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99-949: The hotel was named after the Paris nightclub, the Moulin Rouge . In the 1950s, almost all of the casinos in Downtown Las Vegas and the Strip were totally segregated —off limits to Black people unless they were the entertainment or labor force. It was during this era that Vester Heath saw the need for an integrated hotel. A group of White investors, led by Will Max Schwartz (38% ownership share), including Louis Rubin (29% share), owner of Chandler's Restaurant in New York City , and Alexander Bisno (31% share), who worked in real estate in California financed and opened

198-503: A grain elevator , a gazebo and a bridge. Objects are usually artistic in nature, or small in scale compared to structures and buildings. Although objects may be movable, they are generally associated with a specific setting or environment. Examples of objects include monuments, sculptures and fountains. Sites are the locations of significant events, which can be prehistoric or historic in nature and represent activities or buildings (standing, ruined, or vanished). When sites are listed, it

297-499: A 20-year-old set designer whose work became synonymous with the venue. Jacques-Charles and Mistinguett collaborated on several acclaimed revues, including: 1925: Revue Mistinguett 1926: Ça c'est Paris 1928: Paris qui tourne During a 1927 performance, an incident occurred when female dancers emerged from multi-tiered artificial cakes covered in real frosting. The slippery cake cream on their high heels caused them to repeatedly slip and fall on stage, resulting in disruptions to

396-472: A National Register nomination, although historians and historic preservation consultants often are employed for this work. The nomination consists of a standard registration form (NPS 10-900) and contains basic information about a property's physical appearance and the type of significance embodied in the building, structure, object, site, or district. The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) receives National Register nominations and provides feedback to

495-574: A black long-suffering Auguste , gained popularity and were frequently featured on Moulin Rouge posters. On 19 April 1890, the first revue, "Circassiens et Circassiennes," debuted. On 26 October 1890, during a private visit to Paris, the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII , reserved a table to witness a quadrille at the Moulin Rouge, where La Goulue famously greeted him with the exclamation, "Hey, Wales,

594-568: A government building. The demolition of the remaining hotel buildings was approved in August and carried out in October of that year after a final fire. In July 2019 a bid by a local group called Moulin Rouge LLC to develop a new hotel, casino, and convention center complex was accepted; a bid by a rival group also proposed a new casino and hotel. As of 2020, only the sign frame remains. The site

693-563: A historic district are united historically or aesthetically, either by choice or by the nature of their development. There are several other different types of historic preservation associated with the properties of the National Register of Historic Places that cannot be classified as either simple buildings or historic districts. Through the National Park Service, the National Register of Historic Places publishes

792-414: A landmark red windmill on its roof. The closest métro station is Blanche . Moulin Rouge is best known as the birthplace of the modern form of the can-can dance. Originally introduced as a seductive dance by the courtesans who operated from the site, the can-can dance revue evolved into a form of entertainment of its own and led to the introduction of cabarets across Europe. Today, the Moulin Rouge

891-646: A policy developed early in its history. The United States Supreme Court ruled in the 1971 case Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe that parklands could have the same protected status as " historic sites ". Listed properties are generally in one of five broad categories, although there are special considerations for other types of properties that in anyone, or into more specialized subcategories. The five general categories for National Register properties are: building, structure, site, district and object. In addition, historic districts consist of contributing and non-contributing properties. Buildings, as defined by

990-607: A series of bulletins designed to aid in evaluating and applying the criteria for evaluation of different types of properties. Although the criteria are always the same, the manner they are applied may differ slightly, depending upon the type of property involved. The National Register bulletins describe the application of the criteria for aids to navigation, historic battlefields, archaeological sites, aviation properties, cemeteries and burial places, historic designed landscapes , mining sites, post offices, properties associated with significant persons, properties achieving significance within

1089-964: A staple feature: On 7 September 1979, the Moulin Rouge marked its 90th anniversary, reaffirming its status as a prominent fixture in Parisian nightlife. The celebration featured an array of stars, including Ginger Rogers , Thierry Le Luron , Dalida , and Charles Aznavour , among others. Notable events followed, including a special presentation of the show to Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on 23 November 1981. The venue hosted renowned performers such as Liza Minnelli in February 1982, followed by gala performances with Dean Martin in July 1984 and Frank Sinatra in September 1984. A milestone occurred on 1 December 1986, when world-renowned dancer Mikhail Baryshnikov premiered an original ballet by Maurice Béjart at

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1188-586: A successful businesswoman, touring extensively across Europe and the United States. On 9 April 1910, a former lady-in-waiting to Empress Eugénie attended a showing of the Revue Amoureuse at the Moulin Rouge and was so captivated by the faithful recreation of a ceremony for the return of troops from Italy that she exclaimed, "Long Live the Empress!" Tragically, on 27 February 1915, the Moulin Rouge

