89-466: (Redirected from MV Britannia ) [REDACTED] Look up Britannia in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Britannia may refer to any one of a large number of ships: Britannia (1772 ship) was launched at South Carolina in 1772 and sailed as a merchant vessel until 1798. She then engaged in whaling until 1808, when she returned to being
178-423: A farthing of 1672 (see Depiction on British coinage and postage stamps below). With the constitutional unification of England with Scotland in 1707 and then with Ireland in 1800, Britannia became an increasingly important symbol and a strong rallying point among Britons. British power, which depended on a liberal political system and the supremacy of the navy , lent these attributes to the image of Britannia. By
267-582: A personification of Britain. In his 1576 "General and rare memorials pertayning to the Perfect Arte of Navigation", John Dee used a frontispiece figure of Britannia kneeling by the shore beseeching Elizabeth I, to protect her empire by strengthening her navy. With the death of Elizabeth in 1603 came the succession of her Scottish cousin, James VI, King of Scots, to the English throne. He became James I of England, and so brought under his personal rule
356-622: A "remarkably fine Ship, of large Dimensions, quite New, and sails very fast." The Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Bacchante . In July 1803 Endymion encountered the East Indiaman Culland's Grove , which was returning to Britain after having sailed to Bengal and Benkulen . The officer Paget sent aboard the Indiaman proceeded to press 12 seamen. Culland's Grove ' s captain and second officer protested vehemently that this would leave them short-handed, but Paget
445-428: A British Royal Yacht 1954–97 K1 Britannia , a 1994 replica of the 1893 royal racing yacht HMY Britannia SS Britannia , multiple steamships [REDACTED] [REDACTED] List of ships with the same or similar names This article includes a list of ships with the same or similar names. If an internal link for a specific ship led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to
534-674: A boat from Dragon , embarked marines, foot soldiers and a detachment from the Royal Artillery, to move up the Penobscot under the command of Captain Robert Barrie of Dragon . The objective was the American frigate Adams , of twenty-six 18-pounder guns, which had taken refuge some 27 miles up stream at Hampden, Maine . Here Adams had landed her guns and fortified a position on the bank with fifteen 18-pounders commanding
623-598: A cruise liner built for P&O Cruises See also [ edit ] Britannia (disambiguation) Britannia -class steamship , wooden paddlers of Cunard Lines carrying transatlantic passengers and mail, named after the first such ship (1840) Britannia Seaways (formerly Tor Britannia ), a ro-ro cargo ship of 2000 operated by DFDS Seaways Britannia (smack) , last and largest Class One Smack HMS Britannia , multiple Royal Navy warships HMY Britannia (Royal Cutter Yacht) , British Royal Racing Yacht 1893–1936 HMY Britannia ,
712-483: A light in her rigging, indicating that she had struck. Endymion's foresails had been damaged in the engagement and she hove to for repairs to the rigging (being unable to take possession of her prize due to a lack of boats that would "swim"). Whilst Endymion was engaged in repairs Commodore Stephen Decatur took advantage of the fact and, despite having struck, made off to escape at 8.30 pm; Endymion , still engaged in repairs could not immediately pursue and resumed
801-405: A long stay on the island, despite their lack of provisions or fresh water. It was resolved to abandon the heavier of the two boats and to drag the other ashore to improvise an overnight shelter. Fortunately they were saved by the fog suddenly rising, revealing the ship once more. On finally returning to the ship, some five or six hours after the fog, it was almost dark. Although Hall wasn't alone in
890-591: A merchant vessel until 1816, which is the last year in which she is listed. Britannia (1772 EIC ship) , a merchantman built by the Bombay Dockyard and rebuilt there in 1778. She then made 12 voyages as an East Indiaman under the ownership of the British East India Company (EIC) before wrecking off Brazil in 1805. She was built of teak and was the first East Indiaman trading between England and India and China to demonstrate
979-419: A mount triangular, as the island of Britain itself is described to be, we seat in the supreme place, under the shape of a fair and beautiful nymph, Britannia herself... Britain's first road atlas was updated in a series of editions titled from the early 18th into the early 19th century using the title Britannia Depicta . During the reign of Charles II , Britannia made her first appearance on English coins on
