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39-572: Luster is centered around the inner branch of the Sognefjord , which is called the Lustrafjorden . Its landscape includes fjords, steep mountains, water-abundant waterfalls, blue glaciers, and valleys. Both Jostedalsbreen National Park and Breheimen National Park are partially located in this municipality. The Sognefjellsvegen road goes over a mountain pass in eastern Luster. The 2,706-square-kilometre (1,045 sq mi) municipality

78-691: A submerged tube in mid-water anchored to floats. This will avoid storms on the surface, and will not have to go over a kilometer deep to get below the bed of the fjord. There are many ferry crossings of the Sognefjord. One of the ferryboats that traverses this fjord is the MV Ampere , the world's first battery-electric car ferry, which crosses the fjord between the towns of Lavik and Ytre Oppedal . Diocese of Bj%C3%B8rgvin The Diocese of Bjørgvin ( Norwegian : Bjørgvin bispedømme )

117-423: A maximum depth of 1,308 metres (4,291 ft) below sea level, and the greatest depths are found in the central parts of the fjord near Høyanger . Sognefjord is more than 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) deep for about 100 kilometres (60 mi) of its length, from Rutledal to Hermansverk . Near its mouth, the bottom rises abruptly to a sill about 100 metres (330 ft) below sea level. The seabed in Sognefjord

156-508: Is at Sogndal . Several rivers pour fresh water into the fjord with an annual "spring" flood in June. The mouth of the fjord is surrounded by many islands including Sula , Losna , and Hiserøyna . The Sognefjord cuts through a northwestern gneiss area with a south-west to north-east structure, and penetrates the Caledonian fold through in the inner part. There is no clear relation between

195-725: Is bordered by four municipalities in Vestland county: Stryn to the north, Sunnfjord to the west, Sogndal to the southwest, and Årdal to the southeast. It is also bordered by three municipalities in Innlandet county: Skjåk to the northeast and by Lom and Vang to the east. With a vertical drop of 218 metres (715 ft), the Feigumfoss Waterfall is one of the highest in Scandinavia . The Hurrungane , Breheimen , and Jotunheimen mountains cover parts of

234-474: Is covered by some 200-metre-thick (660 ft) sediments such that the bedrock is some 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) below sea level. The fjord is up to six kilometres ( 3 + 1 ⁄ 2  mi) wide. The average width of the main branch of the Sognefjord is less than five kilometres (3 mi). The depth increases gradually from Årdal to a central basin reaching more than 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) in depth located between Leikanger and Brekke . From Brekke

273-528: Is governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor is indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council. The municipality is under the jurisdiction of the Sogn og Fjordane District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal . The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Luster is made up of 25 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show

312-665: Is located in the municipality of Luster. Other glaciers include the Austerdalsbreen , Harbardsbreen and Spørteggbreen . The inhabitants of Luster make their living by farming, growing berries and fruit, tourism , and hydroelectricity . Jøstedal and Fortun have large hydroelectric power stations. Summer tourism is quite busy. Tourist activities include mountain climbing, skiing, fishing, hiking, and hunting. The Sognefjellsvegen tourist road passes through Luster. Fishing permits (for salmon fishing) are sold for use on specific rivers, including Årøy-elva. Urnes Stave Church

351-660: Is one of the 11 dioceses that make up the Church of Norway . It includes all of the churches located in the county of Vestland in Western Norway , and those outside of Norway in the Seamen's Church . The cathedral city is Bergen , Norway's second largest city. Bergen Cathedral , formerly the Church of Saint Olaf, serves as the seat of the presiding Bishop. The Bishop since 2023 has been Ragnhild Jepsen . Prior to 1536,

390-514: Is the 17th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Luster is the 176th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,302. The municipality's population density is 2 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.2/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.2% during the previous 10-year period. In 2016, the chief of police for Vestlandet formally suggested a reconfiguration of police districts and stations. He proposed that

429-503: The Christian gospel. The Old Gaupne Church is a magnificent church that was built in 1647 on a hill directly opposite Gaupne centre. Dale Church is a stone church that was built in gothic style in the year 1250. The Breheim Center contains a comprehensive exhibition. A journey through 20,000 years - from the Ice age to the present day, an audio/visual show takes visitors inside

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468-621: The Feigumfoss waterfall at 218 metres (715 ft) tall. The river Jostedøla runs through the Jostedal valley and empties into the fjord at Gaupne. The Jostedalsbreen glacier (including the arm called Nigardsbreen ) is the biggest glacier in continental Europe , the highest point on it is Høgste Breakulen . It is located west of Jostedal , north of Gaupne , in Jostedalsbreen National Park , much of which

507-669: The Geirangerfjord in Møre og Romsdal , the Nærøyfjord is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . From the village of Flåm, the Flåm Railway climbs 864 metres (2,835 ft) up to Myrdal Station in a distance of only 20 kilometres (12 mi)— one of the steepest unassisted railway climb in the world. Around the inner end of the fjord, three of Norway's famous stave churches have survived: Kaupanger and Urnes (along

