Misplaced Pages

#515484

30-688: Mazraa or Mazra'a may refer to: Places [ edit ] Syria [ edit ] Al-Mazraa, Syria , a town in southern Syria in the Al-Suwayda Governorate Lebanon [ edit ] Corniche el Mazraa, Street in Beirut Mazraa, a town in Lebanon Mazraat El Chouf , a town and area in Chouf District , Lebanon Mazraa ,

60-649: A vali (governor) still appointed by the Sublime Porte but with new provincial assemblies participating in administration. In 1872 Jerusalem and the surrounding towns became the Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem , gaining a special administrative status. From 1872 until World War I subdivisions of Ottoman Syria were: The sanjak Zor and the major part of the vilayet Aleppo may or may not be included in Ottoman Syria. The Geographical Dictionary of

90-604: A Palestinian town near Ramallah Al-Mazra'a al-Qibliya , a Palestinian village, now part of Al-Zaitounah town in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate Al-Muzayri'a , a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict Other [ edit ] Battle of al-Mazraa Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Mazraa . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

120-721: A commercial district in Beirut , Lebanon Mazraat Al Toufah , a village in Zgharta District, Lebanon Mazraat En Nahr , a village in Zgharta District, Lebanon Israel [ edit ] Mazra'a , a local council in the western Galilee el-Mazra'a, or Mizra , ancient site in the Jezreel Valley also called Hirbat el Mizra Khirbet el Mazra'a, locality in the Upper Galilee now Zar'it Palestine [ edit ] Al-Mazra'a ash-Sharqiya ,

150-469: A fixed tax-rate of 20% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, summer crops, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues; the taxes totalled 5,500 akçe . In the mid-19th-century, al-Mazraa was described by Irish missionary Josias Leslie Porter as a "small ruined village ... beside which there is a large fountain." It was inhabited by Ghawr Arabs who encamped at the site. Porter described as-Sijn as "a small Druze village situated on

180-420: A low hill, contains some old houses of great solidity." In 1838, as-Sijn was noted by American scholars and missionaries Eli Smith and Edward Robinson as a mixed Muslim and Melkite (Greek Catholic) village while al-Mazraa was a khirba (ruined, uninhabited village). At some point in the middle to late 19th century, Druze peasants from Jabal Hauran captured as-Sijn and other Muslim-majority villages in

210-629: A site called "al-Mazraa", which means "the farm" in Arabic, was situated nearby to the southeast. A stone with an inscription dating from 179/80 CE. has been found in the town. Although the inscription dates from the Roman era in Syria , there is no other indication that the immediate region surrounding as-Sijn was part of the Roman province of Arabia Petraea at the time, and historian Glen Bowersock suggests

240-627: The Battle of Ridanieh , bringing an end to the Mamluk Sultanate. When he first seized Syria in 1516, Selim I kept the administrative subdivisions of the Mamluk period unchanged. After he came back from Egypt in July 1517, he reorganized Syria into one large province or eyalet named Şam (Arabic/Turkish for "Syria"). The eyalet was subdivided into several districts or sanjaks . In 1549, Syria

270-582: The Eyalet of Beirut . In 1833, the Syrian provinces were ceded to Muhammed Ali of Egypt in the Convention of Kutahya . The firman stated that "The governments of Candia and Egypt are continued to Mahomet Ali. And in reference to his special claim, I have granted him the provinces of Damascus, Tripoli-in-Syria, Sidon, Saphet, Aleppo, the districts of Jerusalem and Nablous, with the conduct of pilgrims and

300-812: The Hauran plain and drove out their inhabitants. During the Druze revolt against the Ottomans to protest conscription into the Ottoman army, Ottoman general Mustafa Pasha led his army to as-Sijn where he faced the forces of Ismail al-Atrash , the Druze chieftain. Although Atrash's men inflicted heavy casualties on Mustafa Pasha's army, the Ottomans eventually captured the town after receiving reinforcements. Consequently, in October 1862 al-Atrash negotiated an agreement with