1287-425: A wedding chapel. The two planned towers would have reached 300 and 420 ft (91 and 128 m) in height, each sheathed in a "multi-toned red curtain wall". Instead, the developers went bankrupt in 2008 and a receiver was appointed for the property. Following a February 2009 decision to tear down the structures as a public nuisance , the third fire in four years on May 6 of that year caused significant damage to

1386-541: Is a cabaret in Paris , on Boulevard de Clichy, at Place Blanche, the intersection of, and terminus of Rue Blanche. In 1889, the Moulin Rouge was co-founded by Charles Zidler and Joseph Oller , who also owned the Paris Olympia . The original venue was destroyed by fire in 1915. Moulin Rouge is southwest of Montmartre , in the Paris district of Pigalle on Boulevard de Clichy in the 18th arrondissement , and has

1485-553: Is a tourist attraction , offering predominantly musical dance entertainment for visitors from around the world. The club's decor still contains much of the romance of fin de siècle France. On 6 October 1889, the Moulin Rouge opened as the Jardin de Paris , an outdoor garden café-concert , at the foot of the Montmartre hill. Its creator Joseph Oller and his Manager Charles Zidler were formidable businessmen who understood

1584-536: Is only an exception to the criteria that shape listings within the National Register of Historic Places. Of the eight "exceptions" [or criteria considerations], Consideration G, for properties that have achieved significance within the past fifty years, is probably the best-known, yet also misunderstood preservation principle in America. The National Register evaluation procedures do not use the term "exclusions". The stricter National Historic Landmarks Criteria, upon which

1683-528: Is required to "take into account the effect of the undertaking" on the National Register property, as well as to afford the ACHP a reasonable opportunity to comment. While Section 106 does not mandate explicitly that any federal agency director accept the advice of the ACHP, their advice has a practical influence, especially given the statutory obligations of the NHPA that require federal agencies to "take into account

1782-570: Is the United States federal government 's official list of sites, buildings, structures, districts , and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic value". The enactment of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) in 1966 established the National Register and the process for adding properties to it. Of the more than one and a half million properties on

1881-462: Is the locations themselves that are of historical interest. They possess cultural or archaeological value regardless of the value of any structures that currently exist at the locations. Examples of types of sites include shipwrecks , battlefields , campsites , natural features and rock shelters . Historic districts possess a concentration, association, or continuity of the other four types of properties. Objects, structures, buildings and sites in

1980-648: Is totally flat. It was sold to BBC Capital, a private equity investment firm based in Australia, in November 2020, for $ 3.1 million. The firm plans to build a casino on the site. The Southern Nevada Regional Housing Authority has expressed an interest in acquiring the northern parcel to develop market rate housing integrated with the Marble Manor development. The complex itself consisted of two " Googie-populuxe " Modernist style stuccoed buildings that housed

2079-692: The 53rd Eurovision Song Contest . The venue's global reach extended further in February 2009 when it was showcased as part of the Year of France in Brazil and the Rio Carnival on Copacabana Beach . However, on 13 January 2013, Moulin Rouge owner Jacki Clérico passed away, followed by the death of Doris Haug, founder of the Doris's Girls, on 10 August 2014. Despite these losses, the Moulin Rouge celebrated its 125th anniversary on 6 October 2014. On 25 April 2024,

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2178-596: The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) has the most significant role by Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The section requires that the director of any federal agency with direct or indirect jurisdiction of a project that may affect a property listed or determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places must first report to the Advisory Council . The director of said agency

2277-579: The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), to confront adverse effects of federal activities on historic preservation. To administer the newly created National Register of Historic Places, the National Park Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior, with director George B. Hartzog Jr. , established an administrative division named the Federal Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (OAHP). Hartzog charged OAHP with creating

2376-462: The Balajo in Paris, acquired the Moulin Rouge and initiated extensive renovation efforts. Architects Pierre Devinoy, Bernard de La Tour d’Auvergne, and Marion Tournon-Branly were tasked with enhancing and outfitting the new auditorium. The envisioned décor by Jo France, largely executed by Henri Mahé, a prominent designer of the era, remains intact to this day. The return of evening dances, acts, and

2475-512: The June 20, 1955 , cover of Life magazine, with a photo of two showgirls . Notable performers regularly showed to party until dawn. Prominent Black singers and musicians such as Lena Horne , Sammy Davis Jr. , Louis Armstrong , Sarah Vaughan , Nat King Cole , Duke Ellington , Dorothy Dandridge , Harry Belafonte , Pearl Bailey , Lionel Hampton , and Count Basie would perform often. Many of these artists were banned from gambling or staying at