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#17327880384751068-603: A new definitive £2 coin was issued, with a new image of Britannia. She is also depicted in the Brit Awards statuette, the British Phonographic Industry 's annual music awards. The first writer to use a form of the name was the Greek explorer and geographer Pytheas in the 4th century BC. Pytheas referred to Prettanike or Brettaniai , a group of islands off the coast of North-Western Europe. In
1157-497: A surge of new restaurants and hotels. Cool Britannia represented late-1990s Britain as a fashionable place to be. Britannia is sometimes used in political cartoons to symbol the United Kingdom's relationship with other countries. Although the archetypical image of Britannia seated with a shield first appeared on Roman bronze coins of the 1st century AD struck under Hadrian , Britannia's first appearance on British coinage
1246-459: A white garment with her right breast exposed. She is usually shown seated on a rock, holding a trident, and with a spiked shield propped beside her. Sometimes she holds a standard and leans on the shield. On another range of coinage, she is seated on a globe above waves: Britain at the edge of the (known) world. Similar coin types were also issued under Antoninus Pius . After the Roman withdrawal ,
1335-657: A wider hegemony in Britain and hyperbolic inscriptions on coins and titles in charters often included the equivalent title rex Britanniae . However, when England was unified the title used was rex Angulsaxonum ('king of the Anglo-Saxons'). After centuries of declining use, the Latin form was revived during the English Renaissance as a rhetorical evocation of a British national identity. Especially following
1424-523: A woman of colour. A figure of Britannia appeared on the "white fiver" (a five pound note printed in black and white) from 1855 for more than a century, until 1957. From 1928 "Britannia Series A" ten shilling and one pound notes were printed with a seated Britannia bearing both a spear and an olive branch. The 25 cents fractional paper currency of the Dominion of Canada (1870, 1900 and 1923 respectively) all depict Britannia. Britannia also featured on
1513-511: A youth, he also had taken the King's sons back to Rome as obsides and to be educated. The Roman conquest of the island began in AD 43, leading to the establishment of the Roman province known in Latin as Britannia . The Romans never successfully conquered the whole island, building Hadrian's Wall as a boundary with Caledonia , which covered roughly the territory of modern Scotland , although
1602-679: Is no longer listed in Lloyd's Register after 1795. Britannia (1783 Saltcoats ship) was launched at Saltcoats in 1783; she made two slave trading voyages, almost being wrecked in 1793 after the first and the French capturing her in 1795 as she was on her way from Africa to the West Indies on her second slave trading voyage. Britannia (1783 whaler) , a 301-ton (bm) whaler built in 1783 at Bridport that made two voyages transporting convicts to New South Wales; wrecked in 1806 off
1691-662: Is of early date, and is reflected in Commodore Decatur's own recorded comments. Decatur made a deposition before the (British) Admiralty Court at St. George's Bermuda, in January 1815. In this it is recorded that when Pomone ' s boats boarded President , Decatur insisted that his sword be sent to the captain of "the black ship" ( Endymion ), as he had struck to her alone. However, in his later despatch, primarily for American consumption, he contradicted this statement. There has also been much discussion about how many of
1780-672: Is the national personification of Britain as a helmeted female warrior holding a trident and shield. An image first used by the Romans in classical antiquity , the Latin Britannia was the name variously applied to the British Isles , Great Britain , and the Roman province of Britain during the Roman Empire . Typically depicted reclining or seated with spear and shield since appearing thus on Roman coins of
1869-552: The Acts of Union in 1707, which joined the Kingdoms of England and Scotland , the personification of the martial Britannia was used as an emblem of British maritime power and unity, most notably in the patriotic song " Rule, Britannia! ". A British cultural icon, she was featured on all modern British coinage series until the redesign in 2008, and still appears annually on the gold and silver " Britannia " bullion coin series. In 2015
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#17327880384751958-542: The British halfpenny coin throughout the rest of the 17th century and thereafter until 1936. The halfpennies issued during the reign of Queen Anne have Britannia closely resembling the queen herself. When the Bank of England was granted a charter in 1694, the directors decided within days that the device for their official seal should represent 'Brittannia sitting on looking on a Bank of Mony' (sic). Britannia also appeared on
