41-420: Neil Joseph Stephen Fraser (born 27 March 1955, Georgetown , Guyana) known by his stage-name Mad Professor , is a British dub music producer, engineer and remixer. He has collaborated with reggae artists Lee "Scratch" Perry , Sly and Robbie , Pato Banton , Jah Shaka and Horace Andy , as well as artists outside the realm of traditional reggae and dub, such as Sade , Massive Attack , The Orb , Gaudi ,
82-653: A double stairway facing Carmichael Street, which stood on two-metre (eight feet)-high brick pillars". Additional improvements were made to the building in the early 20th century, and the entrance was relocated to Main Street It was the residence of the Governor General and in 1970, the country's first president, Arthur Chung , resided there. Former presidents Forbes Burnham and Hugh Desmond Hoyte resided instead in Castellani House , which now houses
123-401: A large fire (The Great Fire) broke out in the city, causing widespread damage. Georgetown is located on Guyana's Atlantic coast on the east bank of Demerara River estuary. The terrain in this part of the country where the city is located is flat coastal plains. The city is surrounded by a blanket of cane fields along with marshy swamps, and savannah lands on its east and south. The elevation of
164-660: A number of exclusive gated communities. Bel Air Park, Bel Air Gardens, Lamaha Gardens and Bel Air Springs are well known ultimately as places for the rich and powerful. North of Georgetown lies Main Street, where the head of state's official residence as well as the Ministry of Finance. East of Georgetown stretches towards the Avenue of the Republic, where Georgetown's city hall building is located, and St. George's Cathedral. Also on
205-467: A version of I&I for New Zealand reggae band Katchafire , three versions for New Zealand electronic group Salmonella Dub and twelve remixes for Japanese musician Ayumi Hamasaki . A second remix album with Massive Attack is slated for release in 2018 Georgetown, Guyana Georgetown is the capital and largest city of Guyana . It is situated in Demerara-Mahaica , region 4, on
246-535: Is also the host facility for the equally famous Stabroek markets. Regent Street is considered Georgetown's premier shopping district and Sheriff Street is the main entertainment area containing most of the city's clubs, bars and restaurants. The south end incorporates communities of neighbourhoods along the eastern bank of the Demerara River such as Sophia , Roxanne Burnham Gardens, Albouystown, and Agricola. Those are well known and highly regarded poor areas of
287-580: Is home to a seaport . The Demerara River is navigable by oceangoing vessels up to roughly 100 km upriver. Georgetown recorded a population of 118,363 in the 2012 Guyanese census, down 12 percent from the 134,497 people counted in the 2002 census. In 2002, about 70,962 (53%) listed themselves as Black/African ; 31,902 (24%) as mixed ; 26,542 (20%) as East Indian ; 1,441 (1.1%) as Amerindian ; 1,075 (0.8%) as Portuguese ; 475 (0.35%) as Chinese ; 2,265 (1.7%) as "don't know/not stated"; 196 (0.15%) as white not of Portuguese descent; 35 as "other". Georgetown
328-517: Is laid out in a north–south, east–west grid, interlaced with canals protected by kokers (sluices), built by the Dutch and later the British that provide drainage to a city that lies 0.91 m (3 ft) below high-tide level. A long seawall helps prevent flooding. The city has numerous boulevards and contains many wooden colonial buildings and markets. Most of the main buildings are centred around
369-645: The Atlantic Ocean coast, at the mouth of the Demerara River . It is nicknamed the "Garden City of the Caribbean." It is the retail, administrative, and financial services centre of the country, and the city accounts for a large portion of Guyana's GDP. The city recorded a population of 118,363 in the 2012 census. All executive departments of Guyana's government are located in the city, including Parliament Building , Guyana's Legislative Building and
410-767: The Guyana National Art Gallery . In 1992, Dr. Cheddi Jagan , after being elected president, moved into State House and since then it has served as the official residence of the President of Guyana. This building is a collection of additions, but there are a few distinctive characteristics such as the Georgian six-paned windows and the Demerara windows . To its east is Promenade Gardens (across Carmichael Street). The building has been designated as one of Guyana's 9 national monuments. A repainting of
