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80-439: Audio moogerfoogers consist of a black wedge-shaped box, approximately 5 by 9 inches (13 by 23 cm), with walnut edges. The face contains an array of knobs, switches and LEDs . There is also a foot switch that allows the user to toggle the effect on and off and a knob that controls the gain . True to the nature of modular synthesizers , all parameters on the pedals are variable using control voltages which may be plugged into

160-559: A 3-2 engineering program in 1957. He earned a PhD in engineering physics from Cornell University in 1965. In 1953, Moog produced his own theremin design, and in the following year, he published an article on the theremin in Radio and Television News . That same year, he founded R.A. Moog Co. , building theremins and theremin kits in his parents' home and selling them via mail order . In 1956, Moog and his father visited Raymond Scott 's Manhattan Research facility, and Scott purchased

240-644: A Grammy Trustees Award for lifetime achievement in 1970, the Polar Music Prize in 2001 and a Special Merit/ Technical Grammy Award in 2002. In 2012, to celebrate Moog's birthday, Google created an interactive version of the Minimoog as its Google Doodle . In 2013, Moog was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame . On July 18, 2013, Moog's widow Ileana Grams-Moog announced plans to donate Moog's archives, maintained by

320-454: A Graphic Equalizer . The filters' center frequencies are set at 200 Hz, 300 Hz, 450 Hz, 675 Hz, 1 kHz, 1.5 kHz, 2.2 kHz and 3.4 kHz and their sliders adjust the gain of each filter. The Bass MuRF or MF-105B , designed for bass guitar players, has slightly lower center frequencies of 110 Hz, 160 Hz, 240 Hz, 350 Hz, 525 Hz, 775 Hz, 1.2 kHz and 1.8 kHz. In addition,

400-504: A garnish on some foods. Nocino is a liqueur made from unripe green walnuts steeped in alcohol with syrup added. Walnut oil is available commercially and is chiefly used as a food ingredient, particularly in salad dressings . It has a low smoke point , which limits its use for frying . Walnut husks can be used to make durable ink for writing and drawing. It is thought to have been used by artists including Leonardo da Vinci and Rembrandt . Walnut husk pigments are used as

480-402: A sample and hold . The sample and hold samples a voltage (the noise source) every time a trigger voltage (the square LFO) crosses the threshold. The sampled voltage appears in the output. The user can also use alternate sample and/or trigger voltages to produce desired effects. The later version replaced the two simple attenuators (scaled 10-0) with 'attenuverters' (scaled -5, 0, +5) which added

560-464: A touchscreen -operated piano. Moog married Shirley May Leigh on June 15, 1958. They had four children, Laura (1961), Renée (1963), Michelle (1967), and Matthew (1970). They divorced in 1994. On May 19, 1996 Moog married Ileana Grams. Moog was diagnosed with a glioblastoma multiforme brain tumor on April 28, 2005. He died on August 21, 2005, at the age of 71 in Asheville, North Carolina . He

640-780: A Moog Model 305 theremin. Scott rewired the Moog theremin to be controlled by a keyboard, dubbing his creation the Clavivox . Moog married in 1958 and continued building and selling theremin kits from his own home in Ithaca , before establishing the company's first commercial space at 41 East Main Street in Trumansburg, New York in 1963, all while continuing to pursue his postgraduate education . At Cornell, Moog began work on his first synthesizer components with composer Herb Deutsch . At

720-487: A brown dye for fabric and were used in classical Rome and medieval Europe for dyeing hair . The US Army once used ground walnut shells for abrasive blasting to clean aviation parts because of low cost and low abrasive qualities. However, an investigation of a fatal Boeing CH-47 Chinook helicopter crash (11 September 1982, in Mannheim, Germany) revealed that walnut shell grit had clogged an oil port, leading to

800-487: A computer allows for an unlimited number of available pattern variations. The FreqBox or MF-107 was added to the moogerfooger series in early 2007. It was not designed by Bob Moog and it was the first new stomp box to be produced by Moog Music after Bob Moog's death. In general the FreqBox sounds similar to a synthesizer because its interior is actually a VCO that is modified by the input signal. The left hand side of

