Great Britain
71-738: The Lunenburg Rebellion (also known as "The Hoffman Insurrection") was an insurrection in December 1753 by the new settlers at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia , over poor living conditions as well as weariness of the Foreign Protestant settlers from repeated resettlement by the British. It was led by army captain John Hoffman within the first year of settlement, against the British, amidst the backdrop of Father Le Loutre's War (1749-1755) between Britain and France . Halifax, Nova Scotia
142-536: A palisade along the neck of land where the village was laid out. The settlers spent the summer building shelters for the winter and, not having been able to conduct any fishing or farming, had to be provisioned from Halifax. When the settlers became dissatisfied with the distribution of provisions and due to general distrust and frustration from mistreatment by the British, they rose in armed rebellion in The Lunenburg Rebellion and briefly declared
213-503: A Mi'kmaq force from Chignecto raided Major Ezekiel Gilman's sawmill at present-day Dartmouth, Nova Scotia , killing four workers and wounding two. In response, Cornwallis issued a proclamation offering a bounty for the capture or scalps of Mi'kmaw men and for the capture of women and children: "every Indian you shall destroy (upon producing his Scalp as the Custom is) or every Indian taken, Man, Woman or Child." In this Cornwallis followed
284-742: A paper maker, and Catherine Huet, the daughter of a paper maker, in the parish of Saint-Matthieu in Morlaix , France in Brittany . In 1730, the young Le Loutre entered the Séminaire du Saint-Esprit in Paris ; both his parents had already died. After completing his training, Le Loutre transferred to the Séminaire des Missions Étrangères (Seminary of Foreign Missions) in March 1737, as he intended to serve
355-640: A population of 2,396 living in 1,089 of its 1,242 total private dwellings, a change of 5.9% from its 2016 population of 2,263 . With a land area of 4.04 km (1.56 sq mi), it had a population density of 593.1/km (1,536.0/sq mi) in 2021. In 2016, the majority of the population is English-speaking Canadian Protestants . At 58, the median age is higher than the provincial median of 46. Household incomes are similar to provincial averages. Jean-Louis Le Loutre Father Le Loutre’s War Abbé Jean-Louis Le Loutre ( French: [ʒɑ̃lwi ləlutʁ] ; 26 September 1709 – 30 September 1772)
426-527: A republic, only to be put down by troops led by Colonel Robert Monckton . Others defected to the Acadian side. In 1754, the town had a sawmill and a store. In 1755, after the expulsion of the Acadians , the British needed to repopulate vacated lands. It offered generous land grants to colonists from New England , which was experiencing a severe shortage in land. Today these immigrants are referred to as
497-539: A result, Governor Peregrine Hopson received warnings from Fort Edward that as many as 300 natives nearby were prepared to oppose the settlement of Lunenburg and intended to attack upon the arrival of settlers. The move was part of the British government's campaign to establish Protestants in Nova Scotia against the power of Catholic Acadians. In June 1753, 1400 German and French Protestant settlers, supervised by British Officer Charles Lawrence and protected by
568-577: A young Scotsman and recruiting agent, to recruit Foreign Protestants and promised them land, a year's subsistence, and arms and tools. Transportation was not free, although some settlers were able to finance their passage by contracting their labour to the government. Dick was criticized for collecting 'in general old miserable wretches', misleading prospective settlers about New World conditions, exploiting their labour, and overcrowding ships. In total, he transported over 2700 "Germans and Swiss", many of which were French Huguenots from Lorraine . Although
639-565: Is divided into 50 municipalities , of which Lunenburg is one. The town is also within Lunenburg County , which was created for court sessional purposes in the 1860s and today has no government of its own, but the borders of which are coincident with certain provincial and federal electoral districts such as the Lunenburg Provincial Electoral District , and census districts. The county also covers
710-414: Is moderate, owing to its coastal location which helps to limit extremes in temperatures. This means it is slightly milder in winter and slightly cooler in summer than most areas at similar latitudes. Lunenburg enjoys warm, breezy summers with temperatures in the low to mid 20s °C (70s °F). It is seldom hot and humid. Winters are cold and frequently wet. Heavy winter snowfall can occur, but Lunenburg's snowpack