451-781: The Museum of African Heritage located in Bel Air Park. Georgetown hosted the CaribeBasket , the top international basketball tournament for countries in the Caribbean in 1981, 1988 and 1994. Georgetown's theatre scene is dominantly concentrated on the stages of the National Cultural Centre . Plays are also staged at the theatre guild of Guyana. This is the oldest theatrical performance facility in Guyana. It
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#1732798476016492-476: The botanical garden . Power is supplied by the state-owned and controlled Guyana Power and Light . Water supply and sanitation in Guyana is handled by state-owned Guyana Water Incorporated. Georgetown has several sister cities , as designated by Sister Cities International : State House, Guyana State House (formerly Government House ) located in Georgetown , is the official residence of
533-425: The president of Guyana . It was previously the official residence of the governor of British Guiana before the colony gained independence and became Guyana . The original structure was built in 1823 on a small piece of land belonging to the first Anglican Bishop to British Guiana, William Piercy Austin . It was then purchased by the British government in 1853, and described as "a two-storey timber structure with
574-476: The Brazilian DJ Marcelinho da Lua , Grace Jones , and Perry Farrell . Fraser became known as Mad Professor as a boy due to his fascination with electronics. He emigrated from Guyana to London at the age of 13 and later began his music career as a service technician. He gradually collected recording and mixing equipment, and in 1979 opened his own four-track recording studio, Ariwa Sounds, in
615-630: The Court of Appeals, Guyana's highest judicial court. The State House (the official residence of the head of state), as well as the offices and residence of the head of government, are both located in the city. The Secretariat of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) , an international organization with 15 memberstates and five partners, is also based in Georgetown. Georgetown is also known for its British colonial architecture, including
656-586: The Magistrate's Court, St. Andrew's Kirk (1818) and Independence Arch. The northern area of the city near the Atlantic coast contains Splashmins Fun Park , Fort William Frederick, a park and the Umana Yana , a conical thatched building built by Wai-Wai Amerindians using traditional techniques. It was built for the 1972 Non-Aligned Foreign Ministers Conference . The Umana Yana burnt down in 2010 but
697-650: The albums. Although early releases were not big sellers among reggae buyers, the mid-1980s saw this change with releases from Sandra Cross ( Country Life ), Johnny Clarke, Peter Culture, Pato Banton, and Macka B ( Sign of the Times ). Fraser moved again, this time to South Norwood , where he set up what was the largest black-owned studio complex in the UK, where he recorded lovers rock tracks by Cross, John McLean, and Kofi , and attracted Jamaican artists including Bob Andy and Faybiene Miranda. He teamed up with Lee "Scratch" Perry for
738-403: The board were bound to serve for two years, or suffer a penalty of 1,000 guilders. The Board of Police was abolished when an ordinance was passed to establish a mayor and town council. Georgetown gained official city status on 24 August 1842 during the reign of Queen Victoria . The names of Georgetown's wards and streets reflect the influence of the Dutch, French, and British who administered
779-512: The city. Some areas such as Houston Estates, Ruimvelt and Thirst Park have retained high levels of affluence. Armed robberies occur regularly in Georgetown, especially in businesses and shopping districts. Particularly high crime areas of Georgetown include Tiger Bay, Albouystown, Sophia, all of south Georgetown, Buxton and Agricola. Robberies are a daily occurrence in the Stabroek Market area. A number of assaults have taken place in
820-414: The districts. The board met monthly but what was discussed is not on the records between 1825 and 1837. Newspapers in the colony were prohibited by law from reporting public matters. The post of Commissary of Police was not regarded as important. People elected to the board invariably declined to attend meetings and never gave reasons for their refusal. It was, therefore, decided that individuals elected to
861-481: The east side is Brickdam, which is the single most concentrated area of executive departments and agencies. The Ministries of Health, Education, Home Affairs, Housing and Water are all located on Brickdam. West of Stabroek Market is the Port of Georgetown, the largest and busiest shipping point in Guyana. Stabroek Market itself contains the Ministry of Labour as well as the Ministry of Human Services and Social Security. It