2574-664: The National Historic Landmarks designated before the Register's creation, as well as any other historic sites in the National Park System. Approval of the act, which was amended in 1980 and 1992, represented the first time the United States had a broad-based historic preservation policy. The 1966 act required those agencies to work in conjunction with the SHPO and an independent federal agency ,

2673-569: The United States Department of the Interior . In February 1983, the two assistant directorates were merged to promote efficiency and recognize the interdependency of their programs. Jerry L. Rogers was selected to direct this newly merged associate directorate. He was described as a skilled administrator, who was sensitive to the need for the NPS to work with SHPOs, academia and local governments. Although not described in detail in

2772-542: The " Welcome to Las Vegas " sign at the south end of the Strip. The hotel was located in West Las Vegas, where the black population lived. West Las Vegas was bounded by Washington Avenue on the north, Bonanza Road on the south, H Street on the west, and A Street on the east. The establishment was a model of eye-catching, 110 rooms, a gorgeous showroom, swimming pool, restaurant/coffee shop, dress-shop, and bar which

2871-624: The 1966 act, SHPOs eventually became integral to the process of listing properties on the National Register. The 1980 amendments of the 1966 law further defined the responsibilities of SHPOs concerning the National Register. Several 1992 amendments of the NHPA added a category to the National Register, known as Traditional Cultural Properties: those properties associated with Native American or Hawaiian groups. The National Register of Historic Places has grown considerably from its legislative origins in 1966. In 1986, citizens and groups nominated 3,623 separate properties, sites and districts for inclusion on

2970-442: The Moulin Rouge (like many closed properties) operates on a temporary basis for a state-mandated minimum of eight hours every two years. For example, video poker machines were trucked in for a day on June 19, 2012, June 11, 2014, May 29, 2018, and May 14, 2024. The hotel was leased separately and kept operating after the closure of the casino. Leo Frey purchased and reopened the resort in 1957, but it continued with limited services in

3069-486: The Moulin Rouge Agreements of 1960, westside businesses and the Moulin Rouge itself suffered, as Black patrons were no longer limited to segregated businesses. For a while the hotel was owned by the first African American woman to hold a Nevada Gaming License , Sarann Knight-Preddy , who first leased the site in 1985, then purchased it for approximately $ 2 million from Leo Frey in 1989. Although

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3168-419: The Moulin Rouge at a cost of $ 3.5 million. Famed Black boxer Joe Louis was brought in with a small ownership share (2%) to serve as the official host. Its 900 West Bonanza Road site placed it in a prime location between the Strip, which served a predominantly White audience, and the segregated Black neighborhood of West Las Vegas. 25 of 27 applicants (including Rubin and Louis) were granted gambling licenses by

3267-477: The Moulin Rouge closed in October 1955. Segregation continued as part of normal Las Vegas operations. In one incident in the late 1950s, ex-Moulin Rouge dancer Anna Bailey was part of a group of Black women who went to the Sands to watch Frank Sinatra perform; after being stopped by security and denied entry, Sinatra himself escorted them into the lounge and seated them at his private table. The short but vibrant life of

3366-421: The Moulin Rouge complex remained shuttered for decades, many failed plans were hatched to rebuild and reopen the cultural landmark. But on May 29, 2003, a fire gutted the complex. The facade, with its signature stylized name was spared destruction. In 2004, a man arrested near the property was sentenced to four years in prison after pleading guilty to one count of arson in connection with the fire. January 2004 saw

3465-554: The Moulin Rouge helped the Civil Rights Movement in Las Vegas. Many of those who enjoyed and were employed by the hotel became activists and supporters. The hotel was also the spark needed to bring an end to segregation on the Strip. Bob Bailey, the former emcee at the Moulin Rouge, and his wife Anna, a dancer in the show, became friends with local civil rights leaders, including Drs. Charles West and James McMillan,

3564-545: The Moulin Rouge sold again for $ 12.1 million to the Moulin Rouge Development Corporation. The stylized "Moulin Rouge" neon marquee sign was turned back on. A $ 200 million renovation of the site was announced but was never completed; the site was rezoned to allow two onsite towers with 1,727 hotel rooms and a 72,596 sq ft (6,744.4 m) casino, along with space for a restaurant/bar, offices, retail, meeting spaces, performing arts, and