781-637: Is often referred to as "The Hoffman Insurrection," because it was led by John Hoffman, one of the army captains who had established the settlers in the town. Hoffman, a previous Justice of Peace at Halifax, led a mob that eventually locked up in one of the blockhouses the Justice of the Peace and some of Commander Patrick Sutherland's troops. The rebels then declared a republic. Commander Patrick Sutherland at Lunenburg asked for reinforcements from Halifax and Lawrence sent Colonel Robert Monckton with troops to suppress
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#1732794457892852-590: Is the part of town which is protected by UNESCO. It is also the site of the old harbour. About 40 buildings in this area are on the Canadian Register of Historic Places including: The Lunenburg Opera House is also in this area, though built in 1909, and not on the registry. In 2005, the province of Nova Scotia bought 17 waterfront buildings from Clearwater Foods, the owner of the High Liner Foods brand, to ensure their preservation. Ownership
923-476: Is usually short lived due to frequent winter rains and regular freeze-thaw cycles. Thick fog and damp conditions can occur at any time of year, but especially in spring. Seasonal lag due to cooler ocean temperatures means that spring conditions arrive in Lunenburg late in the season, often not until mid May. On the whole, Lunenburg precipitation is high from November to May, with July, August and September enjoying
994-625: The New England Planters . Lunenburg was raided in 1756 by a mixed group of Mi'kmaq and Maliseet raiders, devastating the town. The attacks continued on the British with the Lunenburg Campaign of 1758 . Hostilities with Mi'kmaq ended around 1760. During the American Revolution , privateers from the rebelling colonies raided Lunenburg, including the 1782 raid , devastating the town once again. The town
1065-453: The guerrilla resistance to the British building forts in the Acadian villages, because the French army was unable to fight the British, who possessed the territory. Le Loutre and the French were established at Beauséjour, just opposite Beaubassin. Charles Lawrence first tried to establish control over Beauséjour and then at Beaubassin early in 1750, but his forces were repelled by Le Loutre,
1136-599: The 1700s to the New World. Under the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht , France ceded the part of Acadia today known as peninsular Nova Scotia to Britain. To guard against Mi'kmaq, Acadian and French colonial attacks, the British erected Fort George in 1749 at Citadel Hill Halifax and founded the town of Halifax. The British sought to settle the lands with loyal subjects, and recruited more than 1,400 Foreign Protestants , mostly artisans and farmers, from Europe in July 1753 to populate
1207-581: The 1800s, Lunenburg prospered through shipping, trade, fishing, farming, shipbuilding, and outgrew its original boundaries. The town was extended into the east and west of the Old Town into what is now known as the New Town. This area includes about a dozen buildings on the Canadian Register of Historic Places. Government in Nova Scotia has only two tiers: provincial and municipal. The province
1278-460: The Acadians could escape the risk of starvation. Granted additional monies, Le Loutre sailed back to Acadia with other missionaries in 1753. In 1754 Bishop Henri-Marie Dubreil de Pontbriand of Quebec appointed Le Loutre vicar-general of Acadia. He continued to encourage the Mi'kmaq to harass the British. He directed Acadians from Minas and Port Royal to assist in building a cathedral at Beauséjour. It
1349-470: The Acadians from leaving as the English preferred to retain their substantial economic value in farming. However, deputies of the Acadian communities presented him with a petition to allow them to refuse to take arms against fellow Frenchman or they would leave. Cornwallis strongly refused their request and directed them that if they left, they could not take any belongings, and warned them that if they went to
1420-466: The British Navy ships, a unit of Regular soldiers under Major Patrick Sutherland, and a unit of rangers under Joseph Gorham, established the village of Lunenberg. The settlement was founded by two British army officers John Creighton and Patrick Sutherland and German-immigrant local official Dettlieb Christopher Jessen . As a desperate solution to the "foreigner" problem, it was decided to move