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#1732798476016902-783: The first time in 1983 for the recording of the album Mystic Warrior (1989). Mad Professor has created 12 instalments of the Dub Me Crazy series and 5 albums under the Black Liberation Dub banner. The following is a partial discography of his original releases including collaborations with other artists and remixes. Since the 1990s he has remixed tracks by Sade , The Orb , The KLF , Beastie Boys , Jamiroquai , Rancid , Depeche Mode , Perry Farrell and Japanese pop singer Ayumi Hamasaki . In 1995 he produced No Protection , an electronic dub version of Massive Attack 's second album, Protection . He has also created
943-504: The land is one metre below the high tide level. This low elevation is protected by a retaining wall known as the seawall to keep the ocean out and an innovative network of canals with kokers to drain the city of excess water. Georgetown has a year-round hot trade-wind tropical rainforest climate ( Af ). Relative humidity fluctuates throughout the year with the highest occurring in May, June, August and December–January; these months are usually
984-559: The living room of his home in Thornton Heath . Fraser began recording lovers rock bands and vocalists for his own label (including the debut recording by Deborahe Glasgow ) and recorded his first album after moving the studio to a new location in Peckham in 1982, equipped with an eight-track setup, later expanding to sixteen. Fraser's Dub Me Crazy series of albums won the support of John Peel , who regularly aired tracks from
1025-486: The major air transportation hub for the city, which is located on the right bank of the Demerara River, 41 kilometres south of Georgetown. Closer to the city is Eugene F. Correia International Airport (formerly Ogle Airport), with a terminal facility geared to handle regional, international and inter-Caricom flights, connecting CARICOM states with the CARICOM Secretariat. Helicopters also use this airport for
1066-565: The mouth of the Demerara River for the establishment of a town which was situated between Plantations Werk-en-Rust and Vlissingen. It was the French who made it a capital city when they colonised it in 1782. The French called the capital Longchamps. When the town was restored to the Dutch in 1784, it was renamed Stabroek after Nicolaas Geelvinck , Lord of Stabroek, and president of the Dutch West India Company . Eventually
1107-436: The northern end of the city. Kingston got its name from King George of Great Britain. It was part of Pln. Eve Leary which was named after the wife or daughter of its owner, Cornelis Leary. Some of the streets of Kingston have military names because the garrison used to be located there, e.g. Parade Street, Barrack Street and Fort Street. Lacytown was another leasehold portion of Plantation Vlissengen. Luke M. Hill*states that it
1148-648: The rainiest part of the year. Between the months of September to November relative humidity is lower ushering in the drier season. Georgetown does not truly have a dry season – monthly precipitation in all 12 months is above 60 mm (2.4 in). Because of its location Georgetown's temperatures are moderated by the North-East trade winds blowing in from the North Atlantic and so it rarely sees temperatures above 31 degrees Celsius. The Cheddi Jagan International Airport (formerly Timehri Airport) acts as
1189-407: The road to the military camps, shall be called Georgetown. The ordinance provided that the various districts of Georgetown shall be known by their own names. The supervision of Georgetown was to be done by a committee chosen by the governor and Court of Policy. Estimates of expenditure were to be prepared. By 1806, the owner of Vlissingen asked to be exempted from the responsibility of maintaining
1230-406: The road which is now called Camp Street, but the Court refused the request. In 1810, the maintenance of the roads in the area called Georgetown cost 11,000 guilders per annum. The governing body of Georgetown was once a Board of Police. The Board of Police was chosen by the governor and the Court of Policy. It came into existence as the result of disputes among various organisations which controlled
1271-470: The support of offshore oil and gas exploration activities. The four-lane East Coast Highway was completed in 2005. Georgetown is served by private buses. There is a regular coach service between Georgetown and Boa Vista in Brazil . The Demerara Harbour Bridge is a major crossing point. Taxi service is available almost everywhere along the coast including in large numbers in Georgetown. Georgetown also
