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45-482: Magheracloone is a parish in south County Monaghan . Its name comes from the Irish Machaire Cluana which means 'plain of meadow'. A generally hilly parish; its name is derived from its most important place in ancient times; a flat area of land in the townland of Camaghy, on which the sports ground and ancient church of St. Molua were located. The parish covers 12,952 statute acres in area, making it

90-586: A harp. He retired to the townland of Beagh at the end of his life and is buried in Carrickmacross . A monument to the blind harper was recently erected by Magheracloone Heritage Group at the Ball Alley crossroads along the Carrickmacross - Kingscourt road (which passes through Magheracloone). A GAA sports ground and community centre are located next to this monument. Local harpist and All-Ireland medal winner, Rosey McCabe, played some traditional tunes at

135-487: A mere skirmish with one fatality, reporting of the event in the local, national and international newspapers prompted questions to be raised in the House of Commons ". The people of Magheracloone have three churches; two Roman Catholic (Ss. Peter & Paul, and St. Patrick's) and one Church of Ireland (St. Molua's). St. Molua's is located on the site of the original Roman Catholic church, from which Catholics were barred during

180-496: A municipal district: Ballybay – Clones , Carrickmacross – Castleblayney , and Monaghan . The towns of Ballybay, Carrickmacross, Castleblayney, Clones and Monaghan were formerly represented by nine-member town councils which dealt with local matters such as the provision of utilities and housing. These were abolished in 2014 under the Local Government Reform Act 2014 . For elections to Dáil Éireann ,

225-426: A result of perhaps well-meaning but nonetheless gravely ill-conceived 'renovations' by then parish priest, Canon Drum, much to the consternation of locals who wished to continue worshiping at the altar built by their ancestors as an expression of their civic pride in the climate of Catholic Emancipation. The Ss. Peter & Paul church still includes an intricate wooden ceiling. Constructed on an east–west axis, facing

270-530: Is twinned with the following places: Patrick Byrne (musician) Patrick Byrne or Pádraig Dall Ó Beirn ( c.  1794 – 8 April 1863) was the last noted exponent in Ireland of the historical Gaelic harp and the first Irish traditional musician to be photographed. Following on from the Belfast Harp Festival of 1792 various attempts were made to revive the playing of

315-688: Is a border crossing point over the River Finn to County Fermanagh. It is close to Scotshouse . Lead used to be mined in County Monaghan. Mines included Annaglogh Lead Mines and Lisdrumgormley Lead Mines . In 1585, the English Lord Deputy of Ireland , Sir John Perrot , visited the area and met the Irish chieftains . They requested that Ulster be divided into counties and land in the kingdom of Airgíalla be apportioned to

360-524: Is approximately 2,500. Magheracloone contains the only gypsum mine in Ireland. Extraction from underneath the land has caused sinkholes on occasion, most notably in 1973 and in 2018. Magheracloone is at the South of Ulster . Its position just beyond the Pale and on the edge of two Gaelic kingdoms meant that it has always been a borderland. After the conquest of Ireland and the plantation of Ulster Essex

405-607: Is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region . It is named after the town of Monaghan . Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288 according to the 2022 census. The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland . Following

450-527: Is represented by works in the collection of the National Gallery of Ireland and the Ulster Museum . County Monaghan was also the home county of the Irish writer Sir Shane Leslie (1885–1971), 3rd Baronet of Glaslough , who lived at Castle Leslie in the north-east corner of the county. A Catholic convert, Irish nationalist and first cousin of Sir Winston Churchill , Prime Minister of

495-715: The Dundalk and Enniskillen Railway at Clones in 1863. It became part of the Great Northern Railway (GNR) in 1876. The partition of Ireland in 1922 turned the boundary with County Armagh into an international frontier, after which trains were routinely delayed by customs inspections. In 1957, the Government of Northern Ireland made the GNR Board close the line between Portadown and Armagh , and all lines between Armagh and County Monaghan. This left

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540-596: The Monaghan Senior Football Championship in 2004. They have achieved runner-up status three times; in 2002, 2005 and 2006. Their colours are those of the parish, being simply black and white. Senior Gaelic footballer Thomas Freeman was presented with a GAA All Star award in 2007 and his brother, Damien Freeman is a former captain of county Monaghan's Gaelic football team. The parish also boasts under-14 boys' & girls' Olympic Handball teams. The boys' team achieved all-Ireland runner-up and