1491-471: The British built forts in the major Acadian communities: Fort Edward (at Piziquid), Fort Vieux Logis at Grand Pré and Fort Lawrence (at Beaubassin ). They were also interested in building forts in the various Acadian communities to control the local populations. Le Loutre wrote to the minister of the Marine, "As we cannot openly oppose the English ventures, I think that we cannot do better than to incite
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#17327944578921562-544: The British government intended to settle these Foreign Protestant settlers in agricultural communities, such as the Bay of Fundy , most remained in Halifax because of uncertainty over Acadian land titles. The Foreign Protestant settlers did not like the "shanty town" and complained of an inability to obtain land, building materials, as well as having to pay high rents and prices. These settlers not receiving what they were promised and
1633-501: The Foreign Protestants to Merligash (renamed Lunenburg), under the direction of Charles Lawrence. On 19 June 1753 they were given town lots and within two months it was reported by Lawrence that although the settlers had set up homes and gardens, the settlers were 'inconceivably turbulent, I might have said mutinous'. The Protestant settlers were fed up with not receiving promised farmland and the treatment they'd received at
1704-659: The French position. Le Loutre may have been involved in two raids on the British at Annapolis Royal. The first Siege of Fort Anne was made in July 1744 but ended after four days due to the failure of French naval support to arrive. A second attempt in September was orchestrated by François Dupont Duvivier . Without with siege guns and cannon, Duvivier could make little headway. In the late-spring/early summer Nova Scotia Lieutenant-Governor Paul Mascarene wrote to Massachusetts governor William Shirley requesting military aid. Gorham's Rangers arrived in late September to reinforce
1775-547: The Mi'kmaq to continue warring on the English; my plan is to persuade the Mi'kmaq to send word to the English that they will not permit new settlements to be made in Acadia. … I shall do my best to make it look to the English as if this plan comes from the Mi'kmaq and that I have no part in it." Governor General Jacques-Pierre de Taffanel de la Jonquière, Marquis de la Jonquière , wrote in 1749 to his superior in France, "It will be
1846-415: The Mi'kmaq, and Acadians. On 23 April, Lawrence was unsuccessful in setting a base at Chignecto because Le Loutre burned the village of Beaubassin, preventing Lawrence from using its supplies to establish a fort. Defeated at Beaubassin, Lawrence went to Piziquid where he built Fort Edward ; he forced the Acadians to destroy their church and replaced it with the British fort. Lawrence eventually returned to
1917-539: The US. The Lunenburg Cure was the term for a style of dried and salted cod that the city exported to markets in the Caribbean. Today a large hammered copper cod weather vane is mounted on the spire of St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church . The Smith & Rhuland shipyard built many boats, including Bluenose (1921), Flora Alberta (1941), Sherman Zwicker (1942), Bluenose II (1963), Bounty (1961), and
1988-417: The agreement of the two captains, Le Loutre wrote to Ramezay suggesting an attack be made on Annapolis Royal without the full expedition; but his advice was not acted upon. They waited over two months for the expedition to arrive; slowed by contrary winds and ravaged by disease, the expedition returned home. After the failed expedition, Le Loutre returned to France. While in France, he made two attempts during
2059-541: The area north of the Missaguash River they would still be in English territory and still be British subjects. The Cobequid Acadians wrote to the people in Beaubassin about British soldiers who, "... came furtively during the night to take our pastor [Girard] and our four deputies .... [A British officer] read the orders by which he was authorized to seize all the muskets in our houses, thereby reducing us to
2130-524: The area of Beaubassin to build Fort Lawrence . He encountered continued resistance there, with the Mi'kmaq and Acadians dug in before Lawrence's return to defend the remains of the village. Le Loutre was joined by the Acadian militia leader Joseph Broussard . They were eventually overwhelmed by force, and the New Englanders erected Fort Lawrence at Beaubassin. In the spring of 1751, the French countered by building Fort Beauséjour . Le Loutre saved