2047-612: The First Opium War and included operations on the Yangtze river. She became a receiving ship in 1859 and was broken up in June 1868. Throughout her career, Endymion was praised for her remarkable sailing qualities. She was therefore a highly desirable command for frigate captains . Even in the 1830s, long after her war service, she was regarded as the benchmark for Royal Navy frigates. When in company with much newer ships, she
2136-584: The High Middle Ages . Following the migration of Brythonic Celts, the term Britannia also came to refer to the Armorican peninsula (at least from the 6th century). The modern English, French, Breton and Gallo names for the area, all derive from a literal use of Britannia meaning "land of the Britons". The two "Britannias" gave rise to the term Grande Bretagne (Great Britain) to distinguish
2225-567: The Napoleonic Wars , the War of 1812 and during the First Opium War . She was built to the lines of the French prize Pomone captured in 1794. Due to her exceptional handling and sailing properties, the Severn -class frigates were built to her lines, although the gunports were rearranged to mount an extra pair of guns per side, the ships were made of softwood and were not built until nearly
2314-579: The Ottoman Empire . The mission was a failure and when the squadron sailed back through the Dardanelles , Turkish shore batteries attacked the British, with Endymion suffering three killed and nine wounded. From 1808 on, Endymion served again in home waters, where she took a number of French privateers. In August 1810, Endymion , in company with HMS Princess Charlotte , sailed to
2403-585: The Public Record Office , James Fisher (of the 1955 Rockall landing) discovered that the first landing date was actually Sunday 8 September 1811. Captain Sir William Bolton took command sometime in 1810 through to 9 March 1812. One of her lieutenants during the 1810 voyage was one Basil Hall , who was still with the ship when the 1811 landing was made. In July 1811 Endymion was again within sight of Rockall and made soundings of
2492-508: The War of 1812 , Endymion was kept in ordinary until 1833. From 1840 to 1842, she served in the fleet commanded by Sir William Parker in the First Anglo-Chinese War (1839–42), known popularly as the First Opium War , including operations on the Yangtze river. On 8 December 1846, she rescued eight crew of USS Somers , which was wrecked off Vera Cruz , Mexico whilst blockading that port. In 1859, she became
2581-571: The penny coin between 1797 and 1967 , occasional issues such as the fourpence under William IV between 1836 and 1837, and on the 50 pence coin between 1969 and 2008. See "External Links" below for examples of all these coins and others. In the spring of 2008, the Royal Mint unveiled new coin designs "reflecting a more modern twenty-first century Britain" which do not feature the image of Britannia. The government pointed out, however, that earlier-design 50p coins will remain in circulation for
2670-479: The 14-gun privateer Milan . In 1812, the ship underwent a large repair at Plymouth , finally docking out in July 1813. Two further 32-pounder carronades were added to her armament and her complement was increased to 340 men. She was then detached to North America , where she captured some American privateers. Her crew also undertook several boat-attacks to raid American shipping. Her boats attempted to capture
2759-586: The 15-gun vessel Mars – with 70 men. From 7–8 April 1814, the boats of Hogue , Endymion , Maidstone and Borer attacked Pettipague point . In 1847 the Admiralty awarded the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "8 Apr Boat Service 1814" to all surviving claimants from the action. In August 1814, together with Armide , Endymion captured the American privateer Herald of 17 guns and 100 men. In late 1814, Endymion joined
Britannia (ship) - Misplaced Pages Continue
2848-761: The 1st century BC, Diodorus Siculus referred to Pretannia , a rendering of the indigenous name for the Pretani people whom the Greeks believed to inhabit the British Isles . Following the Greek usage, the Romans referred to the Insulae Britannicae in the plural, consisting of Albion (Great Britain), Hibernia (Ireland), Thule (possibly Iceland or Orkney ) and many smaller islands. Over time, Albion specifically came to be known as Britannia , and
2937-463: The 1st century BC, Britannia replaced Albion as the prevalent Latin name for the island of Great Britain . After the Roman conquest in 43 AD, Britannia came to refer to the Roman province that encompassed the southern two-thirds of the island (see Roman Britain ). The remaining third of the island, known to the Romans as Caledonia , lay north of the River Forth in modern Scotland . It
3026-540: The 2021 Britannia bullion coin range. The original 1987 coin design by Philip Nathan was enhanced with new security features. The Royal Mint claims this makes the Britannia "the world's most visually secure bullion coin." The security features include a latent image, micro-text, surface animation and tincture lines. In 2021, the Royal Mint issued a new range of commemorative coins featuring a redesigned Britannia as