546-584: The Scandinavian Mountains . This uplift, that occurred long before the Quaternary glaciations , enabled rivers to incise deeply the Paleic relief . An estimate of 7610 km of rock has been eroded from the Sognefjord drainage basin since the Paleic surface formed. The fluvial and glacial erosion that made the fjords has followed structural weaknesses in the crust . During

585-492: The Sognefjord is southeast of a mountain range rising to about 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) above sea level and covered by the Jostedalsbreen , continental Europe's largest glacier . Thus the climate of the inner end of Sognefjorden and its branches are not as wet as on the outer coastline. Hurrungane range at the eastern end of the fjord reaches 2,400 metres (7,900 ft). The greatest elevation from seabed to summit

624-482: The animal carvings of the Viking age. The dragons are lovingly executed and transformed into long-limbed creatures of fantasy, here and there entwined with tendrils of vine, with winding stems and serrated leaves. The elaborate designs are executed with supreme artistic skill. The stave church doorways are, therefore, among the most distinctive works of art to be found in Norway. However, it is difficult to connect them with

663-503: The arms have a blue field (background) and the charge is a tilia branch curled into a circle. The charge has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. The arms are inspired by an old woodcarving found in the Urnes Stave Church which is located in the municipality. The arms were designed by Inge Rotevatn from Nordfjordeid. The municipal flag has

702-436: The bright color of the water from the glaciers . Historically, the name of the municipality was spelled Lyster . On 3 November 1917, a royal resolution changed the spelling of the name of the municipality to Luster . The coat of arms was granted on 20 April 1990. The official blazon is " Azure , a tilia curled argent forming an annulet " ( Norwegian : På blå grunn ein sølv linderanke lagt i sirkel ). This means

741-590: The current and historical composition of the council by political party . The mayors of Luster: Luster, one of the largest municipalities in southern Norway, is located in the glacial mountains where the Sognefjorden begins its path to the North Sea . The fjord is fed by many large glaciers such as the Harbardsbreen , Holåbreen , Jostedalsbreen , Nigardsbreen , Spørteggbreen , and others. It

780-488: The east–west direction of the main fjord and the fold patterns of the bedrock, while some of tributary fjords in the parts corresponds to fold pattern. The volume of the whole Sognefjorden including its various branches is about 500 cubic kilometres (120 cu mi), while the total volume of rock eroded by glaciers from the entire Sognefjord system and adjacent valleys is about 4,000 cubic kilometres (960 cu mi). There are many smaller fjords which branch off

819-557: The fjord and its sidearms. Larger villages on the fjord and its branches include Leirvik , Ytre Oppedal , Vadheim , Høyanger , Vikøyri , Balestrand , Hermansverk , Sogndalsfjøra , Gudvangen , Flåm , Aurlandsvangen , Lærdalsøyri , Årdalstangen , Gaupne and Solvorn . Gudvangen is situated by the Nærøyfjord , a branch of the Sognefjord particularly noted for its unspoiled nature and dramatic scenery, and only 300 metres (1,000 ft) across at its narrowest point. Together with

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858-461: The floor rises rapidly to Losna island, then drops gradually with a threshold at about 150 metres (500 ft) in the Solund area. Thresholds occur in an area with sounds, valleys, and low land where the glacier was allowed spread out and lose its erosive effect. Cliffs surrounding the fjord rise almost sheer from the water to heights of 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) and more. Around the outer area

897-558: The following places: Sognefjord The Sognefjord or Sognefjorden ( Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔ̂ŋnəˌfjuːɳ] , English: Sogn Fjord ), nicknamed the King of the Fjords ( Norwegian : Fjordenes konge ), is the largest and deepest fjord in Norway . Located in Vestland county in Western Norway , it stretches 205 kilometres (127 mi) inland from the ocean to

936-508: The glacier. Glacier boat M/S "Jostedalsrypa" crosses the Nigard Glacier Lake. There are internationally approved guides, glacier and climbing courses, and ski-trips. In 2020, 32% of the municipality's applicants for [secondary schooling] videregående skole , sought [non-vocational schooling], studiespesialisering ; [67% or] the rest of the applicants sought vocational schooling . Luster has sister city agreements with

975-432: The land rises to about 500 metres (1,600 ft) above the sea, while in the inner areas of the fjord, they reach about 1,600 metres (5,200 ft). The inner part has extensive tributary fjords such as Aurlandsfjorden , while the outer part is connected by narrow sounds to neighbouring fjords. Near the coast the fjord mouth is bounded largely by low islands and skerries that are part of the strandflat . The inner end of

1014-429: The last glaciation the ice reached a maximum thickness of nearly 3000 meters in the Sognefjord area. Confluence of tributary fjords led excavation of the deepest fjord basin. Until about 30 km from the very coast the Sognefjord glacier was apparently constricted to its narrow channel of homogeneous gneiss, then the glacier suddenly spread out presumably through sounds and low valleys. Boats connect settlements along

