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90-655: The Brisbane Botanic Gardens (formerly the Mount Coot-tha Botanic Gardens and informally the Toowong Botanic Gardens ) are located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) from the Brisbane CBD at the foot of Brisbane's tallest mountain, Mount Coot-tha in the suburb of Mount Coot-tha, Queensland , Australia. The gardens receive around 1.4 million visitors a year. Entry to the gardens is free. The gardens, which were originally called

180-470: A chaji is called "doing temae ". There are many styles of temae , depending upon the school, occasion, season, setting, equipment, and countless other possible factors. The following is a short, general list of common types of temae . Chabako temae ( 茶箱手前 ) is so called because the equipment is removed from and then replaced into a special box known as a chabako ( 茶箱 , lit.   ' tea box ' ) . Chabako developed as

270-452: A convenient way to prepare the necessary equipment for making tea outdoors. The basic equipment contained in the chabako are the tea bowl, tea whisk (kept in a special container), tea scoop and tea caddy, and linen wiping cloth in a special container, as well as a container for little candy-like sweets. Many of the items are smaller than usual, to fit in the box. This gathering takes approximately 35–40 minutes. Hakobi temae ( 運び手前 )

360-427: A decorative wallet or tucked into the breast of the kimono . After the meal, there is a break called a nakadachi ( 中立ち ) during which the guests return to the waiting shelter until summoned again by the host, who uses the break to sweep the tea room, take down the scroll and replace it with a flower arrangement, open the tea room's shutters, and make preparations for serving the tea. Having been summoned back to

450-404: A little before the appointed time and enter an interior waiting room, where they store unneeded items such as coats, and put on fresh tabi socks. Ideally, the waiting room has a tatami floor and an alcove ( tokonoma ), in which is displayed a hanging scroll which may allude to the season, the theme of the chaji , or some other appropriate theme. The guests are served a cup of

540-709: A low ceiling, a hearth built into the floor, an alcove for hanging scrolls and placing other decorative objects, and separate entrances for host and guests. It also has an attached preparation area known as a mizuya . A 4.5-mat room is considered standard, but smaller and larger rooms are also used. Building materials and decorations are deliberately simple and rustic in wabi style tea rooms. Chashitsu can also refer to free-standing buildings for tea. Known in English as tea houses, such structures may contain several tea rooms of different sizes and styles, dressing and waiting rooms, and other amenities, and be surrounded by

630-530: A nugget in the same manner as the pu-er tea is today. This then would be ground in a mortar, and the resulting ground tea mixed together with various other herbs and flavourings. The custom of drinking tea, first for medicinal, and then largely for pleasurable reasons, was already widespread throughout China. In the early 9th century, Chinese author Lu Yu wrote The Classic of Tea , a treatise on tea focusing on its cultivation and preparation. Lu Yu's life had been heavily influenced by Buddhism, particularly

720-438: A person walks through the tea room chashitsu , and the different seating positions. The use of tatami flooring has influenced the development of tea. For instance, when walking on tatami it is customary to shuffle, to avoid causing disturbance. Shuffling forces one to slow down, to maintain erect posture, and to walk quietly, and helps one to maintain balance as the combination of tabi and tatami makes for

810-465: A slippery surface; it is also a function of wearing kimono, which restricts stride length. One must avoid walking on the joins between mats, one practical reason being that that would tend to damage the tatami . Therefore, tea students are taught to step over such joins when walking in the tea room. The placement of tatami in tea rooms differs slightly from the normal placement in regular Japanese-style rooms , and may also vary by season (where it

900-411: A table, or outdoors, using a thermos pot in place of the tetsubin and portable hearth. In the ryūrei ( 立礼 ) style, the tea is prepared with the host seated on a chair at a special table, and the guests also seated on chairs at tables. It is possible, therefore, for ryūrei -style temae to be conducted nearly anywhere, even outdoors. The name refers to the host's practice of performing

990-473: A tea garden called a roji . Seasonality and the changing of the seasons are considered important for enjoyment of tea and tea ceremony. Traditionally, tea practitioners divide the year into two main seasons: the sunken hearth ( 炉 , ro ) season, constituting the colder months (traditionally November to April), and the brazier ( 風炉 , furo ) season, constituting the warmer months (traditionally May to October). For each season, there are variations in

