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20-693: MAPO has its origins in Plant #30 of the Dux Factory company. Plant #30 was established in 1939 in Dubna . In December 1941, it was relocated to the former site of Plant #1 , where it manufactured the Ilyushin Il-2 . In 1950, it merged with Plant #381, to produce the Il-28 in larger volumes. In 1953, Lukhovitsy Machine Building Plant was established as a subsidiary of the plant. Plant #30 became known as

40-716: A large number of military bicycles. After the October Revolution the plant was named "Aircraft plant #1 named after OSOAVIAKHIM" or "GAZ No. 1". Farmans and Nieuports were left in production. In 1923 a design bureau was established at the plant, headed by Nikolai Nikolaevich Polikarpov ; this would later become known as the Polikarpov Design Bureau . Production models included I-5 , I-15 , I-15bis, I-153 , I-16 , R-5 , and R-Zet aircraft. Polikarpov also built Airco DH.9A (which later became Polikarpov R-1 / Polikarpov R-2 ) and Airco DH.4 during

60-581: A single-engine twin-propeller chain-driven monoplane. Further work went into the Dux No 2 but this was also a failure. Polikarpov R-5 The Polikarpov R-5 ( Russian : Р-5 ) was a Soviet reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the 1930s. It was the standard light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the Soviet Air Force for much of the 1930s, while also being used heavily as a civilian light transport, some 7,000 being built in total. The R-5

80-735: The Chernyshev Machine Building Enterprise and Aviabank . Unlike Sukhoi , which managed to secure export contracts with China and India, MAPO continued to be unprofitable throughout the 1990s. In December 1999, MAPO was renamed Russian Aircraft Corporation MiG. In 2006, MAPO merged with Sukhoi and several other Russian aviation companies to form United Aircraft Corporation . The majority of MAPO's former assets are now part of Mikoyan . The Lukhovitsy and Znamya Truda plants are currently known as 'MiG Manufacturing Complex №1' (ПК №1 PCK «МиГ») and 'MiG Manufacturing Complex №2' (ПК №2 PCK «МиГ»), respectively. Over

100-647: The Ilyushin Il-2 . In 1950 it merged with Plant #381, to produce the Il-28 in larger volumes. In 1953 Lukhovitsy Machine Building Plant was established as a subsidiary of the plant. Plant #30 became known as the Znamya Truda Machine-Building Plant in 1965, and as the Moscow Aircraft Production Organisation in 1973. The MiG-29 was put in production. Civil programs include MiG-AT , T-101, T-411, and Aviatika MAI-890 aircraft. After this

120-643: The Lavochkin La-5 and later the La-7 . Plant #381 also produced the Il-12 , a small series of I-250, and the first 75 MiG-15s . In 1950 it was merged into Plant #30. The majority of types built by Dux were French and other Western aircraft designs. The first aircraft made was a licensed Farman IV with ENV engine, which made its first flight on 18 August 1910. From there, in addition to copies, some improvements were designed for existing models. The first of these

140-764: The Spanish Republican Air Force in the Spanish Civil War , 31 being sold to Spain. These arrived in November 1936, and were quickly deployed on combat operations. But they were found to be slow and were relegated to night bombing. Seven R-5s remained in good condition in March 1939. The aircraft was known as the " Rasante " (roughly translated as "Low flying") in the Spanish Republican Air Force. Civil versions of

160-570: The Znamya Truda Machine-Building Plant in 1965, and as the Moscow Aircraft Production Organisation in 1973. In the early 1990s, it employed 30,000 workers. In 1995, MAPO was merged with the Mikoyan Design Bureau , forming MAPO-MiG. In January 1996, a decree of President Boris Yeltsin established MAPO VPK, which combined 12 different aviation companies, including MAPO-MiG, Kamov , Klimov ,

180-588: The war against Germany in 1941-45 , where they were mainly used as night bombers and liaison aircraft, serving until 1944. The Chinese province of Xinjiang received a number of R-5s in 1933, and when a rebellion threatened to overthrow the pro-Moscow governor of Xinjiang, Sheng Shicai , the Soviet Union intervened , with Soviet-flown R-5s bombing rebels near Ürümqi . R-5s remained in use for training purposes in Xinjiang in 1938. R-5s were also used by

200-651: The 1920s and 1930s. Plant #1 produced the MiG-3 before evacuation in October 1941. Plant #1 was evacuated to Samara in 1941, becoming the Kuibyshev Aviation Plant . In 1958 it shifted its production to rockets, and became known as the Samara Progress plant . Plant #30 was established in 1939 in Dubna . In December 1941 it was relocated to the former site of Plant #1, where it manufactured