3115-519: The 2nd century AD, the classical national allegory was revived in the early modern period . On coins of the pound sterling issued by Charles II of England, Scotland, and Ireland , Britannia appears with her shield bearing the Union Flag . To symbolise the Royal Navy 's victories, Britannia's spear became the characteristic trident in 1797, and a helmet was added to the coinage in 1825. By
3204-580: The Admiralty authorized the issue to any still surviving crew from Endymion of the Naval General Service Medal with clasp "Endymion wh. President". There has been a long-running debate over whether Endymion had beaten President , or President had beaten Endymion . Clearly, President could not fight a normal duel such as that which USS Constitution fought with Java . Had Decatur tried to fight Endymion broadside to broadside, he would have had little chance of escaping
3293-658: The American casualties were due to Pomone ' s broadsides. Before Pomone fired her first broadside, President was already shattered with shot holes on the starboard side, the side Endymion had engaged. Pomone engaged the port side, and there was only little damage recorded. (See the external links, for two different descriptions of the fight). In reality there is no debate, since witness testimony from officers on President stated clearly that no casualties were caused, due mainly to poorly aimed broadsides and many American personnel being below decks. Comparison of force (English measurement methods used for both ships) After
3382-435: The American frigate, pouring in three raking broadsides that caused heavy casualties and forcing her to strike. Endymion had successfully disabled six guns on President ' s starboard side by shooting them off their carriages or damaging the gun barrels. A total 10 of the 15 starboard upper deck gunports on President were hit and the gun crew reduced. It was recorded that shot from Endymion had pierced President below
3471-753: The American privateer Invincible Napoleon on 16 August. On 14 January 1815, USS President under the command of Commodore Stephen Decatur left New York for a mission in the Indian Ocean . She then fell in with the British blockading-squadron, consisting of the razee Majestic (56 guns, Commodore John Hayes ) and the frigates Endymion ( Captain Henry Hope ), Pomone (38 guns, Captain John Richard Lumley ) and Tenedos (38 guns, Captain Hyde Parker ). Immediately,
3560-607: The British squadron gave chase with Majestic leading. At noon, Endymion , being the much better sailer, overhauled her squadron and left them behind. At 2 pm she gained on the President and took position on the American ship's quarter, shooting into President as she tried to escape. Endymion was able to rake President three times and did considerable damage to her; by contrast, President primarily directed her fire at Endymion's rigging in order to slow her down. Finally at 7:58 pm, President ceased fire and hoisted
3649-540: The Dutch ship and she was able to escape. For the next three years, Williams was employed off Ireland and on convoy to the island of St Helena . In early 1798 Endymion captured four privateers while cruising off the Irish coast. On 5 September 1798, Williams reported capturing or recapturing three vessels: In late 1799 to May 1800 Endymion captured a number of French and Spanish privateers. In November 1799 Endymion
Britannia (ship) - Misplaced Pages Continue
3738-433: The French privateer Bougainville had captured her. Amazon also captured Bougainville , of eighteen 6-pounder guns and 82 men. Bougainville , of Saint-Malo , had been under the command of Pierre Dupont. Bougainville ran foul of Amazon and foundered, but all but one man of her crew were saved. Amazon , including Bougainville ' s crew, Endymion , and Trelawney arrived at Portsmouth on 21 February. Endymion
3827-517: The Kingdoms of England (and the dominion of Wales), Ireland and Scotland . On 20 October 1604, James VI and I proclaimed himself as "King of Great Brittaine, France and Ireland", a title that continued to be used by many of his successors. When James came to the English throne, some elaborate pageants were staged. One pageant performed on the streets of London in 1605 was described in Anthony Munday 's Triumphs of Reunited Britannia : On
3916-584: The Rockall Bank. By 8 September she had returned and hove to 2 miles (3.2 km) east north east. Dating the landing was again Fisher's detective work, based on Hall's own log. Lieutenant Basil Hall was part of this first landing party upon it, probably under the command of Lieutenant Richard Israel Alleyn , Endymion' s First Lieutenant . The landing appears to have begun most casually. To quote Hall's own book, "As we had nothing better on our hands, it
