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85-578: The event was first held in 1912, inspired by the traditional pentathlon held during the ancient Olympics, and designed to model skills needed by a soldier of that time. It has been a continuous part of the Summer Olympics since 1912, and a world championship has been held annually since 1949. The rules of the modern pentathlon have changed several times, especially in the past three decades. The event has been condensed from five days to one day and further down to two hours. The latest structure, as of

170-549: A mixed relay event. After much lobby work of the president of the German Modern Pentathlon Federation, Wilhelm Henze, women were for the first time admitted at the world championships in 1977, and at the official world championships in 1981. The Modern Pentathlon World Cup is an annual series of modern pentathlon competitions, with four events taking place in the regular season and the top 36 female and top 36 male athletes qualifying to compete in

255-698: A new tram was built from the Santos Dumont Airport to Rodoviária Novo Rio, due to open in April 2016. The Games required over 200 kilometers of security fencing. A 15,000 square meter warehouse in Barra da Tijuca was used to assemble and supply the furniture and fittings for the Olympic Village. The second warehouse of 90,000 square meters in Duque de Caxias, near the roads that provide access to

340-520: A percentage of the U.S. population, this would equate to nearly 45 million more people watching the Games". The UIPM also stated, "More than two-thirds (37%) of survey respondents said they would be more likely to watch the new-look Modern Pentathlon at the Olympic Games, and 46% of those cited enjoying ninja-style obstacle races as the reason, with 34% describing the reason for their answer: 'I think

425-583: A plan to maintain riding with rule changes to bring them in line with those of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports (FEI), and a focus on animal welfare . In May 2022, the UIPM announced it would hold an obstacle racing test event alongside the 2022 Modern Pentathlon World Cup final in Ankara , citing that it had received the most support out of the over 60 disciplines proposed,

510-597: A segment narrated by Fernanda Montenegro and Judi Dench with an appeal to environmental conservation and the prevention of global warming . The crowd in the stadium numbered 60,000 and the event was broadcast to an estimated global audience of three billion. The ceremony included the inaugural presentation of the Olympic Laurel , an honor bestowed by the IOC on those that have made "significant achievements in education, culture, development and peace through sport";

595-496: A set of sustainability criteria, such as being extracted without the use of mercury. The medals feature a wreath design on the front, and in keeping with tradition, the obverse features Nike , the Greek goddess of victory. A wooden carrying box accompanied each medal. Medalists were also awarded a trophy in the shape of the Games' emblem. In May 2017, an Associated Press article disclosed that over 100 athletes who had won medals at

680-566: A significant lead over Madrid, heading into the final round; the lead was held, and Rio de Janeiro was announced as host of the 2016 Summer Olympics. On 26 June 2011, it was reported on Around The Rings that Roderlei Generali, the COO of the Rio de Janeiro Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, resigned just one year after taking the job at ROOC. This came just five months after CCO Flávio Pestana quit for personal reasons. Pestana withdrew later during

765-440: A simple majority from the full IOC committee for approval rather than the two-thirds majority previously required. The 121st IOC Session decided to add rugby sevens and golf to the Rio 2016 Olympic programme. The tally for rugby was 81 in favor, with eight against, and golf was approved by 63 votes to 26. Neither of these two sports was new to the Summer Olympics; rugby last featured in 1924 , and golf in 1904 . In May 2012,

850-468: A single venue. This was planned for the 2016 Summer Olympics but held for the first time at the 2020 Summer Olympics . For the 2024 Summer Olympics , the format is further condensed into two hours. Further innovation and streamlining to maximise the sport's appeal, including changes to the fencing event, is planned for the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles . Modern pentathlon is also part of

935-436: A sporting movement with more audience and active participants”. Two months later, the decision to include the new-look Modern Pentathlon in the 2028 Summer Olympics was endorsed by the IOC. In 2021, modern pentathlon consistently had the least TV viewers of all Olympic sports, and also ranked at the bottom for internal Olympic measurements of social engagement. The Greek modern pentathlon coach said, "We are an Olympic sport that