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1080-466: Is a relatively simple course of hospitality that includes wagashi (confections) , thin tea, and perhaps a light meal. A chaji is a much more formal gathering, usually including a full-course kaiseki meal followed by confections, thick tea, and thin tea. A chaji may last up to four hours. The first documented evidence of tea in Japan dates to the 9th century. It is found in an entry in

1170-426: Is a simple procedure for making usucha (thin tea). The tea bowl, tea whisk, tea scoop, chakin and tea caddy are placed on a tray , and the hot water is prepared in a kettle called a tetsubin , which is heated on a brazier. This is usually the first temae learned, and is the easiest to perform, requiring neither much specialized equipment nor a lot of time to complete. It may easily be done sitting at

1260-520: Is heated in a raised brazier. The weather determines the exact time to use the sunken hearth or brazier. During the time of year when the brazier does not provide enough heat to the room for the guests to be warm, but the hearth was too warm, the Chajin could cover the hearth with the lid, and put the brazier on top of it. The location of the hearth or brazier is the biggest change between seasons, however, there are many other changes that are made, such as

1350-407: Is home to several of Australia's tallest buildings . Brisbane's tallest buildings are Brisbane Skytower at 270 metres, The One at 264 metres, One William Street at 260 metres, Soleil at 243 metres, Aurora Tower at 207 metres, Riparian Plaza at 200 metres, One One One Eagle Street at 195 metres, and Infinity at 249 metres, which was completed in 2014. The Brisbane CBD

1440-491: Is in 1575. As the terms imply, koicha is a thick blend of matcha and hot water that requires about three times as much tea to the equivalent amount of water than usucha . To prepare usucha , matcha and hot water are whipped using the tea whisk ( 茶筅 , chasen ) , while koicha is kneaded with the whisk to smoothly blend the large amount of powdered tea with the water. The host serves thin tea to each guest in an individual bowl, while one bowl of thick tea

1530-842: Is laid out according to a grid pattern surveyed during the city's early colonial days, a feature typical of most Australian street patterns. Most central streets are named after members of the House of Hanover . Queen Street (named in honour of Queen Victoria ) is Brisbane's traditional main street and contains its largest pedestrian mall , the Queen Street Mall . Streets named after female members ( Adelaide , Alice , Ann , Charlotte , Elizabeth , Margaret , and Mary ) run parallel to Queen Street and perpendicular to streets named after male members ( Albert , Edward , George , and William ). The CBD's squares include King George Square , Post Office Square and ANZAC Square (home to

1620-446: Is limited to a few formal comments exchanged between the first guest and the host, in the usucha portion, after a similar ritual exchange, the guests may engage in casual conversation. After all the guests have taken tea, the host cleans the utensils in preparation for putting them away. The guest of honour will request that the host allow the guests to examine some of the utensils, and each guest in turn examines each item, including

1710-533: Is one of the major business hubs in Australia. The City contains many tall office buildings occupied by organisations, businesses and all three levels of government that have emerged into a number of precincts. The areas around the Queen Street Mall and Adelaide Street is primarily a retail precinct. A legal precinct exists around the various court buildings located around the intersections of George Street and Adelaide and Ann Streets. The government precinct

1800-478: Is over. A tea gathering can last up to four hours, depending on the type of occasion performed, the number of guests, and the types of meal and tea served. Every action in chadō – how a kettle is used, how a teacup is examined, how tea is scooped into a cup – is performed in a very specific way, and may be thought of as a procedure or technique. The procedures performed in chadō are known collectively as temae . The act of performing these procedures during

1890-412: Is possible to rearrange the mats). In a 4.5 mat room, the mats are placed in a circular pattern around a centre mat. Purpose-built tea rooms have a sunken hearth in the floor which is used in winter. A special tatami is used which has a cut-out section providing access to the hearth. In summer, the hearth is covered either with a small square of extra tatami , or, more commonly, the hearth tatami

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1980-430: Is shared among several guests. This style of sharing a bowl of koicha first appeared in historical documents in 1586, and is a method considered to have been invented by Sen no Rikyū. The most important part of a chaji is the preparation and drinking of koicha , which is followed by usucha . A chakai may involve only the preparation and serving of thin tea (and accompanying confections), representing

