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24-502: The O-145 was produced in three major versions, the O-145-A rated at 55 hp (41 kW), the -B rated at 65 hp (48 kW), and -C rated at 75 hp (56 kW). The "B" model was the major production model, with the "A" and "C" produced in much smaller quantities. All models of the series had the same bore, stroke, and displacement, additional horsepower being generated by increasing compression ratio and maximum rpm. All use

48-460: A single point of failure in mechanical terms, that could cause both ignition systems to cease working. A simple form of partial dual ignition on some amateur-built aircraft uses a single spark plug, but duplicates the coil and pick-up for better redundancy than traditional single ignition. A further form of partial dual ignition (such as on the Honda VT500 ) is for each cylinder to have

72-457: A 0.8L Heat-Exchanger mounted under the bumper run by an electric water pump. Output is 260 kW (354 PS; 349 bhp) ECE at 6,100 rpm with 450 N⋅m (332 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3,000-4,600 rpm. The compression ratio is 9.0:1. Applications: The E37 is a 3.7 L (3,724 cc) version. It retains the stroke of the E32 but is bored to 97 mm (3.82 in). Output

96-467: A Stromberg NA-S2 or NA-S2A or Marvel MA-2 or MA-2-A carburetor. The dual ignition versions use two Scintilla SF-4L, SN4LN-20 or -21, Superior SMA-4 or Edison-Splitdorf RMA-4 magnetos . The original O-145-A produced 55 hp (41 kW) at 2300 rpm, weighed 165.5 lb (75 kg), and featured single ignition. In an attempt to compete with the Continental A-65 , Lycoming boosted

120-620: A gearbox bolted to the front of the engine and the resulting engine weighs 193 lb (88 kg) without starter or generator. The GO-145 suffered from a poor reputation for reliability, because pilots mis-handled the engine, running it at too low a cruising rpm and causing gearbox wear as a result. The series' type certificate expired on 2 November 1950 and no O-145-B1 or -C1 or GO-145-C1s engines produced after 1 August 1941 and O-145-B2, -B3 or -C2, or GO-145-C2 or -C3s produced after 24 August 1949 are eligible for certification. The single ignition O-145-A series, O-145-B1, and -C1 are not covered by

144-423: A one-piece cast camshaft , iron-coated aluminum pistons and a magnesium intake manifold . To deal with the vibration problems of a 90 degree V6, a balancer shaft was installed in the engine block between the cylinder banks . This essentially eliminated first and second order vibration problems (see engine balance ). A dual-length Variable Length Intake Manifold is fitted to optimise engine flexibility. The E24

168-605: A single HT coil which sends the current to one plug and completes the circuit via the second plug, rather than via the earth. This system requires a voltage sufficient to jump both plug gaps, but an advantage is that if one plug fouls, the fouled plug may burn itself clean while the engine continues running. Wankel engines have such an elongated combustion chamber that even non-aero wankel engines may adopt dual ignition to promote better combustion. The MidWest AE series Wankel aero-engine has twin plugs per chamber, but these are placed side-by-side, not sequentially, so their main purpose

192-441: Is 10.0:1. Applications: The E32 is a 3.2 L (3,199 cc) version. Bore remains at 89.9 mm (3.54 in) but the engine is stroked to 84 mm (3.31 in). Output is 215-224 bhp ECE at 5,700 rpm (depending on model) with 315 N⋅m (232 lb⋅ft) of torque at 3,000-4,800 rpm. The compression ratio is 10.0:1. It has fracture-split forged steel connecting rods. Applications: The E32 Kompressor

216-458: Is 89.9 mm × 68.2 mm (3.54 in × 2.69 in). Output is 125 kW (170 PS; 168 bhp) ECE at 5,500 rpm 240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) of torque at 4,500 rpm in all applications except in the 2003-2005 W211 E-Class where power rose to 130 kW (177 PS; 174 bhp). The compression ratio is raised to 10.5:1. Applications: M112.912: M112.914: M112.916: M112.917: M112.950: The E28

240-401: Is a 2.4 L (2,398 cc) version. Bore and stroke is 83.2 mm × 73.5 mm (3.28 in × 2.89 in). The engine produces 168 bhp (125 kW; 170 PS) at 5900 rpm and 225 N⋅m (166 lb⋅ft) of torque between 3000 and 5500 rpm. The compression ratio is 10.0:1. Applications: The E26 is a 2.6 L (2,597 cc) version. Bore and stroke

264-399: Is a 2.8 L (2,799 cc) version. Bore and stroke is 89.9 mm × 73.5 mm (3.54 in × 2.89 in). It produces 201 bhp (150 kW; 204 PS) ( W220 S280 , R129 SL280 and W210 E280 ) or 194 bhp (145 kW; 197 PS) ( W202 C280 ) at 5,700 rpm and 270 N⋅m (199 lb⋅ft) of torque between 3,000 and 5,000 rpm. The compression ratio

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288-407: Is a special version of the 3.2 L (3,199 cc), fitted with a helical Twin-screw type supercharger . The supercharger was developed in conjunction with IHI and features Teflon -coated rotors producing overall boost of 14.5 psi (1.00 bar) with the factory 74mm clutch-activated pulley. A water-to-air intercooler made by Garrett is fitted beneath the supercharger inside the V, with

