egypt and is located about 15 miles northeast of the city in northern Egypt. Cairo's three terminals receive flights from all major world cities including those in North America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Central Cairo

3240-632: The cultural heritage of many immigrant groups, is popular. There is also flourishing modern dance. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics, at the end of 2014, 75% of Israelis were Jewish by religion (adherents of Judaism ), 17.5% were Muslims , 2% Christian , 1.6% Druze and the remaining 3.9% (including immigrants) were not classified by religion. Roughly 12% of Israeli Jews defined as haredim (ultra-orthodox religious); an additional 9% are "religious"; 35% consider themselves "traditionalists" (not strictly adhering to Jewish religious law ); and 43% are "secular" (termed " hiloni "). Among

3312-613: The early 1960s, moved to Liberia for a few years, and then immigrated to Israel. There are about 4,000–10,000 Armenian citizens of Israel (not including Armenian Jews). They live mostly in Jerusalem, including the Armenian Quarter , but also in Tel Aviv, Haifa and Jaffa. Their religious activities center around the Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem as well as churches in Jerusalem, Haifa and Jaffa. Although Armenians of Old Jerusalem have Israeli identity cards, they are officially holders of Jordanian passports. A number of immigrants also belong to various non-Slavic ethnic groups from

3384-518: The economy from 1975 onwards, as Egypt eased visa restrictions for almost all European and North American countries and established embassies in new countries like Austria , Netherlands , Denmark and Finland . In 1976, tourism was a focal point of the Five Year Plan of the Government, where 12% of the budget was allocated to upgrading state-owned hotels, establishing a loan fund for private hotels, and upgrading infrastructure (including road, rail, and air connectivity) for major tourist centers along with

3456-429: The eras of Kings Cheops , Kefren and Mykerinos . These three kings' bodies were buried within the pyramids. The pyramid of Cheops is the largest at 145 meters in height, and is referred to as the Great Pyramid. Saqqara Complex : The vast necropolis of Saqqara including Memphis is located 24 kilometers south of central Cairo . Memphis was founded in about 3000 BC by Menes , along with 11 other pyramids. Memphis

3528-421: The first century CE. Two Jewish revolts, the second one ending in 135 CE, led to the large-scale decimation of the Jewish population in Judea and the end of any type of Jewish territorial self-rule in the southern Levant for many centuries to come. Palestine was part of the Ottoman Empire from 1516 until it was taken by British forces in 1918. The British establishment of colonial political boundaries allowed

3600-546: The following industrial zones are located in this governorate: Tourism in Egypt Tourism is one of the leading sources of income, crucial to Egypt's economy . At its peak in 2010, the sector employed about 12% of workforce of Egypt, serving approximately 14.7 million visitors to Egypt , and providing revenues of nearly $ 12.5 billion as well as contributing more than 11% of GDP and 14.4% of foreign currency revenues. The number of tourists in Egypt stood at 0.1 million in 1952. Tourism became an important sector of

3672-555: The former Soviet Union in the 1970s and 1980s. The total number of those primarily of Slavic ancestry among Israeli citizens is around 300,000. Although most Finns in Israel are either Finnish Jews or their descendants, a small number of Finnish Christians moved to Israel in the 1940s before the independence of the state and have since gained citizenship. For the most part the original Finnish settlers intermarried with other Israeli communities, and therefore remain very small in number. A moshav near Jerusalem named " Yad HaShmona ", meaning

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3744-434: The highest point at $ 12.6 billion in the fiscal year 2018–2019. In the year 2020, tourism-related revenues dropped nearly seventy percent to $ 4 billion. Citing the Tourism and Antiquities Minister Khaled El-Enany, Egypt's tourist arrivals plunged to 3.5 million in 2020. In February 2022, the managing director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), Kristalina Georgieva in a publication disclosed that Egypt's tourism sector

3816-478: The historically large Mizrahi population and decades of ethnic intermixing, over 50% of Israel's current Jewish population is of at least partial Mizrahi descent. The CBS traces the paternal country of origin of Israeli Jews as of 2010 is as follows. A large part of Mandate -period Arab Palestinians remained within Israel's borders following the 1948 exodus and are the largest group of Arabic-speaking and culturally Arab citizens of Israel. The vast majority of

3888-496: The major cultural centers, known for art museums, and many towns and kibbutzim have smaller high-quality museums. Israeli music is very versatile and combines elements of both western and eastern, religious and secular music. It tends to be very eclectic and contains a wide variety of influences from the Diaspora and more modern cultural importation: Hassidic songs, Asian and Arab pop, especially by Yemenite singers, and Israeli hip hop or heavy metal . Folk dancing, which draws upon

3960-422: The millennia-old monuments in the Nile Valley . Principal among them are the Pyramids and Great Sphinx at Giza , the Abu Simbel temples south of Aswan and the Karnak Temple Complex and Valley of the Kings near Luxor . Attractions in Cairo include the Cairo Museum and the Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha . The coast of the Sinai Peninsula has well-visited seaside resorts, in addition to Hurghada City on

4032-417: The most recent 2017 Hurghada attack , tourism returned and regained its activity quickly to achieve high annual revenues. Most tourists arriving in Egypt in 2019 came from the following territories: Most tourists to Egypt came from the following countries In 2020, Egypt's tourism revenue dropped by about 70% to US$ 4 billion, reducing tourist arrivals to 3.5 million from 13.1 million in 2019. As stated by

4104-414: The national figure, followed by other ethnic and religious minorities , who account for 5 percent. Early Israeli culture was largely defined by communities of the Jewish diaspora who had made aliyah to British Palestine from Europe , Western Asia , and North Africa in the late-19th and early-20th centuries. Later Jewish immigration from Ethiopia , the states of the former Soviet Union , and