2201-636: The autumn of 1737. He spent about a year at Malagawatch, Île-Royale , working with missionary Pierre Maillard to learn the Miꞌkmaq language . Le Loutre was assigned to replace Abbé de Saint-Vincent, at the Mission Sainte-Anne in Shubenacadie . He left for Saint-Anne's on 22 September 1738. His duties included the French posts at Cobequid and Tatamagouche . Lawrence Armstrong was lieutenant-governor at Annapolis Royal . Although Armstrong
Lunenburg Rebellion - Misplaced Pages Continue
2272-437: The bell from Notre Dame d'Assumption Church in Beaubassin and put it in the cathedral he had built beside Fort Beauséjour. In 1752 he proposed a plan to the French court to destroy Fort Lawrence and return Beaubassin to the Mi'kmaq and Acadians. Both New England and New France military officials made allies of the aboriginal tribes in their struggles for control. The aboriginal allies also engaged independently in warfare against
2343-632: The church abroad. Most of the priests associated with the Paris Foreign Missions Society were assigned as missionaries to Asia, particularly during the nineteenth century, but Le Loutre was assigned to eastern Canada and the Mi'kmaq , an Algonquian -speaking people. Le Loutre arrived at mainland Nova Scotia in 1738. Shortly after being ordained, Le Loutre sailed for Acadia and arrived in Louisbourg , Île-Royale, New France in
2414-658: The church at Beaubassin when that village was burned. The defeat was the catalyst for the Deportation of the Acadians . The bell is held at the Fort Beauséjour National Historic Site. Aware of his risk, Le Loutre escaped to Quebec through the woods. In the late summer, he returned to Louisbourg and sailed for France. His ship was seized by the British in September 1755, and Le Loutre was taken prisoner. After three months in Plymouth , he
2485-433: The colonists and opposing tribes, without their English or French allies. Often aboriginal allies fought on their own while the imperial powers tried to conceal their involvement in such initiatives, to prevent igniting large-scale warfare between England and France. Le Loutre worked with the Mi'kmaq to harass British settlers and prevent the expansion of British settlements. By the time Cornwallis had arrived in Halifax, there
2556-597: The condition of the Irish .... Thus we see ourselves on the brink of destruction, liable to be captured and transported to the English islands and to lose our religion." Despite Cornwallis' threats, most Acadians in the Cobequid followed Le Loutre. The priest tried to establish new communities, but found it difficult to supply the new settlers, the Mi'qmaq, and the garrisons at Fort Beauséjour and Île Saint-Jean (now Prince Edward Island) with food and other necessities. Finding
2627-575: The example set in New England. He set the price at the same rate that the Mi'kmaq received from the French for British scalps. Rangers scoured the area around Halifax looking for Mi'kmaq, but never found any. With the founding of Halifax and the British occupation of Nova Scotia intensifying, Le Loutre led the Acadians who lived in the Cobequid region of mainland Nova Scotia to New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island . Cornwallis tried to prevent
2698-443: The first time to a force of New Englanders . After the capture of Louisberg, the British attempted to lure La Loutre to come there for his own safety, but he chose to go to Québec to confer with the authorities. They made Le Loutre their liaison with the Mi'kmaq, who were already at war with the British along the frontier. Thus the French government could work with the Mi'kmaq militia in Acadia. Yet another attempt at Annapolis Royal
2769-481: The garrison. Wampanoag , Nauset , and Pequawket members were offered bounties for Mi'kmaq scalps and prisoners as part of their pay. The Mi'kmaq's withdrew and Duvivier was forced to retreat back to Grand Pré in early October. After the two attacks on Annapolis Royal, Massachusetts Governor William Shirley put a bounty on the Passamaquoddy , Mi’kmaq and Maliseet . The following year, Louisburg fell for
2840-485: The hands of the British. In mid-December 1753, within six months of their arrival at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia , the new settlers rebelled against the British, supported by Father Jean-Louis Le Loutre . The incident appears to have been sparked by rumours created by Jean Pettrequin of a letter from London , that the settlers were not receiving all support authorized by the British Parliament. The rebellion
