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37-575: The first māʻitaki was Kaloafutonga around 1600, the last Longomāʻitaki around 1700. The system lasted only for 4 generations, as by then the power of the Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua had been eclipsed by the Tuʻi Kanokupolu , and the Tuʻi Tonga started to take his principal wife from the latter kāinga. They were called moheofo (meaning: to wake up (a lord)). Originally, however, the term was to indicate

74-677: A Samoan woman from Upolu who was the daughter of Samoan War Chief Ama of Safata. Ngata was sent to Hihifo district, Tongatapu , the western part of the Tongan empire, to govern the district on behalf of the Haʻa Tuʻi , the Tuʻi Tonga and the Tuʻi Haʻa Takalaua . Ngata was escorted by his uncle, Nuku and his cousin, Niukapu. (These events are depicted in the Ulutolu story). Ngata's venture

111-469: A general term for concubine , while moheofo is a reference to the royal family. Quite opposite to their original meanings. Tu%CA%BBi Kanokupolu Tuʻi Kanokupolu (chiefs) are a junior rank of the Haʻa Tuʻi (king's lineage) in Tonga . The Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu are described as Kau Halalalo . Kauhala means 'side of the road' and lalo means 'lower'. Thus, Kau Halalalo

148-496: A good anchorage, which Finau did not wish to reveal to Cook. Tuʻi Halafatai was the son of Tupoulahi muʻa. Tupoulahisiʻi was the son of Tuʻi Halafatai. Mulikihaʻamea was the son of Maealiuaki. He resigned and following his father, became the 16th Tuʻi Haʻa Takalaua and lived in Muʻa. In 1797, Mulikhaʻamea received George Vason. In the same year, London Missionary Society (LMS) missionaries arrived. Vason wrote: Tupou Moheofo

185-470: A little more effort into the former. Vavaʻu rises 204 m (669 ft) above sea level at Mount Talau . The capital is Neiafu , situated at the Port of Refuge (Puatalefusi or Lolo-ʻa-Halaevalu). In Polynesia , it is said that the islands were created by the god Maui , who reached into the bottom of the sea with his magic hook, caught something on it, and pulled it up to the sea surface, and it became

222-416: A young woman sleeping with a visiting chief, as was normal in former times. The first moheofo was Tongotea around 1700. It was a habit that they were brought at night to their new husbands. (Tongotea's older sister Halaevalu also married a Tuʻi Tonga, but this seems to have been more a try out, and she did not become mother of the next king). As consequence nowadays the word māʻitaki has degenerated into

259-581: Is a raised platform of coral cliffs. The southern coastline is low and irregular, and opens out into a network of channels, bays, and islets, forming one of the best-protected natural harbors in the Pacific. ’Utu Vava’u is also home to the ʻEneʻio Botanical Garden , which is Tonga's only botanical garden. Vavaʻu's climate is by far the warmest in Tonga (apart from the Niuas , which are the northernmost islands in

296-510: Is divided into Haʻa Ngata Motuʻa (old Haʻa Ngata) and Haʻa Ngata Tupu . Atamataʻila was the son of Ngata and Kaufoʻou of Hihifo. He reinforced the office of the governor of Hihifo. When he married Tokilupe, the daughter of Tuʻi Haʻatuʻunga and the niece of Tuʻi Haʻamea, chief of the Central Tongan Empire. Atamataʻilaʻa daughter, Palula, was sent to be the wife of the eighth king of Tonga, Vaea Tangitau. Mataeletuʻapiko

333-574: Is the lower side of the road. The term Kau Halalalo differentiates the Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu from the Haʻa Tuʻi Tonga who are the most senior and sacred members of the king's lineage. In contrast to Kau Halalalo , the Haʻa Tuʻi Tonga are the Kau Halaʻuta , meaning the 'higher side of the road'. In Muʻa Tongatapu , the ancient capital of Tonga and the traditional residence of

370-436: Is the second largest island in Tonga. Vavaʻu is a coral reef with cliffs in the north rising to 200 m (660 ft) above sea level. On the south side, the island group is dispersed into many small, scattered islands and waterways. The largest of the waterways, the fjord -like Ava Pulepulekai channel , extends 11 km (6.8 mi) inland from the harbor of Neiafu (the capital). The north coast of ’Utu Vava’u island