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1020-783: Is a cluster of nine sporting venues in Barra da Tijuca , in the west zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The site was formerly occupied by the Autódromo Internacional Nelson Piquet , also known as the Jacarepaguá Formula One circuit. The nine venues within the Olympic Park were: As well as the Estádio Olímpico João Havelange and Maracanã and in Rio de Janeiro, football matches took place at five venues in

1105-419: Is a slight delay between the trigger pull and the laser firing, simulating the time it would take for a pellet to clear the muzzle. Air pistols with laser transmitters were introduced during the transitional period and are still in use. Purpose-built laser pistols are developed and commonly used since the middle of the 2010s. Laser pistols and targets have to be certified by the UIPM. Until the 2000 Olympics ,

1190-507: Is noted in parentheses. In April 2008, the IOC began accepting applications for two new sports to be introduced to the Olympic programme. Baseball and softball (which were both dropped in 2005), karate , squash , golf , roller sports , and rugby union all applied to be included on the programme. Formal presentations were made to the IOC executive board in June 2009. In August,

1275-428: Is on the edge... We're very, very low down, if not bottom, in a lot of ratings like ticket sales, viewership, and participation". Sports academic Jörg Krieger wrote in 2022 that the sport "suffered from a lack of participation in the sport, as well as [having] limited public interest". However, NBC reporter Stephanie de Lancey called the compressed 90-minute format used at the 2024 Olympics "fast and action-packed" and said

1360-432: Is perhaps the most unusual, compared to the modern athletics version. A long jumper used weights called halteres to propel himself farther out of standing, and his jump probably consisted of five separate leaps, more like the modern triple jump ; otherwise, distances of known jumps (which are often as far as 50 feet) would seem to be impossible. The javelin, like the discus, was thrown for length, but in addition there

1445-507: The Rhetoric , he made the following remark: "Beauty varies with each age. In a young man, it consists in possessing a body capable of enduring all efforts, either of the racecourse or of bodily strength, while he himself is pleasant to look upon and a sheer delight. This is why the athletes in the pentathlon are most beautiful, because they are naturally adapted for bodily exertion and for swiftness of foot" ( Rhetoric 1361b11). The long jump

1530-418: The 2012 Summer Olympics bids , which was awarded to London , United Kingdom. The commission made on-site inspections in the second quarter of 2009. They issued a comprehensive technical appraisal for IOC members on 2 September, one month before the elections. Many safeguards were put in place to prevent bidding cities from communicating with or directly influencing the 115 IOC members eligible to vote in

1615-439: The 2012 Summer Paralympics , and Renato Ciuchin was then appointed as COO. Events took place at eighteen existing venues, nine new venues constructed specifically for the Games, and seven temporary venues. For the events held in Rio de Janeiro, each event was held in one of four geographically segregated Olympic clusters– Barra , Copacabana , Deodoro , and Maracanã –as was done for the 2007 Pan American Games . Several of

1700-473: The 2024 Olympics , consists of separate events for fencing, swimming, and equestrian, points from which determine each athlete's starting time in the final event, the laser-run . Egypt has achieved consistent success across multiple age-group world championships, culminating in Ahmed El-Gendy winning the first Olympic gold medal by an African pentathlete at the 2024 Summer Olympics . Hungary has won

1785-486: The Brazilian Federal District . The relay ended in Rio de Janeiro on 5 August when the flame was used to light the Olympic cauldron during the opening ceremony . Unpaid volunteers performed a variety of tasks before and during the Games. A target of 50,000 volunteers was set as early as 2012. More than 240,000 applications were received when recruitment took place in 2014. The clothing worn by

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1870-683: The Games of the XXXI Olympiad ( Portuguese : Jogos da XXXI Olimpíada ) and officially branded as Rio 2016 , were an international multi-sport event held from 5 to 21 August 2016 in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil, with preliminary events in some sports beginning on 3 August. Rio de Janeiro was announced as the host city at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen , Denmark, on 2 October 2009. 11,238 athletes from 207 nations took part in