330-687: The Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem was split from the Syria Vilayet into an autonomous administration with special status. Before 1516, Syria was part of the Mamluk Empire centered in Lower Egypt . The Ottoman Sultan Selim I conquered Syria in 1516 after defeating the Mamlukes at the Battle of Marj Dabiq near Aleppo in northern Syria. Selim carried on his victorious campaign against the Mamlukes and conquered Egypt in 1517 following

SECTION 10

#1732783886516

360-719: The Taurus Mountains . Ottoman Syria became organized by the Ottomans upon conquest from the Mamluk Sultanate in the early 16th century as a single eyalet (province) of Damascus Eyalet . In 1534, the Aleppo Eyalet was split into a separate administration. The Tripoli Eyalet was formed out of Damascus province in 1579 and later the Adana Eyalet was split from Aleppo. In 1660, the Eyalet of Safed

390-552: The "Double Kaymakamate ", the former regime based on religious rule that led to civil war, into the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate , governed by a mutasarrıf who, according to law, had to be a non-Lebanese Christian. As part of the Tanzimat reforms, an Ottoman law passed in 1864 provided for a standard provincial administration throughout the empire with the eyalets becoming smaller vilayets , governed by

420-579: The French Army into full retreat and the battle turned into a rout. The victory at al-Mazraa was a turning point in the course of the rebellion, inspiring Syrian nationalists in the country's capital and the countryside to join the Druze in their revolt. Syria became independent in 1946. During the 1950s, the Ba'ath Party emerged as an influential force in Syrian politics, and one of the members of its Military Committee , Lieutenant Colonel Mazydad al-Hunaydi,

450-560: The Ottoman authorities, whereby al-Atrash would collect taxes from the Druze and Bedouins of the Hauran on behalf of the authorities in return for Druze exemption from conscription . In 1879, armed confrontations between the Muslims of Busra al-Harir and the Druze of Jabal Hauran was used an opportunity by the Muslims of the Hauran plain to press the Ottoman authorities to force the Druze withdrawal from sixteen formerly Muslim villages in

480-481: The Sanjaks of Aleppo , Adana , Marash , Aintab , and Urfa . The Eyalet of Tripoli included the Sanjaks of Tripoli , Latakia , Hama and Homs . The Eyalet of Damascus included the Sanjaks of Damascus , Beirut, Sidon ( Sidon-Beirut ), Acre , Safad , Nablus , Jerusalem , Gaza , Hauran and Ma'an . In 1660, the Eyalet of Safad was established. It was later renamed the Eyalet of Sidon , and later,

510-843: The World, published in 1906, describes Syria as: "a country in the [south-west] part of Asia, forming part of the Turkish Empire. It extends eastward from the Mediterranean Sea to the river Euphrates and the Syrian Desert (the prolongation northward of the Arabian Desert), and southward from the Alma-Dagh (ancient Amanus), one of the ranges of the Taurus , to the frontiers of Egypt (Isthmus of Suez) It lies between

540-656: The commandment of the Tcherde (the yearly offering to the tomb of the Prophet). His son, Ibrahim Pacha, has again the title of Sheikh and Harem of Mekka, and the district of Jedda; and farther, I have acquiesced in his request to have the district of Adana ruled by the Treasury of Taurus, with the title of Mohassil." In this period, the Sublime Porte's firmans (decrees) of 1839 and, more decisively, of 1856 – equalizing

570-536: The emergence of a Christian-dominated Lebanon in the 1920s – 40s and the deep fissure between Christian and Muslim Palestinian Arabs as they confronted the Zionist influx after World War I." Following the massacre of thousands of Christian civilians during the 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus , and under growing European pressure, mainly from France, an Ottoman edict issued in 1861 transformed