4176-433: The network connects the densely populated area of the Nile Delta with Cairo and Alexandria as hubs. The Alexandria-Cairo-Luxor-Aswan link is served daily in both directions by air-conditioned sleeper trains of Abela Egypt. This service is especially attractive to tourists who can spend the night on the train as it covers the stretch between Cairo and Luxor. A luxury express train also connects Cairo with Marsa Matruh towards

4248-435: The over 5,000 members live in Dimona, Israel although there are additional, smaller, groups in Arad , Mitzpe Ramon , and the Tiberias area. At least some of them consider themselves to be Jewish, but Israeli authorities do not accept them as such, nor are their religious practices consistent with "mainstream Jewish tradition." The group, which consists of African Americans and their descendants, originated in Chicago in

4320-443: The period of the declaration of the state of Israel and until today. Today, the descendants of these people are known as Israeli-Canadians. According to the Canada 2006 Census as many as 21,320 Israelis lived in Canada in 2006. Many Israelis immigrated to the United Kingdom throughout and since the period of the declaration of the state of Israel . Today, the descendants of these people are known as Israeli-British. According to

4392-400: The rock of the Valley of Kings. There are further tombs in the Valley of the Queens . Cruises are offered along the Nile ranging from short tours between Luxor and Aswan to longer cruises that include the northern town of Dendera . In the past, it used to work all the way from Cairo to Aswan for more than two weeks, but due to the development of the Nile, they stopped doing Nile Cruises all

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4464-477: The single largest Israeli community outside of Israel), India , Canada , the United Kingdom , the United States , and throughout Europe. As of 2013, Israel's population is 8 million, of which the Israeli civil government records 75.3% as Jews , 20.7% as non-Jewish Arabs , and 4.0% other. Israel's official census includes Israeli settlers in the occupied territories (referred to as " disputed " by Israel). 280,000 Israeli settlers live in settlements in

4536-499: The south of Egypt, but temperatures fall abruptly at night, especially in the desert. In summer southern Egypt is very hot with low air humidity. Israelis Israelis ( Hebrew : יִשְׂרְאֵלִים‎ , romanized :  Yīśreʾēlīm ; Arabic : إسرائيليون , romanized :  Isrāʾīliyyūn ) are the citizens and nationals of the State of Israel . The country's populace is composed primarily of Jews and Arabs , who respectively account for 75 percent and 20 percent of

4608-428: The southern parts of the country. Egypt is one of the hottest and sunniest countries in the world. With the exception of a strip along the Mediterranean coast, Egypt has a desert climate, being entirely within the Sahara . The Mediterranean coastal strip has an average annual rainfall of 100–200 mm. In central and southern Egypt several years may pass without any significant rain. Winters are generally warm in

4680-425: The top 20 list of 2017 travel destinations. The latest United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) has revealed that Egypt is one of the world's fast-growing tourist destination. In 2017, the number rose to 8 million tourists compared to the previous year which was about 5.26 million. The tasks of tourism security in Egypt are carried out by the General Administration of Tourism and Antiquities Police, which

4752-404: The various historical sites see along the river during Nile cruises. Many cruises are aboard a larger vessel that functions as a floating hotel. Other Nile trips can be on a felucca , a traditional sailboat, on which overnight journeys may require passengers to sleep in the open air on deck and the sailors to double as cooks. Between October and mid April the daytime temperatures are cooler and

4824-401: The way from Cairo, and it is now working from Luxor to Aswan except few Nile Cruises that started again to do long Cruise from Cairo to Aswan. Nile cruising started during the early 19th century when Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt made his journey up and down the Nile. The late 19th century saw the publication of a novel written by a Miss Edwards. The novel, titled The Nile and its Monuments , details

4896-410: The world, with 80,000 Israeli citizens living in the city as of 2014, almost all of them native Russian-speakers. Many Israeli cultural events are hosted for the community, and many live part of the year in Israel. (To cater to the Israeli community, Israeli cultural centres are located in Moscow , Saint Petersburg , Novosibirsk and Yekaterinburg .) Many Israelis immigrated to Canada throughout

4968-415: Was conquered by the Neo-Babylonian Empire (586 BCE), inherited by the Achaemenid Empire , conquered by Alexander the Great (332 BCE), ruled by the resulting Hellenistic empires, from which it regained authonomy and eventually independence under the Hasmoneans , conquered by the Roman Republic in 63 BCE, ruled by the client kings of the Herodian dynasty , and finally transformed into a Roman province during

5040-475: Was not within the court's purview to determine new categories of ethnicity or nationhood. The court's decision responded to a petition by Uzzi Ornan, who refused to be identified as Jewish in 1948 at the foundation of the state of Israel, claiming instead that he was "Hebrew." This was permitted by Israeli authorities at the time. However, by 2000, Ornan wanted to register his nationality as "Israeli". The Interior Ministry refused to allow this, prompting Ornan to file

5112-452: Was the administrative capital of ancient Egypt. Saqqara has Zoser's funerary complex, Mereruka 's tomb and the Serapeum , a complex of subterranean vaults that housed mummified Apis bulls, some in gargantuan granite coffins. Valley of the Kings in Thebes : Due to theft from tombs within pyramids, 26 pharaohs of the eighteenth to twentieth dynasties including Tutankhamun , Ramses the Great and Tuthmosis III had their tombs carved into

5184-611: Was the biggest loser from the coronavirus outbreak . During the Egyptian Revolution of 2011 , the number of visitors plummeted by over 37 percent, falling from 14 million in 2010 to 9 million by the end of 2011. This has impacted a diverse range of businesses directly or indirectly dependent on tourism, from travel accommodation and tourist attractions to car rental and air transportation, as well as health and wellness industries. Tour operators offering heavy discounts to encourage tourists back have been somewhat successful at

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