1955-570: The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) following a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) report into a doping program in the country. The IAAF announced that it would allow individual Russian athletes to apply for "exceptional eligibility" to participate in the Games as "neutral" athletes if it was independently verified that they had not engaged in doping nor in the Russian doping program. On 24 July 2016,

2040-630: The International Sailing Federation announced that windsurfing would be replaced by kitesurfing at the 2016 Olympics, but this decision was reversed in November. All 205 National Olympic Committees qualified at least one athlete. The first three nations to qualify athletes for the Games were Germany, Great Britain, and the Netherlands, who each qualified four athletes for the team dressage by winning medals in

2125-629: The United States overwhelmingly voting for a reformed version of equestrian sport . In October 2022, modern pentathlon's elected Athletes Committee launched a campaign entitled #OurFuture, highlighting the views of pentathletes in favour of the change. Athletes such as Olympic silver medallists Elodie Clouvel (France) and Ahmed Elgendy (Egypt) supported the transition when participating in a media conference at UIPM Headquarters in Monaco. They were joined by Athletes Committee representatives including

2210-630: The Youth Olympic Games since 2010. Modern pentathlon, despite its long Olympic history, has had to justify its inclusion in the modern Olympic Games several times. On February 11, 2013, in Lausanne, the IOC confirmed modern pentathlon once again as one of the 25 core sports of the Olympic program through to 2020. Nine years later, the IOC confirmed its place on the program for the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. Until 1948 there

2295-689: The medal table , winning the most gold medals (46) and the highest number of medals overall (121); the U.S. team also won its 1,000th Summer Olympic gold medal. Great Britain finished second and became the first country to increase its tally of medals in the Summer Olympiad immediately after being the host nation . China finished third. Host nation Brazil won seven gold medals and 19 total medals, its best result at any Olympics, finishing in thirteenth place. Bahrain , Fiji , Ivory Coast , Jordan , Kosovo , Puerto Rico , Singapore , Tajikistan , and Vietnam all won their first gold medals, as did

2380-424: The 1912 Games, made use of the long tradition of Swedish military multi-sports events to create the modern pentathlon. The name derives from the Greek péntathlon "contest of five [events]". The addition of modern to the name distinguishes it from the original pentathlon of the ancient Olympic Games , which consisted of the stadion foot race , wrestling , long jump , javelin , and discus . The location of

2465-583: The 2016 Games, including first-time entrants Kosovo , South Sudan , and the Refugee Olympic Team . With 306 sets of medals, the Games featured 28 Olympic sports , including rugby sevens and golf , which were added to the Olympic program in 2009. These sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city and at five separate venues in the Brazilian cities of São Paulo , Belo Horizonte , Salvador , Brasília , and Manaus . These were

2550-598: The IOC finalized plans for a specific Refugee Olympic Team (ROT) ; out of 43 refugee athletes deemed potentially eligible, 10 were chosen to form the team. Due to the suspension of the National Olympic Committee of Kuwait, participants from Kuwait were allowed to participate under the Olympic Flag as Independent Olympic Athletes. In November 2015, Russia was provisionally suspended from all international track and field athletic competitions by

2635-575: The IOC rejected the IAAF and WADA's recommendations to allow athletes to compete neutrally, stating that the Olympic Charter "does not foresee such 'neutral athletes'" and that it was each country's National Olympic Committee decision on which athletes would be competing. As a result, Russian athletes competed under the Russian flag, although they would compete under a neutral flag in the 2018 Winter Olympics following several developments concerning

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2720-567: The Modern Pentathlon needs to embrace change'." The article also indirectly referenced the popular TV show American Ninja Warrior . Іn August 2023, the connection between the Modern Pentathlon and Obstacle movements was solidified when UIPM signed a memorandum of understanding with the Federation Internationale de Sports d’Obstacles (FISO) designed to integrate FISO within UIPM, “with the shared aim of creating

2805-533: The Olympics in October, outside the IOC's sporting calendar, added with its problems while hosting the 2006 Asian Games , including deaths and illnesses involving athletes and volunteers. Others included lack of infrastructures, including beds for athletes and media reporters at that time. Nawal El Moutawakel of Morocco headed the 10-member Evaluation Commission, having also chaired the evaluation commission for