3663-1052: The Moulin Rouge underwent renovation and improvement under the direction of Édouard Niermans , a prominent architect of the Belle Époque era, amongst other works he designed the brasserie Mollard, the Casino de Paris , the Folies Bergère in Paris, the Palace Hôtel in Ostend in Belgium, the rebuilding of the Hôtel du Palais in Biarritz, and the creation of the Hotel Negresco on the Promenade des Anglais in Nice. This included

3762-560: The Moulin Rouge was highlighted in the German Occupation Guide as a must-visit attraction in Paris. Its stage shows continued for the occupation troops and were mentioned in autobiographies of German officers such as Ernst Jünger and Gerhard Heller. The Germans facilitated "recreational visits" in Paris for their troops, promoting the motto "Jeder einmal in Paris" (everyone once in Paris). The widespread prostitution during

3861-456: The Moulin Rouge. In February 1988, despite the original building's destruction in 1915, the Moulin Rouge celebrated its centenary with the premiere of the revue "Formidable," a prestigious event attended by Prince Edward . Subsequent events included performances in London and gala celebrations featuring an array of luminaries, including Charles Aznavour, Ella Fitzgerald , and Jerry Lewis . Over

3960-585: The NPS history programs affiliated with both the U.S. National Park system and the National Register were categorized formally into two "Assistant Directorates". Established were the Assistant Directorate for Archeology and Historic Preservation and the Assistant Directorate for Park Historic Preservation. From 1978 until 1981, the main agency for the National Register was the Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service (HCRS) of

4059-643: The National Park Service, including National Historic Sites (NHS), National Historical Parks , National Military Parks /Battlefields, National Memorials and some National Monuments . There are also 35 listed sites in the three island countries with a Compact of Free Association with the United States, as well as one site in Morocco, the American Legation in Tangier . Listing in the National Register does not restrict private property owners from

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4158-448: The National Register criteria are based, do specify exclusions, along with corresponding "exceptions to the exclusions", which are supposed to apply more narrowly. A multiple property submission (MPS) is a thematic group listing of the National Register of Historic Places that consists of related properties that share a common theme and can be submitted as a group. Multiple property submissions must satisfy certain basic criteria for

4257-686: The National Register program mandated by the 1966 law. Ernest Connally was the Office's first director. Within OAHP new divisions were created to deal with the National Register. The division administered several existing programs, including the Historic Sites Survey and the Historic American Buildings Survey , as well as the new National Register and Historic Preservation Fund . The first official Keeper of

4356-569: The National Register when they become administered by the National Park Service. These include National Historic Landmarks (NHL), National Historic Sites (NHS), National Historical Parks , National Military Parks , National Memorials , and some National Monuments . On October 15, 1966, the Historic Preservation Act created the National Register of Historic Places and the corresponding State Historic Preservation Offices (SHPO). The National Register initially consisted of

4455-605: The National Register, 95,000 are listed individually. The remainder are contributing resources within historic districts . For most of its history, the National Register has been administered by the National Park Service (NPS), an agency within the United States Department of the Interior . Its goals are to help property owners and interest groups, such as the National Trust for Historic Preservation , and coordinate, identify and protect historic sites in

4554-601: The National Register, a total of 75,000 separate properties. Of the more than one and a half million properties on the National Register, 95,000 are listed individually. Others are listed as contributing members within historic districts . It is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States Government that special effort should be made to preserve the natural beauty of the countryside and public park and recreation lands, wildlife and waterfowl refuges, and historic sites. Any individual can prepare

4653-530: The National Register, are distinguished in the traditional sense. Examples include a house, barn, hotel, church, or similar construction. They are created primarily to shelter human activity. The term building, as in outbuilding, can be used to refer to historically and functionally related units, such as a courthouse and a jail or a barn and a house. Structures differ from buildings in that they are functional constructions meant to be used for purposes other than sheltering human activity. Examples include an aircraft,

4752-460: The National Register. After the nomination is recommended for listing in the National Register by the SHPO, the nomination is sent to the National Park Service, which approves or denies the nomination. If approved, the property is entered officially by the Keeper of the National Register into the National Register of Historic Places. Property owners are notified of the nomination during the review by

4851-526: The National Register: religious properties (e.g., churches); buildings that have been moved; birthplaces or graves of important persons; cemeteries; reconstructed properties; commemorative properties (e.g., statues); and "properties that have achieved significance within the last fifty years". However, if they meet particular "Criteria Considerations" for their category in addition to the overall criteria, they are, in fact, eligible. Hence, despite

4950-548: The Register was William J. Murtagh , an architectural historian . During the Register's earliest years in the late 1960s and early 1970s, organization was lax and SHPOs were small, understaffed and underfunded. However, funds were still being supplied for the Historic Preservation Fund to provide matching grants-in-aid to listed property owners, first for house museums and institutional buildings, but later for commercial structures as well. In 1979,