2070-500: Is so called because, except for the hot water kettle (and brazier if a sunken hearth is not being used), the essential items for the tea-making, including even the fresh water container, are carried into the tea room by the host as a part of the temae . In other temae , the water jar and perhaps other items, depending upon the style of temae , are placed in the tea room before the guests enter. Obon temae ( お盆手前 ) , bon temae ( 盆手前 ) , or bonryaku temae ( 盆略手前 )

2160-598: The Nihon Kōki having to do with the Buddhist monk Eichū ( 永忠 ) , who had brought some tea back to Japan on his return from Tang China . The entry states that Eichū personally prepared and served sencha (tea beverage made by steeping tea leaves in hot water) to Emperor Saga , who was on an excursion in Karasaki (in present Shiga Prefecture ) in 815. By imperial order in 816, tea plantations began to be cultivated in

2250-419: The roji to the tea house. They remove their footwear and enter the tea room through a small "crawling-in" door ( nijiri-guchi ), and proceed to view the items placed in the tokonoma and any tea equipment placed ready in the room, and are then seated seiza -style on the tatami in order of prestige. When the last guest has taken their place, they close the door with an audible sound to alert

2340-409: The temae performed and utensils and other equipment used. Ideally, the configuration of the tatami in a 4.5 mat room changes with the season as well. During the sunken hearth season, the Chajin opens the sunken hearth in the middle of the tea room. Water is heated using the sunken hearth. The sunken hearth is the only form of heat in the room during the winter. During the brazier season, water

2430-445: The 2021 census , Brisbane City had a population of 12,587 people. There are no schools in the central business district. The nearest government primary schools are Brisbane Central State School in neighbouring Spring Hill to the north and Petrie Terrace State School in neighbouring Petrie Terrace to the west. The nearest government secondary schools are Fortitude Valley State Secondary College in neighbouring Fortitude Valley to

2520-554: The Kinki region of Japan. However, the interest in tea in Japan faded after this. In China , tea had already been known, according to legend, for more than three thousand years (though the earliest archaeological evidence of tea-drinking dates to the 2nd century BCE). The form of tea popular in China in Eichū's time was dancha ( 団茶 , "cake tea" or "brick tea") – tea compressed into

2610-711: The Queen's Wharf megaproject is under construction along the southern end of William Street, which includes a pedestrian bridge crossing the Riverside Expressway . Like most other Australian capital cities, Brisbane has experienced dramatic rises in rental prices for residential and office space before the Great Recession . At the beginning of 2008, the Brisbane central business district contained 1.7 million square metres of office space. High demand in

2700-540: The "Brisbane CBD", "the city", or simply "town". The CBD is located on a point on the northern bank of the Brisbane River , historically known as Meanjin , Mianjin or Meeanjin in the local Yuggera dialect. The triangular-shaped peninsula is bounded by the median of the Brisbane River to the east, south and west. The point, known at its tip as Gardens Point , slopes upward to the north-west where

2790-561: The Brisbane River. It hosts an art gallery and operates Old Government House as a museum; both of these and other facilities are open to the public. A number of other universities have premises in the Brisbane CBD for events, networking, and short courses, but their major teaching and research facilities are not in the CBD. Up until 1964, a Brisbane City Council regulation limited building heights to 132 ft (40 m). Some of

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2880-472: The Brisbane congregation having previously met in a range of public buildings since forming in 1855. It was designed in the Early Italianate style and was built by Andrew Petrie . The church was 57 by 34 feet (17 by 10 m) and could accommodate 250 people. The cost was £2000 for the land and building, but part of the cost was covered by donations, e.g. Thomas Blacket Stephens partially donated

2970-676: The CBD include City Hall (including the Museum of Brisbane ), the Story Bridge , the Howard Smith Wharves , ANZAC Square , St John's Cathedral , the Brisbane River and its Riverwalk network, the City Botanic Gardens , Roma Street Parkland , Queensland Parliament House , Old Government House and Customs House . Brisbane has many heritage-listed sites, including: By road, four road bridges connect

3060-870: The CBD with the southern bank of the Brisbane River: the Captain Cook Bridge , the Victoria Bridge , the William Jolly Bridge and the Go Between Bridge . The Story Bridge connects Fortitude Valley with Kangaroo Point and provides access to the city from the southern bank. The Captain Cook Bridge connects the Pacific Motorway , south of the river, with the Riverside Expressway which runs along

