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75-632: The seaward parts of the Mountaineer Range were first viewed by James Clark Ross in 1841, and subsequently by several British and later American expeditions. The precise mapping of its overall features was accomplished from United States Navy air photographs and surveys by New Zealand and American parties in the 1950s and 1960s. The range was named by the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1958–59, in keeping with

150-429: A Northwest Passage in 1818 aboard Isabella . Between 1819 and 1827 Ross took part in four Arctic expeditions under William Edward Parry , taking particular interest in magnetism and natural history. This was also where he served as midshipman with Francis Crozier , who would later become his close friend and second-in-command. From 1829 to 1833 Ross again served under his uncle on John's second Arctic voyage. It

225-593: A federal survey agency, in part to inventory the vast lands added to the United States by the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and the Mexican–American War in 1848. The USGS was authorized on March 3 in a last-minute amendment to an unrelated bill that charged the new agency with the "classification of the public lands, and examination of the geological structure, mineral resources, and products of

300-649: A further permanent station with the help of governor John Franklin before waiting for summer. Ross crossed the Antarctic Circle on 1 January 1841. Shortly after, he discovered the Ross Sea and Victoria Land , charting 900 km (560 mi) of new coastline, reaching Possession Island on 12 January and Franklin Island on 27 January (which Ross named after John Franklin ). He then reached Ross Island , later named after him by Robert F. Scott , with

375-449: A lack of accuracy and detail in comparison to older generation maps based on aerial photo surveys and field checks. As the digital databases were not designed for producing general-purpose maps, data integration can be a problem when retrieved from sources with different resolutions and collection dates. Human-made features once recorded by direct field observation are not in any public domain national database and are frequently omitted from

450-677: A new way to view their entire digitized collection of over 178,000 maps from 1884 to 2006. The site is an interactive map of the United States that allows users to search or move around the map to find the USGS collection of maps for a specific area. Users may then view the maps in great detail and download them if desired. In 2008 the USGS abandoned traditional methods of surveying, revising, and updating topographic maps based on aerial photography and field checks. Today's U.S. Topo quadrangle (1:24,000) maps are mass-produced, using automated and semiautomated processes, with cartographic content supplied from

525-410: A non-metric scale virtually unique to the United States. Each of these maps covers an area bounded by two lines of latitude and two lines of longitude spaced 7.5 minutes apart. Nearly 57,000 individual maps in this series cover the 48 contiguous states , Hawaii , U.S. territories , and areas of Alaska near Anchorage , Fairbanks , and Prudhoe Bay . The area covered by each map varies with

600-846: A number of water-related programs, notably the National Streamflow Information Program and National Water-Quality Assessment Program. USGS Water data is publicly available from their National Water Information System database. The USGS also operates the National Wildlife Health Center , whose mission is "to serve the nation and its natural resources by providing sound science and technical support, and to disseminate information to promote science-based decisions affecting wildlife and ecosystem health. The NWHC provides information, technical assistance, research, education, and leadership on national and international wildlife health issues." It

675-684: A result, some have noted that the U.S. Topo maps currently fall short of traditional topographic map presentation standards achieved in maps drawn from 1945 to 1992. The Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility (HIF) has four sections within its organizational structure; the Field Services Section which includes the warehouse, repair shop, and Engineering Unit; the Testing Section which includes the Hydraulic Laboratory, testing chambers, and Water Quality Laboratory;

750-478: A towing tank, jet tank, pipe flow facility, and tilting flume. In addition, the HIF provides training and technical support for the equipment it stocks. The Engineering Group seeks out new technology and designs for instrumentation that can work more efficiently, be more accurate, and or be produced at a lower cost than existing instrumentation. HIF works directly with vendors to help them produce products that will meet

825-644: A variety of USGS Report Series that include preliminary results, maps, data, and final results. A complete catalog of all USGS publications is available from the USGS Publications Warehouse. In the mid-1800s, various states set up geological survey institutions; e.g., the Kentucky Geological Survey , established in 1854. In 1879, a report from the National Academy of Sciences prompted Congress to set up

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900-566: Is a lake with two islands, named after the ships Terror and Erebus . Ross remained an officer in the Royal Navy for the rest of his life and was subsequently promoted several times, his final rank being Rear-Admiral of the Red awarded in August 1861. Ross died at Aston Abbotts on 3 April 1862, five years after his wife. They are buried together in the parish churchyard of St. James

