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40-416: Muntelier is first mentioned in 1270 as Es Montelliers . Muntelier has an area of 1.1 km (0.42 sq mi). Of this area, 0.3 km (0.12 sq mi) or 26.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.38 km (0.15 sq mi) or 33.6% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.41 km (0.16 sq mi) or 36.3% is settled (buildings or roads) and 0.04 km (9.9 acres) or 3.5%

80-401: A Pike proper. Muntelier has a population (as of December 2020) of 976. As of 2008, 11.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (2000–2010) the population has changed at a rate of 25.2%. Migration accounted for 24.1%, while births and deaths accounted for 1.1%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (623 or 86.6%) as their first language, French

120-503: A total of 129 students attended school in other municipalities. Of these students, 23 were in kindergarten, 57 were in a primary school, 21 were in a mandatory secondary school, 22 were in an upper secondary school and 6 were in a vocational secondary program. There were no tertiary students from this municipality. As of 2000, there were 2 students in Muntelier who came from another municipality, while 96 residents attended schools outside

160-460: Is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 20.4% is used for growing crops and 3.5% is pastures, while 2.7% is used for orchards or vine crops. The municipality is located in the See/Lac district. This former fishing village is now a commuter town and part of the agglomeration of Murten . The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules on a Bend sable

200-543: Is quite different from North American commuter towns that are almost exclusively the result of transportation by car. Where commuters are wealthier and small town housing markets are weaker than city housing markets, the development of a bedroom community may raise local housing prices and attract upscale service businesses in a process akin to gentrification . Long-time residents may be displaced by new commuter residents due to rising house prices. This can also be influenced by zoning restrictions in urbanized areas that prevent

240-496: Is the second most common (57 or 7.9%) and Portuguese is the third (15 or 2.1%). There are 3 people who speak Italian . As of 2008, the population was 49.3% male and 50.7% female. The population was made up of 380 Swiss men (42.8% of the population) and 57 (6.4%) non-Swiss men. There were 404 Swiss women (45.5%) and 46 (5.2%) non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 138 or about 19.2% were born in Muntelier and lived there in 2000. There were 142 or 19.7% who were born in

280-426: Is unproductive land. Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 2.7% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 14.2% and transportation infrastructure made up 12.4%. Power and water infrastructure as well as other special developed areas made up 1.8% of the area while parks, green belts and sports fields made up 5.3%. Out of the forested land, 31.9% of the total land area is heavily forested and 1.8%

320-644: The Brookings Institution in 2006, the term is generally used for areas beyond suburbs and specifically less densely built than the suburbs to which the exurbs' residents commute. Comparatively low density towns – often featuring large lots and large homes – create heavy motor vehicle dependency . "They begin as embryonic subdivisions of a few hundred homes at the far edge of beyond, surrounded by scrub. Then, they grow – first gradually, but soon with explosive force – attracting stores, creating jobs and struggling to keep pace with

360-620: The Global Industry Classification Standard and the Industry Classification Benchmark are used to classify businesses that participate in the service sector. Unlike governmental classification systems, the first level of market-based classification systems divides the economy into functionally related markets or industries. The second or third level of these hierarchies then reflects whether goods or services are produced. For

400-735: The North American Industrial Classification System (NAICS), the Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE) in the EU and similar systems elsewhere. These governmental classification systems have a first-level of hierarchy that reflects whether the economic goods are tangible or intangible. For purposes of finance and market research , market -based classification systems such as

440-454: The secondary sector and there were 11 businesses in this sector. 317 people were employed in the tertiary sector , with 39 businesses in this sector. There were 426 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 46.0% of the workforce. In 2008 the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 385. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 5, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in

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480-421: The 166 who completed tertiary schooling, 63.3% were Swiss men, 23.5% were Swiss women, 9.0% were non-Swiss men and 4.2% were non-Swiss women. The Canton of Fribourg school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten , followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following

520-528: The FDP moved from first in 2007 (with 26.4%) to third and the Grünliberale moved from below fourth place in 2007 to fourth. A total of 394 votes were cast in this election, of which 5 or 1.3% were invalid. As of  2010, Muntelier had an unemployment rate of 1%. As of 2008, there were 6 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 2 businesses involved in this sector. 127 people were employed in

560-849: The Platzbünden are listed as Swiss heritage site of national significance . The entire village of Muntelier is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites . In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the SPS which received 20.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SVP (20.1%), the FDP (19.9%) and the Green Liberal Party (12.5%). The SPS improved their position in Muntelier rising to first, from third in 2007 (with 14.7%) The SVP lost popularity (26.3% in 2007),

