A polo handicap is a system created by Henry Lloyd Herbert , the first president of the United States Polo Association , at the founding of the USPA in 1890 so teams could be more evenly matched when using players with varying abilities.
27-465: James Montaudevert "Monte" Waterbury Jr . (April 24, 1876 – August 28, 1920) was an American businessman and a 10-goal polo handicap player. Together with his brother Lawrence Waterbury , Harry Payne Whitney and Devereaux Milburn , known collectively as the " Big Four ," he competed and won the 1909 International Polo Cup . Monte was born on April 24, 1876, in Westchester, New York . He
54-456: A sport or activity will be enjoyed for its own sake, and with proper consideration for fairness , ethics , respect , and a sense of fellowship with one's competitors. A "sore loser" refers to one who does not take defeat well, whereas a "good sport" means being a "good winner" as well as being a "good loser". Sportsmanship can be conceptualized as an enduring and relatively stable characteristic or disposition such that individuals differ in
81-409: A committee at the authorizing club of his country. A professional player may be assigned an equivalent rating in countries where he competes. Though standards are similar, the ratings may be expressed differently. e.g.: Argentina: 0 to 10 USA: C (-2), B (-1), B+ (-0.5), A (0), A+ (0.5), 1.0, 1.5, 2 to 10 England: -2 to 10. Sportsmanship Sportsmanship is an aspiration or ethos that
108-465: A scale from minus-2 to 10. Minus-2 indicates a novice player, while a player rated at 10 goals has the highest handicap possible. It is so difficult to attain a 10-goal handicap that there are fewer than two dozen in the world, and about two-thirds of all players handicapped are rated at two goals or less. Currently, most living ten-goal players are Argentine, with few exceptions. Handicaps of five goals and above generally belong to professional players. It
135-466: A wedding never took place. Waterbury also dated infamous showgirl Evelyn Nesbit before her marriage to crazed lunatic Harry K. Thaw . Thaw murdered New York architect and socialite Stanford White in a rooftop killing. Waterbury died at the age of 44 on August 28, 1920, from an apparent heart attack one day after arriving at a health resort in French Lick, Indiana . He had been in poor health in
162-419: Is dominated by a spirit of moderation and generosity. Athletics, on the other hand, is essentially a competitive activity, which has for its end victory in the contest and which is characterized of dedication, sacrifice and intensity." Hence, the virtues of a player are radically different from the virtues of an athlete. Rudd and Stoll provide an example from 1995, when a U.S. high school athletic league banned
189-473: Is not (nor has it ever been) an estimate of the number of goals a player might score in a game, but rather of the player's worth to their team. It is the overall rating of a player's horsemanship, team play, knowledge of the game, strategy, and horses. At one time, polo was the only sport in the world that considered sportsmanship when rating a player. In matches played by "handicapped" players (as opposed to open competition, where handicaps are not considered),
216-461: Is practiced in different sports. Being a good sport often includes treating others as you would also like to be treated, cheering for good plays (even if they are made by the opposition), accepting responsibility for your mistakes, and keeping your perspective. An example of treating others how you would like to be treated would include being respectful and polite to other team members and the opposition because in return you would also like to be treated
243-434: Is rule-driven, the most common offence of bad sportsmanship is the act of cheating or breaking the rules to gain an unfair advantage; this is called unsportsmanlike conduct . A competitor who exhibits poor sportsmanship after losing a game or contest is often called a "sore loser", while a competitor who exhibits poor sportsmanship after winning is typically called a "bad winner". Sore loser behavior includes blaming others for
270-617: The 1913 Cup, he "sustained a broken, making it impossible for him to hold a mallet" and was replaced by Louis Stoddard . He was a member of the Meadowbrook Polo Club along with his brother Lawrence. He usually preferred to play the back position, but the team would often rotate positions as the game was being played. Waterbury did not play polo internationally after the 1914 defeat at the International Polo Cup (with Ivor Guest, Lord Wimborne in charge of
297-656: The British team). and only rarely pursued the sport in the United States in his later years. Waterbury was linked to stage actress Eleanor Pendleton, who later married Louis Ream, son of millionaire businessman Norman B. Ream . After Eleanor's divorce from Ream, she moved into the Hotel St. Louis, across from Waterbury's apartment at the northwest corner of Madison Avenue and 32nd Street , and they resumed their relationship. They were rumored to have been engaged, but
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#1732801194237324-410: The athletes that they look up to and idolize. For example, if an individual looked up to an athlete who was drinking excessively, they may see this as acceptable behavior. The direct correlation between sportsmanship and leadership is also considered to be another contributing factor. Having a positive environment in your sporting team will therefore create good sportsmanship from the individuals. Having
351-527: The batter is not at an adequate level, [it] could lead to the batter to have low self-confidence or worth." Six categories relating to sportsmanship are the elements of sports, the elements of sportsmanship, clarifications, conflicts, balance, and irreducibility. All six of these characterize a person with good sportsmanship. Even though there is some affinity between some of the categories, they are distinct elements. "In essence, play has for its directed and immediate end joy, pleasure, and delights and which