3150-628: The Mount Coot-tha Botanic Gardens and which cover 52 hectares (130 acres), were established by the Brisbane City Council in 1970, and officially opened in 1976. The gardens are the second botanical gardens established in Brisbane. The original gardens, now known as the City Botanic Gardens are located in the Brisbane CBD at Gardens Point . The new gardens were developed by the City Council because

3240-851: The Pacific on 15 August 1995. The National Australia Remembers Freedom Wall in Brisbane Botanic Gardens Mt Coot-tha is a space meant for quiet contemplation and reflection on the Sacrifice of the Generation who fought for the "Freedom" we enjoy today. The wall is not a war memorial but a symbol to celebrate 50 years of freedom. There are 16,000 tribute plaques on the walls to remember loved ones or simply an expression of thanks. Foundation stone laid on 11 November 1995 and unveiled on 11 November 1996. Designed by one of Japan's leading traditional Japanese garden proponents

3330-598: The Victoria, William Jolly, Go Between and Story road bridges. The Kangaroo Point Green Bridge is being built between the CBD and Kangaroo Point. The Brisbane central business district is the central hub for all public transport services in Brisbane. Bus services are centred on the Queen Street bus station and King George Square busway station . Suburban train services pass through Central railway station , and Roma Street railway station . Roma Street also serves as

3420-588: The Zen– Chán Buddhist school. His ideas would have a strong influence in the development of the Japanese tea. Around the end of the 12th century, the style of tea preparation called tencha ( 点茶 ) , in which powdered matcha was placed into a bowl, hot water added, and the tea and hot water whipped together, was introduced to Japan by Buddhist monk Eisai on his return from China. He also took tea seeds back with him, which eventually produced tea that

3510-452: The best quality tea leaves used in preparing thick tea. Historically, the tea leaves used as packing material for the koicha leaves in the tea urn ( 茶壺 , chatsubo ) would be served as thin tea. Japanese historical documents about tea that differentiate between usucha and koicha first appear in the Tenmon era (1532–1555). The first documented appearance of the term koicha

3600-513: The best quality tea – that was grown in Kyoto , deriving from the seeds that Eisai brought from China. The next major period in Japanese history was the Muromachi period , pointing to the rise of Kitayama Culture ( ja:北山文化 , Kitayama bunka ) , centered around the cultural world of Ashikaga Yoshimitsu and his villa in the northern hills of Kyoto ( Kinkaku-ji ), and later during this period,

3690-546: The best-known – and still revered – historical figure in tea, followed his master Takeno Jōō 's concept of ichi-go ichi-e , a philosophy that each meeting should be treasured, for it can never be reproduced. His teachings perfected many newly developed forms in architecture and gardens , art , and the full development of the "way of tea". The principles he set forward – harmony ( 和 , wa ) , respect ( 敬 , kei ) , purity ( 清 , sei ) , and tranquility ( 寂 , jaku ) – are still central to tea. Sen no Rikyū

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3780-475: The central business district along the river bank. The Brisbane CBD has featured in a number of films, including: Sydney Melbourne Brisbane Adelaide Perth Hobart Darwin Canberra Japanese tea ceremony The English term " Teaism " was coined by Okakura Kakuzō to describe the unique worldview associated with Japanese tea ceremonies as opposed to focusing just on

3870-449: The ceremonial aspect . In the 1500s, Sen no Rikyū revolutionized Japanese tea culture, essentially perfecting what is now known as the Japanese tea ceremony and elevating it to the status of an art form. He redefined the rules of the tea house, tea garden, utensils, and procedures of the tea ceremony with his own interpretation, introduced a much smaller chashitsu (tea house) and rustic, distorted ceramic tea bowls specifically for

3960-586: The chair of the Japan Association for the Expo. A commemorative dedication plaque from Brisbane City Council and the Japan Association for the 1988 Leisure Exposition and a welcome gate with calligraphy on a dedication tablet above the gate by then Prime Minister of Japan Noboru Takeshita greets visitors to the Garden at the entrance to the Garden. The Japanese calligraphy is engraved in gold, dedicating

