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23-473: Jeanne Louise Henriette Campan ( née Genet ; 2 October 1752, Paris  – 16 March 1822, Mantes ) was a French educator, writer and Lady's maid . In the service of Marie Antoinette before and during the French Revolution , she was afterwards headmistress of the first Maison d'éducation de la Légion d'honneur , appointed by Napoleon in 1807 to promote the education of girls. She

46-438: A lady-in-waiting ) did not need to be a member of the nobility. The Première femme de Chambre was the only one of the women of the queen's household except the dame d'honneur to be in possession of the keys to the queen's rooms and in permanent access to the queen. This gave her the opportunity to filter requests of meetings, audiences and messages to the queen and made her a de facto powerful person at court, where she

69-416: A private secondary school. Public junior high schools: Public senior high schools: Private secondary schools: Colleges and universities: Mantes-la-Jolie is twinned with: Femme de chambre Première femme de Chambre ('First Chamber Maid') was an office at the royal court of France. The Première femme de Chambre was in charge of the preparing of clothes, cosmetics and other things in

92-478: Is a low-income housing estate occupied almost entirely by Arabs and African migrants. Over one-in-three residents in the town is an immigrant, and 27% of the town does not have French citizenship as of 2019. The city is divided into four districts each with a characteristic urban form: The main monument in Mantes is the church of Notre-Dame dating back to 12th century. A previous church was burnt down by William

115-589: Is located in the neighbourhood city of Mantes-la-Ville . Mantes-la-Jolie is served by two stations on the Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare and Transilien Paris-Montparnasse suburban rail lines: Mantes-Station and Mantes-la-Jolie . The Mantes-la-Jolie station is also served by TGV trains towards Le Havre, and Cherbourg. The municipality has nineteen public preschools, sixteen public elementary schools, six public junior high schools, two public senior high schools/sixth form colleges, and

138-520: The 10 August 1792 storming of the Tuileries Palace , in which she was left behind in the palace when the queen and the royal family left prior to the storming. With her own house pillaged and burned that day, Henriette sought asylum in the countryside. She survived the Reign of Terror , but after the 9th of Thermidor , finding herself almost penniless, and being thrown on her own resources by

161-484: The 19th century, painters were attracted to the town, particularly Corot , whose paintings of the bridge and the cathedral are celebrated. Prokofiev spent the summer of 1920 there orchestrating the ballet Chout . Originally officially called Mantes-sur-Seine (meaning "Mantes on the Seine "), Mantes merged with the commune of Gassicourt in 1930 and the commune born of the merger was called Mantes-Gassicourt. Mantes

184-518: The Conqueror together with the rest of the town, at the capture of which he lost his life in 1087. Modern bridges link Mantes with the town of Limay on the other side of the river. Mantes is home to small businesses working on concrete and chemical processing, but is inevitably drawn into the economic area of nearby Paris. It is historically and at present a center of musical instrument manufacturing. The well known Buffet Crampon woodwind factory

207-498: The Reigns of Louis XIV, Louis XV, and Louis XVI ( French : Mémoires sur la vie privée de Marie Antoinette, suivis de souvenirs et anecdotes historiques sur les règnes de Louis XIV – XV ); a treatise De l'Education des Femmes (pub. 1824); and one or two small didactic works, written in a clear and natural style. The most noteworthy thing in her educational system, and that which especially recommended it to Napoleon,

230-472: The commune of Mantes-la-Jolie proper, in its geography at the given years. The commune of Mantes-la-Jolie absorbed the former communes of Gassicourt in 1930. Mantes-la-Jolie has a significant Muslim population, consisting mainly of North Africans, Arabs , Turks , and Sub-Saharan Africans. Many Muslims in Mantes-la-Jolie experience disillusionment, high levels of poverty and unemployment. Val Fourré

253-633: The end of the 19th century, Impressionist painters like Pierre-Auguste Renoir , Édouard Manet and Claude Monet came to paint the Seine River which crosses the town. Jean Batiste Corot painting of the Old Mantes bridge is shown at the Louvres. Inhabitants are called Mantais in French. The city had a total of 44,299 inhabitants in 2017. The population data in the table and graph below refer to

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276-438: The illness of her spouse, Campan determined to support herself by in 1794 establishing a school at Saint-Germain-en-Laye . The institution prospered, and was patronized by Hortense de Beauharnais , whose influence led to the appointment of Campan as superintendent of the academy founded by Napoleon at Écouen for the education of the orphaned daughters of members of his Légion d'honneur in 1807. She held this post until it