2911-508: The hardships they endured to that point led to building frustrations. Because of problems with these settlers, the British government stopped recruiting Foreign Protestants in 1752. In the spring of 1753, it became public knowledge that the British were planning to unilaterally establish the settlement of Lunenburg, without negotiating with the Mi'kmaq people. The British decision was a continuation of violations of an earlier treaty and undermined Chief Jean-Baptiste Cope 's 1752 Peace Treaty. As
Lunenburg Rebellion - Misplaced Pages Continue
2982-471: The landscape. Glaciers abraded and plucked at the bedrock during their advances across the country, creating various deposits that vary in thickness, including drumlins , which are a key feature of Lunenburg County. The coastline in the area is heavily indented, and the town is on an isthmus on the Fairhaven Peninsula, with harbours on both the front and back sides. The climate of Lunenburg
3053-399: The leaders of New France formulated plans to retake what the British called Nova Scotia with an assault on the capital, which the British had renamed Annapolis Royal. During King George's War , the neutrality of Le Loutre and the Acadians was tested. By the end of the war, most British officials who had been sympathetic toward the Acadians concluded that they and Le Loutre were supportive of
3124-463: The living conditions deplorable at New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, he made repeated appeals in 1752 for aid from the authorities in Quebec . He returned to France to seek funds, which he gained in 1753 from the courts, for the purpose of building dykes in Acadia. Protecting low-lying lands from the tides would enable their use as pasture for cattle and development with cultivation for crops, so
3195-508: The missionaries who will manage all the negotiation, and direct the movement of the savages, who are in excellent hands, as the Reverend Father Germain and Monsieur l'Abbe Le Loutre are very capable of making the most of them, and using them to the greatest advantage for our interests. They will manage their intrigue in such a way as not to appear in it." As an official peace existed between France and Britain, Le Loutre led
3266-410: The rebellion. Monckton arrested Hoffman and took him to Halifax. Hoffman was charged with planning to join the French and take a large number of settlers with him. He was fined and imprisoned on Georges Island (Nova Scotia) for two years, after what appears to be Nova Scotia's first (aborted) treason trial in 1754. After the rebellion a number of the French and German-speaking Foreign Protestants left
3337-503: The replica HMS Surprise (1970). In 1967 the yard was taken over by Scotia Trawler Equipment Limited. After the end of World War II, shipbuilders switched from producing schooners to trawlers , aided by migrant labour from Newfoundland. Lunenburg is in a natural harbour at the western side of Mahone Bay , about 100 km (62 mi) southwest of Downtown Halifax . The area is built largely on Cambrian to Ordovician sedimentary deposits . The last glacial period transformed
3408-535: The rule of the British since the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. The British were settled mostly in the capital Annapolis Royal , while Acadians and the native Mi'kmaq occupied the rest of the region. Île-Royale (present-day Cape Breton Island ) remained under French control, as it had been granted to the French under the Treaty of Utrecht, and the mainland portion of Acadia (present-day Nova Scotia and New Brunswick )
3479-845: The same terrain as the Municipality of the District of Lunenburg which surrounds, but does not include, Bridgewater , Lunenburg, and Mahone Bay , as they are incorporated separately and not part of the district municipality. According to the 2016 census, the most common National Occupational Classification was sales and services, with 24 per cent of jobs. By the North American Industry Classification System , about half of all jobs were in health care and social assistance, accommodation and food services, manufacturing, and retail. High Liner Foods runs Canada's largest secondary fish-processing plant in
3550-685: The site in the warm summer months. Acadians settled in the area around the 1620s. The Acadians and Mi’kmaq co-existed peacefully and some intermarried, creating networks of trade and kinship. In 1688, 10 Acadians and 11 Mi’kmaq were resident with dwellings and a small area of cultivated land. By 1745, there were eight families. When Edward Cornwallis , newly appointed Governor of Nova Scotia , visited in 1749, he reported several Mi’kmaq and Acadian families living together at Mirliguèche in comfortable houses and said they "appeared to be doing well." Britain and France carried their military conflicts in Europe in
