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25-545: Nguyễn Thị Bình (born Nguyễn Thị Châu Sa ; 26 May 1927), also known as Madame Bình , is a South Vietnamese revolutionary leader , diplomat and politician . She became internationally known for her role as the Viet Cong (NLF)'s chief diplomat and leading its delegation to the Paris Peace Conference . The only woman among the signatories of the 1973 peace accords that ended American intervention in

50-403: A reformist is someone who supports more gradual and incremental change, often working within the system. In that sense, revolutionaries may be considered radical, while reformists are moderate by comparison. Moments which seem revolutionary on the surface may end up reinforcing established institutions. Likewise, evidently small changes may lead to revolutionary consequences in the long term. Thus

75-446: A Revolutionary : "The revolutionary is a doomed man. He has no private interests, no affairs, sentiments, ties, property nor even a name of his own. His entire being is devoured by one purpose, one thought, one passion - the revolution. Heart and soul, not merely by word but by deed, he has severed every link with the social order and with the entire civilized world; with the laws, good manners, conventions, and morality of that world. He

100-419: A living person. Sephardic Jews traditionally are encouraged to name their children after relatives, living or dead. Greek families traditionally name a child after its paternal grandparents and the second child of the same sex is named after its maternal grandparents. When a son is named after his father, "Jr."/"II", "III'", or another name suffix may be added to the name of the son (and sometimes "Sr." or

125-490: A prior number to the father's name), in order to distinguish between individuals, especially if both father and son become famous, as in the case of poet Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. and his son, Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. , an associate justice of the United States Supreme Court . Sometimes the "Jr." or "Sr." suffix is applied even when the child's legal name differs from that of the parent. One example

150-484: A relative, friend, or well-known person is a common practice in the English-speaking world. Continued practise of naming a child after the parent or grandparent may result in several relatives (e.g. cousins) being namesakes of each other despite not having been named after each other. Among Ashkenazi Jews , it is customary to name a child after a dead relative, such as the child's grandparent, but never after

175-416: A society, overthrowing the government through the rising to power of the class they represent. After destructing the old order, revolutionaries help build a new government that adheres to the emerging social relationships that have been made possible by the advanced productive forces." Namesake A namesake is a person, geographic location, or other entity bearing the name of another. The word

200-570: A soft felt hat with a center crease, which became known popularly as a "fedora". Several United States military aircraft have served as the namesake of previous aircraft. The Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II attack aircraft was named after the WWII-era Republic P-47 Thunderbolt fighter-bomber. The McDonnell Douglas F-4 Phantom II is the namesake of the McDonnell FH Phantom . Uniquely,

225-766: A teacher during the French colonisation of Vietnam . She joined Vietnam's Communist Party in 1948. From 1945 to 1951, she took part in various intellectual movements against the French colonists. Subsequently, she was arrested and jailed between 1951 and 1953 in Chí Hòa Prison (Saigon) by the French colonial authority in Vietnam . During the Vietnam War , she became a member of the Vietcong's Central Committee and

250-752: A vice-chairperson of the South Vietnamese Women's Liberation Association. In 1969 she was appointed foreign minister of the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam . A fluent French speaker, Bình played a major role in the Paris Peace Accords , an agreement that was supposed to end the war and restore peace in Vietnam, which entered into force on 17 January 1973. She

275-516: Is also not the same as a coup d'état : while a coup usually involves a small group of conspirators violently seizing control of government, a revolution implies mass participation and popular legitimacy. Again, the distinction is often clearer conceptually than empirically. According to sociologist James Chowning Davies , political revolutionaries may be classified in two ways: The revolutionary anarchist Sergey Nechayev argued in Catechism of

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300-671: Is first attested around 1635, and probably comes from the phrase "for one's name's sake", which originates in English Bible translations as a rendering of a Hebrew idiom meaning "to protect one's reputation" or possibly "vouched for by one's reputation." Examples are in Psalm 23:3, "He leadeth me in the paths of righteousness for His name's sake" (King James Bible, 1604), or in the metrical version "e'en for His own name's sake" (Rous 1641, Scottish Psalter 1650, see The Lord's My Shepherd ). When namesake refers to something or someone who

325-571: Is its merciless enemy and continues to inhabit it with only one purpose - to destroy it." According to Che Guevara , "the true revolutionary is guided by a great feeling of love. It is impossible to think of a true revolutionary lacking in this quality." According to the Marxist Internet Archive , a revolutionary "amplif[ies] the differences and conflicts caused by technological advances in society. Revolutionaries provoke differences and violently ram together contradictions within