4050-647: The city is bounded by parkland and the inner city suburb of Spring Hill to the north. The CBD is bounded to the north-east by the suburb of Fortitude Valley . To the west the CBD is bounded by Milton , Petrie Terrace , and Kelvin Grove . In the 2021 census , the suburb of Brisbane City had a population of 12,587 people. The Brisbane central business district is an area of densely concentrated skyscrapers and other buildings, interspersed by several parks such as Roma Street Parklands , City Botanic Gardens and Wickham Park . It occupies an area of 1.367 km . The city

4140-582: The city's central war memorial ). The Brisbane central business district was built on a spur of the Taylor Range with the highest spot in the suburb being Wickham Terrace . North Quay is an area in the CBD that was a landing point during the first European exploration of the Brisbane River . Petrie Bight is a reach of the Brisbane River ( 27°27′49″S 153°02′06″E  /  27.4636°S 153.0351°E  / -27.4636; 153.0351  ( Petrie Bight ) ), which gives its name to

4230-460: The concepts of omotenashi , which revolves around hospitality . Murata Jukō is known in chanoyu history as an early developer of tea as a spiritual practice. He studied Zen under the monk Ikkyū , who revitalized Zen in the 15th century, and this is considered to have influenced his concept of chanoyu . By the 16th century, tea drinking had spread to all levels of society in Japan. Sen no Rikyū and his work Southern Record , perhaps

4320-598: The first and last bows while standing. In ryūrei there is usually an assistant who sits near the host and moves the host's seat out of the way as needed for standing or sitting. The assistant also serves the tea and sweets to the guests. This procedure originated in the Urasenke school, initially for serving non-Japanese guests who, it was thought, would be more comfortable sitting on chairs. The Japanese traditional floor mats, tatami , are used in various ways in tea offerings. Their placement, for example, determines how

4410-455: The first skyscrapers built in the CBD include the SGIO building (now Suncorp Plaza ) in 1970 and AMP Place in 1977. Other notable openings included Comalco Place (1984), Riverside Place (1986), the two towers of Central Plaza (1988 and 1989), and Waterfront Place (1990). In the last few decades the number of apartment buildings that have been constructed has increased substantially. Brisbane

4500-465: The garden is the stones which create the mountain. These stones of the waterfall suggest "endurance and the eternal passing of time". In 2005 a clump of bamboo flowered just outside the gates to the Japanese Garden. Bamboo flowering is very rare and many bamboo enthusiasts go their whole lives without ever witnessing such an event. As is often the case after bamboo flowers, this plant died and

4590-632: The gardens is free. Dogs are not permitted in the gardens. Located adjacent to the entrance of the gardens is the Sir Thomas Brisbane Planetarium , which incorporates the Cosmic Skydome. Sir Thomas Brisbane , in addition to being the Governor of New South Wales after whom the city of Brisbane was named, was also a renowned astronomer who catalogued the southern skies of Australia during his term. Also located at

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4680-548: The gardens is the Mount Coot-tha Library operated by Brisbane City Council . Unlike most public libraries in Brisbane which have general collections, this library holds a specialist collection about botany and astronomy and related topics, reflecting its location within the botanic garden and the Brisbane Planetarium also on the site. Australia celebrated the 50th anniversary of victory in

4770-482: The host, who enters the tea room and welcomes each guest, and then answers questions posed by the first guest about the scroll and other items. The chaji begins in the cool months with the laying of the charcoal fire which is used to heat the water. Following this, guests are served a meal in several courses accompanied by sake and followed by a small sweet ( wagashi ) eaten from special paper called kaishi ( 懐紙 ) , which each guest carries, often in

4860-481: The hot water, kombu tea, roasted barley tea, or sakurayu . When all the guests have arrived and finished their preparations, they proceed to the outdoor waiting bench in the roji , where they remain until summoned by the host. Following a silent bow between host and guests, the guests proceed in order to a tsukubai (stone basin) where they ritually purify themselves by washing their hands and rinsing their mouths with water, and then continue along

4950-400: The incense, utensils, and clothing worn. During the winter, a type of incense known as Neriko, a type of incense that is formed into pellets, is used. Jin or Byakudan are used in the summer, and during the end of spring or the beginning of autumn, the Chajin puts out Kokukobei or Umegako. Guests drink tea from a more cylindrical style of bowl in the winter to keep in heat, and use a flat bowl in