4005-528: The allied Franco-Spanish force under Admiral Villeneuve . On 2 October, Nelson ordered Louis's five ships of the line with Endymion to Gibraltar for water and provisions; in consequence, Endymion missed the Battle of Trafalgar on 21 October. In 1807 she took part in the Dardanelles Operation , where she was detached to Constantinople with the British ambassador for negotiations with
4094-505: The best known British designers, stylists and artists, including Damien Hirst , Tracey Emin , Sir Peter Blake and also the late Dame Vivienne Westwood and Dame Zaha Hadid . The name "Britannia", symbolising Britain and British patriotism, has been adopted for a variety of purposes, including: HMS Endymion (1797) HMS Endymion was a 40-gun fifth rate that served in the French Revolutionary Wars ,
4183-529: The blockading-squadron off New York . In August, Endymion took part in an expedition up the Penobscot River in Maine. The first ships to go were Sylph , Dragon , Endymion , Bacchante , Peruvian , as well as some transports. Bulwark , Tenedos , Rifleman , and Pictou joined on the 31st. On the evening of 31 August, Sylph , Peruvian , and the transport Harmony , accompanied by
4272-658: The chase at 8.52 pm. At 9.05 pm Pomone and Tenedos came up with the heavily damaged President . Unaware that the enemy had already struck Pomone fired two broadsides into the President , following which Decatur again struck his ship and hailed the British to say that he had surrendered. Shortly afterwards, Captain Lumley of Pomone took possession of President . According to British accounts, President had lost 35 men killed and 70 wounded, including Decatur. American sources give their losses as 24 killed and 55 wounded. Endymion had 11 killed and 14 wounded. In 1847
4361-572: The coast of Australia Britannia (1788 ship) was launched at New Brunswick in 1788. She was captured in 1797 on her second slave trading voyage. Britannia (1788 Scotland ship) was launched in Scotland. She wrecked on 8 February 1794 in the Wreck of the Ten Sail . Britannia (1791 ship) was launched at Plymouth 1791. A French privateer captured and burnt her as Britannia
4450-770: The command of lieutenant de vaisseaux Caro. The Royal Navy took her into service as HMS Colombe . Seven days later, Endymion captured the French corvette Bacchante , of eighteen 12-pounder guns and 200 men, in the Atlantic after a chase of eight hours. Bacchante , under the command of lieutenant de vaisseau Kerimel was returning to Brest after a three-month voyage to Santo Domingo. Kerimel's attempts to escape resulted in Bacchante losing eight men killed and nine wounded; her return fire caused no casualties on Endymion . Captain Charles Paget described Bacchante as
4539-619: The end of the Napoleonic Wars. She was famous for her battle with USS President on 15 January 1815, in which she caught the American frigate and crippled her, which led to President ' s final capture some hours later. Apart from this, Endymion was known as the fastest sailing- ship in the Royal Navy during the Age of Sail , logging 14.4 knots (26.7 km/h) sailing large, and nearly 11.0 knots (20.4 km/h) close-hauled. Endymion ' s last active duty came during
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#17327880384754628-438: The famous American privateer Prince de Neufchatel , but were unsuccessful. In all, Endymion lost over 100 men killed, wounded, prisoners, or missing, in the attempt. At the time, Prince de Neufchatel was under the command of John Ordronaux , who was also one of her three owners. She was armed with 17-18 guns, almost all 12-pounder carronades, and had a crew of 130 men. On 6 December 1813 as John and James , Crosby, master,
4717-470: The fog. One of the party was landed back on the rock, in an attempt to scale it in search of a fog-free look-out. His first view was of an approaching fog bank, which in this area could last for some days. The ship was sighted though, and after another delay to retrieve their "shivering scout" they rowed off in chase. Unfortunately the ship did not see them before the fog returned and they were forced to return yet again to Rockall. At this point planning began for
4806-414: The foreseeable future. Also Britannia still appeared on the gold and silver " Britannia " bullion coins issued annually by the Royal Mint. A new definitive £2 coin was issued in 2015, with a new image of Britannia. In late 2015, a limited edition (100000 run) £50 coin was produced, bearing the image of Britannia on one side and Queen Elizabeth II on the obverse. In October 2020, The Royal Mint released
4895-408: The heel of the emperor. She appeared on coins issued under Hadrian , as a more regal-looking female figure. Britannia was soon personified as a goddess, looking fairly similar to the goddess Athena - Minerva - both are seated and replete with helmet, spear (trident) and shield. Early portraits of the goddess depict Britannia as a beautiful young woman, wearing a Corinthian helmet , and wrapped in