2890-575: The Rio Olympics reported that their medals were showing some damage, including black spots, flaking, or surface degrading. Rio officials offered to replace any defective medals and found problems with 6 to 7 percent of all those awarded. The Olympic flame was lit on 21 April 2016 at the Temple of Hera in Olympia , the traditional start of the Greek phase of the torch relay. The flame

2975-495: The World Cup Final. It was first held in 1999. Modern pentathlon has been the subject of numerous changes since its creation. In 2015 — and for the first time in the 2016 Summer Olympics — a system of an additional bonus round was added to épée fencing in international competitions. Before that, there was only the round-robin format. Until the 2000 Olympics, the distance for swimming was 300 metres; at that time it

3060-508: The broadest sense. It is not just about getting ads out there but it is about a targeted and very carefully planned campaign. The final voting was held in Copenhagen on 2 October 2009, with Madrid and Rio de Janeiro considered favorites to secure the Games. Chicago was eliminated after the first round of voting, and Tokyo after the second (The latter city would eventually be awarded the 2020 Summer Olympics in 2013). Rio de Janeiro took

3145-808: The cities of São Paulo , Belo Horizonte , and the more distant Salvador , Brasília and Manaus . Rio's historical downtown underwent an urban waterfront revitalization project known as Porto Maravilha , covering 5 km (1.9 sq mi) in area. The project aimed to redevelop the port area, increase the city center's attractiveness, and enhance Rio's competitive position in the global economy. The urban renovation involved 700 km (430 mi) of public networks for water supply, sanitation, drainage, electricity, gas and telecom; 4 km (2.5 mi) of tunnels; 70 km (43 mi) of roads; 650 km (250 sq mi) of sidewalks; 17 km (11 mi) of bike path; 15,000 trees; and three sanitation treatment plants. As part of this renovation,

3230-400: The competition took place over four or five days. In 1996 , a one-day format was adopted in a major shift towards the sport's more audience-friendly future. The switch to a one-day format was criticised for changing the steady character of modern pentathlon to a more fast-paced competition. To further enhance the experience for spectators, the UIPM proposed that all five events should be held in

3315-537: The deadline of 14 January 2008. On 4 June 2008, two months before the Beijing Olympics , four candidate cities were chosen for the shortlist: Chicago , Madrid , Rio de Janeiro , and Tokyo , which had already hosted the Summer Olympics in 1964 . Three cities— Baku , Doha , and Prague —failed to reach the candidature phase. Doha was not promoted, despite scoring higher than the selected candidate city Rio de Janeiro, because of their proposal to host

3400-548: The discus throw was performed from a raised podium rather than on a level field. It is uncertain how the winner was chosen. It was unlikely that a single competitor could triumph in all five of the events. One possibility is that the final event, wrestling, was used to rank a number of contestants who had qualified in the other four events, so that the victor of wrestling would be deemed the pentathlon champion. 2016 Summer Olympics The 2016 Summer Olympics ( Portuguese : Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016 ), officially

3485-431: The distance to 3.2 kilometres) each preceded by laser shooting at five targets in 50 seconds or less. This change was intended to restore some of the importance of the shooting skill felt to have been lost in the original 2009 combined event. After the 2020 Summer Olympics (postponed to 2021), the run was further modified to a new model of five 600 m laps. The laser-run has been criticized as altering too radically

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3570-538: The elections. For example, cities could not invite any IOC member to visit, nor could they send anything that could be construed as a gift. Nonetheless, bidding cities invested large sums in their PR and media programs to indirectly influence the IOC members by garnering domestic support and backing from sports media and general international media. Ultimately, you are communicating with just 115 people and each one has influencers and pressure groups but you are still speaking to no more than about 1,500 people, perhaps 5,000 in

3655-507: The equestrian discipline as part of the sport. The group stated, "A total of 74.18% chose the reformed version of equestrian, which puts horse welfare among the central themes, while concern over the cost and accessibility of the equestrian discipline is also acknowledged in the 16-point plan." Of those polled, Pentathlon United claimed that only athletes from the United Kingdom showed any support for an obstacle race, with athletes from