407-664: The Haʻa Havea Lahi , the older Havea clan of central Tonga and the Haʻa Havea Siʻi , the younger Havea clan of the Vavaʻu Islands . The Ha'a Tuʻi Kanokupolu 's role is to take the responsibility that all the high Haʻa Tuʻi has for them in a royal funeral or wedding. Mataelehaʻamea was the eldest son of Mateletuʻapiko and Papahaʻamea, the daughter of the Tuʻi Haʻamea. Mataelehaʻamea went to war with his father in law,

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444-538: The Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu would arrive in canoes and settle along the beach. After presenting their tributes (such as fruit), the Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu would return to their chiefdoms. Tupou is the title given to the Tuʻi Kanokupolu . The position of Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu originated at the time of the Mo'unga'otonga, the sixth Tuʻi Haʻa Takalaua (king). Ngata was the youngest son of Moungatonga and Tohuʻia,

481-409: The Haʻa Tuʻi Tonga , the Haʻa Tuʻi Tonga lived on the higher, inland side of the road, whereas, the Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu lived on the lower, beach side of the road. In Muʻa Tongatapu, the settlement was expanded along the lower, beach side of the road. During Inasi ceremonies , when tributes were brought from the various chiefdoms (districts) of the Tonga empire to the Haʻa Tuʻi Tonga ,

518-522: The Haʻa Ngata (House of Ngata) who had supported Tukuʻaho. Fohe (ulu) . Ma'afu Tupou Malohi was appointed after a long interregnum in 1808, when the quarreling chiefs finally put their differences aside in order to forestall the ambitions of Tupoutoʻa. But Tupou Mālohi was weak, not able to withstand the quarreling chiefs, resigned a year later, and went to Haʻapai . On the official list, Tupou Malohi retained his title until his death in 1812. Tupoutoʻa

555-559: The Tongan king'. Mataelehaʻamea's son, Tuituiohu, formed the Haʻa Ngata Tupu clan in Vavaʻu. This clan became powerful in the time of Tuituiohu's son, 'Finau ʻUlukalala I, ruler of Vavaʻu and Haʻapai. Vuna Tuʻi 'oe Tau was the second son of Mataeletuʻapiko. He lost the support of the Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu and left to Vavaʻu to established his own chiefdom. Vuna Tuʻi oe Tau was also challenged by his nephew Tuituiohu. Maʻafu ʻo Tuʻi Tonga

592-829: The bay on the west coast of the main island, near Longomapu . Twelve years later, in 1793, the Malaspina Expedition visited the area for a month, following up on Mourelle's investigations, and formally claiming the islands for Spain . Whaling vessels were among the first regular Western visitors to the islands. The first on record was the Fanny , on 17 June 1823, and the last was the Robert Morrison , from July through September, 1883. These vessels came for water, food, and wood - and sometimes they recruited islanders to serve as crewmen on their ships. They stimulated commerce and were significant agents for change on

629-529: The death of Mumui not long after their arrival. He wrote, Tukuʻaho was the son of Mumui. He was a fierce warrior and a respected leader. He was elected Tuʻi Kanokupolu after the death of Mumui. Vason wrote, The LMS missionaries, who all stayed under the protection of Tukuʻaho in Hihifo, were then divided up into the districts and their chiefs. This gives a useful record of all the great chiefs in Tonga during this time. Again, Vason wrote, This quote indicates that

666-469: The death of his older brother King George Tupou the V he inherited the throne due his brother not having descendants. Vava%CA%BBu Vavaʻu is an island group, consisting of one large island ( ʻUtu Vavaʻu ) and 40 smaller ones, in Tonga . It is part of Vavaʻu District , which includes several other individual islands. According to tradition, the Maui god created both Tongatapu and Vavaʻu, but put

703-670: The eighth Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua Vaea to established the Tuʻi Kanokupolu's control in central Tongan Empire. At this time, a number of social factors began to change: the Tuʻi Kanokupolu began to have power over the Tuʻi Haʻa Takalaua. The daughter of the Tuʻi Kanokupolu became the Moheofo (principal wife) of the Tuʻi Tonga (for example, Halaevalu and Tongotea wed Tuʻi Tonga). The Haʻa Tuʻi Kanokupolu became known as Haʻamoheofo : Haʻa means 'clan' and mohefo means 'principal wife of

