50-570: Mogadouro ( European Portuguese: [muɣɐˈðoɾu] , Mirandese: [muɣɐˈðowɾʊ] ) is a municipality in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 9,542, in an area of 760.65 km. The history of Mogadouro is evident in the number of castros that dot the landscape of region from the neolithic period. In particular are the castros of Oleiros in Bemposta, Vilarinho, São Martinho do Peso, Figueirinha de Travanca, Bruçó and
100-473: A chapel to São Cristóvão, the saint protector, was located). It was after the 16th century that Mogadouro saw some growth. The Távora family, a noble house with influence and power in court, controlled the region, commanding the fort and guiding the town, generally contributing to the development of the lands within their domain. It was through the action of the Távoras that the local Santa Casa da Misericórdia
150-500: A municipality is named after its largest or historically most important town or city. Municipalities are typically much larger than the city or town after which they are named. Macedo de Cavaleiros Municipality Macedo de Cavaleiros ( European Portuguese pronunciation: [mɐˈseðu ðɨ kɐvɐˈlɐjɾuʃ] ) is a city and municipality in northeastern Portugal, in Bragança District . The population in 2011
200-408: A variety of simple rural dishes, many of which include cured meats and sausages ( presunto , alheira , bulhos (bone sausage), blood chouriço , linguiça , bochas , chabianos (sausage, flour, fat and semolina ), vilões , tabafeias and salpicão ), which are considered the kings of gastronomy in the region. On many plates there are the customary portion of
250-562: Is also strong. The Associação Cultural e Recreativa de Soutelo (in Soutelo)) has promoted much of the traditional products of wool and cotton, including quilts, towels, embroidery, sericulture , metal-smithing, basket-weaving, rural miniatures. A local artisan has also produced artefacts in clay, reproducing faithfully the traditional techniques employed in Mogadouro and Nordeste Transmontanan. The Nordeste Transmontanan gastronomy includes
300-577: Is boxed by the northeastern municipalities of Vimioso, Macedo de Cavaleiros, Alfândega da Fé, Torre de Moncorvo and Freixo de Espada à Cinta. It is separated from the Spanish province of Castilla y León, by the river-valley of the Douro River , whose margins are cut by v-shaped inclines. The territory of Mogadouro is naturally delimited by environment of the Rivers Douro and Sabor. A great part of
350-477: Is divided into two climatic regions: Terra Fria (English: Cold Lands ), to the north, an area of cold winters and hot dry summers; and the southern part of the municipality, referred to as Terra Quente ( Portuguese : Hot Lands ), between the Sabor River and the municipality of Mirandela , susceptible to lower winter temperatures and warm summers, commonly above 40 °C. The municipality consists of
400-468: Is essentially a rural area, supported by agriculture and animal by-products. In addition to the primary sector, Mogadouro supports a diverse industrial sector, with warehouses, shops and industries linked to agriculture. Along the Mirandês Plateau, cereal crops (in particular wheat) and forage allows the support of a large dairy industry. Mogadouro is one of the most productive milk suppliers in
450-734: Is limited to local handicrafts made from flax and wool , that includes the hand embroidery, quilts, rugs and towels. During the Reconquista era, it is known that Alfonso III of León effected many construction projects during his reign, that were more strategic then political: organizing a military line along the Douro with castles (to protect the holdings of the León while inducing incursions into Moorish lands, populating conquered territory and taking advantage of natural geography to defend his territory. After fortifying Zamora , around 893, he ordered
500-758: Is one of these remnants of this period (it was constructed during the reign of Septimius Severus in the 3rd century AD). Throughout the municipality area have been discovered many funerary stones and artefacts that attest the Romanization of these lands. Vestiges of the Visigothic era are rare, but include a paleo-Christian inscription that was discovered in São Martinho do Peso (now in the Abade de Baçal Museum in Bragança. Moorish influence in this region