975-514: Is a partnership-driven program that teams scientific researchers with natural and cultural resource managers to help fish, wildlife, waters, and lands across the country adapt to climate change . The National CASC (NCASC), based at USGS headquarters in Reston, Virginia, serves as the national office for the CASC network, while eight regional CASCs made up of federal-university consortiums located across

1050-556: Is entitled 'One of James Ross's foxes'). United States Geological Survey The United States Geological Survey ( USGS ), founded as the Geological Survey , is an agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior whose work spans the disciplines of biology , geography , geology , and hydrology . The agency was founded on March 3, 1879, to study the landscape of the United States, its natural resources , and

1125-557: Is included within Antarctic Specially Protected Area 175 High Altitude Geothermal Sites of the Ross Sea Region. The base of the volcano outcrops on the almost vertical cliffs of Pilot Glacier . Fumaroles and geothermally heated ground occur within a single outcrop at the summit of Mount Rittmann in a minor caldera rim at approximately 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) above sea level. Mount Rittmann

1200-483: Is mapped at this scale in quadrangles measuring 1° by 1°. USGS topographic quadrangle maps are marked with grid lines and tics around the map collar which make it possible to identify locations on the map by several methods, including the graticule measurements of longitude and latitude, the township and section method within the Public Land Survey System , and cartesian coordinates in both

1275-529: Is the agency primarily responsible for surveillance of H5N1 avian influenza outbreaks in the United States. The USGS also runs 17 biological research centers in the United States, including the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center . The USGS is investigating collaboration with the social networking site Twitter to allow for more rapid construction of ShakeMaps. ShakeMaps are an interactive tool allowing users to visually observe

1350-683: The Mountaineer Range of Victoria Land, Antarctica. It surmounts Aviator Glacier to the west and the large cirque of Parker Glacier to the east. It was discovered in January 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross who named this peak for Thomas Spring Rice, 1st Baron Monteagle of Brandon , Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1835 to 1839. 73°34′S 165°24′E  /  73.567°S 165.400°E  / -73.567; 165.400 . A mountain 2,460 metres (8,070 ft) high surmounting

1425-845: The Antarctic , he led his his own expedition from 1839 to 1843. Ross was born in London, the son of George Ross and nephew of John Ross , under whom he entered the Royal Navy on 5 April 1812. Ross was an active participant in the Napoleonic Wars , being present at an action where HMS Briseis , commanded by his uncle, captured Le Petit Poucet (a French privateer) on 9 October 1812. Ross then served successively with his uncle on HMS Actaeon and HMS Driver . Ross participated in John's unsuccessful first Arctic voyage in search of

1500-719: The Antarctic Peninsula . The next winter, the expedition overwintered in the Falkland Islands before returning to survey the Antarctic Peninsula over the summer of 1842–1843. Ross attempted to penetrate south at about 55° W, and explored the eastern side of what is now known as James Ross Island , discovering and naming Snow Hill Island and Seymour Island . Ross reported that Admiralty Sound appeared to him to have been blocked by glaciers at its southern end. The expedition's main aim

1575-698: The Gair Glacier and Meander Glacier . The feature has at times been mistaken for Mount Murchison. Named by the northern party of NZGSAE, 1962-63, because of its prominent and lofty appearance. 73°04′S 166°11′E  /  73.067°S 166.183°E  / -73.067; 166.183 . A mountain 2,680 metres (8,790 ft) high along the north side of Gair Glacier 8.5 nautical miles (15.7 km; 9.8 mi) east of Mount Supernal. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Paul L. Montreuil, biologist at McMurdo Station, 1964-65. The western plateau of

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1650-599: The State Plane Coordinate System and the Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system . Other specialty maps have been produced by the USGS at a variety of scales. These include county maps, maps of special interest areas, such as the national parks , and areas of scientific interest. A number of Internet sites have made these maps available on the web for affordable commercial and professional use. Because works of

1725-634: The UCERF California earthquake forecast. As of 2005, the agency is working to create a National Volcano Early Warning System by improving the instrumentation monitoring the 169 volcanoes in U.S. territory and by establishing methods for measuring the relative threats posed at each site. The USGS also operates five volcano observatories throughout the nation: the Alaska Volcano Observatory in Anchorage, Alaska (on

