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57-574: Lyss ( German pronunciation: [ˈliːs] ) is a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland . On 1 January 2011, the former municipality of Busswil bei Büren was merged with Lyss. Lyss is first mentioned in 1009 as Lissa . The oldest traces of humans in Lyss include neolithic , Bronze Age and Hallstatt culture items scattered around

114-477: A certain time in Switzerland are also allowed to participate in municipal politics. As at the cantonal and federal level, citizens enjoy political rights, including direct democratic ones, in their municipality. Municipalities are financed through direct taxes (such as income tax ), with rates varying more or less within a framework set by the canton (see Taxation in Switzerland ). As among the cantons, there

171-646: A different mother language than the classroom language. The remaining 95 attended special classes. As of 2000, there were 166 students in Lyss who came from another municipality, while 251 residents attended schools outside the municipality. Lyss is home to the Gemeindebibliothek Lyss (municipal library of Lyss). The library has (as of 2008) 22,002 books or other media. It was open a total of 224 days with average of 20 hours per week during that year. The municipality has three railway stations: Lyss , Lyss Grien , and Busswil BE . Between them there

228-407: A one-room apartment was 559.24 CHF (US$ 450, £250, €360), a two-room apartment was about 723.26 CHF (US$ 580, £330, €460), a three-room apartment was about 838.08 CHF (US$ 670, £380, €540) and a six or more room apartment cost an average of 1596.12 CHF (US$ 1280, £720, €1020). The average apartment price in Lyss was 87.2% of the national average of 1116 CHF. The vacancy rate for the municipality, in 2010,

285-447: A total of 4,533 apartments (93.3% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 205 apartments (4.2%) were seasonally occupied and 123 apartments (2.5%) were empty. As of 2009, the construction rate of new housing units was 13.6 new units per 1000 residents. As of 2003 the average price to rent an average apartment in Lyss was 973.41 Swiss francs (CHF) per month (US$ 780, £440, €620 approx. exchange rate from 2003). The average rate for

342-418: A town of about 10,000 people. Lyss has an area of 14.83 km (5.73 sq mi). Of this area, 3.56 km (1.37 sq mi) or 30.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 3.98 km (1.54 sq mi) or 33.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 4.19 km (1.62 sq mi) or 35.6% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.05 km (12 acres) or 0.4% is either rivers or lakes. Of

399-449: Is a tax transfer among the municipalities to balance various levels of tax income. Switzerland has a relatively high number of small municipalities, with a population of 1,000 or less, especially in rural areas. Because of the increasing difficulty in providing professional government services and in finding volunteers for political offices in small municipalities, the cantons tend to encourage voluntary mergers of municipalities. This led to

456-595: Is first mentioned in 1185-87 under the Counts of Neuchâtel -Aarberg. In 1367, Lyss, along with the rest of the land around Aarberg , was transferred to the Counts of Neuchâtel-Nidau. About ten years later, around 1377-79 it was transferred again to the City of Bern and became part of the Bernese bailiwick of Aarberg. While Bern owned the village of Lyss, a number of nobles and monasteries owned property, farms or rights in

513-403: Is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship . During the 2018–19 school year, there were a total of 1,640 students attending classes in Lyss. There were 269 kindergarten students in the municipality. Of

570-529: Is governed by the Gemeinderat , an executive branch with 5 members, one of them elected mayor ( Gemeindepräsident ). The parliament has 47 members and is called Grosser Gemeinderat . The last elections were held in 2009 with the next elections scheduled to be in 2013. The 47 members of the legislative municipal council belong to 8 different political parties, the strongest being the FDP with 11 seats followed by

627-603: Is joined by its first major tributary, the Gamderwasser. Less than 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) later the river carves through a limestone ridge in the Aare Gorge ( German : Aareschlucht ). It is here that the Aare proves itself to be more than just a river, as it attracts thousands of tourists annually to the causeways through the gorge. A little past Meiringen , near Brienz , the river expands into Lake Brienz . Near

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684-410: Is regular service to Bern , Belp , Biel/Bienne , Büren an der Aare , and Kerzers . Municipalities of Switzerland Municipalities ( German : Gemeinden , Einwohnergemeinden or politische Gemeinden ; French : communes ; Italian : comuni ; Romansh : vischnancas ) are the lowest level of administrative division in Switzerland. Each municipality is part of one of