299-570: The linen to the Première femme de Chambre , who, in her turn, handed it to the Princess of the blood. Each of these ladies observed these rules scrupulously as affecting her rights. One winter’s day it happened that the Queen, who was entirely undressed, was just going to put on her shift; I held it ready unfolded for her; the dame d’honneur came in, slipped off her gloves, and took it. A scratching

322-468: The linen, and in doing so knocked the Queen’s cap off. The Queen laughed to conceal her impatience, but not until she had muttered several times, "How disagreeable! how tiresome!" All this etiquette, however inconvenient, was suitable to the royal dignity, which expects to find servants in all classes of persons, beginning even with the brothers and sisters of the monarch. Attribution: Mantes Mantes

345-466: The petticoat, and handed the gown to the Queen. The dame d’honneur poured out the water for her hands and put on her linen. When a princess of the royal family happened to be present while the Queen was dressing, the dame d’honneur yielded to her the latter act of office, but still did not yield it directly to the Princesses of the blood; in such a case the dame d’honneur was accustomed to present

368-433: The queen's wardrobe for the dressing and undressing ceremony, and supervised the femmes de chambre ('Chamber Maids'), who often reached a number of 16 per annum. The dressing and undressing of the queen was in turn supervised by the dame d'atour . A Première femme de Chambre was not formally ranked as a lady-in-waiting but rather belonged to the chamber staff and as such (as formally a servant and lady's maid rather than

391-410: Was a general favourite at court , and when in 1774 she bestowed her hand upon Pierre-Dominique-François Berthollet Campan, son of the secretary of the royal cabinet, the king gave her an annuity of 5,000 livres as dowry. The marriage was unhappy and the couple separated in 1790. Campan was promoted to Première femme de Chambre by Marie Antoinette in 1786; and she continued to attend on her until

414-680: Was abolished at the restoration of the Bourbons in 1814, when she retired to Mantes, where she spent the rest of her life amid the kind attentions of friends, but saddened by the loss of her only son, and by the calumnies circulated on account of her connection with the Bonapartes . Henriette Campan died in 1822, leaving valuable Memoirs of the Private Life of Marie Antoinette (published 1823 (posthumously), Paris, 3 vols.), subtitled To which are Added Personal Recollections Illustrative of

437-588: Was halfway between the centres of power of the dukes of Normandy at Rouen and the Kings of France in Paris. Along with most of northern France, the city changed hands frequently in the Hundred Years' War . Philip Augustus died in Mantes on 14 July 1223. Louis XIV instituted the manufacture of musical instruments in Mantes, and it was chosen as the centre of brass and woodwind instrument manufacture. In

460-707: Was heard at the door; it was opened, and in came the Duchesse d’Orléans : her gloves were taken off, and she came forward to take the garment; but as it would have been wrong in the dame d’honneur to hand it to her she gave it to me, and I handed it to the Princess. More scratching it was Madame la Comtesse de Provence ; the Duchesse d’Orléans handed her the linen. All this while the Queen kept her arms crossed upon her bosom, and appeared to feel cold; Madame observed her uncomfortable situation, and, merely laying down her handkerchief without taking off her gloves, she put on

483-559: Was the daughter of Edme-Jacques Genet and Marie-Anne-Louise Cardon. Her father was the highest-ranking clerk in the foreign office (the ambassador Citizen Genet was her younger brother), and, although without fortune, placed her in the most cultivated society. By the age of fifteen she could speak English and Italian, and had gained so high a reputation for her academic accomplishments as to be appointed reader to Louis XV 's daughters ( Mesdames Victoire , Sophie and Louise ) in 1768, and Femme de chambre to Marie Antoinette in 1770. She

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506-600: Was the location of the first allied bridgehead across the Seine on 19 August 1944, by General Patton 's 3rd Army. Major rebuilding was needed after the war. On 7 May 1953, the commune of Mantes-Gassicourt was officially renamed Mantes-la-Jolie (meaning "Mantes the pretty"), allegedly in reference to a letter of King Henry IV addressed to his mistress Gabrielle d'Estrées who resided in Mantes: "I am on my way to Mantes, my pretty" ( French : je viens à Mantes, ma jolie ). At

529-478: Was the place given to domestic economy in the education of girls . At Écouen the pupils underwent a complete training in all branches of housework . The Queen’s toilet was a masterpiece of etiquette; everything was done in a prescribed form. Both the Dame d'honneur and the dame d’atours usually attended and officiated, assisted by the first femme de chambre and two ordinary women. The dame d’atours put on

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