1800-592: The United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by the United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Gary E. Noice, United States Navy, navigator with Squadron VX-6 at McMurdo Station, 1966. 73°22′S 164°56′E  /  73.367°S 164.933°E  / -73.367; 164.933 . A very steep bluff forming

1875-453: The United States Geological Survey . James Clark Ross Sir James Clark Ross DCL FRS FLS FRAS (15 April 1800 – 3 April 1862) was a British Royal Navy officer and explorer of both the northern and southern polar regions. In the Arctic , he participated in two expeditions led by his uncle, John Ross , and in four led by William Edward Parry : in

1950-654: The dip circle during the survey; anomalous results had been discovered by Ross in 1835 in Westbourne Green . In 1838, Ross completed magnetic observations at 12 different stations throughout Ireland. The survey was completed in 1838; some supplementary measurements by Robert Were Fox were also used. On 8 April 1839, Ross was given orders to command an expedition to Antarctica for the purposes of 'magnetic research and geographical discovery'. Between September 1839 and September 1843, Ross commanded HMS  Erebus on his own Antarctic expedition and charted much of

2025-570: The magnetic field at magnetic observatories and distributes magnetometer data in real time. The USGS collaborates with Canadian and Mexican government scientists, along with the Commission for Environmental Cooperation , to produce the North American Environmental Atlas , which is used to depict and track environmental issues for a continental perspective. The USGS operates the streamgaging network for

2100-787: The natural hazards that threaten it. The agency also makes maps of extraterrestrial planets and moons based on data from U.S. space probes . The sole scientific agency of the U.S. Department of the Interior, USGS is a fact-finding research organization with no regulatory responsibility. It is headquartered in Reston, Virginia , with major offices near Lakewood, Colorado ; at the Denver Federal Center ; and in NASA Ames Research Park in California. In 2009, it employed about 8,670 people. The current motto of

2175-442: The 15-minute series, was once used to map the contiguous 48 states at a scale of 1:62,500 for maps covering the continental United States, but was discontinued during the last quarter of the twentieth century. Each map was bounded by two parallels and two meridians spaced 15 minutes apart—the same area covered by four maps in the 7.5-minute series. The 15-minute series, at a scale of 1:63,360 (one inch representing one mile), remains

2250-439: The 30 x 60-minute quadrangle series. Each of these quadrangles covers the area contained within 32 maps in the 7.5-minute series. The 1:100,000 scale series is unusual in that it primarily employs the metric system . One centimeter on the map represents one kilometer of distance on the ground. Contour intervals , spot elevations, and horizontal distances are also specified in meters. The final regular quadrangle series produced by

2325-538: The Great. Ross, played by British actor Richard Sutton , is a secondary character in the 2018 AMC television series The Terror , portrayed in a fictionalised version of his 1848 search for Franklin's lost expedition , as well as in the 2007 Dan Simmons novel on which the series is based. Ross is also mentioned continually by Jules Verne in his novel The Adventures of Captain Hatteras (for example, chapter XXV

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2400-980: The Information Technology Section which includes computer support and the Drafting Unit; and the Administrative Section. The HIF was given national responsibility for the design, testing, evaluation, repair, calibration, warehousing, and distribution of hydrologic instrumentation. Distribution is accomplished by direct sales and through a rental program. The HIF supports data collection activities through centralized warehouse and laboratory facilities. The HIF warehouse provides hydrologic instruments, equipment, and supplies for USGS as well as Other Federal Agencies (OFA) and USGS Cooperators. The HIF also tests, evaluates, repairs, calibrates, and develops hydrologic equipment and instruments. The HIF Hydraulic Laboratory facilities include

2475-523: The National GIS Database. In the two years from June 2009 to May 2011, the USGS produced nearly 40,000 maps, more than 80 maps per work day. Only about two hours of interactive work are spent on each map, mostly on text placement and final inspection; there are essentially no field checks or field inspections to confirm map details. While much less expensive to compile and produce, the revised digital U.S. topo maps have been criticized for

2550-725: The U.S. Department of the Interior Unified Interior Regions: USGS operates and organizes within a number of specific science programs, facilities, and other organizational units: The Earthquake Hazards Program monitors earthquake activity worldwide. The National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC) in Golden, Colorado , on the campus of the Colorado School of Mines detects the location and magnitude of global earthquakes. The USGS also runs or supports several regional monitoring networks in