3740-416: The executive board initially gave its approval to rugby sevens —a seven-player version of rugby union—by a majority vote; baseball/softball, roller sports, and squash were removed from contention, leaving golf, karate, and rugby sevens in the running. A final vote was held on 9 October 2009, the closing day of the 121st IOC Session. At this session, a new voting system was in place: a sport now needed only

3825-482: The fencing ranking round – will all take place in the same venue within 90 minutes. The riding discipline attracted criticism during the 2020 Summer Olympics after multiple athletes in the women's event struggled to control their randomly-assigned horses. This culminated in the German team's coach, Kim Raisner , being removed from the event after striking a horse with her fist. Following the Games, in November 2021 it

3910-777: The first Olympic Games to be held in South America , as well as the first to be held in a Portuguese-speaking country , the first summer edition to be held entirely in the host country's winter season , the first since 1968 to be held in Latin America , and the first since 2000 to be held in the Southern Hemisphere . These were also the first Summer Olympics to take place under the International Olympic Committee (IOC) presidency of Thomas Bach . The United States topped

3995-417: The first Olympic Games was Olympia in 708 BCE. As the events of the ancient pentathlon were modelled on the skills of the ideal soldier to defend a fortification of that time, Coubertin created the contest to simulate the experience of a 19th-century cavalry soldier behind enemy lines: he must ride an unfamiliar horse, fight enemies with pistol and sword, swim, and run to return to his own soldiers. The event

4080-522: The group of Independent Olympic Athletes (from Kuwait ). The bidding process for the 2016 Summer Olympics was officially launched on 16 May 2007. The first step for each city was to submit an initial application to the International Olympic Committee by 13 September 2007, confirming their intention to bid. Completed official bid files containing answers to a 25-question IOC form were to be submitted by each city by

4165-573: The group's Chair, Yasser Hefny OLY (Egypt), Jamie Cooke (Great Britain) and Natalya Coyle OLY (Ireland), as well as former Pan American champion Tamara Vega (Mexico). In November 2022, the UIPM Congress voted 69–11 in favor of replacing riding with obstacle course racing; an associated motion established that the changes would take effect for junior competition in 2023. The 2023 and 2024 junior world championships duly took place with obstacle in place of equestrian. The new format's implementation at

4250-406: The implementation of certain Olympic protocols. To reduce emissions, the Olympic cauldron was designed to be smaller than previous iterations, using a kinetic sculpture to enhance its appearance in place of a larger body of flames. The bronze and silver medals, as well as the ribbons on all medals, were designed to incorporate recycled materials. The athletes were not presented with flowers during

4335-546: The infrastructure of the favelas to provide improved transport and access to utilities, upgrade Rio's sewer system to remediate the level of pollution in the Guanabara Bay , and plant 24 million seedlings to offset the expected carbon emissions of the Games. However, some of these projects met with delays or faced economic shortfalls, leading some critics to believe that Rio would not be able to accomplish them. The focus on environmental protection also influenced

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4420-484: The international sport with member federations in more than 130 countries. The format of the modern pentathlon has changed frequently through the sport's history. Described below is the format that was used in the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris: At the 2024 Olympics, the event was run twice for each gender. The first, the semifinals, determined which athletes could participate in the finals. The finals then determines

4505-438: The medal ceremonies, as had been the tradition at previous Olympics (although floral displays were still used as part of the staging of medal presentations). The organizers considered the practice to be wasteful because the flowers were often thrown away and "would struggle to survive in the tropical Brazilian climate" if kept. The podiums were designed using materials that could be recycled to make furniture. The Future Arena ,

4590-540: The medallists. However, the fencing ranking round was only run once and its results were used for both the semifinals and finals. Most sources state that the creator of the modern pentathlon was Baron Pierre de Coubertin , the founder of the modern Olympic Games . One alternative view is provided by researcher Sandra Heck, who concluded that Viktor Balck , the President of the Organizing Committee for