741-805: Is the main source of water for the Grimselsee (Lake of Grimsel). The Oberaargletscher (Upper Aar Glacier) feeds the Oberaarsee , which also flows into the Grimselsee. The Aare leaves the Grimselsee just to the east to the Grimsel Hospiz, below the Grimsel Pass , and then flows northwest through the Haslital , forming on the way the magnificent Handegg Waterfall, 46 m (151 ft), past Guttannen . Right after Innertkirchen it

798-809: The Bürgerrecht (citizenship), regardless of where they were born or where they may currently live. Instead of the place of birth , Swiss legal documents, e.g. passports, contain the Bürgerort (place of citizenship, or place of origin ). The Bürgergemeinde also often holds and administers the common property in the village for the members of the community. Each canton determines the powers and responsibilities of its municipalities. These may include providing local government services such as education, medical and social services, public transportation, and tax collection. The degree of centralization varies from one canton to another. The federal constitution protects

855-650: The La Tène period , and it is attested as Nantaror "Aare valley" in the Berne zinc tablet . The name was Latinized as Arula / Arola / Araris . The Aare rises in the great Aargletschers (Aare Glaciers) of the Bernese Alps , in the canton of Bern and west of the Grimsel Pass . The Finsteraargletscher and Lauteraargletscher come together to form the Unteraargletscher (Lower Aar Glacier), which

912-594: The North Sea after crossing into the Netherlands . On May 26, 2022, Indonesia West Java Governor Ridwan Kamil 's eldest child, Emmeril Kahn Mumtadz, was declared missing after being swept away by the river current. Chronologically, Eril was swimming in the river with his sister and friends. When he wanted to rise to the surface, Eril was dragged by a fairly swift current of the river which had previously received help from his friend. The search efforts involving

969-488: The Rhine comprises about 295 kilometres (183 mi), during which distance it descends 1,565 m (5,135 ft), draining an area of 17,779 km (6,865 sq mi), almost entirely within Switzerland, and accounting for close to half the area of the country, including all of Central Switzerland . There are more than 40 hydroelectric plants along the course of the Aare. The river's name dates to at least

1026-575: The SVP with 10 and the SPS with 9 seats. The executive municipal council is made up of five members of three different political parties. The FDP and the SPS hold two seats each, the SVP holds one seat. The mayor Andreas Hegg is a member of the FDP . As of  2010, Lyss had an unemployment rate of 2.5%. As of 2008, there were 54 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 20 businesses involved in this sector. 3,194 people were employed in

1083-680: The Simme , by the Lake of Thun. Lake Thun marks the head of navigation . On flowing out of the lake it passes through Thun , and then flows through the city of Bern , passing beneath eighteen bridges and around the steeply-flanked peninsula on which the Old City is located. To the south of the Old City peninsula is the Mattenschwelle  [ de ] , a weir which provides water for

1140-561: The Swiss cantons , which form the Swiss Confederation . In most cantons, municipalities are also part of districts or other sub-cantonal administrative divisions. There are 2,131 municipalities as of January 2024 . Their populations range between several hundred thousand ( Zürich ), and a few dozen people ( Kammersrohr , Bister ), and their territory between 0.32 km² ( Rivaz ) and 439 km² ( Scuol ). The beginnings of

1197-546: The secondary sector and there were 153 businesses in this sector. 3,761 people were employed in the tertiary sector , with 505 businesses in this sector. In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 5,762. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 28, of which 22 were in agriculture and 6 were in forestry or lumber production. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 2,905 of which 2,228 or (76.7%) were in manufacturing, 30 or (1.0%) were in mining and 567 (19.5%) were in construction. The number of jobs in

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1254-613: The Alps, and the former swamps have become fruitful plains: they are known as the "vegetable garden of Switzerland". From here the Aare flows northeast for a long distance, past the ambassador town Solothurn (below which the Grosse Emme flows in on the right), Aarburg (where it is joined by the Wigger ), Olten , Aarau , near which is the junction with the Suhre , and Wildegg, where