880-442: A debilitating recession. Moog remained employed as a designer at the company until 1977. He said that he would have left earlier if his contract had not required him to remain employed there for four years to cash his stock. By the end of the decade, Moog Music was facing competition from cheaper, easier-to-use instruments by competitors including ARP , Aries, Roland , and E-mu . In 1978, Moog moved to North Carolina and founded

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960-451: A form of gambling known as du qing pi . Robert Moog Robert Arthur Moog ( / m oʊ ɡ / MOHG ; May 23, 1934 – August 21, 2005) was an American engineer and electronic music pioneer. He was the founder of the synthesizer manufacturer Moog Music and the inventor of the first commercial synthesizer , the Moog synthesizer , which debuted in 1964. In 1970, Moog released

1040-494: A health claim that "Walnuts contribute to the improvement of endothelium -dependent vasodilation " at a daily intake of 30 grams (1.1 oz); it also found that a cause and effect relationship did not exist between consuming walnuts and reduction of blood LDL-cholesterol levels. The recommended health claim was later authorized by the European Commission . A 2020 systematic review assessing

1120-437: A live radio broadcast in their song “I Am The Walrus”, and Pink Floyd's “Wish You Were Here” opened with randomly changing the tuner frequency through live broadcasts on David Gilmour's car radio, which the songs opening bars were then also transmitted to, to complete the effect. On April 1, 2009, Moog Music's website announced another new moogerfooger as an April Fool's Day joke. The MF-106TC Analog Time Compressor supposedly had

1200-759: A mix such as muesli , or as an ingredient of a dish : e.g. walnut soup , walnut pie , walnut coffee cake , banana cake , brownie , fudge . Walnuts are often candied or pickled. Pickled walnuts that are the whole fruit can be savory or sweet depending on the preserving solution. Walnuts may be used as an ingredient in other foodstuffs. Walnut is an important ingredient in baklava , Circassian chicken , potica (a traditional festive pastry from Slovenia ), satsivi (chicken in walnut sauce), tarator (a summer soup in Bulgarian cuisine ), and poultry or meat ball stew from Iranian cuisine . Walnuts are also popular as an ice cream topping, and walnut pieces are used as

1280-637: A more portable model, the Minimoog , described as the most famous and influential synthesizer in history. Among Moog's honors are a Technical Grammy Award , received in 2002, and an induction into the National Inventors Hall of Fame . By 1963, Moog had been designing and selling theremins for several years while working toward a PhD in engineering physics at Cornell University . He developed his synthesizer in response to demand for more practical and affordable electronic-music equipment, guided by suggestions and requests from composers. Moog's principal innovation

1360-500: A new electronic instrument company, Big Briar. He also worked as a consultant and vice president for new product research at Kurzweil Music Systems from 1984 to 1988. In the early 1990s, he was a research professor of music at the University of North Carolina at Asheville . In 2002, he renamed Big Briar to Moog Music after retrieving the rights to the name. In later years, he continued to design electronic instruments, including

1440-474: A pitch that follows the filter cutoff frequency. The MF-101 was released by Big Briar (now Moog Music) in 1998. The MF-102 is an analog ring modulator . This moogerfooger heterodynes the dry audio signal with a carrier wave that is generated by an internal oscillator . The user can vary the frequency of the carrier oscillator from 0.6 Hz to 80 Hz on the Lo setting and from 30 Hz to 4 kHz on

1520-415: A poor businessman. Moog had pursued the development of his synthesizer as a hobby, stressing that he was regarded as a businessman but had not known what a balance sheet was. He likened the experience to a theme park ride: "You know you're not going to get hurt too badly because nobody would let you do that, but you're not quite in control." Moog only patented his filter design; David Borden , one of