4675-504: The most Olympic gold medals after Michelle Gulyas became its second women’s Olympic champion at Paris 2024.   The initial program of the 2028 Olympics did not include modern pentathlon, but the 141st IOC Session in Mumbai, India, voted to approve the inclusion of the sport with its new format where obstacle racing replaces equestrian. Modern pentathlon's governing body, Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne (UIPM), administers

4760-439: The most expensive seats at the opening ceremony. About 3.8 million of these tickets were available for BRL 70 or less. As an aspect of its bid, Rio's organizing committee planned to focus on sustainability and environmental protection as a theme of the 2016 Games, going on to dub them a "Green Games for a Blue Planet". As legacy projects, organizers intended to introduce a wider array of public transport options, upgrade

4845-420: The nature of the skills required. The New York Times asked whether the name ought to be changed to "tetrathlon" given that two of the five disciplines had been combined into a single event. Laser-run has also become a sport in its own right with para athlete participation and world championships of its own. It is the summer equivalent of the biathlon winter sport, which involves skiing and shooting. Scoring

4930-419: The obstacle racing and modern pentathlon communities. Australian gymnast Olivia Vivian —a grand finalist of Australian Ninja Warrior —won the gold in the women's competition. On 9 July 2022, Pentathlon United shared a survey of 213 responses from 40 countries, claiming that 68.5% of the respondents were current athletes, that indicated more than 92% of current modern pentathlon participants wanted to preserve

5015-655: The pentathlon was generally ordered into three sections: the triagmos of the long jump ( Greek : ἅλμα, romanized : hálma), javelin throw ( Greek : ἀκόντιον, romanized : akóntion), and discus throw ( Greek : δίσκος, romanized : dískos), the stadion ( Greek : στάδιον, romanized : stádion) foot race, and wrestling ( Greek : πάλη, romanized : pále) as the final event. The first three events were generally not held as individual events, but rather as only part of pentathlon competitions. The wide variety of skills needed to compete led Aristotle to hold pentathletes in high esteem as physical specimens. In

5100-536: The race. The cauldron was originally expected to be lit by Brazilian footballer Pelé , but he declined to participate due to health problems. Following the opening ceremony, a public cauldron was lit in front of the Candelária Church by Jorge Gomes, a 14-year-old Brazilian athlete who had escaped from poverty to train as a runner. The 2016 Summer Olympic program featured 28 sports encompassing 306 events. The number of events in each of 42 discipline

5185-582: The replacement of show jumping for 2028 was "a way for the sport to evolve in the 21st century." A 2021 study by Quartz concluded that modern pentathlon (in the form that included equestrian) was the most expensive Olympic sport for entry-level costs. It found that to start modern pentathlon cost US$ 13,580 for equipment and facilities. Most other Olympic sports examined cost less than $ 500 to start in. [REDACTED] Media related to Modern pentathlon at Wikimedia Commons Ancient Olympic pentathlon The Ancient Olympic pentathlon ( Greek : πένταθλον )

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5270-401: The running distance was 4 kilometres. The running discipline was shortened to a 3 km cross-country run afterwards. In 2009, the running and shooting events were combined into three 1000 m laps with each preceded by laser shooting at five targets in 70 seconds or less. From the start of the 2013 season, the laser-run was changed to consist of four 800 m laps (increasing

5355-469: The senior level will be formalised after the 2024 Summer Olympics . On 22 June 2023, the UIPM shared a poll of 1,500 Americans by YouGov that they commissioned in support of their decision to replace riding with obstacle course racing, citing that the survey showed that "45% of Gen Z and 41% of Millennials more likely to watch the Olympics on television if it featured a ninja -style obstacle race...taken as

5440-400: The specialized athletes in a certain event, they were superior in overall development and were some of the most well balanced of all the athletes. Their training was often part of military service —each of the five events was thought to be useful in battle. The event was first held at the 18th Ancient Olympiad around 708 BC, and changed format a number of times. By the 77th Ancient Olympiad,