378-426: The game." Sportsmanship can be manifested in different ways depending on the game itself or the culture of the group. For example, in the sport of cricket , a player will sometimes acknowledge that he is out by walking off the field, even though the umpires (game officials) had thought that he was not out. In another example, a tennis player who sees a ball go in but is called out by the linesperson could concede
405-514: The handicaps of all four players are totaled. If the total handicap of a team is more than that of the team against which they are playing, the difference is added to the scoreboard. For example, if the Mounties polo team has a total handicap of six goals and the Tayto team has a handicap of four goals, Tayto would begin the match with a two-goal advantage. A player's handicap is usually assessed by
432-406: The loss, not accepting responsibility for personal actions that contributed to the defeat, reacting to the loss in an immature or improper fashion, making excuses for the defeat, and citing unfavorable conditions or other petty issues as reasons for the defeat. A bad winner acts in a shallow fashion after his or her victory, such as by gloating about his or her win, rubbing the win in the face(s) of
459-408: The opponent(s), and lowering the opponent(s)'s self-esteem by constantly reminding the opponent(s) of their poor performance in comparison (even if the opponent(s) competed well). Not showing respect to the other team is considered as being a bad sportsman and could lead to demoralising effects; as Leslie Howe describes: "If a pitcher in baseball decides to pitch not to his maximum ability suggest that
486-521: The person believes they are being a good sport, but they are imbalanced. When athletes become too self-centred, the idea of sportsmanship is dismissed. Today's sporting culture, in particular elite sport, places great importance on the idea of competition and winning and sportsmanship may take a back seat as a result. In most, if not all sports, players at the elite level set the standards on sportsmanship and whether they like it or not, they are seen as leaders and role models in society. Since every sport
513-489: The point or suggest the opponent make a challenge , as was the case with professional tennis player Jack Sock on at least two occasions. Sportsmanship can be affected by contributing factors such as the players' values and attitudes towards the sport and also on professional role models. Role models in sport are expected to act in a moral and respectful way. When elite sporting role models do not encourage sportsmanship this can encourage other people to act in similar ways to
540-410: The post-game handshake that was a part of sports such as football and basketball. The handshaking was banned because of fights that were ensuing after the handshake. Most players are influenced by the leaders around them such as coaches and older players, "if there are coaches and administrators who don't understand sportsmanship, then what about the players?" There are various ways that sportsmanship
567-419: The same way. Some popular examples of good sportsmanship include shaking hands, helping an opponent who may have fallen over, encouraging everyone, cheering, clapping or giving high-fives, and being respectful to everyone including teammates, the opposition, parents, and officials. Most importantly it is often encouraged and said regarding sportsmanship that "It's not whether you win or lose, it's how you play
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#1732801194237594-452: The way one reacts to a sport/game/player. Four elements of sportsmanship are good form, the will to win, equity, and fairness. All four elements are critical and a balance must be found among all four for true sportsmanship to be illustrated. These elements may also cause conflict, as a person may desire to win more than to play in equity and fairness and thus resulting in a clash within the aspects of sportsmanship. This will cause problems as
621-399: The way they are generally expected to behave in sports situations. Sportsmanship mainly refers to virtues such as fairness, self-control, courage, and persistence, and has been associated with interpersonal concepts of treating others and being treated fairly, maintaining self-control if dealing with others, and respect for both authority and opponents. Sportsmanship is also looked at as being
648-630: The year preceding his death and it was generally accepted by his family that he had been suffering from a heart condition. After a funeral at St. Bartholomew's Church , he was buried in the churchyard of St. Peter's Church in Westchester. The annual Monty Waterbury Cup at the Meadow Brook Club in Westbury, Long Island was named in his honor, with the first match occurring in 1922. Handicap (polo) The players are rated on
675-477: Was an active polo player in the 1890s through the 1910s, including the 1909 team put together by Harry Payne Whitney nicknamed the " Big Four ", composed of Monte, his brother Lawrence, Whitney and Devereaux Milburn . They defeated England , which had held the cup since its inauguration in 1886. He has won the International Polo Cup five times, in 1902, 1909, 1911, 1913, and 1914. He won the first U.S. Open Polo Championship in 1904, and ten senior titles. During
702-482: Was considered one of New York's oldest families. His maternal grandfather was John M. Furman. He was educated through private tutors and graduated from Columbia University . Waterbury's family owned the Waterbury Company, a manufacturing company that specialized in wire and manila rope and was located at 63 Park Row, and which Monte was serving as President at the time of his death in 1920. Waterbury
729-448: Was one of seven children born to James Montaudevert Waterbury Sr. and Catherine Anthony "Kate" ( née Furman) Waterbury. He had four brothers and two sisters, including Lawrence Waterbury , Livingston Waterbury, Reginald Waterbury, Katherine Livingston Waterbury and Elsie Waterbury, who married Gouverneur Morris . His paternal grandparents were Lawrence Waterbury I and Caroline Antoinette (née Cleveland) Waterbury. The Waterbury family
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