585-619: The 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty , Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland . County Monaghan is the fifth smallest of the Republic's 26 counties by area, and the fourth smallest by population. It is the smallest of Ulster's nine counties in terms of population. Notable mountains include Slieve Beagh (on

630-460: The GNR Board with no option but to withdraw passenger services between Armagh and Clones as well. CIÉ took over the remaining section of line between Clones, Monaghan and Glaslough in 1958, but withdrew goods services between Monaghan and Glaslough in 1959 and between Clones and Monaghan in 1960, leaving Monaghan with no railway service. At the 2019 local election , County Monaghan was divided into three local electoral areas , each of formed

675-542: The Gothic-Revival St Patrick's Church of Ireland Church, Monaghan Town, and St Macartan's Catholic Cathedral, Monaghan Town, by James Joseph McCarthy (1817–1882). Agriculture is a significant part of the County Monaghan economy, employing about 12% of the population in 2011 (compared with 5% nationally). The county is the main source of egg supplies in the Republic of Ireland . County Monaghan

720-462: The Irish harp ( Irish : Cláirseach ). An Irish Harp Society was established in the city and a harp school for young blind boys set up. Byrne, who was born around 1794 in the parish of Magheracloone , County Monaghan was enrolled as a pupil in the harp school in 1820. The Belfast Society records him as graduating in 1821 "having acquired considerable proficiency on the instrument (60 tunes)". He then moved to London playing in various houses of

765-588: The River Glyde in Tonaneave; a long stone crosses the river to form a bridge; the priest would stand on one side, and the congregation on the other; the river served both to separate the people from the sacrament (the function performed by a reredos in a church) and to drown out their prayers, for fear of being heard by British soldiers. It is said that, during the Penal Laws, local Protestants kept watch on

810-830: The Tyrone and Fermanagh borders), Mullyash Mountain and Coolberrin Hill (214 m, 702 ft). Lakes include Lough Avaghon , Dromore Lough , Drumlona Lough , Lough Egish , Emy Lough, Lough Fea, Inner Lough (in Dartrey Forest ), Muckno Lough and White Lough . Notable rivers include the River Fane (along the Louth border), the River Glyde (along the Louth and Meath borders), the Ulster Blackwater (along

855-523: The Tyrone border) and the Dromore River (along the Cavan border, linking Cootehill to Ballybay ). Monaghan has a number of forests, including Rossmore Forest and Dartrey Forest . Managed by Coillte since 1988, the majority of trees are conifers . Due to a long history of intensive farming and recent intensive forestry practices, only small pockets of native woodland remain. The Finn Bridge

900-669: The United Kingdom , Leslie became an important literary figure in the early 1900s. He was a close friend of many politicians and writers of the day including the American novelist F. Scott Fitzgerald (1896–1940), who dedicated his second novel, The Beautiful and Damned , to Leslie. Monaghan County Museum is recognised as one of the leading provincial museums in Ireland, with a Council of Europe Award (1980), among others, to its credit. Located in Hill Street, Monaghan Town,

945-475: The church of Saints Peter and Paul (this very church) in Magheracloone. The intention was to post a notice of eviction to several tenants in the area, on the door of the church. They were met by a large, howling and hooting crowd who blocked their path. The troops fixed their bayonets and moved forward, only to be met with a shower of stones. Several of the troops were hit with stones and at the same instant

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990-533: The county is part of the constituency of Cavan–Monaghan which elects five TDs . In the 2011 general election , there was a voter turnout of 72.7%. For elections to the European Parliament , the county is part of the Midlands–North-West constituency. County Monaghan is the birthplace of the poet and writer Patrick Kavanagh , who based much of his work in the county. Kavanagh is one of

1035-407: The entire company discharged one round each from their guns into the crowd. The crowd backed off. The Company Commander, fearful of a greater slaughter, called his troops back to their carriages and they beat a speedy retreat, followed all the way by angry remnants of the crowd. However, back on the road in front of the church a young servant boy lay dead. Peter Agnew from Lisnaguiveragh, Carrickmacross