1600-522: A six-waveform modulation section, a knob that added either positive or negative feedback, a jack for inserting effects into the Feedback Loop, a Tap Tempo switch, a 5 Pin DIN input for MIDI Control and dual outputs for either Mono or Stereo. The Second output had a dip switch configurable for either Stereo out (two types), Delay only out, or dual Mono out. The CP-251 is a control voltage processor that

1680-448: A voltage for external pedal control (via the ring contact). Later versions had black nuts with white rings painted on the panel. The CP-251 features an LFO with adjustable rate and square and triangle outputs, a lag processor that can alter the rise and fall of a signal, a multiple jack that passively joins four patchcords together, a white noise generator, two attenuators , a four-way mixer that can combine four signals into one, and

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1760-418: A waste product, superior natural biodegradability, and odor control as good or better than clay litter. Disadvantages include the possibility of allergic reactions among humans and cats. Walnuts have been listed as one of the 38 substances used to prepare Bach flower remedies , a herbal remedy promoted in folk medicine practices for its supposed effect on health. According to Cancer Research UK , "there

1840-469: Is designed to be used with any of the moogerfoogers or any other audio device that can be manipulated with control voltages. It does not process sound, only the voltages that control the various parameters on other audio equipment. The control voltages act as invisible hands which "turn" the knobs and controls on the other gear. The CP-251 has a total of 9 knobs and 24 quarter-inch jacks. The original CP-251 used red socket nuts to indicate connections providing

1920-472: Is enclosed in a husk . Shells of walnuts available in commerce usually have two segments (but three or four-segment shells can also form). During the ripening process, the husk becomes brittle and the shell hard. The shell encloses the kernel or meat, which is usually in two halves separated by a membranous partition. The seed kernels – commonly available as shelled walnuts – are enclosed in a brown seed coat which contains antioxidants. The antioxidants protect

2000-559: Is no scientific evidence to prove that flower remedies can control, cure or prevent any type of disease, including cancer". Large, symmetrically shaped, and sometimes intricately carved walnut shells (mainly from J. hopeiensis ) are valued collectibles in China where they are rotated in hand as a plaything or as decoration. They are also an investment and status symbol , with some carvings having high monetary value if unique. Pairs of walnuts are sometimes sold in their green husks for

2080-467: Is present in other Germanic-language words for the same nut, such as: German Walnuss , Dutch walnoot , Danish valnød , and Swedish valnöt . Walnuts, like other tree nuts, must be processed and stored properly. Poor storage makes walnuts susceptible to insect and fungal mold infestations; the latter produces aflatoxin – a potent carcinogen . A batch that contains mold-infested walnuts should be entirely discarded. The ideal temperature for

2160-516: The Daily Value , DV) of several dietary minerals , particularly manganese at 148% DV, along with significant amounts of B vitamins (table). Unlike most nuts, which are high in monounsaturated fatty acids , walnut oil is composed largely of polyunsaturated fatty acids (72% of total fats), particularly alpha-linolenic acid (14%) and linoleic acid (58%), although it does contain oleic acid as 13% of total fats (table source). In 2004,

2240-546: The RCA Mark II , had created sound from hundreds of vacuum tubes . Instead, Moog used recently available silicon transistors with an exponential relationship between input voltage and output current . With these, he created the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), which generates a waveform with a pitch that could be adjusted by changing the voltage. Similarly, he used voltage to control loudness with voltage-controlled amplifiers (VCAs). One innovative feature

2320-582: The RCA Synthesizer introduced a decade earlier, and much cheaper, at US$ 10,000, as compared to the six-figure sums of other synthesizers. Whereas the RCA Synthesizer was programmed with punchcards , Moog's synthesizer could be programmed with knobs and patch cables and played via keyboard, making it attractive to musicians. New Scientist described it as the first commercial synthesizer. At this time, Moog and then Fred Cochran constructed

2400-414: The "Lunar Whitewash Editions" because of their characteristic appearance being somewhat similar to that of the spacecraft that NASA used for their Lunar excursions. In late March 2005 Moog Music's website announced a new moogerfooger as an April Fool's Day joke. The moogerfooger 4'33" supposedly had only one button, which would silence any inputs for exactly 4 minutes and 33 seconds. The name and function of