600-407: The government. As-Sijn was destroyed by Ottoman forces under the command of Sami Faruqi Pasha during the 1910 Druze revolt . The Ottomans were driven out of Syria by Arab and British forces in 1918, during World War I . Sometime after its destruction in 1910, the village was restored and in 1919 it had an estimated population of 800 Druze, 100 Christians and 20 Muslims. Al-Mazraa near as-Sijn

630-476: The inscription was on "a wandering stone which had made its way to Sijn from some other place that was actually within the province of Arabia". In 1596 the village appeared under the name of "Sijni" in the Ottoman tax registers as part of the nahiya (subdistrict) of Bani Nasiyya in the qadaa of Hauran . It had an all Muslim population, consisting of thirty-nine households and eleven bachelors. They paid

SECTION 20

#1732783886516

660-418: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mazraa&oldid=1255810511 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Al-Mazraa, Syria The modern town was formerly known as "as-Sijn", and

690-503: The parallels of 31° and 37° [north latitude]. It comprises the vilayet of Syria (Suria) , or of Damascus, the vilayet of Beirut, the [south-west] part of the vilayet of Aleppo, and the mutessarrifliks of Jerusalem and the Lebanon. Palestine is included in [the country] Syria, comprising the mutessarriflik of Jerusalem and part of the vilayets of Beirut and Syria. The designation Syria is sometimes used in wider sense so as to include

720-460: The plain. The authorities accepted the request and consequently, a peace arrangement was made between the local Muslims and Druze, whereby the latter would withdraw from the plain villages. However, the Druze ultimately did not withdraw from ten of the plain villages, among which was as-Sijn. By 1888, a large Ottoman garrison was established in al-Mazraa in a bid to keep the frequently rebelling Druze clans in check and force their total submission to

750-563: The status of Muslim and non-Muslim subjects – produced a dramatic alienation of Muslims from Christians. In the words of one writer, "The former resented the implied loss of superiority and recurrently assaulted and massacred Christian communities – in Aleppo in 1850, in Nablus in 1856, and in Damascus and Lebanon in 1860. Among the long-term consequences of these bitter internecine conflicts were

780-658: The whole of the vilayet of Aleppo and the Zor Sanjak , a large part of Mesopotamia being thus added." About Syria in 1915, a British report says: "The term Syria in those days was generally used to denote the whole of geographical and historic Syria, that is to say the whole of the country lying between the Taurus Mountains and the Sinai Peninsula, which was made up of part of the Vilayet of Aleppo,

810-682: Was born in as-Sijn. As-Sijn was eventually renamed "al-Mazraa" in honor of the 1925 battle. Ottoman Syria Ottoman Syria ( Arabic : سوريا العثمانية ) is a historiographical term used to describe the group of divisions of the Ottoman Empire within the region of Levant , usually defined as being east of the Mediterranean Sea , west of the Euphrates River , north of the Arabian Desert and south of

840-735: Was established and shortly afterwards renamed Sidon Eyalet ; in 1667, the Mount Lebanon Emirate was given special autonomous status within the Sidon province, but was abolished in 1841 and reconfigured in 1861 as the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate . The Syrian eyalets were later transformed into the Syria Vilayet , the Aleppo Vilayet and the Beirut Vilayet , following the 1864 Tanzimat reforms. Finally, in 1872,

870-399: Was reorganized into two eyalets. The northern Sanjak of Aleppo became the center of the new Eyalet of Aleppo. At this time, the two Syrian Eyalets were subdivided as follows: In 1579, the Eyalet of Tripoli was established under the name of Tripoli of Syria ( Turkish : Trablusşam ; Arabic : طرابلس الشام ). At this time, the eyalets became as follows: The Eyalet of Aleppo included

900-542: Was the site of the Battle of al-Mazraa during the Great Syrian Revolt against the French occupation . The French forces , under the leadership of General Roger Michaud, consisted of five battalions of infantry, three squadrons of cavalry, in addition to armored cars and artillery. They were attacked, on 2 August 1925, by 500 Druze and Bedouin horsemen, led by Sultan Pasha al-Atrash . The rebel assault forced

#515484