2625-473: The U.S. government are in the public domain , it is also possible to find many of these maps for free at various locations on the Internet. Georeferenced map images are available from the USGS as digital raster graphics (DRGs) in addition to digital data sets based on USGS maps, notably digital line graphs (DLGs) and digital elevation models (DEMs). In 2015, the USGS unveiled the topoView website,

2700-726: The U.S., U.S. Pacific Islands, and U.S. Caribbean deliver science that addresses resource management priorities of the states within their footprints. Since 1962, the Astrogeology Research Program has been involved in global, lunar , and planetary exploration and mapping . In collaboration with Stanford University , the USGS also operates the USGS-Stanford Ion Microprobe Laboratory, a world-class analytical facility for U-(Th)-Pb geochronology and trace element analyses of minerals and other earth materials. USGS operates

2775-933: The USGS Center for Coastal Geology) has three sites, one for the Atlantic Ocean (located in Woods Hole, Massachusetts ), one for the Pacific Ocean (located in Santa Cruz, California ) and one for the Gulf of Mexico (located on the University of South Florida's St. Petersburg campus). The goal of this department is to conduct research in geology, mapping, hydrology, biology, and related sciences; evaluate hazards associated with floods, droughts, hurricanes, subsidence, human activity, and climate change; map

2850-474: The USGS is the 1:250,000 scale topographic series. Each of these quadrangles in the conterminous United States measures 1 degree of latitude by 2 degrees of longitude. This series was produced by the U.S.  Army Map Service in the 1950s, prior to the maps in the larger-scale series, and consists of 489 sheets, each covering an area ranging from 8,218 square miles (21,285 km ) at 30° north to 6,222 square miles (16,115 km ) at 49° north. Hawaii

2925-520: The USGS to rely on donations of time by civilian volunteers in an attempt to update its 7.5-minute topographic map series, and USGS stated outright in 2000 that the program was to be phased out in favor of The National Map (not to be confused with the National Atlas of the United States produced by the Department of the Interior , one of whose bureaus is USGS). An older series of maps,

3000-569: The USGS, in use since August 1997, is "science for a changing world". The agency's previous slogan, adopted on its hundredth anniversary, was "Earth Science in the Public Service". Since 2012, the USGS science focus has been directed at topical "Mission Areas" that have continued to evolve. Further organizational structure includes headquarters functions, geographic regions, science and support programs, science centers, labs, and other facilities. The USGS regional organization aligns with

3075-494: The United States under the umbrella of the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS). The USGS informs authorities, emergency responders, the media, and the public, both domestic and worldwide, about significant earthquakes. It maintains long-term archives of earthquake data for scientific and engineering research. It also conducts and supports research on long-term seismic hazards . USGS has released

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3150-912: The United States, with over 7400 streamgages . Real-time streamflow data are available online. As part of the Water Resources Research Act of 1984, the State Water Resources Research Act Program created a Water Resources Research Institute (WRRI) in each state, along with Washington DC, Puerto Rico, the US Virgin Islands, and Guam. Together, these institutes make up the National Institutes for Water Resources (NIWR). The institutes focus on water-related issues through research, training and collaboration. The National and regional Climate Adaptation Science Centers (CASCs)

3225-714: The backgrounds of members of the 1957–58 and 1958–59 field parties who made a reconnaissance of the area, and also in association with the names "Aviator" and "Mariner". The Mountaineer Range lies to the south of the Victory Mountains and northeast of the Southern Cross Mountains . It is bounded by the Aviator Glacier which forms below the Half-ration Névé to the west, and flows south-southeast to Lady Newnes Bay . The bay forms

3300-1200: The campus of Alaska Pacific University ), the California Volcano Observatory in Menlo Park, California , the Cascades Volcano Observatory (covering volcanoes in Idaho , Oregon , and Washington ) in Vancouver, Washington , the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory in Hilo, Hawaii , and the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory (covering volcanoes in Arizona , Colorado , Montana , New Mexico , Utah , and Wyoming ) in Yellowstone National Park , Wyoming. The USGS Coastal and Marine Science Center (formerly

3375-683: The continent's coastline. Captain Francis Crozier was second-in-command of the expedition, commanding HMS  Terror , with senior lieutenant Archibald McMurdo . Support for the expedition had been arranged by Francis Beaufort , hydrographer of the Navy and a member of several scientific societies. On the expedition was gunner Thomas Abernethy and ship's surgeon Robert McCormick , as well as Joseph Dalton Hooker , who had been invited along as assistant ship's surgeon. Erebus and Terror were bomb vessels —an unusual type of warship named after