2480-456: The 110 Hz filter was changed to a low-pass filter . The gain of each filter is further controlled by an envelope that is triggered by any of a number of preset animation sequences . The user can select one of 24 animation patterns. Rhythmic variations can be created by adjusting the levels of the filters, speed of animation, and envelope amount. Moog Music upgraded the MF-105 by combining

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2560-570: The ADSR envelope shape), and Wendy Carlos . His other early customers included choreographer and composer Alwin Nikolais and composer John Cage . Universities established electronic music studios with Moog synthesizers. In 1970, Moog released the portable fixed-architecture Minimoog , described as the most famous and influential synthesizer in history. Though commentators have praised Moog's engineering abilities, some have also described him as

2640-545: The Bob Moog Foundation, to Cornell University . The foundation offered her $ 100,000 but Grams-Moog would not sell the archives. She felt that Cornell could provide better access for researchers and that the foundation had not made enough progress toward a planned museum to be worthy of maintaining the collection. The foundation responded that it had sufficiently preserved the collection and had made efforts to improve storage, although it could not yet afford to build

2720-643: The California black walnut (often used as a rootstock for commercial propagation of J. regia ), J. cinerea (butternuts), and J. major , the Arizona walnut. Other sources list J. californica californica as native to southern California, and Juglans californica hindsii , or just J. hindsii , as native to northern California; in at least one case, these are given as "geographic variants" instead of subspecies (Botanica). Numerous walnut cultivars have been developed commercially, which are nearly all hybrids of

2800-621: The English walnut. During the Byzantine era , the walnut was also known by the name "royal nut". An article on walnut tree cultivation in Spain is included in Ibn al-'Awwam 's 12th-century Book on Agriculture . The wal element in the name is Germanic and means foreign , especially in the sense of Latin or non-Germanic . Compare, for example, Wales , Walloons , Wallachia . The wal element

2880-614: The Gearfest trade show. These had the words 'Super Delay Small Batch' hand-written on the Black painted metal casing rather than the standard silk screened White paint. Better known as the MuRF , the MF-105 or Multiple Resonance Filter Array is an original effects processor, designed by Bob Moog in 2004. The MuRF has 8 band-pass filters whose levels are controlled by 8 sliders which resemble

2960-525: The Hi setting. The MF-102 also features an independent low frequency oscillator (LFO) that changes the frequency of the carrier oscillator. The user can select between two LFO waveshapes, either a square or sine -like (really a triangle ) wave. The frequency range of the LFO was continuously variable from 0.1 Hz (one cycle every ten seconds) to 25 Hz. The user can also vary the amount, if any at all, which

3040-518: The LFO affects the carrier frequency . Like the MF-101, the MF-102 was released in 1998. The MF-103 is an analog twelve stage phaser . The user can control the "sweep" which moves the phaser's frequency response , yielding the classic phaser "whooshing" sound. The user can switch to 6-stage mode to produce a subtle change in harmonic response. The user can also control the phaser's resonance, changing

3120-427: The MF-101, MF-102, MF-103 and MF-104. The plugins allowed the user to replicate the effects of the moogerfoogers while editing or processing digital audio on their computer. In 2022, Moog Music developed new audio plugins based on seven of the moogerfoogers: MF-101, MF-102, MF-103, MF-104, MF-105, MF-107 and MF-108. The plugins were released as AAX, VST3, and AU for DAWs on Windows and Mac. In addition to replicating

3200-520: The MF-104 called the MF-104MSD which stood for Super Delay. These also had the same modulation features as the 104-M, including the same MIDI control, Tap Tempo, Spillover Mode but like the 104Z they were capable of producing delay times of 1200ms (1.2 seconds). Only 560 MF-104M Super Delays were produced and made available worldwide. An additional very small production run of about 30 units were built for

