A river island is any exposed landmass surrounded by river water. Properly defined, it excludes shoals between seasonally varying flows and may exclude semi-coastal islands in river deltas such as Marajó .
65-717: INTRODUCTION Majuli (Mazuli,) is a large river island located in Assam ,(a north eastern state) India. It is formed by the Brahmaputra River to the south and east, the Subansiri River to the west, and an anabranch of the Brahmaputra River. The island is inhabited by members of the Mising , Deori , and Sonowal Kachari tribes and serves as a hub of Assamese neo- Vaishnavite culture. It
130-649: A grant in 1776 referring to "Majuli pradesh " and its Kamalabari Satra , Agnichapori , Gajala Satra, and the Tuni River . During the Moamaria rebellion , the island was controlled by Howha, a Moamaria rebel leader. The Burhi Dihing 's confluence moved east by 190 km. The southern channel became the Burhi Xuti, while the northern channel turned into the Luit Xuti. Over time, the Luit Xuti diminished, becoming
195-408: A habitat for various animals, including elephants, tigers, deer, and vultures. The main industry on Majuli is agriculture , with paddy (unmilled) rice being the chief crop. The island has a rich and diverse agricultural tradition, with as many as 100 varieties of rice grown. Fishing is also a major industry, following agriculture. Among the fascinating varieties of rice produced are Komal Saul ,
260-433: A large corpus of manuscripts in this script on history, society, astrology, rituals, etc. Ahom people used to write their chronicles known as Buranji . The priestly classes (Mo'sam, Mo'hung, Mo'Plong) are the custodians of these manuscripts. The Ahom people used to use a sexagenary cycle known as Lak-Ni Tao-Si-Nga with its origins in the middle kingdoms ( Chung-Kuo ). It has 12 months and an additional leap month with
325-738: A major hub of Vaishnavism with the establishment of satras. It remained under British rule until India gained independence in 1947 and is recognized as the world's largest river island. Over the last 200 years, Majuli has shrunk in size as the river surrounding it has expanded. In the 1790s, the island covered an area of 1,300 km (500 sq mi). By the beginning of the 20th century, it had an area of 1,255 square kilometres (485 sq mi); however, due to significant erosion, it covered only 352 square kilometres (136 sq mi) as of 2014. The population of Majuli consists of scheduled tribes and castes , as well as non-tribal caste Hindu Assamese . The indigenous communities include members of
390-741: A member of the Tai branch of the Kra–Dai languages is now dead, with its tone system completely lost. Nevertheless, it is being revived by some Tai Ahom organisations. From the latter part of the 20th century through the early 21st century, there has been a resurgence of interest among the Ahoms in their culture and language, resulting in heightened scholarly focus and efforts towards revival. The 1901 census of India enumerated approximately 179,000 people identifying as Ahom. The latest available census records slightly over 2 million Ahom individuals, however, estimates of
455-477: A movement aiming to rejuvenate the ancient Ahom faith. The Ahom religion started to decline since the days of Jayadhwaj Singha , he was the first Ahom king to adopt Ekasarana Dharma and to take initiation of the Auniati Mahanta. From Jayadhawaj Singha to Rantadhwaj Singha all were followers of Ekasarana Dharma . From Gadadhar Singha onwards the kings veered towards Shaktism . Siva Singha made
520-543: A natural cut and meander . Nascent vegetation-free shoals and mudflats may dissipate and shift or build up into such islands through deposition; the process may be assisted through artificial reinforcement or natural factors, such as reeds , palms , evergreen trees or willows , that act as obstacles or erosion barriers, so that water flows around them. Islands may be small or large, covering many square kilometers, examples of which are given below. The term " towhead " implies an islet (small island) or shoal within
585-504: A place called Lakhu. Between 1661 and 1696, a series of earthquakes in the 17th century set the stage for a massive flood in 1750, which reshaped the region. This flood caused the Brahmaputra to change its course, resulting in the formation of Majuli Island. The Ahom king Pratap Singha built a rampart on Majuli called Meragarh in the first half of the 17th century. Lakshmi Singha , who reigned as Ahom king from 1769 to 1780, wrote
650-542: A population of at least 25,000. Ahom people The Ahom ( / ˈ ɑː h ɒ m / ) ( Ahom : 𑜒𑜑𑜪𑜨, ahüm ), or Tai Ahom ( Ahom : 𑜄𑜩 𑜒𑜑𑜪𑜨, tái ahüm ) is an ethnic group from the Indian states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh . The members of this group are admixed descendants of the Tai people who reached the Brahmaputra valley of Assam in 1228 and the local indigenous people who joined them over