3621-562: The site the best example of planned British colonial settlement in North America, as it retains its original layout and appearance of the 1800s, including local wooden vernacular architecture . UNESCO considers the town in need of protection because the future of its traditional economic underpinnings, the Atlantic fishery, is now very uncertain. The historic core of the town is also a National Historic Site of Canada . Lunenburg
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#17327944578923692-411: The site. The British had failed to provide promised land in Halifax to many of these settlers and they had become frustrated, causing problems for the British. The resettlement thus served the additional purpose of removing many of the Foreign Protestants from Halifax. Led by Charles Lawrence , the settlers were accompanied by about 160 soldiers. They assembled prefabricated blockhouses and constructed
3763-408: The town was one of the first British attempts to settle Protestants in Nova Scotia. Historically, Lunenburg's economy relied on the offshore fishery, and today it hosts Canada's largest secondary fish-processing plant. The town experienced prosperity in the late 1800s, and many of its architectural gems date back to that era. In 1995, UNESCO designated it a World Heritage Site . UNESCO considers
3834-400: The town. The town's architecture and picturesque location make it attractive to the film industry. The dramatic and climactic wedding scenes of the award winning Canadian movie Cloudburst starring Olympia Dukakis were filmed in Lunenburg. Other films set in New England and filmed partly in Lunenburg include The Covenant and Dolores Claiborne . The 2010 Japanese movie Hanamizuki
3905-553: The village to join Le Loutre and the Acadians. The rebellion and fallout of the rebellion was considered by the British to be yet another mark against the Acadians, who continued to seek neutrality while farming lands the British intended to settle new colonists on. Lunenburg, Nova Scotia Lunenburg ( / ˈ l uː n ə n b ɜːr ɡ / ) is a port town on the South Shore of Nova Scotia , Canada. Founded in 1753,
3976-462: The war to return to Acadia. On both occasions he was imprisoned by the English. In 1749, after the war, he finally returned. Le Loutre moved his base of operation in 1749 from Shubenacadie to Pointe-à-Beauséjour on the Isthmus of Chignecto . When Le Loutre arrived at Beauséjour, France and England were disputing the ownership of present-day New Brunswick. A year after they established Halifax in 1749,
4047-405: The warmest and driest conditions. Fall is typically bright, clear and cool. Jan: 1° Feb: 2° Mar: 5° Apr: 11° May: 15° Jun: 21° Jul: 23° Aug: 24° Sep: 21° Oct: 15° Nov: 9° Dec: 4° The original planned town was built on a steep south-facing hillside. It was laid out with compact lots in a rectangular grid pattern of narrow streets without regard to the topography. It is now known as the Old Town, and
4118-567: The waterfront are still used by business. The shipyard ABCO Industries was founded in 1947 on the site of the World War II Norwegian military training facility Camp Norway , and now builds welded aluminum vessels. Lunenburg Shipyard is owned and operated by Lunenburg Industrial Foundry & Engineering. It offers a dry dock, manufacturing and machining, a carpentry shop, and a foundry capable of pouring 272 kg castings . There are wharves for commercial inshore fishing. In
4189-565: Was British and contested by the French. In 1738, the French had no formal military presence at mainland Nova Scotia because they had been evicted in 1713. The Acadians had refused to sign a loyalty oath to the British Crown since the defeat in Port-Royal in 1710, but the settlers were unable to assist French efforts to recapture Nova Scotia without French military support. Le Loutre was born in 1709 to Jean-Maurice Le Loutre Després,
4260-599: Was a Catholic priest and missionary for the Paris Foreign Missions Society . Le Loutre became the leader of the French forces and the Acadian and Mi'kmaq militias during King George's War and Father Le Loutre's War in the eighteenth-century struggle for power between the French , Acadians , and Miꞌkmaq against the British over Acadia (present-day Nova Scotia and New Brunswick ). Nova Scotia had been under
4331-635: Was a long history of conflict between the Wabanaki Confederacy (which included the Mi'kmaq) and the British. Governor Edward Cornwallis was informed in August that two vessels were attacked by the Indians at Canso whereby "three English and seven Indians were killed." Council believed the attack had been orchestrated by an Abbe Le Loutre. The Governor offered a reward of £50 for capture of La Loutre dead or alive. On September 30, 1749 when