3280-481: The MF-104M includes a number of customer requested feature and function upgrades. “We’re very excited about this limited release of the MF-104M,” said Moog Music CEO, Mike Adams. “Many of the parts we use to create these amazing delays are completely original and incredibly hard to find. Since this will be the last of its kind, we have gone to great lengths to incorporate features and functions requested by customers over

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3360-529: The MF-108M Cluster Flux. In comparison to the usual motif of Black painted cases with White lettering for front and rear panel graphics and stain finished wood side panels, these were in striking direct contrast, with White painted cases, Black lettering and graphics and "White-washed" wood side panels that were not completely painted over but just enough so that you could still see the wood grain show through. These units were sometimes referred to as

3440-458: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) provided a qualified health claim allowing products containing walnuts to state: "Supportive but not conclusive research shows that eating 1.5 ounces (43 g) per day of walnuts, as part of a low saturated fat and low cholesterol diet and not resulting in increased caloric intake, may reduce the risk of coronary heart disease ." At the same time,

3520-535: The ability to compress the time stream rather than expanding it like a delay pedal, which would then give musicians the ability to hear notes before they actually played them. According to Amos Gaynes of Moog Music, given the possible fictitious title of Temporal Engineer, this was discovered when they accidentally reversed the clock phasing in the time generation on the MF-104Z Analog Delay, and discovered that it can actually work in reverse, compressing

3600-810: The ability to invert the control voltage polarity as well as attenuate the amplitude. November 14, 2012 Moog Music released for a limited amount of time special order White-on-White versions of all the currently available Moogerfoogers which included the MF-101 Lowpass Filter, the MF-102 Ring Modulator, the MF-103 12 Stage Phaser, the MF-104M Analog Delay, the MF-105M MIDI MuRF, the MF-107 FreqBox and

3680-575: The accident and the discontinuation of walnut shells as a cleaning agent. Commercially, crushed walnut shells are still used outside of aviation for low-abrasive, less-toxic cleaning and blasting applications. In the oil and gas industry, deep bed filters of ground walnut shell are used for "polishing" (filtering) oily contaminates from water. At least two companies, LitterMaid and Naturally Fresh, make cat litter from ground walnut shells. Advantages cited over conventional clay litter include environmental sustainability of using what would otherwise be

3760-486: The agency refused to authorize the claim that "Diets including walnuts can reduce the risk of heart disease" and in 2010, it sent a warning letter to Diamond Foods stating there is "not sufficient evidence to identify a biologically active substance in walnuts that reduces the risk of coronary heart disease." In 2011, a scientific panel for the European Food Safety Authority recommended

3840-444: The carpel; this means it cannot be a drupe but is instead a drupe-like nut. After full ripening, the shell is discarded, and the kernel is eaten. Nuts of the eastern black walnut ( Juglans nigra ) and butternuts ( Juglans cinerea ) are less commonly consumed. Walnuts are the round, single-seed stone fruits of the walnut tree. They ripen between September and November in the northern hemisphere. The brown, wrinkly walnut shell

3920-517: The control panel for the FreqBox contains a VCO which has two knobs to control frequency and waveshape. The waveshape is continuously variable from triangle wave to sawtooth wave to square wave to pulse wave . There is a hard sync on/off switch that turns on hard syncing the VCO signal with the input signals frequency. The amplitude of the VCO is controlled by the amplitude of the input signal. On

4000-401: The delay unit, allowing processing of the echos as they are being generated. As with most analog delay processors, a desirable warmth of sound is created by the increasing natural decay of the original audio signal through the continuation of echoes. Released in 2000, the MF-104 was manufactured in a limited edition of 1000 units. A special " bucket brigade delay chip " was employed to allow

4080-485: The effect of walnut supplementation on blood pressure found insufficient evidence to support walnut consumption as a blood pressure-lowering strategy. As of 2021 , the relationship between walnut consumption and cognitive health is inconclusive. Walnut meats are available in two forms: in their shells or de-shelled. Due to processing, the meats may be whole, halved, or in smaller portions. All walnuts can be eaten on their own (raw, toasted, or pickled), or as part of