5040-417: The inner, or spiritual, experiences of human lives. Its original meaning indicated quiet or sober refinement, or subdued taste "characterized by humility, restraint, simplicity, naturalism, profundity, imperfection, and asymmetry" and "emphasizes simple, unadorned objects and architectural space, and celebrates the mellow beauty that time and care impart to materials." Sabi , on the other hand, represents

5130-527: The land. In 1881, the church was enlarged, but the need for further growth resulted in a decision to build a new church, the City Tabernacle in Wickham Terrace . The Wharf Street church was sold, holding its last service on 5 October 1890 with the tabernacle being dedicated on 9 October 1890. The building is no longer extant. On Tuesday 25 May 2021, a Baptist Historic plaque was placed at

5220-601: The late Kenzo Ogata (his last work), the garden is faithful to Japanese Garden design concepts, and uses Australian trees, native shrubs and flowers. The Japan Pond and Garden was re-located from the Japanese Government Pavilion at Brisbane's World Expo '88 , and was opened after the conclusion of the Expo on 6 February 1989 through the work of the Brisbane Lord Mayor Sallyanne Atkinson and Nichahiro Hanamura,

5310-414: The long history of chadō and are active today. Japanese tea ceremonies are typically conducted in specially constructed spaces or rooms designed for the purpose of tea ceremony. While a purpose-built tatami -floored room is considered the ideal venue, any place where the necessary implements for the making and serving of the tea can be set out and where the host can make the tea in the presence of

5400-409: The more casual portion, and the host will return to the tea room to bring in a smoking set ( タバコ盆 , tabako-bon ) and more confections, usually higashi , to accompany the thin tea, and possibly cushions for the guests' comfort. The host will then proceed with the preparation of an individual bowl of thin tea to be served to each guest. While in earlier portions of the gathering conversation

5490-412: The more essential components of tea ceremony are: Procedures vary from school to school, and with the time of year, time of day, venue, and other considerations. The noon tea gathering of one host and a maximum of five guests is considered the most formal chaji . The following is a general description of a noon chaji held in the cool weather season at a purpose-built tea house. The guests arrive

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5580-439: The more relaxed, finishing portion of a chaji . The equipment for tea ceremony is called chadōgu ( 茶道具 ) . A wide range of chadōgu is available and different styles and motifs are used for different events and in different seasons. All the tools for tea are handled with exquisite care, being scrupulously cleaned before and after each use and before storing, with some handled only with gloved hands. Some items, such as

5670-626: The name Your Church. The Brisbane City Library opened in 1965, moving into Brisbane Square in 2006. The city centre was damaged by the 2010-2011 floods . In the 2016 census , Brisbane City had a population of 9,460 people.The most common countries of birth other than Australia were China 16.0%, South Korea 8.3%, England 3.7%, Taiwan 3.2% and Brazil 2.8%. 43.7% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Mandarin 12.3%, Korean 7.7%, Cantonese 3.6%, Spanish 2.9% and Portuguese 2.7%. The most common responses for religion were No Religion 43.0% and Catholic 16.8%. In

5760-449: The name of the garden "yu-tsui-en". The theme of the garden 'tsuki-yama-chisen' or 'mountain-pond-stream' is reflected in the water feature of the garden. Another feature which is not to be forgotten is just as special as the previous; the stone 'tsukabai' or water bowl. It is more than 100 years old and is used to "provide running water needed in the purification ritual that occurs before the tea ceremony ". The most captivating feature of

5850-568: The north-east and Kelvin Grove State College in neighbouring Kelvin Grove to the north. Queensland University of Technology has its major campus at Gardens Point ( 27°28′36″S 153°01′41″E  /  27.4767°S 153.0281°E  / -27.4767; 153.0281  ( Queensland University of Technology (Gardens Point Campus) ) ), located between Parliament House , the City Botanic Gardens, and

5940-409: The office market had pushed vacancy rates in the Brisbane CBD to 0.7% by January 2008, the lowest in Australia. Premium grade office space was even less vacant with an occupancy rate of 99.9%. By the end of 2009 the situation had reversed. In mid 2013 the market for office space had declined to its worst position in two decades with a vacancy rate of just under 13%. Major landmarks and attractions in

6030-481: The original city site could not be expanded and was flood prone. The Mount Coot-tha Library at the gardens opened in 1975. In 2023, approval was granted for the introduction of a year-round light show in the gardens. Features of the Brisbane Botanic Gardens include: The gardens are open every day of the year between 8am to 6pm from September to March and 8am to 5pm April to August. Entry to