1080-406: The exterior gables and replaced with iron crosses. In 2000, the bell was electrified and the wheel and chain of this Victorian cast iron bell were removed and have since disappeared. The nineteenth century harper Patrick Byrne was a native of the parish. Born and raised in the town-land of Greaghlone, he went on to achieve international fame, becoming the first person photographed while playing

1125-559: The first photographs of any harpist worldwide and the first of a traditional Irish musician. Some examples of these images are held in the Scottish National Portrait Gallery . Byrne returned to Ireland in 1846/47 and was employed by the Shirley family as their harper. He is recorded in several contemporary newspaper articles as being a celebrated and accomplished musician. One description says "his touch

1170-423: The girls' team came 1st in Ireland in 2006. In September 2018 a sinkhole made the local GAA pitch subside and Dromgossatt National School was evacuated. It happened in land over an old gypsum mine. In April 2020 a crown hole appeared in land over the mine. County Monaghan County Monaghan ( / ˈ m ɒ n ə h ən / MON -ə-hən ; Irish : Contae Mhuineacháin ) is a county in Ireland. It

1215-525: The great Irish harpers", his death marked the passing of the old style of playing the Irish harp – a tradition stretching back hundreds of years. One other photograph is known to have been taken of Patrick Byrne in his later years and this was published in the Ulster Journal of Archaeology in 1911. There is no record of who took the photograph or when and where it was taken. Since 2007 the local branch of Comhaltas Ceoltóirí Éireann have organised

1260-629: The hands of the native chieftains. In the Irish Rebellion of 1641 , the McMahons and their allies joined the general rebellion of Irish Catholics . Following their defeat, some colonisation of the county took place by Scottish and English families. County Monaghan is traversed by the derelict Ulster Canal . However, Waterways Ireland are embarking on a scheme to reopen the canal from Lough Erne into Clones . The Ulster Railway linked Monaghan with Armagh and Belfast in 1858 and with

1305-405: The hills above to ensure the safety of their Catholic neighbours hearing mass by the river in the valley below. Another example of such kindness comes from the story of a woman who was to be evicted from her home in the parish by bailiffs because she could not pay her rent; one of the soldiers took pity on her and passed around an iron cooking pot, collecting money from the other soldiers until enough

1350-401: The ire of locals (the case for ground rent has been upheld in the Irish courts). The 'Battle of Magheracloone' occurred in 1843 at Ss. Peter & Paul's Roman Catholic church. The text now follows of a plaque recently erected there in memoriam: " In 1843 the tenants on the Shirley estate, of which Magheracloone was a part, refused to pay their rent until their complaints had been addressed by

1395-519: The landlord. Attempts by the bailiffs to seize cattle or goods from the tenants who would not pay were stopped by the activities of 'The Molly Maguires'. The centre of British rule in Ireland , Dublin Castle, agreed to provide troops to protect the agents who were serving notices of eviction to tenants. On 5 June 1843, a bailiff from the Shirley Estate along with a company of troops marched toward

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1440-535: The largest parish in South Monaghan. The parish borders three neighbouring counties; Cavan , Louth and Meath . Magheracloone is the only parish in Monaghan to border Meath; it is located approximately 90 km from both Belfast and Dublin. During the 1840s, the population was approximately 9,000. During the 19th Century, the population declined sharply, largely due to The Great Famine. The current population

1485-487: The local chiefs. A commission was established to accomplish this and County Monaghan came into being. The county was subdivided into five baronies : Farney , Cremorne, Dartrey , and Monaghan controlled by MacMahon and Truagh by McKenna . After the defeat of the rebellion of The Earl of Tyrone and the Ulster chieftains in 1603, the county was not planted like the other counties of Ulster. The lands were instead left in

1530-563: The most significant figures in 20th-century Irish poetry . The poems "Stony Grey Soil" and "Shancoduff" refer to the county. County Monaghan has produced several successful artists. Chief among these is George Collie (1904–75), who was born in Carrickmacross and trained at the Dublin Metropolitan School of Art . He was a prolific exhibitor at the Royal Hibernian Academy throughout his lifetime and