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4160-553: The effect to be completely analog; however, the supply of these chips was limited. The final units were sold in 2001 and the MF-104 Analog Delay remains the most sought-after of the moogerfoogers. In 2005, Moog Music announced the planned re-release of the MF-104, dubbed the MF-104Z. The new pedal will have the same functions as the original, but will feature a longer possible delay time (slightly longer than 1 second). At

4240-491: The effects, they included digital CV so moogerfooger plug-ins could be connected to each other like the original hardware. Walnut A walnut is the edible seed of any tree of the genus Juglans (family Juglandaceae ), particularly the Persian or English walnut, Juglans regia . They are accessory fruit because the outer covering of the fruit is technically an involucre and thus not morphologically part of

4320-529: The ellagitannin, pedunculagin . Regiolone has been isolated with juglone, betulinic acid and sitosterol from the stem bark of J. regia . The three species of walnuts most commonly grown for their seeds are the Persian (or English) walnut ( J. regia ), originating from Iran, the black walnut ( J. nigra ) – native to eastern North America – and the Japanese walnut, also known as the heartnut ( J. ailantifolia ). Other species include J. californica ,

4400-502: The even-numbered filters are sent to the right channel. This allows for the spreading of a sound's frequencies between two speakers. Moog also released Pattern editing software for the MF-105 which users can run on their home computers to create their own Animations that could be loaded into the unit. The MIDI MuRF Pattern Editor is available for download free of charge from Moog Music. It provides easy access to parameters only available through MIDI CC commands. Saving and storing patterns on

4480-581: The extended storage of walnuts is −3 to 0 °C (27 to 32 °F) with low humidity for industrial and home storage. However, such refrigeration technologies are unavailable in developing countries where walnuts are produced in large quantities; walnuts are best stored below 25 °C (77 °F) with low humidity. Temperatures above 30 °C (86 °F) and humidity levels above 70 percent can lead to rapid and high spoilage losses. Above 75 percent humidity threshold, fungal molds that release aflatoxin can form. In 2022, world production of walnuts (in shell)

4560-617: The first users of the Minimoog, felt that if Moog had patented his pitch wheel design, he would have become extremely wealthy. According to Sound on Sound , if Moog had created a monopoly on other synthesizer ideas that he created, such as modularity, envelope generation and voltage control, "it's likely the synth industry as we know it today would never have happened." Beginning in 1971, Moog Music absorbed investors, merged with Norlin Musical Instruments and moved to "less than ideal" premises near Buffalo, New York , amid

4640-718: The hands over radio antennae . In 1949, at the age of 14, he built a theremin from plans printed in Electronics World . He graduated from the Bronx High School of Science in 1952. He earned a Bachelor of Science in physics from Queens College of the City University of New York in 1955, and a Bachelor of Science in electrical engineering from the Columbia University School of Engineering and Applied Science under

4720-570: The height and sharpness of the phaser's frequency response peaks. Like the MF-102, the MF-103 has an independent LFO, however in this instance it is used to vary the "sweep" parameter. In addition to a normal audio output, the MF-103 had 2nd Auxiliary output that was fed by an inverted instance of the Phase shifted signal. By utilizing both outputs in Stereo, some parts of the sound spectrum would be coming from one speaker and other parts would be coming from

4800-457: The last 12 years. The MF-104M delivers those rich, creamy, classic delays Moog is renowned for, but also has the ability to modulate the delay time and create effects not found in any other analog delay." The MF-104M recreates the sound of the original MF-104. It uses 4 MN3008s, which provide 800ms of analog delay. A new 6 Waveshape LFO significantly expands the sonic capabilities of this Classic Analog Delay. The MF-104M incorporates Spillover Mode,