6120-401: The outer, or material side of life. Originally, it meant "worn", "weathered", or "decayed". Particularly among the nobility, understanding emptiness was considered the most effective means to spiritual awakening, while embracing imperfection was honoured as a reminder to cherish one's unpolished and unfinished nature – considered to be the first step to satori , or enlightenment. Central are

6210-486: The preference for wharves was due to the site being directly downstream from the central business district. Wharf Street Baptist Church opened at 38 Wharf Street (corner of Adelaide Street, 27°27′55″S 153°01′47″E  /  27.4652°S 153.0296°E  / -27.4652; 153.0296  ( Baptist Church (1859) ) ) on 6 February 1859. It was the first Baptist church to be built in Queensland,

6300-402: The preparation of the utensils is complete, the host prepares thick tea. Bows are exchanged between the host and the guest receiving the tea. The guest then bows to the second guest, and raises the bowl in a gesture of respect to the host. The guest rotates the bowl to avoid drinking from its front, takes a sip, and compliments the host on the tea. After taking a few sips, the guest wipes clean

6390-453: The regent ordered his teamaster to commit ritual suicide . The way of tea was never so closely intertwined with politics before or after. After the death of Rikyū, essentially three schools descended from him to continue the tradition. The way of tea continued to spread throughout the country and later developed not only from the court and samurai class, but also towards the townspeople. Many schools of Japanese tea ceremony have evolved through

6480-410: The rim of the bowl and passes it to the second guest. The procedure is repeated until all guests have taken tea from the same bowl; each guest then has an opportunity to admire the bowl before it is returned to the host, who then cleanses the equipment and leaves the tea room. The host then rekindles the fire and adds more charcoal. This signifies a change from the more formal portion of the gathering to

6570-491: The rise of Higashiyama culture , centered around the elegant cultural world of Ashikaga Yoshimasa and his retirement villa in the eastern hills of Kyoto ( Ginkaku-ji ). This period, approximately 1336 to 1573, saw the budding of what is generally regarded as Japanese traditional culture as it is known today. The use of Japanese tea developed as a "transformative practice" and began to evolve its own aesthetic, in particular that of wabi-sabi principles. Wabi represents

6660-417: The seated guest(s) can be used as a venue for tea. For instance, a tea gathering can be held picnic -style in the outdoors, known as nodate ( 野点 ) . For this occasion a red parasol called nodatekasa ( 野点傘 ) is used. A purpose-built room designed for the wabi style of tea is called a chashitsu , and is ideally 4.5- tatami in floor area. A purpose-built chashitsu typically has

6750-443: The secular world have been influenced by Shinto shrine architecture and the torii (shrine gate) . Much less commonly, Japanese tea practice uses leaf tea, primarily sencha , a practice known as senchadō ( 煎茶道 , 'the way of sencha') . Tea gatherings are classified as either an informal tea gathering ( chakai ( 茶会 , 'tea gathering') ) or a formal tea gathering ( chaji ( 茶事 , 'tea event') ). A chakai

6840-901: The site to commemorate the church. On 2 April 1860, the Queensland Government opened its first school, the Brisbane National School in Adelaide Street under headmaster John Rendall with an initial enrolment of 50 boys and 8 girls. A congregation of the Church of Christ was established on 23 September 1883 in the Brisbane central area. In the late 1890s the congregation purchased 430 Ann Street ( 27°27′46″S 153°01′49″E  /  27.4628°S 153.0302°E  / -27.4628; 153.0302  ( Your Church (Church of Christ) ) ) to establish their first church, still operating as at 2021 under

6930-419: The small pocket of land centred on the area under the Story Bridge 's northern point, around the Brisbane River to Admiralty Towers II . The location was originally known as Petrie Gardens and was an early settlement farm, one of two that provided food for the colony. The site was named after Andrew Petrie and has been the base for water police and in earlier times wharves. The location of Customs House and

7020-551: The south western edge of the city. Heading under and bypassing the CBD is the Clem Jones Tunnel . Because on-street car parking is in high demand, parking meters are installed across the inner city. By bicycle and foot, the Goodwill Bridge allows cross river access to South Bank. The Kurilpa Bridge allows cross river access from North Quay to South Brisbane. Cyclists and pedestrians may also cross while using