3450-422: The continental United States, though only for use by members of its defense forces). The next-smallest topographic series, in terms of scale, is the 1:100,000 series. These maps are bounded by two lines of longitude and two lines of latitude. However, in this series, the lines of latitude are spaced 30 minutes apart and the lines of longitude are spaced 60 minutes, which is the source of another name for these maps;

3525-420: The distribution and severity of Shaking resulting from Earthquakes. The USGS produces several national series of topographic maps which vary in scale and extent, with some wide gaps in coverage, notably the complete absence of 1:50,000 scale topographic maps or their equivalent. The largest (both in terms of scale and quantity) and best-known topographic series is the 7.5-minute, 1:24,000 scale, quadrangle ,

3600-576: The east wall of Aviator Glacier 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) north of Mount Monteagle. Mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by the United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Lieutenant Commander Richard C. Brabec, United States Navy, Hercules aircraft commander on United States Navy OpDFrz, 1966. 73°43′S 165°47′E  /  73.717°S 165.783°E  / -73.717; 165.783 . A mountain 2,100 metres (6,900 ft) high at

3675-1007: The eastern boundary of the range. To the north it is bound by the Hercules Névé and Mariner Glacier , which flows southeast to Lady Newnes Bay. Features of the eastern part include Bunker Bluff , Engberg Bluff , Index Point , Gauntlet Ridge , Spatulate Ridge , Apostrophe Island , Caliper Cove and Cape King . Download coordinates as: 73°25′S 166°37′E  /  73.417°S 166.617°E  / -73.417; 166.617 A mountainous, ice-covered ridge situated 5 miles (8.0 km) east of Mount Murchison. The ridge trends north–south for 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi). Mapped by USGS from surveys and U.S. Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Joseph E. Dessent, meteorologist at Hallett Station, 1961. 73°25′S 166°18′E  /  73.417°S 166.300°E  / -73.417; 166.300 . A very prominent mountain, 3,500 metres (11,500 ft) high, marking

3750-482: The high point on the rugged divide between Fitzgerald Glacier and Wylde Glacier }. Discovered in January 1841 by Sir James Clark Ross who named this feature for Sir Roderick Impey Murchison , then general secretary of the British Association. 73°27′S 165°30′E  /  73.450°S 165.500°E  / -73.450; 165.500 . A large active volcano predominantly buried in ice, with several peaks reaching an estimated 2,600 metres (8,500 ft), It

3825-488: The latitude of its represented location due to convergence of the meridians. At lower latitudes, near 30° north, a 7.5-minute quadrangle contains an area of about 64 square miles (166 km ). At 49° north latitude, 49 square miles (127 km ) are contained within a quadrangle of that size. As a unique non-metric map scale, the 1:24,000 scale naturally requires a separate and specialized romer scale for plotting map positions. In recent years, budget constraints have forced

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3900-423: The latter's summit, in the Mountaineer Range. Given this descriptive name by the northern party of NZGSAE, 1962-63. 73°10′S 164°36′E  /  73.167°S 164.600°E  / -73.167; 164.600 . A very large mountain 3,395 metres (11,138 ft) high which is an extinct volcano, situated at the northwest limit of Deception Plateau and just east of the head of Aviator Glacier. So named by

3975-477: The mission needs of the USGS. For instrument needs not currently met by a vendor, the Engineering Group designs, tests, and issues contracts to have HIF-designed equipment made. Sometimes HIF will patent a new design in the hope that instrument vendors will buy the rights and mass-produce the instrument at a lower cost to everyone. USGS researchers publish the results of their science in a variety of ways, including peer-reviewed scientific journals as well as in one of

4050-439: The mortar bombs they were designed to fire and constructed with extremely strong hulls, to withstand the recoil of the heavy weapons. The ships were selected for the Antarctic mission as being able to resist thick ice, as proved true in practice. En route to the Southern Ocean , Ross established magnetic measurement stations in Saint Helena , Cape Town , and Kerguelen before arriving in Hobart in early 1840 and establishing

4125-465: The newest generation digital topo maps, including windmills, mines and mineshafts, water tanks, fence lines, survey marks, parks, recreational trails, buildings, boundaries, pipelines, telephone lines, power transmission lines, and even railroads. Additionally, the digital map's use of existing software may not properly integrate different feature classes or prioritize and organize text in areas of crowded features, obscuring important geographic details. As