5049-426: The Register, as well as those located in and contributing to the period of significance of National Register Historic Districts, became eligible for the federal tax benefits. Owners of income-producing properties listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places or of properties that are contributing resources within a National Register Historic District may be eligible for a 20% investment tax credit for

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5148-527: The SHPO and state's historic review commission. If an owner objects to a nomination of private property, or in the case of a historic district, a majority of owners, then the property cannot be listed in the National Register of Historic Places. For a property to be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, it must meet at least one of its four main criteria. Information about architectural styles , association with various aspects of social history and commerce and ownership are all integral parts of

5247-407: The United States. While National Register listings are mostly symbolic, their recognition of significance provides some financial incentive to owners of listed properties. Protection of the property is not guaranteed. During the nomination process, the property is evaluated in terms of the four criteria for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. The application of those criteria has been

5346-481: The addition of aperitif concerts, attracting the fashionable elite for dining and entertainment in a luxurious setting. Until the outbreak of the First World War , the Moulin Rouge became renowned for its operetta performances. Successful shows during this period included Voluptata, La Feuille de Vigne, Le Rêve d'Egypte, Tais-toi tu m'affoles, among others, each with evocative titles. On 3 January 1907, during

5445-413: The cabaret swiftly garnered significant acclaim. Key factors contributing to its success included: During its early years, the Moulin Rouge featured extravagant shows inspired by the circus, along with attractions that gained widespread fame, such as Pétomane . Concert-dances were organized daily at 10 pm. Between 1886 and 1910, the comic duo Footit and Chocolat, comprising a white authoritarian clown and

5544-466: The cabaret's windmill blades collapsed onto the street, resulting in damage to the facade. No injuries were reported. The windmill was restored on 5 July that year, in time for the Olympic torch relay that passed through the area on 15 July. The Moulin Rouge in Paris was a source of inspiration for: National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places ( NRHP )

5643-443: The champagne's on you!" In 1891, Toulouse-Lautrec created his first poster for the Moulin Rouge, featuring La Goulue . In 1893, the " Bal des Quat'z'Arts " sparked scandal with its procession featuring a nude Cleopatra surrounded by young naked women. On 12 November 1897, the Moulin Rouge closed for the first time to mourn the passing of its manager and co-founder, Charles Zidler. Yvette Guilbert paid homage to him, saying, "You have

5742-407: The city claimed was unstable, took nearly half a day of weakening to finally pull down. In February 2011, the red mosaic pillars still laid in the empty lot, and the unstable, fire hazard hotel wings still stood. In 2017, the receiver awarded Clark County the right to redevelop the Moulin Rouge site, but the county withdrew its bid after an outcry from neighborhood residents over the proposed reuse,

5841-464: The closed Moulin Rouge. This resulted in an agreement to desegregate all Strip casinos. Hank Greenspun , who would become the publisher of the Las Vegas Sun , mediated the agreement. Frey instituted a policy of charging Black patrons more for drinks than White patrons, for which his liquor license was revoked in 1960, 1961, and 1962. Ironically, with the ending of segregation in Las Vegas with

5940-468: The doors of the Moulin Rouge were padlocked and the casino was closed. According to Michael Green, professor of history at Southern Nevada university: “In the end I think four factors sank the Moulin Rouge: bad management, bad location, bad timing and bad luck.” By December 1955, the casino had filed for bankruptcy , which was granted the following March. Nevertheless, to maintain its gaming license,

6039-538: The effect of the undertaking". In cases where the ACHP determines federal action will have an "adverse effect" on historic properties, mitigation is sought. Typically, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) is created by which the involved parties agree to a particular plan. Many states have laws similar to Section 106. In contrast to conditions relating to a federally designated historic district, municipal ordinances governing local historic districts often restrict certain kinds of changes to properties. Thus, they may protect

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6138-480: The enlargement of the auditorium, installation of a giant aquarium, and the introduction of the first aquatic ballet. The Revue Cancan , devised by Doris Haug and Ruggero Angeletti, premiered the same year. Since 1963, following the success of the Frou-Frou revue, Jacki Clérico adopted a tradition of naming revues with titles beginning with the letter F. Throughout these productions, the famed French cancan remained

6237-481: The first Black doctor and dentist in Las Vegas, respectively. In 1960, under threat of a protest march down the Las Vegas Strip against racial discrimination by Las Vegas casinos, a meeting was hurriedly arranged by then-Governor Grant Sawyer between hotel owners, city and state officials, local Black leaders, and Dr. McMillan, then serving as president of the local NAACP . The meeting was held on March 26 at