1311-786: The Bern-Biel/Bienne highway passed through Lyss and brought increased traffic. In 1866 the Käserei- und Kreditgesellschaft Lyss (Dairy and Credit Society of Lyss) was founded as a bank to help farmers. By 1880 it had grown into a savings and loan bank which helped fund the expansion of Lyss. With the new rail links, factories began to settle in the town. By 1900 there were factories manufacturing watches, cement products, biscuits, watch crystals, fittings, bricks, cloth and steel. Heavy machinery factories moved in by 1940. The town expanded in 1956 and again in 1979 as businesses and residents moved into Lyss. In 2005 there were 6,035 jobs in

1368-667: The Seetal Aabach falls in on the right. A short distance further, below Brugg , it receives first the Reuss , its major tributary, and shortly afterwards the Limmat , its second strongest tributary. It now turns due north, and soon becomes itself a tributary of the Rhine , which it even surpasses in volume when the two rivers unite downstream from Koblenz (Switzerland) , opposite Waldshut in Germany. The Rhine, in turn, empties into

1425-577: The agricultural land, 21.5% is used for growing crops and 7.2% is pastures, while 1.5% is used for orchards or vine crops. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. The municipality is an administrative and economic center for the surrounding region. Lyss is located at the mouth of the Lyssbach valley on the former right bank of the Aare river. It consists of the village of Lyss and village sections of Hardern and Eigenacker. Until 1876 it included

1482-403: The autonomy of municipalities within the framework set out by cantonal law. Municipalities are generally governed by an executive council headed by a president or mayor . Legislative authority is exercised by a town meeting of all citizens, or by a municipal parliament, depending on the size of the municipality, and on cantonal and municipal law. In some cantons, foreigners who have lived for

1539-407: The built up area, industrial buildings made up 6.4% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 14.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 9.6%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 2.5% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 3.1%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of

1596-504: The current Reformed church was built in 1934–35. The other church St. Mary's Church at Kirchhübeli which was built on the foundations of a Carolingian church. In the 15th century the church began to fall into disrepair, and during the Reformation it was abandoned and demolished in 1533. For centuries, the meandering Aare and Lyssbach rivers flooded Lyss repeatedly. Over the centuries several dams and levees were built to protect

1653-724: The exercise of political rights for everyone except the members of the Bürgergemeinde . In the Regeneration era (1830–1848), the liberal revolutions of the common people helped to restore some rights again in a few cantons. In other cantons, the Bürgergemeinden were able to maintain power as political communities. In the city of Zürich it was not until the Municipal Act of 1866 that the political municipality came back into existence. The relationship between

1710-403: The kindergarten students, 21.2% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland (not citizens) and 28.6% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality had 857 primary students of which, 23.1% were not citizens and 28.8% have a different mother language. During the same year, there were 419lower secondary students of which 21.0% were not citizens and 19.1% have

1767-427: The last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 9.4%. Migration accounted for 7.9%, while births and deaths accounted for 1.7%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (9,072 or 85.1%) as their first language, Italian is the second most common (356 or 3.3%) and Spanish is the third (271 or 2.5%). There are 196 people who speak French and 6 people who speak Romansh . As of 2008,

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1824-734: The level of the three lakes by 2.5 meters (8.2 ft). In addition, water from the Aare, the Broye , the Zihl, and the Schüss was diverted into the Nidau-Büren Canal and the Hagneck Canal . The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Azure a Fleur-de-lys Argent ringed Or on a Mount of 3 Coupeaux Vert. Lyss has a population (as of December 2020) of 15,763. As of 2010, 16.0% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over

1881-584: The modern municipality system date back to the Helvetic Republic . Under the Old Swiss Confederacy , citizenship was granted by each town and village to only residents. These citizens enjoyed access to community property and in some cases additional protection under the law. Additionally, the urban towns and the rural villages had differing rights and laws. The creation of a uniform Swiss citizenship, which applied equally for citizens of

1938-471: The municipalities under cantonal or federal law. Municipalities are numbered by the Swiss Federal Office for Statistics (see Community Identification Number#Switzerland ). One or more postal codes (PLZ/NPA) can by assigned to a municipality or shared with other municipalities. Between 2011 and 2021 nine of the smallest municipalities merged into others as part of the effort to eliminate