4200-893: The north side of the head of Oakley Glacier, 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) east-northeast of Mount Monteagle. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Lieutenant Dennis Casey, United States Navy Reserve, Catholic chaplain with the winter party at McMurdo Station, 1967. 73°40′S 165°58′E  /  73.667°S 165.967°E  / -73.667; 165.967 . A mountain 1,700 metres (5,600 ft) high located 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) northeast of Mount Casey. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN after Lieutenant Commander Jack O. Moriarty, United States Navy, air operations officer at McMurdo Station, winter party 1966. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of

4275-408: The northeast tip of Somerset Island where he was frozen in at Port Leopold . In the spring, he and Leopold McClintock explored the west coast of the island by sledge. He recognized Peel Sound but thought it too ice-choked for Franklin to have used it. In fact, Franklin had used it in 1846 when the extent of sea ice had been atypically low. The next summer he tried to reach Wellington Channel but

4350-451: The northern party of NZGSAE, 1962-63, because it "overlords" lesser peaks in the area. 73°15′S 164°50′E  /  73.250°S 164.833°E  / -73.250; 164.833  ( Deception Plateau ) . A high, ice-covered plateau, 11 nautical miles (20 km; 13 mi) long and 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) wide, which is bounded by Aviator Glacier , Pilot Glacier and Mount Overlord . Deception Plateau

4425-403: The northern party of the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1966-67, after the Cobham Outward Bound School, Anakiwa , New Zealand. 73°04′S 165°42′E  /  73.067°S 165.700°E  / -73.067; 165.700 . A large double summit mountain 3,655 metres (11,991 ft) high surmounting the southeast corner of Hercules Névé and the heads of

4500-469: The onshore and offshore geologic framework; assess mineral resources and develop techniques for their discovery; assess water resources and develop an understanding of the impact of human activities and natural phenomena on hydrologic systems; assess links between biodiversity, habitat condition, ecosystem processes and health; and develop new technologies for collection and interpretation of earth science data. The USGS National Geomagnetism Program monitors

4575-428: The primary topographic quadrangle for the state of Alaska (and only for that particular state). Nearly 3,000 maps cover 97% of the state. The United States remains virtually the only developed country in the world without a standardized civilian topographic map series in the standard 1:25,000 or 1:50,000 metric scales, making coordination difficult in border regions (the U.S. military does issue 1:50,000 scale topo maps of

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4650-493: The range is near the head of the Aviator Glacier to the west, where it flows round Navigator Nunatak . To the north are the Astronaut Glacier , and Hercules Névé . The Pilot Glacier flows past the southeast side of the plateau into the Aviator Glacier. 73°06′S 164°18′E  /  73.100°S 164.300°E  / -73.100; 164.300 . A small parasite cone on the northwest flank of Mount Overlord, 6.5 nautical miles (12.0 km; 7.5 mi) distant from

4725-456: The south end of Deception Plateau, overlooking the point where Pilot Glacier joins the larger Aviator Glacier. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Lieutenant Commander William E. Shockley, United States Navy, officer in charge of the Squadron VX-6 winter detachment at McMurdo Station, 1966. The southwest of the Mountaineer Range is a triangular block of mountains between Aviator Glacier to

4800-585: The south side of the head of Gair Glacier , standing 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) southeast of Mount Supernal. It was mapped by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) from surveys and United States Navy air photos in 1960–64. It was named by the United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) for Jean P. Whitcomb, radio scientist at McMurdo Station , 1965–66 and 1966–67. 73°14′S 165°54′E  /  73.233°S 165.900°E  / -73.233; 165.900 . A large, rounded mountain 2,180 metres (7,150 ft) high on

4875-509: The south side of upper Meander Glacier, 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) southeast of Hobbie Ridge. Mapped by USGS from surveys and United States Navy air photos, 1960-64. Named by US-ACAN for Urbain J. Kinet, biologist at McMurdo Station, 1965-66. 73°00′S 165°43′E  /  73.000°S 165.717°E  / -73.000; 165.717 . A small mountain 2,640 metres (8,660 ft) high situated 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) north of Mount Supernal. Named by