6336-523: The forbidding language, these kinds of places are not actually excluded as a rule. For example, the Register lists thousands of churches. There is a misconception that there is a strict rule that a property must be at least 50 years old to be listed in the National Register of Historic Places. In reality, there is no hard rule. John H. Sprinkle Jr., deputy director of the Federal Preservation Institute, stated: [T]his "rule"

6435-401: The future. Thus, additions to an MPS can occur over time. The nomination of individual properties in an MPS is accomplished in the same manner as other nominations. The name of the "thematic group" denotes the historical theme of the properties. It is considered the "multiple property listing". Once an individual property or a group of properties is nominated and listed in the National Register,

6534-543: The group of properties to be included in the National Register. The process begins with the multiple property documentation form which acts as a cover document rather than the nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. The purpose of the documentation form is to establish the basis of eligibility for related properties. The information of the multiple property documentation form can be used to nominate and register related historic properties simultaneously, or to establish criteria for properties that may be nominated in

6633-462: The hotel, the casino, and a theater: a single-story casino/theater building was attached to a two-story vee-shaped hotel building to its west, enclosing a courtyard formed by the hotel building and the west wall of the casino/theater. The exterior had a 60 ft long (18 m) neon sign with the hotel's name in stylized cursive writing and murals depicting dancing and fancy cars. The marquee and roadside signs were designed by Betty Willis , creator of

6732-416: The hotels on the Strip. In addition, White performers, including George Burns , Jeanette MacDonald , Tallulah Bankhead , Judy Garland , Marlene Dietrich , Frankie Laine , Maurice Chevalier , Zsa Zsa Gabor , Jack Benny , Sophie Tucker and Frank Sinatra , would drop in after their shows to gamble and perform. Eventually management added a 2:30am "Third Show" to accommodate the crowds. In October 1955

6831-546: The iconic French cancan marked a revival at the Moulin Rouge. On 19 May 1953, the 25th "Bal des Petits Lits Blancs," organized by novelist Guy des Cars , attracted notable figures such as French President Vincent Auriol and featured Bing Crosby 's European stage debut. Between 1951 and 1960, the stage saw performances by renowned artists including Luis Mariano , Charles Trénet , and Josephine Baker . In 1955, Jo France transferred ownership to brothers Joseph and Louis Clérico, proprietors of Le Lido , with Jean Bauchet assuming

6930-568: The knack of creating popular pleasure, in the finest sense of the word, of entertaining crowds with subtlety, according to the status of those to be entertained." In 1900, the Universal Exhibition attracted visitors from around the world to the Moulin Rouge, solidifying Paris's reputation as a city of decadent pleasure. This led to the establishment of imitation "Moulin Rouges" and "Montmartres" in many other countries. In January 1903,

7029-480: The last fifty years, rural historic landscapes, traditional cultural properties and vessels and shipwrecks. Properties are not protected in any strict sense by the Federal listing. States and local zoning bodies may or may not choose to protect listed historic places. Indirect protection is possible, by state and local regulations on the development of National Register properties and by tax incentives. By contrast,

7128-584: The managerial role. The tradition of the French cancan continued, choreographed by Ruggero Angeletti. Doris Haug established the "Doris's Girls" troop in 1957, initially comprising four girls and later expanding to sixty. Transformations in 1959 included renovations to the Moulin Rouge's kitchens, while the introduction of The Revue Japonaise in 1960 showcased Japanese artists and popularized Kabuki in Montmartre. In 1962, Jacki Clérico , son of Joseph Clérico, assumed leadership, ushering in an era of expansion with

7227-835: The multiple property documentation form, combined with the individual National Register of Historic Places nomination forms, constitute a multiple property submission. Examples of MPS include the Lee County Multiple Property Submission , the Warehouses in Omaha , the Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia and the Illinois Carnegie Libraries . Before the term "Multiple Property Submission"

7326-744: The nine buildings included in the University of Connecticut Historic District in Storrs, Connecticut (listed in 1989, demolished in 2017), and the Terrell Jacobs Circus Winter Quarters in Peru, Indiana (listed in 2012, demolished in 2021). In France , designation of monument historique is similar to NRHP listing. In the French program, however, permanent restrictions are imposed upon designated monuments, for example requiring advance approval for any renovation of

7425-553: The nominating individual or group. After preliminary review, the SHPO sends each nomination to the state's historic review commission, which then recommends whether the State Historic Preservation Officer should send the nomination to the Keeper of the National Register . For any non-Federally owned property, only the State Historic Preservation Officer may officially nominate a property for inclusion in