4880-566: The most popular modification to the Classic MF-104. A Tap Tempo switch lets users quickly tap in delay times or LFO rates, and MIDI capability allows control over every function. The rear panel contains ports for additional pedal inputs, to control other parameters. Following their August 2018 discontinuation, Moog Music have made limited reissues available of their MF-104M pedals from time to time as they gather and acquire batches of MN3008 chips. Moog Music did release yet another version of

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4960-599: The museum. In August 2019, the Bob Moog Foundation opened the Moogseum, a museum dedicated to Moog's work, in Asheville, North Carolina. The displays include rare theremins, prototype synthesizer modules and Moog's documents. Moog has been the subject of books about his life and work, including the 2004 book Analog Days: The Invention and Impact of the Moog Synthesizer by Trevor Pinch and Frank Trocco and

5040-533: The oil-rich seed from atmospheric oxygen, preventing rancidity . Walnut trees are late to grow leaves , typically not doing so until more than halfway through the spring. Walnut hulls contain diverse phytochemicals , such as polyphenols , that stain hands and can cause skin irritation. Seven phenolic compounds, including ferulic acid , vanillic acid , coumaric acid , syringic acid , myricetin , and juglone , were identified in walnut husks; juglone had concentrations of 2-4% fresh weight. Walnuts also contain

5120-447: The other speaker. As the LFO modulates the phaser, the sound takes on a swirling spacial effect. The MF-103 was released in 1999. The MF-104 is a completely analog delay . The effect allows the musician a delay time between 40 milliseconds and .8 seconds. However the most remarkable feature is the use of an internal/external feedback loop . The feedback loop from the MF-104 can be routed through another effects processor and back into

5200-434: The rear of the pedal using 1/4" jacks . The MF-101 is an independent analog low-pass filter . Based on the amplitude of the dry audio signal, an envelope is generated. This envelope alters the filter's cutoff frequency and its amount is variable. Knobs also allow controlling of the filter's frequency (from 20 Hz to 12 kHz) and resonance . The resonance can be increased to the point of self-feedback producing

5280-504: The right hand side there are three knobs. A mix knob to mix the level of input signal with the level of the VCO signal, an FM Amount knob that allows the input signal to modulate the VCO with frequency modulation , and an Env. Amount knob that sets an envelope to the frequency modulation. June 15, 2011 Moog Music announced the release of the Cluster Flux which was a signal processor that produced flanging and chorusing effects. It had

5360-491: The rights to the name. In later years, Moog taught at the University of North Carolina at Asheville and continued designing instruments for the revived Moog Music. He died at the age of 71 in Asheville from a brain tumor. Robert Moog was born at Flushing Hospital in New York City on May 23, 1934. His father was George Conrad Moog, of German descent. His mother was Shirley (Jacobs) Moog, of Polish-Jewish descent. He

5440-457: The same time, the MF-104SD was released in a limited edition of 250 units. The MF-104SD had a maximum delay time of 1.4 seconds, slightly longer than the MF-104Z. In June 2012, Moog Music Inc. released the fourth and final version of their Moogerfooger Analog Delay, the MF-104M. The new MF-104M Analog Delay utilizes the same vintage Bucket Brigade chips found in the Classic MF-104. In addition,

5520-521: The so-called Moogtonium for the composer Max Brand. It is still operational and exhibited in the Langenzersdorf_Museum near Vienna (Austria). Moog described himself as a toolmaker designing things for his users, not himself. His development was driven by requests and suggestions from various musicians, including Deutsch (who devised the instrument's keyboard interface), Richard Teitelbaum , Vladimir Ussachevsky (credited with devising

5600-613: The time stream instead of expanding it. According to Moog, however, in a Consumer Product Safety Warning, customers should not attempt to reverse the clock phasing of the time generation circuit on their MF-104Z Delay to mimic the capabilities of the MF-106TC Analog Time Compressor, because without the factory-installed flux capacitor added, a standard MF-104Z will be seriously damaged. In 2000 , digital effects recording studio Bomb Factory worked with Bob Moog to develop music plugins for Pro Tools based on