4950-448: The volcanoes Mount Erebus and Mount Terror , which were named for the expedition's vessels. They sailed for 250 nautical miles (460 km) along the edge of the low, flat-topped ice shelf they called variously the Barrier or the Great Ice Barrier, later named the Ross Ice Shelf in his honour. After being forced to overwinter in Tasmania , Ross returned to the Ross Sea in December 1841 before travelling east past Marie Byrd Land to

5025-678: The west, Aviator Glacier Tongue and Lady Newnes Bay to the south east and Icebreaker Glacier to the northeast. The Southern Cross Mountains are to the west and south. Features include Mount Monteagle, Cape Sibbald , the Parker Glacier and Andrus Point to the south, Mount Brabec, Finley Glacier , Dunn Glacier to the north, and Mount Casey, Mount Moriarty and Oakley Glacier to the east. 73°43′S 165°28′E  /  73.717°S 165.467°E  / -73.717; 165.467  ( Mount Monteagle ) . A high, sharp peak, 2,780 metres (9,120 ft) high, standing 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi) north of Cape Sibbald in

5100-409: Was blocked by ice and returned to England. Ultimately every member of Franklin's expedition perished. Ross married Ann Coulman in 1843. A blue plaque marks Ross's home in Eliot Place, Blackheath, London . His closest friend was Francis Crozier, with whom he sailed many times. He also lived in the ancient House of the Abbots of St. Albans in Buckinghamshire . In the gardens of the Abbey there

5175-511: Was during this trip that a small party led by James Ross (including Thomas Abernethy ) located the position of the north magnetic pole on 1 June 1831, on the Boothia Peninsula in the far north of Canada, and James Ross personally planted the British flag at the pole. It was on this trip, too, that Ross charted the Beaufort Islands, later renamed Clarence Islands by his uncle. Ross then served as supernumerary-commander of HMS Victory in Portsmouth for 12 months. On 28 October 1834 Ross

5250-521: Was identified as a volcano by the 4th Italian Antarctic Expedition in the 1988/89 field season, and named by them in 1991 for the volcanologist Alfred Rittmann (1893-1980). Features in the north of the range include Whitcomb Ridge, Hobbie Ridge to the west, Mount Kinet to the south, Mount Anakiwa, Mount Supernal and Mount Montreuil to the north. 73°7′S 166°0′E  /  73.117°S 166.000°E  / -73.117; 166.000  ( Whitcomb Ridge ) . A high, ice-covered ridge along

5325-524: Was probably crushed in the ice in December 1835. He returned to Hull in September 1836 with all his crew in good health. From 1835 to 1839, except for his voyage with Cove, he was one of the principal participants in the British Magnetic Survey, a magnetic survey of Great Britain , with Edward Sabine , John Phillips and Humphrey Lloyd . This also included some work on geomagnetic measurements in Ireland in 1834–1835, working with Sabine and Lloyd. In 1837, Ross assisted in T. C. Robinson's improvement of

5400-665: Was promoted to captain. In December 1835 he offered his services to the Admiralty to resupply 11  whaling ships which had become trapped in Baffin Bay . They accepted his offer, and he set sail in HMS Cove in January 1836. The crossing was difficult, and by the time he had reached the last known position of the whalers in June, all but one had managed to return home. Ross found no trace of this last vessel, William Torr , which

5475-579: Was sent on one of three expeditions to find John Franklin. Franklin's second in command was Ross's close friend Francis Crozier. The other expeditions sent to find Franklin were the Rae–Richardson Arctic expedition and the expedition aboard HMS Plover and HMS  Herald through the Bering Strait . He was given command of HMS  Enterprise , accompanied by HMS  Investigator . Because of heavy ice in Baffin Bay he only reached

5550-470: Was so named by the southern party of the New Zealand Geological Survey Antarctic Expedition (NZGSAE), 1966–67, because of its deceptively small appearance when viewed from a distance. 73°17′S 164°40′E  /  73.283°S 164.667°E  / -73.283; 164.667 . A mountain 2,780 metres (9,120 ft) high surmounting the southwest edge of Deception Plateau, 8 nautical miles (15 km; 9.2 mi) south of Mount Overlord. Mapped by

5625-670: Was to find the position of the south magnetic pole . While Ross failed to reach the pole, he was able to determine its location. The expedition also produced the first accurate magnetic maps of the Antarctic. Ross's ships arrived back in England on 4 September 1843. He was awarded the Grande Médaille d'Or des Explorations in 1843, knighted in 1844, and elected to the Royal Society in 1848. On 31 January 1848, Ross

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