600-569: The UK , both the national railway's tracks, trains, stations and real estate were included in the privatization agreements. Japan's privately operated railroads view real estate investment and development of commuter towns as central to their business model. These railroads continuously develop new residential and commercial areas alongside their existing and new routes and stations and adjust their train schedules in order to provide existing and prospective commuters with convenient work-commute routines. This

640-588: The United States, 70 per cent of the workforce works in the service sector; in Japan, 60 per cent, and in Taiwan, 50 per cent. These are not necessarily busboys and live-in maids. Numerous of them are in the skilled category. They are earning as much as manufacturing employees, and often more. Economies tend to follow a developmental progression that takes them from heavy reliance on agriculture and mining, toward

680-892: The brunt of the public operating budget in higher property or income taxes . Such municipalities may scramble to encourage commercial growth once an established residential base has been reached. In the UK, commuter towns were developed by railway companies to create demand for their lines. One 1920s pioneer of this form of development was the Metropolitan Railway (now part of London Underground ) which marketed its Metro-land developments. This initiative encouraged many to move out of central and inner-city London to suburbs such as Harrow , or out of London itself, to commuter villages in Buckinghamshire or Hertfordshire . Commuter towns have more recently been built ahead of adequate transportation infrastructure, thus spurring

720-468: The construction of suitably cheap housing closer to places of employment. The number of commuter towns increased in the US and the UK during the 20th century because of a trend for people to move out of the cities into the surrounding green belt . In the United States, it is common for commuter towns to create disparities in municipal tax rates. When a commuter town collects few business taxes, residents must pay

760-459: The customers rather than transforming the physical goods. The production of information has been long regarded as a service, but some economists now attribute it to a fourth sector, called the quaternary sector . It is sometimes hard to determine whether a given company is part of the secondary or the tertiary sector. It is not only companies that have been classified as part of a sector in some schemes, since governments and their services (such as

800-610: The development of manufacturing (e.g. automobiles, textiles, shipbuilding , steel) and finally toward a more service-based structure. The first economy to follow this path in the modern world was the United Kingdom . The speed at which other economies have made the transition to service-based (or " post-industrial ") economies has increased over time. Historically, manufacturing tended to be more open to international trade and competition than services. However, with dramatic cost reduction and speed and reliability improvements in

840-528: The development of roads and public transportation systems. These can take the form of light rail lines extending from the city center to new streetcar suburbs and new or expanded highways , whose construction and traffic can lead to the community becoming part of a larger conurbation . A 2014 study by the British Office for National Statistics found that commuting also affects wellbeing. Commuters are more likely to be anxious, dissatisfied and have

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880-539: The economy The tertiary sector of the economy , generally known as the service sector , is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector ( raw materials ) and the secondary sector ( manufacturing ). The tertiary sector consists of the provision of services instead of end products . Services (also known as " intangible goods ") include attention, advice, access, experience and affective labour . The tertiary sector involves

920-482: The last 100 years, there has been a substantial shift from the primary and secondary sectors to the tertiary sector in industrialized countries. This shift is called tertiarisation . The tertiary sector is now the largest sector of the economy in the Western world , and is also the fastest-growing sector. In examining the growth of the service sector in the early nineties, the globalist Kenichi Ohmae noted that: In

960-421: The lower Secondary students may attend a three or four year optional upper Secondary school. The upper Secondary school is divided into gymnasium (university preparatory) and vocational programs. After they finish the upper Secondary program, students may choose to attend a Tertiary school or continue their apprenticeship . During the 2010-11 school year, there were no students attending school in Muntelier, but

1000-471: The municipality and 350 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.4 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 10.6% used public transportation to get to work, and 64.6% used a private car. From the 2000 census, 182 or 25.3% were Roman Catholic , while 433 or 60.2% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church . Of

1040-429: The municipality, and an average of 2.2 persons per household. There were 94 households that consist of only one person and 11 households with five or more people. In 2000, a total of 313 apartments (92.1% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 22 apartments (6.5%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (1.5%) were empty. The historical population is given in the following chart: The Von Ernst Manor house and

1080-441: The municipality. Commuter town A commuter town is a populated area that is primarily residential rather than commercial or industrial. Routine travel from home to work and back is called commuting , which is where the term comes from. A commuter town may be called by many other terms: " bedroom community " (Canada and northeastern US), " bedroom town ", " bedroom suburb " (US), " dormitory town " (UK). The term " exurb "