4984-560: The high value Great Britain definitive postage stamps issued during the reign of George V (known as ' seahorses ') and is depicted on the £10 stamp first issued in 1993. The Britannia watermark has been widely used in papermaking, usually showing her seated. An example can be found at papermoulds.typepad.com Britannia is depicted in the Brit Award statuette, the British Phonographic Industry 's annual music awards. The statuette of Britannia has been regularly redesigned by some of
5073-428: The intended ship article, if one exists. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Britannia_(ship)&oldid=1028520348 " Categories : Set index articles on ships Ship names Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description is different from Wikidata All set index articles Britannia Britannia ( / b r ɪ ˈ t æ n i ə / )
5162-549: The island of Britain from the continental peninsula. Following the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain , the term "Briton" only referred to the native British , Celtic-speaking inhabitants of the province; this remained the case until the modern era. The use of the term as an inhabitant of the island of Great Britain or the UK is relatively recent. It was during the reign of Elizabeth I that "Britannia" again came to be used as
5251-403: The landing party, and unlikely to have been either its commander or the "shivering scout", he is known for having been the only person to publish a written account of the landing. The 1955 landing party thus named the big ledge near the top, where they erected their flagpole, "Hall's Ledge" after the only named person who was known to have landed in 1811. On 11 November 1810, Endymion captured
5340-476: The name Sally , first as a transport and then as a West Indiaman . Liverpool merchants purchased her and she became Britannia in 1787. She then sailed to the Baltic and Russia. She was wrecked in 1793. Britannia (1782 ship) , a 234-ton (bm) vessel launched at Newfoundland in 1782; she was returning from a whaling voyage in July 1793 when a French privateer captured her. Britannia (1783 ship) ,
5429-520: The name for the group was subsequently dropped. Although the creation and unification of the province of Britannia is commonly attributed to the emperor Claudius in 43 AD, Julius Caesar had already established Roman authority over the Southern and Eastern Britain dynasties during his two expeditions to the island in 55 and 54 BC. Just as Caesar himself had been an obside , hostage, in Bithynia as
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#17327880384755518-421: The other British ships. His only hope was to get rid of Endymion by dismantling her rigging, and in this he failed, striking to Endymion before this could be accomplished, a fact confirmed by Mr Bowie, ship's chaplain of President who confirmed the raising of the light indicating surrender to Endymion . On the other hand, Endymion - as the smaller and weaker ship (see below) - managed to slow down and damage
5607-684: The qualities of teak in ship construction. Britannia (1774 ship) , a 500-ton ( bm ) merchantman built in 1774 that made five voyages for the British East India Company, on one of which she transported convicts to Australia in a voyage noted for the death toll due to the captain's brutality. She then became a whaler in the South Seas Fishery. Britannia (1787 ship) was built in France in 1774. The British captured her in 1781 and she began sailing under
5696-569: The river. Moving up the river took two days, but eventually, after the Battle of Hampden , the British were able to capture the American defenders at Bangor , though not until after the Americans had burnt the Adams . The British also captured 11 other ships and destroyed six. The British lost only one man killed, a sailor from Dragon , and had several soldiers wounded. HMS Armide , Endymion , and Pique were in company when Armide captured
5785-448: The south and Britannia Inferior ( lit. ' Lower Britain ' ) to the north. The name Britannia long survived the end of Roman rule in Britain in the 5th century and yielded the name for the island in most European and various other languages, including the English Britain and the modern Welsh Prydain . In the 9th century the associated terms Bretwalda and Brytenwealda were applied to some Anglo-Saxon kings to assert
5874-422: The term Cool Britannia (drawn from a humorous version by the Bonzo Dog Band of the song " Rule Britannia ", with words by James Thomson [1700–1748], which is often used as an unofficial national anthem ), was used to describe the contemporary United Kingdom. The phrase referred to the fashionable scenes of the era, with a new generation of pop groups and style magazines, successful young fashion designers, and