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1312-578: The tall painted-timber St. George's Cathedral and the iconic Stabroek Market . The city of Georgetown began as a small town in the 18th century. Originally, the capital of the Demerara-Essequibo colony was located on Borsselen Island in the Demerara River under the administration of the Dutch . When the colony was captured by the British in 1781, Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Kingston chose
1353-628: The town at different periods of history. Cummingsburg was originally named Plantation La Bourgade by its first owner, Jacques Salignac. It was laid out in streets and building lots by its second proprietor, Thomas Cuming, a Scotsman, from whom it gets its current name. He made a presentation of the Militia Parade Ground and Promenade Gardens to the town as a gift. Carmichael Street was named after General Hugh Lyle Carmichael who served as governor from 1812 to 1813. He died in March 1813 and
1394-563: The town expanded and covered the estates of Vlissingen, La Bourgade and Eve Leary to the North, and Werk-en-Rust and La Repentir to the South. It was renamed Georgetown on 29 April 1812 in honour of King George III . On 5 May 1812, an ordinance was passed to the effect that the town formerly called Stabroek, with districts extending from La Penitence to the bridges in Kingston and entering upon
1435-760: The western region of the town. Around the western-central area is Independence Square and Promenade Gardens , the Walter Roth Museum of Anthropology , the National Library (built by Andrew Carnegie ), the Bank of Guyana , Company Path Garden , the National Museum of Guyana and State House (built 1852) where the president resides, St. George's Anglican Cathedral and the Red House . The Georgetown Cenotaph , at Main and Church Streets,
1476-743: Was built in 1923. It is the site of Remembrance Day (Remembrance Sunday) services in November each year. To the south of this region is where the neo- Gothic City Hall (1889) is to be found, as well as the Victoria Law Courts (1887), the Parliament Building (1829–1834), the large Stabroek Market (1792) containing the prominent cast-iron clock tower that dominates the city sky line, the Roman Catholic Brickdam Cathedral , City Engineer House,
1517-575: Was buried in the Officers' Cemetery, Eve Leary. Water Street was so called because it ran along the riverside and formed the original river dam. High Street formed the leading road from the East Bank to the East Coast of Demerara. The part of High Street that ran through Cummingsburg was called Main Street. Camp Street received its name because it was the road which led to the camp or garrison at
1558-541: Was improved by the Board of Vlissengen Commissioners. Bourda Street and the ward of Bourda were named after Joseph Bourda, Member of the Court of Policy and former owner of Pln. Vlissengen. It was laid out by the Commissioner of Vlissengen in 1879. The Bourda Cemetery holds the remains of many citizens of Georgetown. Only those persons who owned family vaults or burial rights in the enclosed ground used it. In 1945,
1599-483: Was named after the lessee, George Lacy, who was related to the family of [ de Lacy Evans|General Sir George de Lacy Evans GCB ], a Crimean war hero. The owner of Vlissengen was Joseph Bourda, Member of the Court of Policy. After his son and heir disappeared at sea, the government claimed the property under the authority of the Vlissengen Ordinance of 1876. A new district of Bourda was laid out and Lacytown
1640-595: Was opened in 1957 and restored in 2007. The central city includes the Business district as well as the seat of the national Government. Northeastern Georgetown also has many significant business headquarters, such as for University of Guyana, Guyana Sugar Corporation , and the CARICOM Secretariat . Also here are The Cyril Potter College of Education , Guyana International Conference Centre, and Eugene F. Correia International Airport . This area also has
1681-514: Was rebuilt in 2016. The Georgetown Lighthouse is a famous landmark. The Guyana National Park is an urban park in the city. More inland, surrounded by residential neighbourhoods are the Guyana Zoo , Botanical Gardens and Castellani House . The Botanical Garden, in addition to a variety of plants, also features a manatee pond, as well as other enclosures housing felines such as jaguars, lynxes, or bobcats. The city's suburbs are also home to