740-466: The incident must have happened some years earlier, as Mumui was already a king when Vason was in residence. Vason wrote, Mumui was the son of Maʻafu ʻo Tuʻi Tonga. He was made Tuʻi Kanokupolu when his son defeated Tupou Moheofo. Mumui was the first Tuʻi Kanokupolu mention in the writing of George Vason and the LMS missionaries in 1797. Vason recorded Mumui's visit to the missionaries. He wrote, Vason reported

777-613: The islands of Vavaʻu. Don Francisco Mourelle de la Rúa , commanding the Spanish frigate Princesa , was the first European to come to Vavaʻu, which he did on 4 March 1781. He charted Vavaʻu as Martín de Mayorga , naming it after the incumbent Viceroy of New Spain . Captain James Cook had known about the islands a decade earlier, but the people in Haʻapai had told him it would be no good for him to go there; they told him there

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814-659: The islands. In 1839, the Tuʻi Tonga (chief), George Tupou I , instituted the Vavaʻu Code in Vavaʻu. The Vavaʻu island group is spread out across an area that measures about 21 km from east to west and 25 km from north to south. Vavaʻu had 13,738 inhabitants at the 2016 census, 5,251 of whom lived in the capital, Neiafu. The islands in Vavaʻu District , outside of the Vavaʻu Group , are uninhabited. The main island of ’Utu Vava’u , at 97 km (37 sq mi),

851-520: The kingdom). Its warm climate and fertile soil makes it a haven for growers of vanilla , pineapple , and other tropical fruits . Vavaʻu is popular with sailors and other tourists, because of its scenic beauty. It is one of the most prominent tourism sites in Tonga. From May to October, the Port of ’Utu Vava’u welcomes sailing boats from all over the world and arranges for tourists to dive with humpback whales and explore underwater caves . The island

888-612: The plan to separate the missionaries was approved by Tukuʻaho the Tuʻi Knaokupolu, who protected them in Hihifo. The plan was that two missionaries would stay with Vahaʻi in Haʻateiho; one would go to Muli (a lower chief) in Hahake; one would go to Mulikihaʻamea, the second highest chief in Tonga; and two would go to the Tuʻi Tonga at Muʻa. The three remaining missionaries stayed in Hihifo with the Tuʻi Kanokupolu. The record gives insight into

925-432: The social hierarchy of the ruling parties. Tukuʻaho was the most powerful but not necessarily the highest ranked Tuʻi Kanokupolu. Mulikihaʻamea was the second most powerful chief of Tonga. At this time, he resigned to become the eleventh Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua. The chief, Vahaʻi, (later renounced in the civil war) was in Haʻateiho and most likely controlled the central region. The Tuʻi Tonga at Muʻa was Fatafehi, son of Paulaho, who

962-512: The surrounding islands of "Kottoo" (Tupoutoʻa, high chief of Kotu and the surrounding islands of Haʻapai); "Poulaho" (Paulaho the Tuʻi Tonga) and his son, "Fattafaihe" (Fatafehi) who was about twelve years old at the time; and "Toobou" (most likely the Tuʻi Kanokupolu of the time, as they were addressed as Tupou ). While Cook described Maealiuaki as "old and in retirement", he also noted that the Tupou

999-519: Was also supported by his mother's family, the Fale Haʻakili ('House of Haʻakili'). Throughout Tonga, the Fale Haʻakili are the traditional supporters of the Tuʻi Kanokupolu . Ngata married Vaʻetapu and Kaufoʻou, the two daughters of Ahomeʻe, a chief of Haʻavakatolo, Hihifo district. The children formed the first Tuʻi Kanokupolu chiefdom and resided in Hihifo. The chiefdom, the Haʻa Ngata ,

1036-524: Was baptised and installed as "His Majesty, King George Tāufaʻāhau Tupou I". Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV was the son of Her Majesty, Queen Salote Tupou III and Chief Tungi. As a Crown Prince he was known as Tupoutoʻa and later inherited his father's title, Tungi. He ascended to the throne in 1965 and retained the title Tungi, while the title Tupoutoʻa was passed on to the Crown Prince . He succeeded his father in 2006 and reigned until his death in 2012. After