5680-421: The time, synthesizers were enormous, room-filling instruments; Moog hoped to build a more compact synthesizer that would appeal to musicians. He believed that practicality and affordability were the most important parameters. In 1964, Moog began creating the Moog modular synthesizer. It was composed of separate modules that created and shaped sounds, connected by patch cords . Previous synthesizers, such as

5760-470: The two units into one box where the user could switch between having the 8 resonant filter sliders to operate either in the range of the MF-105B or the MF-105. This new version also had MIDI control and was released as the MF-105M MIDI MuRF. The unit has two outputs for either Mono or Stereo operation. When both the left and right output jacks are used, the odd-numbered filters are sent to the left channel, and

5840-486: The unit was a reference to John Cage's famous composition 4′33″ . In late March 2007 Gizmodo.com ran an article announcing the Moogerfooger MF/FM. Pictured was an effect pedal modeled after the classic Moogerfooger design with a linear FM Tuner and a Green rocker switch. The device supposedly was able to lock into FM radio frequencies to create sounds weirder than ever before. The April 1st availability date

5920-523: Was 3.9 million tonnes , with China contributing 36% of the total (table). Other significant producers (in the order of decreasing harvest) were the United States, Iran , and Turkey . English walnuts without shells are 4% water, 15% protein , 65% fat, and 14% carbohydrates , including 7% dietary fiber (table). In a reference amount of 100 g (3.5 oz), walnuts provide 654 kilocalories (2,740 kJ) and rich contents (20% or more of

6000-757: Was a giveaway that this was just another April Fool's Day joke. In theory however, if the device did exist it could have operated as described. Aleatory or chance operations were tools that 20th Century Music composers would use in their pieces to introduce random elements or "found objects" into performances of their works. Radio broadcasts in particular were largely unpredictable, plus they added elements of noise, static and different signals fading in and out as you would tune into different stations that would be used as texture in these pieces. The joke alludes to works by composers like Karlheinz Stockhausen , whose compositions Kurzwellen and Hymnen incorporate sounds from Short Wave Radio broadcasts. In popular music The Beatles used

6080-513: Was its envelope , which controls how notes swell and fade. According to the Guardian , Moog's 1964 paper Voltage-Controlled Music Modules , in which he proposed the Moog synthesizer modules, invented the modern concept of the analog synthesizer . Moog debuted the instrument at the 1964 Audio Engineering Society convention in New York. It was much smaller than other synthesizers, such as

6160-459: Was on his transistor ladder filter design; commentators have speculated that he would have become extremely wealthy had he patented his other innovations, but that their availability in the public domain helped the synthesizer industry flourish. In 1971, Moog sold Moog Music to Norlin Musical Instruments , where he remained as a designer until 1977. In 1978, he founded the company Big Briar, and in 2002 he renamed it Moog Music after reacquiring

6240-515: Was raised in Flushing , Queens . When he was a boy, Moog's mother forced him to study the piano. He was active in the Boy Scouts , and especially enjoyed spending time with his father, a Consolidated Edison engineer , visiting Manhattan 's Radio Row and working on radio and electronics projects. He became fascinated by the theremin , an electronic instrument controlled by moving

6320-645: Was survived by his second wife Ileana, four children, one stepdaughter and five grandchildren. Moog has had a lasting influence on music. The BBC describes him as a pioneer of synthesized sound. According to the Guardian , his inventions "changed the complexion of the pop and classical music worlds." Moog's name became so associated with electronic music that it was sometimes used as a generic term for any synthesizer. Moog's awards include honorary doctorates from Polytechnic Institute of New York University ( New York City ), Lycoming College ( Williamsport, Pennsylvania ) and Berklee College of Music . He received

6400-413: Was the voltage-controlled oscillator , which uses voltage to control pitch . He also introduced fundamental synthesizer concepts such as modularity , envelope generation and the pitch wheel . He is credited with introducing synthesizers to a wider audience and influencing the development of popular music . Moog pursued his work as a hobby, and he is regarded as a poor businessman. His only patent

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