220-649: The R-5 entered production in 1930, powered by the Mikulin M-17 , a licence-built copy of the BMW-VI, as a reconnaissance bomber. Further modified versions were produced to serve as floatplanes, ground-attack aircraft and civil transports. The R-5SSS , an improved reconnaissance bomber with improved streamlining, served as the basis for the Polikarpov R-Z , which succeeded the R-5 in production. The aircraft R-5

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240-445: The R-5 were used in large numbers, mainly by Aeroflot. They carried up to 400 kg (882 lb) of freight. Many were fitted with an enlarged rear cockpit to carry two passengers. Other aircraft were fitted with enclosed cabins for passengers. P-5s could also carry underwing containers (or Kasseta ) for freight or passengers. One P-5 could carrying 16 adults, including seven in each Kasseta . Ski-equipped P-5s with Kasseta s played

260-671: The R-5. R-5s served with the Soviet Air Force and Mongolian People's Air Force during the 1939 Battle of Khalkhin Gol against the Japanese They took active part in the Soviet invasion of Poland (1939) , and in the 1939-40 Winter War against Finland , where they were known as the hermosaha ("nerve saw"). The Finns downed and captured several R-5s, but none were taken into operational service. They remained in service during

280-657: The following aircraft were produced: Su-9 , Yak-25 , Il-14 , Il-18 with modifications, MiG-21 , and MiG-23 . Plant #32 was established in 1932, when it was separated from Plant #1. In 1941 it was evacuated to Kirov , becoming the Kirov Machine-Building Plant in 1960 and the Vyatka Machine Building Enterprise AVITEK in the 1990s. Plant #39 produced the DB-3F before evacuation in October 1941. Plant #39

300-560: The years, it has also been known as OSOAVIAKHIM Plant #1, GAZ No. 1, Menjinski Plant #39, Orjonikidze Plant #381, Plant #30, MMZ (Moscow Machine-Building Plant) "Znamya Truda" (Banner of Labor), P.A. Voronin Production Center, and "Moscow Aircraft Production Organization (MAPO) named after Dementiev" ( Petr Dementiev  [ ru ] , Minister of Aircraft Industry from 1953 to 1977). Dux Factory Dux ( Russian : Завод «Дукс» , romanized :  Zavod "Duks" )

320-860: Was a bicycle / automobile / aircraft factory in Moscow , Russia before and during World War I . The factory was founded in 1893. The name comes from the Latin word dux (leader). Julius Möller (also written Juli Meller) was owner of the factory, which was primarily focused on the building of French aircraft designs. The factory was established in Moscow in 1893 as a bicycle production plant. Production shifted to aircraft manufacturing in 1910. During World War I Dux produced Morane-Saulnier G , Voisin L , Voisin LAS , Nieuport 17 , Nieuport 24 , Farman family of aircraft including models IV, VII , XVI, XXX, as well as

340-478: Was a Farman VII in 1912 with some improvements that were put into production. A more ambitious project was the Dux Meller I which combined a Bleriot main fuselage with a Farman XV nacelle added, all driven by a 100 hp Gnome-Rhone in pusher configuration . A modified Farman XVI was later produced under the name Dux Meller II and flown in 1913. The following Dux Meller III was a failed attempt to produce

360-430: Was designed by Nikolai Polikarpov in 1928. The aircraft was taken into the Soviet Air Force's use in 1931. They operated 5,000 aircraft R-5. Over 1,000 aircraft simplified for civilian needs were manufactured for Aeroflot under the designation P-5 (Russian: П-5). The R-5 became the standard reconnaissance and attack aircraft with the Soviet Air Force, being used in large numbers, with over 100 regiments equipped with

380-614: Was developed by the design bureau led by Nikolai Nikolaevich Polikarpov as a replacement for the R-1(an unlicensed version of the DH.9A built in Russia) which served as the standard reconnaissance and light bomber aircraft with the Soviet Air Force . The prototype first flew in autumn 1928, powered by an imported German BMW VI V-12 engine. It was an unequal-span single-bay biplane of mainly wooden construction. After extensive evaluation,

400-761: Was moved to Irkutsk in 1941, where it was merged with the Irkutsk Machine-Building Plant , ultimately establishing the Irkutsk Aviation Plant . Plant #43 was established in 1893. Between 1963 and 1992 it was known as the Moscow Kommunar Machine-Building Plant . It focuses on air-to-air missile production and some aircraft sub-components. In 1992 it became the Open Joint Stock Company Dux. Plant #381 produced

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