Malignant pleural effusion is a condition in which cancer causes an abnormal amount of fluid to collect between the thin layers of tissue ( pleura ) lining the outside of the lung and the wall of the chest cavity . Lung cancer and breast cancer account for about 50-65% of malignant pleural effusions. Other common causes include pleural mesothelioma and lymphoma .
15-404: MPE may refer to: Malignant pleural effusion Markov perfect equilibrium , in game theory Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics , a German research institute Maximum permissible exposure , the highest power of a light source that is considered safe Mean percentage error , in statistics Media processing engine , short MPE,
30-404: A Finnish melodic death metal band HP Multi-Programming Executive , a business-oriented minicomputer operating system made by Hewlett-Packard Multiprotocol Encapsulation , a Data link layer protocol Mumbai–Pune Expressway , an Indian motorway Myxopapillary ependymoma , a tumor of the central nervous system Phaswane Mpe (1970–2004), South African author The IATA airport code for
45-405: A couple of weeks. Drainage should generally be done under ultrasound guidance. For this reason, more permanent treatments are usually used to prevent fluid recurrence. Standard treatment involves inserting an indwelling pleural catheter and pleurodesis . However, this treatment requires an inpatient stay of approximately 2–7 days, can be painful and has a significant failure rate. This has led to
60-411: A low protein content in comparison to exudates. Medical distinction between transudates and exudates is through the measurement of the specific gravity of extracted fluid. Specific gravity is used to measure the protein content of the fluid. The higher the specific gravity, the greater the likelihood of capillary permeability changes in relation to body cavities . For example, the specific gravity of
75-548: A sensitivity of 71%, greater than that of cytology, and a specificity of 89% for the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma. The goal of treatment of malignant pleural effusions is relief of shortness of breath. Occasionally, treatment of the underlying cancer can cause resolution of the effusion. This may be the case with types of cancer that respond well to chemotherapy, such as small cell carcinoma or lymphoma . Simple aspiration of pleural fluid can relieve shortness of breath rapidly but fluid and symptoms will usually recur within
90-465: Is a fluid released by an organism through pores or a wound, a process known as exuding or exudation . Exudate is derived from exude 'to ooze' from Latin exsūdāre 'to (ooze out) sweat' ( ex- 'out' and sūdāre 'to sweat'). An exudate is any fluid that filters from the circulatory system into lesions or areas of inflammation . It can be a pus-like or clear fluid. When an injury occurs, leaving skin exposed, it leaks out of
105-517: Is an image/video processor Methidiumpropyl-EDTA , a chemical that can intercalate and cleave DNA MIDI Polyphonic Expression , a MIDI specification to provide more expressive qualities for performing music Minimum polynomial extrapolation , a sequence transformation algorithm used for convergence acceleration of vector sequences Miss Philippines Earth Molecular pathological epidemiology , an interdisciplinary integration of molecular pathology and epidemiologylect Mors Principium Est ,
120-461: The blood vessels and into nearby tissues. The fluid is composed of serum , fibrin , and leukocytes . Exudate may ooze from cuts or from areas of infection or inflammation. Types of exudates: serous, serosanguineous, sanguineous, hemorrhaging and purulent drainage. There is an important distinction between transudates and exudates. Transudates are caused by disturbances of hydrostatic or colloid osmotic pressure , not by inflammation. They have
135-519: The defunct Griswold Airport in Madison, Connecticut The Federal Aviation Administration Location identifier for Philadelphia Municipal Airport , an airport located in Philadelphia, Mississippi .MPE , alternative file extension for .MPG files by Minolta depending on color space Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
150-595: The development of tunneled pleural catheters (e.g., Pleurx Catheters ), which allow outpatient treatment of effusions. If an infection due to the catheter occurs, antibiotics are given and the catheter is generally left in. A Cochrane review concluded tentatively in favour of thoracoscopy to remove the fluid and blow talc into the pleural cavity (talc poudrage) compared to other commonly used methods. [REDACTED] This article incorporates public domain material from Dictionary of Cancer Terms . U.S. National Cancer Institute . Exudates An exudate
165-464: The diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions are symptoms lasting more than 1 month and the absence of fever. Imaging is needed to confirm the presence of a pleural effusion . A Chest radiograph is usually performed first and may demonstrate an underlying lung cancer as well as the pleural effusion. Ultrasound has a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 100% at distinguishing malignant pleural effusions from other causes of pleural effusion, based on
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#1732776780416180-432: The presence of visible pleural metastases, pleural thickening greater than 1 cm, pleural nodularity, diaphragmatic thickening measuring greater than 7mm and an echogenic swirling pattern visible in the pleural fluid. Malignant pleural effusions are exudates . A low pleural fluid pH is associated with poorer survival and reduced pleurodesis efficacy. Pleural fluid cytology is positive in 60% of cases. However, in
195-716: The remaining cases, pleural biopsy is required. Image guided biopsy and thoracoscopy have largely replaced blind biopsy due to their greater sensitivity and safety profile. CT guided biopsy has a sensitivity of 87% compared to Abrams' needle biopsy, which has a sensitivity of 47%. Identification of pleural fluid biomarkers to distinguish malignant pleural effusions from other causes of exudative effusions would help diagnosis. Biomarkers that have been shown to be raised in malignant pleural effusions compared to benign disease include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endostatin, matrix metalloproteinases and tumour markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen. Pleural fluid mesothelin has
210-479: The title MPE . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MPE&oldid=1221669468 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Malignant pleural effusion Clinical factors predicting
225-412: The transudate is usually less than 1.012 and a protein content of less than 2 g/100 mL (2 g%). Rivalta test may be used to differentiate an exudate from a transudate. It is not clear if there is a distinction in the difference of transudates and exudates in plants. Plant exudates include saps , gums , latex , and resin . Sometimes nectar is considered an exudate. Plant seeds exudate
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