550-475: Is situated in the northeast region of the Trás-os-Montes, within the district of Bragança , limited by the neighbouring administrations of Bragança , Vinhais , Mirandela , Alfândega da Fé , Mogadouro and Vimioso . It occupies the central part of the district, in a transitional zone between the distinctly different Terra Fria ( Cold Lands ) and Terra Quente ( Hot Lands ). The median altitude in
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#1732772279750600-589: Is the case with the Cimos de Mogadouro (usually around 900 m). Mogadouro is also the seat for the Parque Natural do Douro Internacional ( International Douro Natural Park ), a protected wilderness that includes primarily the slopes of the Douro valley, but also lands designated as bird sanctuaries for species of eagle (specifically the Bonelli and golden eagles ), the griffon and Egyptian vultures , and
650-448: Is typical; in short brush biomes, partridge and hare; and in the gardens and vegetable fields, rabbit is typical. This is an important economic benefit, not only attracting tourists, but hunting parties to the restaurants and residences in the region annually. During hunting season, many of the local hunting "lodges" are occupied with hunters and their associations, who travel into the region specifically for these species. Local artisanship
700-677: The Convent of São Francisco (today the Mogadouro Municipal Chamber) burned down in 1881 (and again later in 1927). After the extinction of the monastic orders, by the Liberal government, the Convent of São Francisco was appropriated to store public records and local administration. By the 19th century, few of the noble families were interested in their holdings in Mogadouro, nor did they do much to develop these lands. By
750-516: The Projecto Cultural initiative, based in Mogadouro. List of municipalities of Portugal This is a list of the municipalities of Portugal . Portugal is divided into 18 districts ( Portuguese : distritos ) and 2 autonomous regions ( regiões autónomas ), Azores and Madeira . The districts and autonomous regions are further subdivided into 308 municipalities of Portugal ( municípios or concelhos ). Usually,
800-518: The Quinta de Nogueira was well known as the second most important estate for the breeding and raising of horses, after the Quinta de Alter do Chão . During the stewardship of the Távoras (between the 15th and 18th century), the Quinta de Nogueira and Quinta Nova (which were contiguous) were an economic pole of the family. Hunting is another important part of the local economy: in forested areas wild boar
850-568: The Azibo Dam ), is a unique environment: the result of the construction of the Azibo Dam between 1980 and 1982, that has resulted in an area of 4,987 hectares (19.25 sq mi): a mixture of both human and natural habitats, that includes species of aquatic and migratory birds. The lake created by the construction of the dam provided conditions for nautical sports, in addition to the creation of two beaches, and later, support facilities for golf, pedestrian trails and bike paths. The municipality
900-546: The Chapel of Nossa Senhora do Caminho ( Caminho de Santigao ): to Azinhoso (an enormous enclosure existed near the Church of Azinhoso to provide shelter during the crossing), then over a medieval bridge that connected Penas Roias, Algoso, Vimioso to Bragança; the other road departed from the Church of Nossa Senhora do Caminho , to Santiago, then Algosinho (to another pilgrimage church), Ventoselo (where there still remains vestiges of
950-662: The Douro by boat in Barca de Alva, Quinta de Santiago, Freixo de Espada à Cinta, Mós, Fornos, Lagoaça, Bruçó, Mogadouro); the other from Moncorvo (Castelo Rodrigo, Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo, Almendra, Castelo Melhor, Vila Nova de Foz Côa, crossing the Douro by boat in Pocinho, Moncorvo, Vilariça, Adeganha, Parada, here crossing the Sabor in Santo Antão da Barca before reaching Mogadouro). The Caminho de Santiago forked in Mogadouro at
1000-474: The Douro is a zone of granite escarpments of large blocks, resulting in a relief that is shaped by schists interrupted by quartz rocks that form the mountains. In the southern part of this area, dominated by the Sabor basin, there are different layers of schists. The soils, and climatic characteristics, have resulted in a diversified coverage that change throughout the year. Average median altitudes reach 700 metres, above sea level, although there are exceptions, as