1995-479: The municipality and 3,312 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net importer of workers, with about 1.3 workers entering the municipality for every one leaving. Of the working population, 21.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 48.7% used a private car. From the 2000 census, 2,082 or 19.5% were Roman Catholic , while 6,580 or 61.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of

2052-479: The municipality. One of the best preserved items is a 6th-century BC Etruscan bronze statue. Roman era bricks have been found in Kirchhübeli along with early medieval and medieval tombs and the remains of a Carolingian church. A number of graves dating from the 7th Century were discovered at Sonnhalde-Kreuzhöhe. The Ministerialis (unfree knights in the service of a feudal overlord) family of Lyss

2109-475: The nearby political and administrative center of Aarberg. However, because of Aarberg's central location and convenient roads Lyss remained a quiet, isolated town. The arrival of the railroad from Bern to Biel in 1864 and the Jura water correction led to extensive population growth. In 1876, another railway line from Lausanne to Solothurn was built through Lyss. This made the town a rail hub. Built in 1983-86

2166-436: The number of municipalities dropping by 384 between the end of 2010 and the beginning of 2019. Some municipalities designate themselves as "city" ( ville or Stadt ) or as "village" ( Dorf ). These designations result from tradition or local preference – for example, several small municipalities designated as cities held city rights in medieval times – and normally do not impact the legal or political rights or obligations of

2223-533: The old towns and their tenants and servants, led to conflict. The wealthier villagers and urban citizens held rights to forests, common land and other municipal property which they did not want to share with the "new citizens", who were generally poor. The compromise solution, which was written into the municipal laws of the Helvetic Republic, is still valid today. Two politically separate but often geographically similar organizations were created. The first,

2280-640: The police search and rescue team, maritime police, fire department, and authority of the city of Bern. One week after declared missing, Emmeril Kahn Mumtadz was declared dead in absentia at the age of 22. Although on June 9, 2022, Eril's body was located. The funeral procession of Emmeril “Eril” Kahn Mumtadz took place in the family's burial ground located in Cimaung, Bandung regency, West Java. Soon after news about Eril's body brought back to his home, Indonesian netizens review bombed Aare River's Google listing, leaving negative comments and one-star ratings as if

2337-408: The political municipality and the Bürgergemeinde was often dominated by the latter's ownership of community property. Often the administration and profit from the property were totally held by the Bürgergemeinden , leaving the political municipality dependent on the Bürgergemeinde for money and use of the property. It was not until the political municipality acquired rights over property that served

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2394-447: The political voting and electoral body rights from the Bürgergemeinde . In the cities, the percentage of members in the Bürgergemeinde in the population was reduced as a result of increasing emigration to the cities. This led to the Bürgergemeinde losing its former importance to a large extent. However, the Bürgergemeinde has remained, and it includes all individuals who are citizens of the Bürgergemeinde , usually by having inherited

2451-569: The population was 49.0% male and 51.0% female. The population was made up of 4,803 Swiss men (40.6% of the population) and 992 (8.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 5,131 Swiss women (43.4%) and 89 (0.8%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 2,676 or about 25.1% were born in Lyss and lived there in 2000. There were 4,146 or 38.9% who were born in the same canton, while 1,642 or 15.4% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 1,865 or 17.5% were born outside of Switzerland. As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 24.3% of

2508-651: The population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 281 individuals (or about 2.64% of the population) did not answer the question. In Lyss about 4,289 or (40.2%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education , and 1,196 or (11.2%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Of the 1,196 who completed tertiary schooling, 72.1% were Swiss men, 18.9% were Swiss women, 5.4% were non-Swiss men and 3.6% were non-Swiss women. The Canton of Bern school system provides two years of obligatory Kindergarten , followed by six years of Primary school. This

2565-529: The population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 63.7% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 12%. As of 2000, there were 4,434 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 5,101 married individuals, 510 widows or widowers and 614 individuals who are divorced. As of 2000, there were 5,367 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. There were 1,511 households that consist of only one person and 220 households with five or more people. In 2000,