5963-480: The term "Britannia" remained in use in Britain and abroad. Latin was ubiquitous amongst native Brythonic writers and the term continued in the Welsh tradition that developed from it. Writing with variations on the term Britannia (or Prydein in the native language) appeared in many Welsh works such as the Historia Britonum , Armes Prydein and the 12th-century Historia Regum Britanniae , which gained unprecedented popularity throughout western Europe during
6052-478: The then little-known remote islet of Rockall . T. Harvey, her master under Captain Thomas Bladen Capel , plotted its position to 57°39′32″N 13°31′16″W / 57.65889°N 13.52111°W / 57.65889; -13.52111 , around 7 miles (11 km) north-east its true position. John Purdy 's Memoir was long accepted for dating the first landing on Rockall as being on this voyage, on 8 July 1810. However, examining Endymion ' s own logs at
6141-424: The time of Queen Victoria , Britannia had been renewed. Still depicted as a young woman with brown or golden hair, she kept her Corinthian helmet and her white robes, but now she held Neptune's trident and often sat or stood before the ocean and tall-masted ships representing British naval power. She also usually held or stood beside a Greek hoplite shield, which sported the British Union Flag : also at her feet
6230-399: The turn of the 20th century and still features in the New Zealand Coat of Arms . Perhaps the best analogy is that Britannia is to the United Kingdom and the British Empire what Marianne is to France or perhaps what Columbia is to the United States. Britannia became a very potent and more common figure in times of war, and represented British liberties and democracy. During the 1990s
6319-443: The waterline and six feet (1.8 m) of water was found in President ' s hold when Pomone boarded her. Shot from Endymion was even found inside President ' s magazine . However, it is also asserted that far from surrendering to Endymion , President had actually disabled Endymion and removed her from the pursuit. Instead President was only forced to surrender when Pomone and Tenedos came up. This uncertainty
6408-632: The whole of the boundary marked by Hadrian's Wall lies within modern-day Northern England . A southern part of what is now Scotland was occupied by the Romans for about 20 years in the mid-2nd century AD, keeping in place the Picts to the north of the Antonine Wall . People living in the Roman province of Britannia were called Britanni , or Britons . Ireland, inhabited by the Scoti , was never invaded and
6497-467: Was a ship of 296 tons (bm) launched at Sunderland in 1783. Between 1791 and 1796 she was at Australia. She returned to Britain in 1797. Between 1798 and 1822 she served as a Greenland whaler, and then between 1822 and 1837 as a South Seas whaler. From 1837 she served as a collier, and is no longer listed after 1845. Britannia (1783 Maryport ship) , launched at Maryport in 1783, made two and possibly three whaling voyages between 1793 and 1797. She
6586-430: Was acting within the law. The Royal Navy was short of men and was in the habit of stopping homecoming merchant vessels and taking some of their best sailors. Paget's position was that the men he took were "surplus company, and that he was authorized to press men out of homeward-bound ships." In Autumn 1805, Endymion joined the squadron of Rear Admiral Louis off Cadiz , part of Vice Admiral Nelson 's fleet, blockading
6675-580: Was built at Hull in 1802 and sailed as a West Indiaman. In 1804 she succeeded in repelling the attack of a French privateer in a notable single-ship action , but blew up in an accidental explosion in Cork harbour in 1806. Britannia (1806 EIC ship) was an East Indiaman launched in 1806 and wrecked on the Goodwin Sands in 1809 Britannia (1815 steamship) was Glasgow paddle steamer serving western Scotland ports, and later Londonderry. She
6764-448: Was called Hibernia . Thule , an island "six days' sail north of Britain, and [...] near the frozen sea", possibly Iceland , was also never invaded by the Romans. Claudius paid a visit while Britain was being conquered and was honoured with the agnomen Britannicus as if he were the conqueror; a frieze discovered at Aphrodisias in 1980 shows a bare breasted and helmeted female warrior labelled BRITANNIA , writhing in agony under
6853-790: Was captured from the Dutch c.1798. She made one complete whaling voyage in 1799–1800 to the South Seas fishery, before the Spanish captured her in 1801 at the Galapagos Islands. Britannia (1798 Kircaldy ship) was launched at Kirkcaldy. she spent her career as a West Indiaman . In 1807 a French privateer captured her, but the British Royal Navy recaptured her the next day. Finally, an American privateer captured her in October 1812. Britannia (1802 ship)