1050-540: The Matriz Church of Mogadouro, the Chapel of Nossa Senhora da Ascensão, in the heights of Serra da Castanheira and many others. But, by act of King Joseph I the Távoras lands were confiscated by the Marquess of Pombal, and members of the family executed after an attempted-assassination of the monarch . The annihilation of the family resulted in the loss of development impetus. The municipal archive, installed in
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#17327722797501100-751: The Mirandês veal (raised naturally in the pastures of the region and grilled over open flames), the marrã (pork, primarily bacon, grilled similarly), the sopa de xis (traditional made with blood), the cascas com bulho (dried green bean pods cooked with bulhos , bochas , fattened-pork meat and other embutidos ), sopas das segadas (codfish and garlic soup), cabritinho serrano (baby goat), cordeiro churro assado na brasa (lamb grilled over flame), and greens. Local cheeses (goat and sheep), honey, económicos , roscos , matrafões , folar da Páscoa , rosinhas (a traditional sweet from Bruçó), formigos and tantas round out
1150-467: The chapel to São Gonçalo , a patron saint of the travellers); through Variz, Castanheira, Valcerto, Algoso, Campo de Víboras and Vimioso; through Santiago (now Vila de Ala), an important crossroads between Peredo de Bemposta (through Algosinho, Ventoselo and Vila de Ala) and Bemposta (through Lamoso, Tó and Vila de Ala). Those who travelled from the southern part of the district would likely stop in Zava (where
1200-406: The climate of the region, built of granite or schist material, with verandas or balconies used to dry clothing, hang/dry onions and pumpkins/squash, or generalling conserve foodstuffs. The modernization of these traditional communities has ironically resulted in the destruction of Transmontan patrimony. Administratively, the municipality is divided into 21 civil parishes ( freguesias ): Mogadouro
1250-533: The confluence of the Douro (which almost represents the district of Bragança) was Romanized, as was all of Iberia. In the 5th century, when the first barbarians invaded from the Pyrenees , this region, which was part of the Roman province of Gallaecia , which was administered and judicially subordinate to the religious courts and chancellery of Asturias . The Roman process of assimilation accelerated after resistance
1300-399: The construction of castles along the line, repopulating them as he progressed. Toro and Simancas developed consequently from this policy. It is likely that the area of Mogadouro was settled as a strategic point along the line, resulting in the construction of the first fort. The regions name evolved from this settlement: Mógo means a implanted marker , considered a symbolic delineation of
1350-496: The end of the 20th century, only the poet-jurist José Francisco Trindade Coelho defended his land rights, and the region was abandoned by the central hierarchy of Lisbon. The Sabor line , a narrow gauge railway , served the community via the Mogadouro railway station between 1930 and 1988. The municipality of Mogadouro, situated in the Trás-os-Montes region of northeastern Portugal, in the traditional district of Bragança . It
1400-430: The following parishes: The tertiary sector represents 58% of the economic activity in this territory; secondary activities, localized mostly in the industrial zone of the city, represent 22% of the activities of the region. Similarly, agricultural production (21% of the workforce are farmers), is involved in cultivation and animal husbandry. The climatic conditions in the region, and the fertility of its soils has allowed
1450-664: The fundamentals of the Castle Pena Roia in the era of 1204 by Master General of the Templar Gualdim Pais] . The later Castle of Modagouro, from the same decade, was started prior to the establishment of the civic charter ( foral ) in 1272/73. During the Portuguese dynastic crisis (or Interregnum ) the noble classes supported the King of Castile, resulting in an eventual reprisal by Prince John (who elevated
1500-632: The hamlet of Azinhoso and parsed it from Mogadouro). Consequently, although its economic activity did not contract, the lack of royal patronage meant that Mogadouro remained stagnated until the 16th century. Mogadouro, historically, fell within the Caminhos de Santiago , a capillary of secondary roadways that extended throughout the Trás-os-Montes region leading pilgrims down Saint James Way . The principal road arrived in Mogadouro from Castelo Rodrigo, from two routes: from Freixo de Espada à Cinta (Castelo Rodrigo, Figueira de Castelo Rodrigo, Escalhão, crossing