7110-431: The summer to release heat. Different designs are depicted on the tea bowl based on the season. During the summer, participants wear a kimono made up of one layer to ensure that it is not too hot. However, outside the summer, participants wear a double-layered kimono so they will be warmer. There are two main ways of preparing matcha for tea consumption: thick ( 濃茶 , koicha ) and thin ( 薄茶 , usucha ) , with

7200-405: The tea caddy and the tea scoop. (This examination is done to show respect and admiration for the host.) The items are treated with extreme care and reverence as they may be priceless, irreplaceable, handmade antiques , and guests often use a special brocaded cloth to handle them. The host then collects the utensils, and the guests leave the tea house. The host bows from the door, and the gathering

7290-510: The tea ceremony, and perfected the tea ceremony based on the aesthetic sense of wabi . Sen no Rikyū's great-grandchildren founded the Omotesenke , Urasenke , and Mushakōjisenke schools of tea ceremony, and the tea ceremony spread not only to daimyo (feudal lords) and the samurai class but also to the general public, leading to the establishment of various tea ceremony schools that continue to this day. Zen Buddhism

7380-441: The tea room by the sound of a bell or gong rung in prescribed ways, the guests again purify themselves and examine the items placed in the tea room. The host then enters, ritually cleanses each utensil – including the tea bowl, whisk, and tea scoop – in the presence of the guests in a precise order and using prescribed motions, and places them in an exact arrangement according to the particular temae procedure being performed. When

7470-423: The tea storage jar which has the name Chigusa , are so revered that, historically, they were given proper names like people, and were admired and documented by multiple diarists. The honorary title Senke Jusshoku  [ ja ] is given to the ten artisans that provide the utensils for the events held by the three primary iemoto Schools of Japanese tea known as the san-senke . Some of

7560-470: The terminus for long distance and country services. The central business district is served by various city ferries. Brisbane's CityCat high speed ferry service, popular with tourists and commuters, operates services along the Brisbane River between the University of Queensland and Northshore Hamilton, stopping at several CBD wharves. The Brisbane Riverwalk , a pedestrian and cyclist pathway adjoins

7650-465: Was a primary influence in the development of the culture of Japanese tea. Shinto has also greatly influenced the Japanese tea ceremony. For example, the practice of purifying one's hands and mouth before practicing the tea ceremony is influenced by the Shinto purification ritual of misogi . The architectural style of the chashitsu and the gate that serves as the boundary between the tea garden and

7740-504: Was an area centred on the Executive Building that includes many Queensland Government offices. 111 George Street , Mineral House , and Education House are also located here. 1 William Street was completed in 2016, now serving the role of the former Executive Building. The Executive Building and Neville Bonner building were demolished for the state's largest infrastructure project. An urban renewal project based around

7830-404: Was at its height. However, it was increasingly at odds with the rustic and simple aesthetics continuously advertised by his tea master, which the regent increasingly saw as a threat to cementing his own power and position, and their once close relationship began to suffer. In 1590, one of the leading disciples of Rikyu, Yamanoue Sōji , was brutally executed on orders of the regent. One year later

7920-493: Was considered to be the most superb quality in all of Japan. This powdered green tea was first used in religious rituals in Buddhist monasteries . By the 13th century, when the Kamakura shogunate ruled the nation and tea and the luxuries associated with it became a kind of status symbol among the warrior class , there arose tōcha ( 闘茶 , "tea tasting") parties wherein contestants could win extravagant prizes for guessing

8010-467: Was replaced with another specimen. An annual Japan Cultural Festival is held at the Garden in August, featuring Japanese tea ceremony , Japanese calligraphy and ikebana flower displays. Brisbane central business district Brisbane City is the central suburb and central business district of Brisbane , the state capital of Queensland , Australia. It is also colloquially referred to as

8100-592: Was the leading teamaster of the regent Toyotomi Hideyoshi , who greatly supported him in codifying and spreading the way of tea, also as a means of solidifying his own political power. Hideyoshi's tastes were influenced by his teamaster, but nevertheless he also had his own ideas to cement his power such as constructing the Golden Tea Room and hosting the Grand Kitano Tea Ceremony in 1587. The symbiotic relationship between politics and tea

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