1575-617: The museum aims to reflect the history of County Monaghan and its people in all its richness and diversity. The best of the county's architecture developed in the Georgian and Victorian periods and ranges from the dignified public spaces of Church Square and The Diamond in Monaghan Town to the great country houses of Lough Fea, Carrickmacross; Hilton Park, Clones and Castle Leslie, Glaslough. Significant ecclesiastical buildings include St Joseph's Catholic Church in Carrickmacross ;

1620-637: The nobility and in 1829 was presented with a silver medal by the Shakespearean Club of Stratford on Avon in recognition of his abilities. From 1837 to 1845 he was based in Scotland where he played before Queen Victoria and received a warrant as Irish Harper to Prince Albert . While in Edinburgh he was photographed on or around 1 April 1845 by Hill & Adamson . The series of calotype images taken by Hill & Adamson are thought to be

1665-432: The number of Roman Catholic churches and schools built in Ireland. St. Molua's cemetery contains the remains of both Protestants and Catholics and was cleared from its overgrown condition in the 1980s, to much acclaim. (All cemeteries in the parish are immaculately maintained). In the 1970s, however, both the interior and exterior of Ss. Peter & Paul church (a 'barn church' constructed in 1825) were extensively damaged as

1710-517: The penal laws. At that time, Catholics attended school and worshipped outside at 'hedge schools' and 'mass rocks', as they were barred from having suitable buildings for these purposes, speaking Irish was banned, and the people were required (in public office and many professions) to take an oath citing the supremacy of the monarch over the Roman Pontiff - an oath which Catholics obviously could not take. A mass rock exists on private property along

1755-401: The rising sun (a symbol of Christ - The Celtic cross features the rising sun, a Celtic symbol, fused with a cross, as a symbol of the new Christian faith conquering the ancient pagan one), the building is renowned for its light and spaciousness. Its Turnerelli altar and side altars, redoros, mosaics, galleries and pipe organ, were all lost. Two stone crosses were also removed from the pinnacles of

1800-411: The unveiling. Magheracloone is also home to several businesses, shops (including O'Rourke's service station and McGrane's 'Country Store') and numerous schools including Drumgossatt National School (formerly a barn church until Ss Peter & Paul was constructed); it has recently been extended to accommodate a significant increase in numbers. The local Gaelic football team Magheracloone Mitchells won

1845-472: Was at service with Owen Smith of Corrybracken Two days later the coroner's jury (composed of six Protestants and thirteen Roman Catholics) held that as it was not known whose shot had killed the boy, no responsibility could be assessed. But the jury pointedly commented that 'it has not been sufficiently proved to us that at the time of the firing the party of Constabulary were in imminent risk of their lives'. (Outrage Papers). While this incident may be described as

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1890-474: Was donated such that the woman's rent could be paid. Mass was most recently celebrated at this mass rock in the Jubilee Year 2000; it was concelebrated by PP Fr. Tom Finnegan, Canon Mohan and Fr. Michael J. Gilsenan and attended by a large congregation. The ceremony served to memorialise the victims of the penal laws, which climaxed in the tragedy of The Great Famine. Catholic Emancipation saw an explosion in

1935-516: Was granted the lands of South Monaghan . Since the 17th century the absentee ' Shirley Family ' landlords ruled the majority of land in Magheracloone. Their holdings have since been reduced to include a 4000-acre walled estate, just outside Carrickmacross , where the family seat, Lough Fea house, is located. They also technically own the west side of Carrickmacross Main Street, and continue to collect ground rents from most businesses located there, much to

1980-569: Was honoured at a meeting in the Shirley Arms Hotel in Carrickmacross and presented with "a purse of gold collected from the inhabitants of his native town". He died in Dundalk on 8 April 1863 and is buried in Carrickmacross. Patrick Byrne's final resting place - in what is now known locally as ‘bully’s acre’ - is marked by a slate altar-tomb. Described by the great collector of Irish music Francis O'Neill as "the last of

2025-481: Was singularly delicate yet equally firm. He could make the strings whisper like the sigh of the rising wind on a summer eve, or clang with a martial fierceness that made your pulses beat quicker" Edward Bunting collected two pieces from Patrick Byrne, Nurse Putting the Child to Sleep and Rose McWard . Among other tunes he is known to have played are An Chuilfhionn and Brian Boru's March . In 1855 Patrick Byrne

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