1550-544: The lands of Bragança. Later the Visigoths and Arabs invaded, creating an uninhabited desert of the region, while concentrating their administration in the province of Zamora . The name Macedo de Cavaleiros came from a combination of concepts. The first from the Portuguese term for apple ( Portuguese : maçã ), since the region was acclaimed for its fertile lands and apple orchards ( Portuguese : macedos ). It
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1600-826: The more recently excavated castro in Vilariça, in the Serra da Castanheira. The Celts passed through this region, leaving behind its art and religion, the so-called Cultura aos Berrões . One of these Celtic tribes, the Zoelae , were responsible for settling many of the lands along the Douro , Sabor and Angueira Rivers . During the Roman period, the region is referred to in art, religion and socio-economic reports, indicating its regional importance. The Ara Romana to Deus Jupiter Depulsori (which still survives to this day in Saldanha),
1650-585: The municipality is between 600 and 700 metres, marked in the north by the Serra de Nogueira, in the centre by the Serra de Ala and Serra do Cubo, and in the south by the Serra de Bornes and the Monte de Morais. A vast part of the municipality (24.4%) is incorporated within the Natura 2000 initiative, with particular reference to the Morais Massif, considered the "umbigo do mundo" ( Portuguese : navel of
1700-434: The north. Mogadouro is also a land known for almond production. Principally, in the fields of Valverde, Meirinhos, São Pedro, Souto, Roca, Santo André and São Martinho do Peso, these lands are covered in flowering trees seasonally, used in harvesting of the legumes. In other periods, the horse culture was important in this region, not just in agriculture and transport, but also as a centre of equestrian training and breeding;
1750-452: The peculiar digestive and aperitifs of the region. Mogadouro is the central community, with a Preparatory ( Portuguese : Escola Preparatória ) and Secondary School ( Portuguese : Escola Secundária ) serving the large border frontier. Regional policies have allowed the advancement of local projects and initiatives and supported the active participation of its local citizens: there are 30 cultural and recreational associations coordinated by
1800-461: The pilgrimages, such as the roof painting in the Chapel of Nossa Senhor da Boa Morte ), on the way passing by a spring (where pilgrimages would satisfy their thirst), to another chapel to Santigao (now completely destroyed), Urrós, Sendim, and Miranda do Douro). There were several tributaries, shortcuts and dirt tracks on the pilgrim roadways, such as: through Azinhoso (where the faithful would rest in
1850-472: The rare black stork , in addition to the red-billed chough , the alpine swift and the black wheatear . During the months of April and May, the flowering trees highlight the landscapes of many of the parishes. Mountain perennials (such as rosemary , Cytisus striatus and heather ) are also common, although the Fagaceae (a species of beech ) and holly oak , cork oak and juniper (which grow along
1900-521: The return of Colonial troops/citizens ( Portuguese : Retornados ) that occurred during the middle of the 20th century. As a consequence, the town of Macedo de Cavaleiros was elevated to the status of city in 1999. Macedo de Cavaleiros was formerly served by the Tua line , a narrow gauge railway running between Bragança and Tua . The northern part of the line, including Macedo de Cavaleiros station, closed in 1991. The municipality of Macedo de Cavaleiros
1950-495: The separation or division of a territory, a term imported from common language at the time. The mógo do Douro ( mark on the Douro ), or Mogadouro, developed from this locational designation. The Castle of Penas Róias was constructed during the nation-building of Afonso Henriques . The stone of the cell-block tower is inscribed with a medieval statement: "Começaram os fundamentos do Castelo chamadao Pena Roia na era de 1204 sendo Mestre Geral dos Templários Gualdim Pais " [They began
2000-587: The slopes of the Douro and Sabor valleys) are the predominant species. Located in the southern part of the Mirandês Plateau, the region is influenced by three climatic systems: the Atlantic, the Continent and the Mediterranean. As a result, its agriculture is varied and its landscape is full of contrasts. In the winter, the climate is rigorously cold and icy, with snowfall common throughout the period. In