1053-630: The main fjord. The innermost arm of the Sognefjorden is called the Lustrafjord , in the municipality of Luster. At its end is the village of Skjolden , which is an access point to Jotunheimen National Park . In earlier times, transport between Bergen and the Scandinavian inland was by boat between Bergen and Skjolden and from there on a simple road over the highlands (today Norwegian County Road 55 ), or by boat to Lærdal and through

1092-520: The mountain pass to Valdres (now European route E16 ). The valley of Sognefjord is one of various valleys of western Norway that certainly predates the Quaternary glaciations. It existed already as part of the ancient Paleic surface but had at the time much gentler slopes. The fjords of western Norway formed in connection to the east-ward tilting of much of Norway during the Cenozoic uplift of

1131-555: The municipality. Store Skagastølstind (or Storen) is the third highest mountain peak in Norway at 2,405 metres (7,890 ft) high, and it is located on the southern border of Luster and Årdal . It is part of the Hurrungane mountain range which contains some of the most alpine peaks in Norway. There are notable lakes such as Veitastrondsvatnet , Austdalsvatnet , Styggevatnet , Tunsbergdalvatnet, Prestesteinsvatnet , and Hafslovatnet . There are also many big waterfalls such as

1170-419: The neighboring municipalities of Hafslo and Jostedal were merged with Luster, forming a much larger municipality. After the merger, Luster had 5,854 residents. Since the consolidation of the three municipalities of Hafslo , Jostedal and Luster in 1963, the area has been characterized by scattered rural settlements and large distances between these settlements. Luster was the largest municipality by area in

1209-442: The old Sogn og Fjordane county. On 1 January 2020, the municipality became part of the newly created Vestland county after Sogn og Fjordane and Hordaland counties were merged. The municipality (originally the parish ) is named after the Lustrafjorden ( Old Norse : Lústr ) and the village of Luster which grew up along the fjord. The name is derived from the word ljóss which means "light" or "bright", referring to

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1248-552: The parishes of Eidfjord and Røldal ). The region of Sunnmøre (to the north) was transferred from the Diocese of Nidaros to the Diocese of Bjørgvin in 1622. The parish of Eidfjord was transferred from the Diocese of Stavanger to Bjørgvin in 1630. The parish of Røldal was transferred from the Diocese of Kristiansand to Bjørgvin in 1863. The Sunnmøre region was removed from the Diocese of Bjørgvin in 1983 when it, along with

1287-593: The police station in Luster be closed. Lyster was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt law). The original municipality was identical to the Lyster parish ( prestegjeld ) with the sub-parishes ( sokn ) of Fortun , Dale , Nes , and Gaupne . During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee . On 1 January 1963,

1326-427: The regions of Nordmøre and Romsdal (from the Diocese of Nidaros ), were established as a separate diocese, the Diocese of Møre . The Old Norse form of the name for Bergen was Bjǫrgvin . The first element is berg or bjǫrg , which translates as " mountain ". The last element is vin , which translates as " meadow ". It is an old form of the name for the present-day city of Bergen . The Diocese of Bjørgvin

1365-468: The same design as the coat of arms. The Church of Norway has eight parishes ( sokn ) within the municipality of Luster. It is part of the Sogn prosti ( deanery ) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin . Luster Municipality is responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services , senior citizen services, welfare and other social services , zoning , economic development , and municipal roads and utilities. The municipality

1404-480: The shoreline) and Borgund (30 km or 20 mi into the Lærdal valley). The Sognefjord Span (power lines) crosses the fjord with a span of 4,597 metres (15,082 ft). This is the second largest span of power lines in the world. The fjord has become a tourist attraction with summer tourists being an important part of the local economy. There is a plan to build a road across the Sognefjord, crossing through

1443-448: The small village of Skjolden in the municipality of Luster . The fjord gives its name to the surrounding district of Sogn . The name is related to Norwegian word súg- "to suck", presumably from the surge or suction of the tidal currents at the mouth of the fjord. The fjord runs through many municipalities: Solund , Gulen , Hyllestad , Høyanger , Vik , Sogndal , Lærdal , Aurland , Årdal , and Luster . The fjord reaches

1482-536: The state religion of Norway was Roman Catholicism , but the government of the Kingdom of Denmark-Norway joined in with the Protestant Reformation and in 1536 it declared itself to be Lutheran , and the Church of Norway was formed. In 1537, the diocese of Bjørgvin, heir of the ancient Diocese of Bergen , consisted of the (modern) counties of Hordaland and Sogn og Fjordane (with exception of

1521-474: Was built around 1150 and is Norway 's oldest Stave church . The Church lies majestically on the top of Urnes. The Stave church is one of four Norwegian Churches on UNESCO `s list of the most precious cultural monuments in the world. The Stave churches are constructions of high quality, richly decorated with carvings. In virtually all of them the door frames are decorated from top to bottom with carvings. This tradition of rich ornamentation appears to go back to

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