1120-729: The need for more schools, more roads, more everything. And eventually, when no more land is available and home prices have skyrocketed, the whole cycle starts again, another 15 minutes down the turnpike." Others argue that exurban environments, such as those that have emerged in Oregon over the last 40 years as a result of the state's unique land use laws , have helped to protect local agriculture and local businesses by creating strict urban growth boundaries that encourage greater population densities in centralized towns, while slowing or greatly reducing urban and suburban sprawl into agricultural, timber land, and natural areas. Tertiary sector of

1160-540: The police or military), as well as nonprofit organizations (such as charities or research associations), can also be seen as part of that sector. To classify a business as a service, one can use classification systems such as the United Nations ' International Standard Industrial Classification standard, the United States ' Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code system and its new replacement,

1200-475: The prospect of home ownership in an area with higher quality schools and amenities. As of 2003 , over 80% of the workforce of Tracy, California , was employed in the San Francisco Bay Area . In some cases, commuter towns can result from changing economic conditions. Steubenville, Ohio along with neighboring Weirton, West Virginia had an independent regional identity until the collapse of

1240-446: The provision of services to other businesses as well as to final consumers. Services may involve the transport , distribution and sale of goods from a producer to a consumer, as may happen in wholesaling and retailing , pest control or financial services . The goods may be transformed in the process of providing the service, as happens in the restaurant industry. However, the focus is on people by interacting with them and serving

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1280-486: The rest of the population, there were 6 members of an Orthodox church (or about 0.83% of the population), there was 1 individual who belongs to the Christian Catholic Church , and there were 5 individuals (or about 0.70% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 3 (or about 0.42% of the population) who were Islamic . There was 1 person who was Buddhist and 1 person who

1320-603: The same canton, while 328 or 45.6% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 103 or 14.3% were born outside of Switzerland. As of 2000, children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 18.2% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 68.2% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 13.6%. As of 2000, there were 254 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 394 married individuals, 35 widows or widowers and 36 individuals who are divorced. As of 2000, there were 315 private households in

1360-558: The secondary sector was 117 of which 94 or (80.3%) were in manufacturing and 20 (17.1%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 263. In the tertiary sector; 147 or 55.9% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 1 was in the movement and storage of goods, 47 or 17.9% were in a hotel or restaurant, 1 was in the information industry, 19 or 7.2% were technical professionals or scientists, 2 or 0.8% were in education and 18 or 6.8% were in health care. In 2000, there were 256 workers who commuted into

1400-409: The sense that their daily activities lack meaning than those who don't have to travel to work, even if they are paid more. The term exurb (a portmanteau of "extra & urban") was coined by Auguste Comte Spectorsky in his 1955 book The Exurbanites , to describe the ring of prosperous communities beyond the suburbs that are commuter towns for an urban area. However, since a landmark report by

1440-522: The steel industry in the 1980s. Steubenville Pike and the Parkway West also created easier access to the much larger city of Pittsburgh . In 2013, Jefferson County, Ohio (where Steubenville is located) was added to the Pittsburgh metropolitan area as part of its larger Combined Statistical Area . In Japan, most of the national railway network was privatized by the 1980s but unlike in

1480-514: The transportation of people and the communication of information, the service sector now includes some of the most intensive international competition, despite residual protectionism . Service providers face obstacles selling services that goods-sellers rarely face. Services are intangible, making it difficult for potential customers to understand what they will receive and what value it will hold for them. Indeed, some, such as consultants and providers of investment services, offer no guarantees of

1520-419: The value for the price paid. Since the quality of most services depends largely on the quality of the individuals providing the services, "people costs" are usually a high fraction of service costs. Whereas a manufacturer may use technology, simplification, and other techniques to lower the cost of goods sold, the service provider often faces an unrelenting pattern of increasing costs. Product differentiation

1560-410: Was Hindu . 77 (or about 10.71% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist , and 11 individuals (or about 1.53% of the population) did not answer the question. In Muntelier about 317 or (44.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education , and 166 or (23.1%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule ). Of

1600-934: Was used from the 1950s, but since 2006, is generally used for areas beyond suburbs and specifically less densely built than the suburbs to which the exurbs' residents commute. Often commuter towns form when workers in a region cannot afford to live where they work and must seek residency in another town with a lower cost of living . The late 20th century, the dot-com bubble and United States housing bubble drove housing costs in Californian metropolitan areas to historic highs, spawning exurban growth in adjacent counties. Workers with jobs in San Francisco found themselves moving further and further away to nearby cities like Oakland, Burlingame, and San Mateo. As rental and housing costs kept increasing, even renters that would normally be considered affluent elsewhere would struggle with

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