2050-478: The summer, it is susceptible to torrid heat, typical of continental climates, that supports a dry vegetation. The municipality of Mogadouro has, over the last decades, suffered an enormous depopulation, resulting in the concentration into the urbanized areas, and emigration to the coastal communities of Portugal. Like many of the Transmontana communities, Mogadouran hamlets built on traditional homes adapted to
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2100-573: The territory of the Mogadouro belongs to the Mirandês Plateau (which is an extension of the Iberian Meseta), lands rich fertile fields responsible for the cultivation of cereals (such as wheat, oats, and rye), supporting cattle and sheep herds (including the Mirandese and Terra Quente breeds). Two sheltered valleys, with micro-climates, support vineyards, olive, orange and almond orchards, as well as other Mediterranean products. The area around
2150-419: The world ), due to the number of rare plant species. The Morais Massif occupies approximately 12,878 hectares (49.72 sq mi); it is serpentine geomorphological space with important geological and biological qualities. The Morais ophiolite is an uplifted section of rock from the boundary between the earth's crust and mantle. The Paisagem Protegida da Albufeira do Azibo (English: Protected Landscape of
2200-732: Was 15,776, in an area of 699.14 km . During antiquity, the region was occupied by the Celts , then Romans and finally the Arab forces of the Umayyad Caliphate , who dominated the region until the Christian Reconquista . The Romans defeated the local hill tribes, and reorganized settlements in the region, influencing local culture and social administration. The territory east of the Tua River, from Mirandela until
2250-560: Was also associated with the knight ( Portuguese : cavaleiro ), Martim Gonçalves de Macedo, who saved John, the Master of Aviz during the Battle of Aljubarrota . During the battle on 14 August 1385, John was attacked by Álvaro Gonçalves de Sandoval, the Castilian striking down the nobleman. Macedo swiftly intervened, killing the assassin and saving the future King. King John recognized and
2300-524: Was defeated, and many of the ancient castros were destroyed or abandoned in favour of the organized settlements in the valleys. The barbarian invasions marked a multi-secular conflict in Iberia, and the land changed hands between rival groups regularly. The Suebi peoples, who came with the first invaders, founded their kingdom in the northwest part of the peninsula (from their capital in Braga), incorporating
2350-470: Was founded in 1559, and its local church. The bridges between Valverde and Meirinhos (in 1677), and the Remondes bridge, between Mogadouro and Macedo de Cavaleiros (in 1678) were also constructed with the patronage of the Távoras. In addition, the family supported the constructions of a few churches and altars in various municipalities throughout the 17th–18th century, including the Convent of São Francisco,
2400-618: Was grateful to the knight, whose family coat-of-arms after the Battle began to appear with a blue sash and a silver apple. During the Inquirições (English: Inquiries or inventory ) of King Afonso , in 1258, the territory of Macedo belonged to the knights Nuno Martins and Mendes Gonçalves. At the time it was a small settlement, relatively unimportant if compared to neighbouring Nozelo, Vale Prados, Cortiços, Sezulfe and Pinhovelo, which received their forals before Macedo de Cavaleiros. It
2450-419: Was only after the 14th century that references to Macedo dos Cavaleiros began to appear in official documents. Around 1722, King John V designated Macedo as a Quinta , equivalent to a small estate, indicating the size of this region. The municipality of Macedo de Cavaleiros was created in 1853, from the administrative remains of Chacim and Cortiços municipalities, and ten years later the settlement of Macedo
2500-453: Was proclaimed a vila (English: town ). To this time, the space were listed as royal lands, then established by John V for the House of Braganza . Growth during the 20th century has been the result of immigration, resulting from the expansion of raillines and interlinking of circulatory avenues in the northeast of Portugal. A boom in construction and expansion of services was the result of
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