1073-698: Was installed TUʻIHAʻAPAI . Tupoulahi was the son of Maʻafuʻotuʻitonga. He built a fort in Nukuʻalofa. He later resigned from the Tuʻi Kanokupolu because of a lack of support from other Tuʻi Kanokupolu clans. Maealiuaki was the son of Maʻafu ʻo Tuʻi Tonga. Maealiuaki retired at an advanced age and became the fifteenth Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua . He lived in Muʻa. Captain James Cook visited Maealiuaki in 1777. Cook wrote: Cook also wrote about "Feenou" (Finau ʻUlukalala of Vavaʻu); "Toobou", chief of "Annamouka" (Tupou chief of Nomuka); "Tooboueitoa", king of

1110-438: Was no harbour . They may have told him this to dissuade him from going there; but Cook heeded their advice. As it turned out, Mourelle found excellent anchoring , in Vavaʻu, which he desperately needed, because he had failed to find a harbour at the last two places he had tried to land, Fonualei (Bitterness island) and Late . He gave the harbour at Vavaʻu the name Port of Refuge , although his original port of refuge had been

1147-467: Was the daughter of Tupoulahi and the principal wife of the Tuʻi Tonga Paulaho. Her cousin, Tukuʻaho opposed her marriage. It is said he came from his home on ʻEua and said, Tupou Moheofo was defeated by Tukuʻaho. He installed his own father, Mumui, the son of Maʻafu ʻo Tuʻi Tonga, as the thirteenth Tuʻi Kanokupolu. Vason described the incident between Tupou Moheofo and Tukuʻaho in 1797. Therefore,

Māʻitaki - Misplaced Pages Continue

1184-618: Was the eldest son of Mataelehaʻamea and Papa Haʻamea. The children of Maʻafu ʻo Tuʻi Tonga formed the Haʻa Maʻafu clan. Haʻa Maʻafu include the descendants of the Tuʻi Kanokopolu who do not belong to any other clan and the present day princes of the royal household. This community lives in the Kolomotuʻa (old settlement) and Kolofoʻou (new settlement) of Nukuʻalofa . His eldest son was Ngalumoetutulu by his wife Ate Fiunoa and Ngalumoetutulu

1221-509: Was the son of Atamataʻila and Tokilupe. He married Papahaʻamea, a daughter of the Tuʻi Haʻamea, chief of the Central Tongan Empire; Fatafehi, a daughter of the 31st Tuʻi Tonga, Kauʻulufonuafekai; and Tuʻimala, daughter of the Tuʻi Tonga, Fefine, of the Tamahā clan. The children of Mataeletuʻapiko formed the second clan of the Tuʻi Kanokupolu , the Haʻa Havea . The Haʻa Havea is divided into

1258-555: Was the son of Mumui. He became Tuʻi Kanokupolu in 1826 and was installed on 7 December 1827 in the Pangai at Hihifo by the Haʻa Ngata and Haʻa Havea. Aleamotuʻa became a Christian and was baptised on 18 January 1830 by Mr Turner, a Methodist Missionary. He married Mary Moala in a Christian ceremony on the same date. He died in 1845. Tāufaʻāhau was the son of Tupoutoʻa. Prior to his death, Josiah Tupou named two possible successors. Tāufaʻāhau

1295-415: Was the son of Tukuʻaho. The chiefs considered him an "upstart" because he claimed the title of Tu'i Kanokupolu but had not been officially recognised. Tupoutoʻa also associated with his assassins. The chiefs did not formally denounce Tupoutoʻa because they were battling each other. One of the most powerful chiefs, Takai, recognised Tupoutoʻa in 1813 but he was the only one. Tupoutoʻa died in 1820. ʻAleamotuʻa

1332-506: Was twelve years old during Cook's visit in 1777. Fatafehi had aspired to be elected as Tuʻi Kanokupolu to recover the position his mother lost to Tukuʻaho. Tukuʻaho was assassinated by Tupouniua and ʻUlukalala with the consent of Mulikihaʻamea. Maʻafu ʻo Limuloa was promoted by the Haʻa Havea (the House of Havea) and became Tuʻi Kanokupolu. The very same night, he was murdered by the members of

1369-451: Was younger and going blind from an eye problem; that Maealiuaki and Tupou were brothers; that there was a peaceful interaction between all the chiefs; and that respect was paid to the Tuʻi Tonga Paulaho and his son, Fatafehi. Finau Tukuʻaho, left Vavaʻu to gather provisions for Cook. When Cook told Finau Tukuʻaho that he would follow him to Vavaʻu, Finau Tukuʻaho refused and advised Cook there was no safe anchorage in Vavaʻu. In fact, Vavaʻu has

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