5525-462: The standing position from 10 metres distance at a stationary target. The format was that of the 10 metre air pistol competition: each competitor had 20 shots, with 40 seconds allowed for each shot. Beginning with the World Cup events in 2011, in a move designed to improve the safety and sustainability of the sport, laser pistols were used instead of pistols with actual projectiles. There

5610-432: The team event at the 2014 FEI World Equestrian Games . As host nation, Brazil received automatic entry for some sports including in all cycling disciplines and six places for weightlifting events. The 2016 Summer Olympics were the first Games in which Kosovo and South Sudan were eligible to participate. Bulgarian and Russian weightlifters were banned from Rio Olympics for numerous anti-doping violations. Kuwait

5695-432: The trophy was awarded to Kenyan athlete Kipchoge Keino . The Games were officially opened by the acting president of Brazil, Michel Temer . The Olympic cauldron was lit by long-distance runner Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima , the men's marathon bronze medalist at the 2004 Olympics , who had also received the IOC's Pierre de Coubertin medal for sportsmanship after being attacked by a spectator and losing his lead in

5780-636: The venue for the handball competitions, was designed as a temporary modular structure whose components could be reconstructed after the Games to build schools. However, as of November 2017, the arena was still standing due to lack of funds to dismantle it and no allocation of funds to do so in the 2018 budget. Portions of the opening ceremony were dedicated to the issue of climate change . The opening ceremony took place at Maracanã Stadium on 5 August 2016, directed by Fernando Meirelles , Daniela Thomas , and Andrucha Waddington . The ceremony highlighted aspects of Brazilian history and culture, and featured

5865-492: The venues were located at the Barra Cluster Olympic Park. Nearly half of the athletes could reach their venues in less than 10 minutes, and almost 75 per cent could do so in less than 25 minutes. Of the 34 competition venues, eight underwent some permanent works, seven were totally temporary and nine were constructed as permanent legacy venues. The largest venue at the Games in terms of seating capacity

5950-568: The venues, contained all the equipment needed for the sporting events. The medals were produced by the Casa da Moeda do Brasil (the Brazilian National Mint). The medal design was unveiled on 15 June 2016. They were designed to be environmentally friendly using recycled materials; the bronze and silver medals contained 30% recycled materials. The gold medals were produced using gold that had been mined and extracted according to

6035-843: The volunteers included yellow polo shirts and jackets, beige trousers, white socks, and green trainers, which they collected from the Uniform Distribution and Accreditation Centre. Volunteers also wore photo accreditation badges which were allocated to officials, athletes, family members, and media, allowing them to gain access to specific venues and buildings around the site. Many volunteers gave up their roles due to long working hours and insufficient free meals. The ticket prices were announced on 16 September 2014, all of which were sold in Brazilian reais (BRL). A total of 7.5 million tickets were to be sold in total, with ticket prices ranging from BRL 40 for many events to BRL 4,600 for

6120-478: Was a second section of it where they threw for accuracy. The javelin was a lighter, longer version of a war spear. The "ekebolon" was the event won by distance. The "stochastikon" was the event based on accuracy. The javelin throw used a leather strap, called an amentum , rather than having the athlete grip the shaft of the javelin itself. Competitors in the javelin and discus throws were allowed five throws each, and only their longest throw would count. The long jump

6205-491: Was also attempted five times. In the classical games, it was traditional for all of these events to be performed naked. In the discus throw the athlete must throw a solid bronze disc. They usually weighed around nine pounds, although varied in size. They took the longest distance out of five throws. The stadion was a sprint of approximately 200 yards (or about 180 metres), longer than the modern 100 metres sprint, but shorter than all other ancient running events. Wrestling

6290-562: Was an athletic contest at the Ancient Olympic Games , and other Panhellenic Games of Ancient Greece . The name derives from Greek , combining the words pente (five) and athlon (competition). Five events were contested over one day, starting with the stadion (a short foot race), followed by the javelin throw , discus throw and long jump (the order of these three events is still unclear), and ending with wrestling . While pentathletes were considered to be inferior to