7524-639: The nomination. Each nomination contains a narrative section that provides a detailed physical description of the property and justifies why it is significant historically with regard either to local, state, or national history. The four National Register of Historic Places criteria are the following: The criteria are applied differently for different types of properties; for instance, maritime properties have application guidelines different from those of buildings. The National Park Service names seven categories of properties that "are not usually considered for" and "ordinarily ... shall not be considered eligible for"

7623-403: The now-defunct Save America's Treasures grants, which apply specifically to properties entered in the Register with national significance or designated as National Historic Landmarks . The NHPA did not distinguish between properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places and those designated as National Historic Landmarks concerning qualification for tax incentives or grants. This

7722-564: The occupation eventually led to the implementation of the Loi Marthe Richard in 1946, which closed bordellos and reduced stage shows to dancing events. In 1944, shortly after the liberation of Paris , Edith Piaf , who had performed frequently at social gatherings for German forces during the war, returned to the stage at the Moulin Rouge. She was accompanied by Yves Montand , a newcomer chosen to perform with her. On 22 June 1951, Georges France, also known as Jo France, founder of

7821-584: The original hotel lobby building, but did not touch the remaining original exterior wall that held the script marquee. The signage had just been removed for storage at the Neon Museum boneyard. The property, which was in foreclosure at the time of the fire, had failed to sell at a foreclosure auction the day before. In June 2010, the Las Vegas Historic Preservation Commission approved permits for demolition of

7920-647: The performance of Le Rêve d'Egypte, Colette exchanged scandalous kisses that revealed her connection to the Duchess of Morny, leading to the show being banned. Mistinguett made her debut at the Moulin Rouge on 29 July 1907 in the Revue de la Femme, showcasing her undeniable talent. She quickly rose to fame, achieving immense success the following year with Max Dearly in La Valse chaloupée. Born into poverty, Mistinguett's sharp wit and determination propelled her to become

8019-465: The performances of stars such as Mistinguett, Jeanne Aubert , and Maurice Chevalier , as well as the introduction of American revues featuring the Hoffmann Girls. In 1923, composer and conductor Raphaël Beretta proposed a reconstruction of the Moulin Rouge's music hall on a larger scale. The iconic mill structure, supported by a central facade adorned with oval dormers, was designed by Gesmar,

8118-463: The preservation of income-producing historic properties. The National Park Service was given the responsibility to ensure that only rehabilitations that preserved the historic character of a building would qualify for federal tax incentives. A qualifying rehabilitation is one that the NPS deems consistent with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation. Properties and sites listed in

8217-792: The properties that were demolished or otherwise destroyed after their listing are the Jobbers Canyon Historic District in Omaha, Nebraska (listed in 1979, demolished in 1989), Pan-Pacific Auditorium in Los Angeles, California (listed in 1978, destroyed in a fire in 1989), Palace Amusements in Asbury Park, New Jersey (listed in 2000, demolished in 2004), The Balinese Room in Galveston, Texas (listed in 1997, destroyed by Hurricane Ike in 2008), seven of

8316-498: The property more than a National Register listing does. The Department of Transportation Act , passed on October 15, 1966, the same day as the National Historic Preservation Act, included provisions that addressed historic preservation. The DOT Act is much more general than Section 106 NHPA in that it refers to properties other than those listed in the Register. The more general language has allowed more properties and parklands to enjoy status as protected areas by this legislation,

8415-526: The public's tastes. The aim was to attract wealthy individuals to experience the ambiance of the fashionable district of Montmartre , which was perceived as a form of slumming. The elaborate setting, featuring a garden adorned with a large elephant, provided an environment where individuals from various social strata could interact. This included workers, local residents, artists, the middle class, businessmen, stylish women, and tourists passing through Paris. Nicknamed "The First Palace of Women" by Oller and Zidler,

8514-615: The rehabilitation of the historic structure. The rehabilitation may be of a commercial, industrial, or residential property, for rentals. The tax incentives program is operated by the Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives program, which is managed jointly by the National Park Service, individual State Historic Preservation Offices and the Internal Revenue Service . Some property owners may also qualify for grants, like

8613-480: The remains of the buildings, citing numerous concerns by the city about the safety of the structures. Instead of demolishing what was left of the hotel wings, which had seemed to catch fire every few years, the city instead demolished the stone exterior wall, pillar, and facade that held the marquee sign. Also destroyed was the landmark tower that stood over the West side and was a symbol to the residents. The tower, which