2622-507: The public (such as schools, fire stations, etc.) and taxes, that they obtained full independence. For example, in the city of Bern, it was not until after the property division of 1852 that the political municipality had the right to levy taxes. It was not until the Federal Constitution of 1874 that all Swiss citizens were granted equal political rights on local and Federal levels. This revised constitution finally removed all

2679-666: The rest of the population, there were 116 members of an Orthodox church (or about 1.09% of the population), there were 12 individuals (or about 0.11% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church , and there were 476 individuals (or about 4.47% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish , and 404 (or about 3.79% of the population) who were Islamic . There were 35 individuals who were Buddhist , 147 individuals who were Hindu and 7 individuals who belonged to another church. 751 (or about 7.05% of

2736-593: The river, which had previously rendered the countryside north of Bern a swampland through frequent flooding, was diverted by the Aare-Hagneck Canal into the Lac de Bienne . From the upper end of the lake, at Nidau , the river issues through the Nidau-Büren Canal , also called the Aare Canal, and then runs east to Büren . The lake absorbs huge amounts of eroded gravel and snowmelt that the river brings from

2793-511: The settlement of Werdthof, which is now part of Kappelen . Lyss lies on the eastern edge of a wide valley that extends southwest to Lake Murten . West of this valley lie Lake Neuchâtel and Lake Biel , and beyond that the Jura mountains . The valley is flat and was subject to flooding until 1878, when a major hydraulic engineering project changed the courses of the Aare and the Zihl and lowered

2850-517: The small Matte hydroelectric power plant . River swimming in the Aare is popular in Bern, and the river is sometimes full of bathers on summer days. The river soon changes its northwesterly flow for a due westerly direction, but after receiving the Saane or La Sarine it turns north until it nears Aarberg . There, in one of the major Swiss engineering feats of the 19th century, the Jura water correction ,

2907-402: The smallest communities. Only Bister has not merged into a new municipality although the smallest municipality is now Kammersrohr with a population of just 32. In addition to the municipalities as basic territorial political subdivisions, a number of other local subdivisions exist in several cantons. These include: Aare Its total length from its source to its junction with

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2964-677: The so-called municipality, was a political community formed by election and its voting body consists of all resident citizens. However, the community land and property remained with the former local citizens who were gathered together into the Bürgergemeinde /bourgeoisie. During the Mediation era (1803–1814), and especially during the Restoration era (1814–1830), many of the gains toward uniform citizenship were lost. Many political municipalities were abolished and limits were placed on

3021-511: The tertiary sector was 2,829. In the tertiary sector; 948 or 33.5% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 145 or 5.1% were in the movement and storage of goods, 181 or 6.4% were in a hotel or restaurant, 108 or 3.8% were in the information industry, 159 or 5.6% were the insurance or financial industry, 531 or 18.8% were technical professionals or scientists, 177 or 6.3% were in education and 207 or 7.3% were in health care. In 2000, there were 4,242 workers who commuted into

3078-529: The village and surroundings. Until the Reformation , Lyss had two parish churches . The church of St. John the Evangelist was built in the 7th or 8th century. Around 1246 it was replaced with a new church, which was partially renovated in the 15th century. It became the center of an important deanery in the second half of the 14th century. After the Reformation it was the only church in Lyss until

3135-417: The village. Starting in the 17th century a number of water powered mills, including an oil mill, sawmills, fulling mills and dyeing factories, were built along the river. The first Jura water correction (1868–91) diverted the Aare river into Lake Biel . This, together with the Lyssbach correction (1911–16) opened up extensive farm land along the old river. The population of Lyss was always greater than in

3192-562: The west end of the lake it indirectly receives its first important tributary , the Lütschine , by the Lake of Brienz. It then runs across the swampy plain of the Bödeli (Swiss German diminutive for ground) between Interlaken and Unterseen before flowing into Lake Thun . Near the west end of Lake Thun, the river indirectly receives the waters of the Kander , which has just been joined by

3249-469: Was 1.44%. The historical population is given in the following chart: Lyss is twinned with: In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 28.51% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SPS (23.05%), the FDP (20.5%) and the EVP Party (9.24%). In the federal election, a total of 3,135 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 40.5%. Lyss

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