350-408: Is named after something or someone else, the second recipient of a name is usually said to be the namesake of the first. This usage usually refers to humans named after other humans, but current usage also allows things to be or have namesakes. Sometimes the first recipient can also be called the namesake ; however, the correct and unambiguous term would be the eponym . Naming a child after

375-416: Is that of the singer Hiram King Williams, known professionally as Hank Williams , and his son Randall Hank Williams, known professionally as Hank Williams Jr . Daughters being named after their mothers using similar suffixes is less common. One example is thoroughbred jockey Rosemary Homeister Jr. whose mother was also a jockey before turning to train. A more archaic method of distinguishing father from son

400-635: The Order of Ho Chi Minh and the Resistance Order (First Class). In 2021, then- President of Vietnam Nguyễn Xuân Phúc awarded her the 75-year Party Membership Commemorative Medal . To commemorate the 75th anniversary of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Vietnam , the Government of Vietnam commissioned the official portraits for 12 former foreign ministers from 1945 to 2020. Nguyễn Thị Bình

425-732: The Vietnam War , she later served in the government of reunified Vietnam after the Fall of Saigon and later became the country's Vice President in 1992. She is the first woman in Vietnamese history to be appointed a cabinet minister . Nguyễn Thị Bình was born in 1927 in Châu Thành , Sa Đéc Province and is a granddaughter of the Nationalist leader Phan Chu Trinh . She studied French at Lycée Sisowath in Cambodia and worked as

450-418: The clarity of the distinction between revolution and reform is more conceptual than empirical. A conservative is someone who generally opposes such changes. A reactionary is someone who wants things to go back to the way they were before the change has happened (and when this return to the past would represent a major change in and of itself, reactionaries can simultaneously be revolutionaries). A revolution

475-648: The party's apparatus. She also criticized the Party's focus on increasing membership at the expense of "quality." From March 2009 to 2014, she served as a member of the support committee of Russell Tribunal on Palestine . Madame Bình became the source of inspiration and namesake for Madame Binh Graphics Collective , a radical left all-women poster , printmaking , and street art collective based in New York City from 1970s to 1980s. Madame Bình has been awarded many prestigious awards and honours, including

500-551: The position of Vice President of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam for the terms 1992–1997 and 1997–2002. Since retiring from politics, Madame Bình has authored several op-eds , including a high-profile one on the state newspaper Nhân Dân in which she voiced concerns that the current personnel policy of the Communist Party of Vietnam have allowed some "incompetent and opportunistic" individuals to enter

525-417: The public mind. The teddy bear , for example, was named after President Theodore Roosevelt , because of a popular story in which the then-President objected to cruel treatment of a bear by hunters. The fedora hat may be considered the "namesake" of a fictional character, Princess Fédora Romanoff, from an 1887 play, Fédora , by Victorien Sardou. In her portrayal of that character, Sarah Bernhardt wore

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550-731: Was appointed Minister of Education of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and from 1982 to 1986, which made her the first female minister ever in the history of Viet Nam. Nguyen Thi Binh was a member of the Central Committee of Vietnam's Communist Party from 1987 to 1992. She was also the Deputy Chair of the Party's Central Foreign Affairs Commission and Chair of the National Assembly 's Foreign Affairs Committee. The National Assembly elected her twice to

575-541: Was expected to be replaced by a male Vietcong representative after preliminary talks, but quickly became one of the group's most visible international public figures. During this time, she was famous for representing Vietnamese women with her elegant and gracious style, and was referred to by the media as "Madame Bình". She was the only woman who signed the Paris Peace Accords. After the Vietnam War, she

600-409: Was included among them as the only South Vietnamese foreign minister and the only woman. Revolutionary The term—both as a noun and adjective—is usually applied to the field of politics , but is also occasionally used in the context of science , invention or art . In politics, a revolutionary is someone who supports abrupt, rapid, and drastic change, usually replacing the status quo, while

625-867: Was to follow the name with "the Elder" or "the Younger", respectively, for example William Pitt the Elder and William Pitt the Younger . For an extensive list, see List of people known as the Elder or the Younger . Buildings, such as the Fisher Building , and companies, like the Ford Motor Company , are often named after their founders or owners. Biological species and celestial bodies are frequently named after their discoverers. Alternatively, their discoverers may name them in honor of others. Occasionally, material goods, such as toys or garments, may be named after people closely associated with them in

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