8712-686: The revue Lew Leslie's Blackbirds , featuring jazz singer and Broadway star Adelaide Hall , along with a troop of a hundred black artists accompanied by the Jazz Plantation Orchestra, became the hit of the season at the Moulin Rouge. In 1937, the Cotton Club , renowned in New York, was showcased at the Moulin Rouge, alongside performances by Ray Ventura and his Collegians. During the Second World War (1939–1945),

8811-408: The show. Mistinguett's tenure at the Moulin Rouge produced enduring songs such as "Valencia," "Ça c'est Paris" (both by Jose Padilla ), "Il m'a vue nue," "On m' suit," and "La Java de Doudoune," the latter performed with Jean Gabin . In 1929, Mistinguett retired from the stage, leading to the transformation of the Moulin Rouge's ballroom into an ultra-modern Night Club. From June to August 1929,

8910-413: The state of Colorado, for example, does not set any limits on owners of National Register properties. Until 1976, federal tax incentives were virtually non-existent for buildings on the National Register. Before 1976 the federal tax code favored new construction rather than the reuse of existing, sometimes historical, structures. In 1976, the tax code was altered to provide tax incentives that promote

9009-417: The state of Nevada to operate the hotel-casino in early May 1955, and the Moulin Rouge opened on May 24, 1955, on a 15 acres (6.1 ha) site. It was the first integrated hotel casino in the United States. The building was designed by local architects Walter Zick and Harris Sharp . When it opened, the Moulin Rouge was fully integrated top to bottom, from employees to patrons to entertainers. The hotel made

9108-769: The subject of criticism by academics of history and preservation, as well as the public and politicians. A property listed in the National Register, or located within a National Register Historic District , may qualify for tax incentives derived from the total value of expenses incurred in preserving the property. Properties can be nominated in a variety of forms, including individual properties, historic districts and multiple property submissions (MPS). The Register categorizes general listings into one of five types of properties: district, site, structure, building or object. National Register Historic Districts are defined geographical areas consisting of contributing and non-contributing properties. Some properties are added automatically to

9207-418: The use of their property. Some states and municipalities, however, may have laws that become effective when a property is listed in the National Register. If federal money or a federal permitting process is involved, Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 is invoked. Section 106 requires the federal agency involved to assess the effect of its actions on historic resources. Statutorily,

9306-624: The years afterward and the showroom was closed for 22 years. Other limited operations included the hotel building being used for a public housing apartment complex and souvenir retail. In 1992 the property was listed on the City of Las Vegas Historic Property Register and the National Register of Historic Places as a symbol of expanding Black civil rights and a monument of Las Vegas's past. Front-of-the-house Black workers (dancers, dealers, and waiters) failed to get hired at other casinos after

9405-621: The years, the Moulin Rouge continued to host charitable events, such as the Cartier gala in support of the Artists' Foundation against AIDS in 1994, and the Lancôme gala in 1995. The centenary revue "Formidable" concluded in November 1999, paving the way for the debut of the new revue "Féerie" in December 1999. In 2008, soloist dancer Aleksandar Josipović served as master of ceremonies at

9504-877: Was constructed of highly polished and expensive hardwoods. The Moulin Rouge in Paris was a primary source of inspiration. When the casino opened, Clarence Robinson produced the floor show which concluded with the "Tropi Can Can", inspired by the French Cancan. The original was created in the 19th century to the Moulin Rouge Paris. This inspiration comes from the first Afro-American star in France, Josephine Baker . Other references to Paris included: Moulin Rouge Moulin Rouge ( / ˌ m uː l æ̃ ˈ r uː ʒ / , French: [mulɛ̃ ʁuʒ] ; lit.   ' "Red Mill" ' )

9603-501: Was deliberate, as the authors of the act had learned from experience that distinguishing between categories of significance for such incentives caused the lowest category to become expendable. Essentially, this made the Landmarks a kind of "honor roll" of the most significant properties of the National Register of Historic Places. As of 1999, 982 properties have been removed from the Register, most often due to being destroyed. Among

9702-403: Was destroyed by fire during building works, resulting in a nine-year closure. In 1925, the rebuilt Moulin Rouge reopened its doors to the public. Following World War I, Francis Salabert assumed management of the Moulin Rouge. As a businessman rather than a showman, he entrusted Jacques-Charles, a prominent impresario, with revitalizing the cabaret. The Moulin Rouge experienced a resurgence with

9801-671: Was introduced in 1984, such listings were known as "Thematic Resources", such as the Operating Passenger Railroad Stations Thematic Resource , or "Multiple Resource Areas". A listing on the National Register of Historic Places is governmental acknowledgment of a historic district, site, building, or property. However, the Register is mostly "an honorary status with some federal financial incentives". The National Register of Historic Places automatically includes all National Historic Landmarks as well as all historic areas administered by

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