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#17327944578924402-446: Was an exact replica of the original Notre-Dame de Québec Cathedral . A month after the cathedral was completed, the British attacked . Upon the imminent fall of Fort Beauséjour, Le Loutre burned the cathedral to the ground to prevent its falling into the hands of the British. He had the bell removed and saved. Not only were such cast bells expensive, that particular bell was a symbolic act of hope for rebuilding, as he had brought it from
4473-582: Was fortified at the beginning of the War of 1812 . The British officials authorised the privateer Lunenburg, operated by Lunenburg residents, to raid American shipping. Over the following years, port activities transitioned from coastal trade and local mixed fisheries, to offshore fisheries. During the Prohibition in the United States between 1920 and 1933, Lunenburg was a base for rum-running to
4544-529: Was held in Elizabeth Castle , Jersey , for eight years, until after the signing of the Treaty of Paris (1763) that ended the Seven Years' War . After that, he tried to help Acadians deported to France to settle in areas such as Morlaix , Saint-Malo , and Poitou . Le Loutre died at Nantes on 30 September 1772 on a trip to Poitou to show Acadians the land. He was buried the following day at
4615-493: Was initially annoyed that La Loutre hadn't presented himself at Annapolis Royale, on the whole, La Loutre's relations with the British authorities remained cordial. The conquest of Acadia by Great Britain began with the 1710 capture of the provincial capital, Port Royal. In the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, France formally ceded Acadia to Britain. However, there was disagreement about the provincial boundaries, and some Acadians also resisted British rule. With renewed war imminent in 1744,
4686-488: Was named in 1753 after the Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg who had become King George II of Great Britain . The Acadian inhabitants of the site had called it Mirliguèche, a French spelling of a Mi'kmaq name of uncertain meaning. An earlier Mi'kmaq name was āseedĭk, meaning clam-land. The Mi'kmaq have lived in a territory from the present site of Lunenburg to Mahone Bay. At one point, as many as 300 Mi'kmaq people inhabited
4757-399: Was organized with Jean-Baptiste Nicolas Roch de Ramezay and the ill-fated Duc d'Anville Expedition in 1746. With Louisbourg captured by the British, Le Loutre became the liaison between the Acadian settlers and French expeditions by land and sea. The authorities directed him to receive the expedition at Baie de Chibouctou ( Halifax Harbour in present-day Halifax, Nova Scotia ). Le Loutre
4828-470: Was partly set and filmed in Lunenburg. Further, the supernatural drama television show Haven was partly filmed there throughout its 5 season run, though the story is set in the U.S. State of Maine. The 2012 film The Disappeared , the 2020 television series Locke & Key , and the fourth season of the 2017 television series The Sinner were filmed in Lunenburg. In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Lunenburg had
4899-481: Was the first British colony settled at public expense, from 1749-1764. The goal of this project was to provide a preferred or loyal population to contend with Acadians for land and resources. Issues with the initial settlement of Halifax led to the British government, desperate in its search for a new source of settlers, to turn to settling Nova Scotia with "Foreign Protestants" made up of Swiss, French Huguenots, and Germans. The British Board of Trade hired John Dick,
4970-705: Was transferred to the Lunenburg Waterfront Association. Shipbuilding infrastructure worth $ 1.5 million was added to the Lunenburg waterfront as part of the Bluenose II restoration project, which started in 2010. The site of the Smith & Rhuland shipyard is now a recreational marina. The Fisheries Museum of the Atlantic , part of the Nova Scotia Museum , includes a small fleet of vessels, including Bluenose II. Parts of
5041-495: Was virtually the only person to know the signals to identify the ships of the fleet. He had to coordinate the operations of the naval force with those of the army of Ramezay, sent to retake Acadia by capturing Annapolis Royal early in June 1746. Ramezay and his detachment arrived at Beaubassin (near present-day Amherst, Nova Scotia ) in July, when only two frigates of the French squadron had reached Baie de Chibouctou. Without seeking
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