6942-573: Was escorting a convoy of vessels that had come from India via St Helena . A gale came up and dispersed the convoy in the Channel. Endymion reached Plymouth, but the merchantman Bhavani wrecked on the French coast near Boulogne on 12 November. Twenty-four of her crew died, but the rest reached shore. The French took them prisoner, but released them on 10 January 1800. On 14 February 1800 Endymion and HMS Amazon recaptured Trelawney , which had been sailing from Liverpool to Leghorn when
7031-511: Was intermittently but not permanently occupied by the Roman army . The name is a Latinisation of the native Brittonic word for Great Britain, Pretanī , which also produced the Greek form Prettanike or Brettaniai . In the 2nd century, Roman Britannia came to be personified as a goddess, armed with a spear and shield and wearing a Corinthian helmet . When Roman Britain was divided into four provinces in 197 AD, two were called Britannia Superior ( lit. ' Upper Britain ' ) in
7120-804: Was often the British Lion, an animal found on the arms of England, Scotland and the Prince of Wales. Neptune is shown symbolically passing his trident to Britannia in the 1847 fresco "Neptune Resigning to Britannia the Empire of the Sea" by William Dyce , a painting Victoria commissioned for her Osborne House on the Isle of Wight . New Zealanders adopted a similar personification of their country in Zealandia , Britannia's daughter, who appeared on postage stamps at
7209-420: Was on the farthing in 1672, though earlier pattern versions had appeared in 1665, followed by the halfpenny later the same year. The figure of Britannia was said by Samuel Pepys to have been modelled on Frances Teresa Stuart, the future Duchess of Richmond , who was famous at the time for refusing to become the mistress of Charles II, despite the King's strong infatuation with her. Britannia then appeared on
7298-409: Was part of the blockading squadron off Brest until 1805. During these first years of service, Endymion took a number of French and Spanish prizes , mainly merchants and privateers , but also some warships of up to 20 guns. On 18 June Endymion and Dragon captured the French "National Corvette" Colombe . She was 40 days out of Martinque, bound for Brest , and had a crew of 65 men under
7387-403: Was resolved to make an exploring expedition to visit this little islet. Two boats were accordingly manned for the purpose; ... the artists prepared their sketch books and the geologists their hammers, for a grand scientific field day." Whilst indicating the impromptu nature of the landing, this also signifies that science was a deliberate aim from the first. The sea on this "fine autumnal morning"
7476-466: Was returning from Chili with 1000 barrels of oil, Pomone captured her and sent her into Bermuda. Pomone shared with Endymion in the prize money for John and James . On 1 January 1814, Endymion captured the American merchant ship Felicity in the Atlantic Ocean , set her afire, and sank her. On 7 March 1814, Endymion , Belvidera and Rattler captured an American privateer –
7565-452: Was sailing from London to Mogadore via Gibraltar. Britannia (1794 ship) , was launched on the Thames. She made one voyage for the British East India Company before the French privateer Huron captured her in 1798 on the return leg of a second. HMS Endymion recaptured her shortly thereafter.then became a West Indiaman ; she was lost c.1801. Britannia (1798 ship)
7654-636: Was sailing in company with Champion and a convoy for the Mediterranean when they came upon a heavily laden Portuguese ship from Brazil, totally dismasted and abandoned. The British, after considerable exertion, were able to put her into a navigable state. Champion then towed her into Gibraltar. In 1801, Williams assumed command of the 74-gun third-rate ship of the line HMS Vanguard . Captain Philip Charles Durham replaced Williams. When war broke out again in 1803, she
7743-565: Was still capable of outsailing them. In April 1797, Captain Thomas Williams commissioned Endymion for the Channel and Irish station. In October Endymion joined the North Sea fleet with orders to pursue the scattered Dutch ships in the aftermath of the Battle of Camperdown . Within hours, Endymion encountered the ship of the line Brutus close inshore, but the protected anchorage prevented Williams from successfully attacking
7832-464: Was unusually smooth, but a swell of many feet made landing difficult and required a great deal of confidence when leaping ashore. Observations and measurements were made until a fog was observed. Concern over the Endymion' s continuing visibility caused them to begin their return. The increasing swell made embarking difficult and it took half an hour to gain the boats. By this time Endymion was lost in
7921-465: Was wrecked in 1829 at Donaghadee Britannia (1829), a 411-ton (bm) ship-rigged merchantman Britannia , a 270-ton (bm) brig that sank off Australia in 1839 RMS Britannia (1840), a pioneering transatlantic paddle steamer, the first in a class of Cunard Lines ships MV Britannia (1983) , a tourboat based in Coal Harbour, Vancouver MV Britannia (2015) ,
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