6375-652: Was banned in October 2015 for the second time in five years over government interference in the country's Olympic committee. Kuwaiti athletes instead participated as "Independent Olympic Athletes". 11,238 athletes from 207 NOCs Due to the European migrant crisis and other reasons, the IOC allowed athletes to compete as Independent Olympians under the Olympic Flag . During the previous Summer Olympic Games , refugees were ineligible to compete because of their inability to represent their home NOCs. On 2 March 2016,

6460-402: Was changed to 200 metres. The distance of the cross-country riding event was reduced from 5 km to 4 km in 1972. For the 1988 Summer Olympics cross-country riding was changed to show jumping. From 1912 to 1988 regular pistols or later sport pistols were used for shooting. From 1989 until 2009, the shooting discipline involved firing a 4.5 mm ( .177 cal ) air pistol in

6545-448: Was first held at the 1912 Olympic Games and has been on the Olympic program continuously ever since. It was a male-only event until the 2000 Games , when an event for women was added. This enabled the sport to achieve gender parity 24 years before the Olympic Games managed this as a whole. A men's team event was added to the Olympic Games in 1952 , and was included in all Summer Olympics until its last appearance in 1992 . Originally,

6630-827: Was handed over to the Brazilian organisers in a ceremony at the Panathenaic Stadium in Athens on 27 April. A brief stop-off was made in Switzerland to visit the IOC headquarters and the Olympic Museum in Lausanne , as well as the United Nations Office at Geneva . The torch relay began its journey around Brazil on 3 May at the capital Brasília . The flame visited more than 300 Brazilian cities, including all 26 state capitals and

6715-424: Was met with criticism from various athletes and bodies, who considered riding to be integral to modern pentathlon. Some also accused the UIPM of hindering debate in favor of riding during the congress. More than 650 modern pentathletes signed a letter calling for the UIPM executive board to resign in November 2021. A group known as "Pentathlon United" called for the IOC to investigate the UIPM's governance, and proposed

6800-475: Was more cost-effective, would help make the event more attractive to a younger audience, and was "compatible with the DNA of modern pentathlon". The competition course was developed with input from World Obstacle and Japanese broadcaster TBS (producer of the sports competition series Sasuke , whose format has been widely exported under the title Ninja Warrior ), and the event featured a mix of athletes from both

6885-610: Was no official international federation for modern pentathlon, so an IOC committee was set up for the sport making use of the expertise of IOC members. The governing body, Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne (UIPM) was founded in 1948 in Sandhurst, England during the London 1948 Olympic Games. A world championship has been held every year since 1949. The competitions now include men and women's individual and team events together with relay events for men and women and, since 2010,

6970-427: Was originally done by a points-for-place system with the lowest score winning. Since the 1954 World Cup points tables are used for each of the five events and points are added for the final score. This scoring was first used in the 1956 Summer Olympics . The five disciplines were held on a single day — instead of four to six — from the 1996 Summer Olympics onwards. In the 2024 Olympics, all five disciplines – other than

7055-405: Was reported that the UIPM was opening consultations on the proposed replacement of riding with another discipline. The decision was ratified during the UIPM's Congress on 27 November 2021, with the changes intended to be implemented for the 2028 Summer Olympics . According to critics of the decision, the UIPM voted for the change without consulting athletes, claiming force majeure . The decision

7140-562: Was the 75,000-seat Maracanã Stadium , which served as the ceremonies venue and site of the football finals. The second largest stadium was the 60,000-seat Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos (formerly João Havelange during the Games), which hosted track and field events. The athletes' village was said to be the largest in Olympic history. Fittings included about 80,000 chairs, 70,000 tables, 29,000 mattresses, 60,000 clothes hangers, 6,000 television sets and 10,000 smartphones. The Barra Olympic Park

7225-503: Was the fifth and last event of the pentathlon. The victor had to wrestle his opponent to the ground. Unlike modern-day wrestling where the entire back must be grounded, any part of the back was sufficient. Wrestling was held in a sand pit at the Olympic Games outside the Temple of Zeus , while the other events were all held in the stadion (or stadium ) from which the name of the race was taken. The basic formats of wrestling and discus throwing were similar to their modern versions, though

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