312-540: Is sometimes found on cars and motorcycles. Dual ignition provides two advantages: redundancy in the event of in-flight failure of one ignition system; and more efficient burning of the fuel-air mixture within the combustion chamber. In aircraft and gasoline-powered fire fighting equipment, redundancy is the prime consideration, but in other vehicles the main targets are efficient combustion and meeting emission law requirements. A dual ignition system will typically provide that each cylinder has twin spark plugs , and that

336-557: Is to give redundancy rather than improved combustion. Richard W. Dilworth of the Electo-Motive Corporation devised a system, using four spark plugs and one carburettor per cylinder, in order to burn "distillate" fuel in train car engines. Because such heavy, but cheap, fuel was hard to ignite, a quadruple system of ignition was used in order to burn fuel roughly equivalent to kerosene or home heating fuel. By using this distillate fuel, that cost as little as one-fifth

360-638: The Nissan NAPS-Z engine, with Ford introducing it on the 1989 Ford Ranger and 1991 Ford Mustang four-cylinder models. Several modern Mercedes-Benz engines also have two spark plugs per cylinder, such as the M112 and M113 engines. Some motorcycles, such as the Honda VT500 and the Ducati Multistrada , also have dual ignition. The 2012 Ducati Multistrada was upgraded with "twin-plug cylinder heads for smoother, more efficient combustion",

384-600: The World War I years, when such engines as the Hispano-Suiza 8 and Mercedes D.III , and even rotary engines as the later Gnome Monosoupape model 9N 160 hp (119 kW) versions featured twin spark plugs per cylinder. The Hewland AE75 , an inline three cylinder aero-engine created for the ARV Super2 , had three ignition circuits, each circuit serving a plug in two different cylinders. If just one of

408-527: The change contributing to a 5% increase in torque and a 10% improvement in fuel consumption. Early BMW R1100S bikes had a single spark plug per cylinder, but after 2003 they were upgraded to dual ignition to meet emission law requirements. Dual ignition in aero-engines should enable the aircraft to continue to fly safely after an ignition system failure. Operation of aero engines on one magneto (rather than both) typically results in an rpm drop of around 75 rpm. Its existence on aviation powerplants dates back to

432-429: The engine will have at least two ignition circuits, such as duplicate magnetos or ignition coils . Dual ignition promotes engine efficiency by initiating twin flame fronts, giving faster and more complete burning and thereby increasing power. Although a dual ignition system is a method of achieving optimum combustion and better fuel consumption, it remains rare in cars and motorcycles because of difficulties in siting

456-533: The original type certificate. Lycoming ended production of the O-145 and replaced it with the O-235 series. Data from Type Certificate 210 Comparable engines Related lists Dual ignition Dual Ignition is a system for spark-ignition engines, whereby critical ignition components, such as spark plugs and magnetos , are duplicated. Dual ignition is most commonly employed on aero engines , and

480-465: The price of gasoline before the Great Depression , a railroad could save substantially on fuel costs. However, this patented ignition system saw little commercial use. Mercedes-Benz M112 engine The Mercedes-Benz M112 engine is a gasoline -fueled, 4-stroke , spark-ignition , internal-combustion automobile piston V6 engine family used in the 2000s. Introduced in 1996, it

504-480: The rpm and power output to 65 hp (48 kW) at 2550 rpm, and finally 75 hp (56 kW) at 3100 rpm. The O-145 had a hard time competing with the same horsepower Continentals due to its smaller displacement, which resulted in a steeper torque curve. The GO-145 is a geared model, introduced in 1938, that uses a 27:17 reduction ratio (1.59:1) gearbox to produce 75 hp (56 kW) at 3200 crankshaft rpm, giving 2013 propeller rpm. The engine employs

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528-501: The second plug within the cylinder head (thus, many dual ignition systems found on production automobiles typically were of a two valve design rather than a four valve). The Nash Ambassador for 1932-1948 used twin sparkplugs on the straight eight engine, while later Alfa Romeo Twin Spark cars use dual ignition, as do Honda cars with the i-DSI series engines , and Chrysler's Modern Hemi engine . In 1980 Nissan installed twin sparkplugs on

552-490: The three circuits failed, all three cylinders still received sparks, and even if two circuits were to fail, the remaining circuit would keep the engine running on two cylinders. While true dual ignition uses completely separate and redundant systems, some certified engines, such as the Lycoming O-320-H2AD use a single engine magneto drive-shaft turning two separate magnetos. Whilst saving weight, this creates

576-642: Was the first gasoline V6 engine ever built by Mercedes. A short time later the related M113 V8 was introduced. All are built in Bad Cannstatt , Germany, except the supercharged C 32 AMG and SLK 32 AMG , assembled in Affalterbach , Germany. All M112 engines have silicon/aluminum (Alusil) engine blocks with a 90° vee angle. The aluminum SOHC cylinder heads have 3 valves per cylinder . All use sequential fuel injection with two spark plugs per cylinder. All have forged steel connecting rods ,

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