715-675: A result, the Ahom polity initially absorbed Naga , Borahi and Moran , and later large sections of the Chutia and the Dimasa-Kachari peoples. This process of Ahomisation went on until the mid-16th century, when the Ahom society itself came under the direct Hindu influence. That many indigenous peoples were ceremonially adopted into Ahom clans are recorded in the chronicles. Since the Ahoms married liberally outside their own exogamous clans and since their own traditional religion resembled
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#1732773124592780-630: A river (most often the Mississippi River ) having a grouping or thicket of trees, and is often used in the Midwestern United States . Many rivers, if wide enough, can house considerably large islands. The term "towhead" was popularised by Mark Twain 's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn . In England, a river island in the Thames is referred to as an " ait " (or "eyot"). Majuli (a non-coastal landmass between two banks of
845-577: A river), located in the Brahmaputra River in Assam , India , is recognised by Guinness World Records as the world's largest inhabited riverine island, at 880 square kilometres (340 sq mi). The Encyclopædia Britannica cites another large non-coastal landmass, Bananal Island (an island that divides the Araguaia River into two branches over a 320 km (200-mile) length of water), located in Tocantins , central Brazil, to be
910-620: A scattered fashion within bamboo groves. At one time, the Ahom built their house on stilts called Rwan Huan about two meters above ground level. Food is one of the important variables of the culture of Tai-Ahom. Most Ahoms, particularly in rural areas, are non-vegetarian , still maintaining a traditional cuisine similar to other Tai people . Rice is a staple food. Typical dishes are pork, chicken, duck, slices of beef, frogs, many kinds of fishes, hukoti maas (dry preserved fish mixture), muga lota (cocoon seeds of endi and muga worms), and eggs of red ants. Certain insects are also popular foods for
975-507: A ten days weekly cycle. The first month is called Duin-Shing which gregorian equivalent is November - December and the new year festival is known as Pi-Mau Tai . It is still in vogue in Chinese and Tai people . The events in Buranji was counted with Lak-ni . Me-dam-me-phi is the communal ancestor worship festival of Tai-Ahom. It's observed in the month of Duin-Ha (March-April)in
1040-630: A tradition of writing, record keeping, and state formation. They settled in the region south of the Brahmaputra River and to the east of the Dikhow River ; the Ahoms today are found concentrated in this region. Sukaphaa , the leader of the Tai group and his 9,000 followers established the Ahom kingdom (1228–1826 CE), which controlled much of the Bramhaputra valley until 1826. In the initial phase,
1105-428: A unique type that can be eaten after immersing the grains in warm water for 15 minutes and is usually consumed as a breakfast cereal; Bao Dhan, which grows underwater and is harvested after ten months; and bora saul , a sticky brown rice used to make a traditional cake with fish known as pitha . Other important economic activities include fishing , dairying , pottery , handloom , and boat-making. Handloom weaving
1170-512: Is a major occupation among the female population of the villages. Although largely a non-commercial activity, it keeps many of the inhabitants occupied. The weaving is exquisite and intricate, utilizing a variety of colors and textures of cotton and silk , especially Muga silk. On 4 November 2017, Assam Chief Minister Sarbananda Sonowal launched 647 schemes with a total financial outlay of ₹246 million to boost Majuli's development. The following higher learning institutions are present: Mājuli
1235-657: Is accessible by ferry from Jorhat , which is located about 250 kilometers northeast of Guwahati .D It was the first island in the country to become a governmental district in 2016. Since 2004, Majuli has been on the UNESCO Tentative List for nomination a World Heritage Site . Majuli is recognized by Guinness World Records as the world's largest inland river island. However, the Encyclopædia Britannica cites Bananal Island in Brazil as
1300-572: Is among contenders as the smallest permanently-inhabited river island, or islet , with fixed dwellings. Umananda also lies in the Brahmaputra River . Many as tiny as Umananda or smaller, inhabited, exist on the Amazon basin and Bangladesh . Another island of comparable size to Umananda, Hatfield Island in the Guyandotte River in the U.S. state of West Virginia , has no permanent population, but contains several permanent buildings, namely
1365-402: Is crafted using clay and fired in driftwood kilns, following the methods of the ancient Harappan Civilization . Despite pressure from modernizing forces, these ancient cultural practices and dance forms remain largely intact. The handloom work of these tribes enjoys international acclaim. The three-day-long Raas Mahotsav festival, which portrays Krishna 's life, involves virtually everyone on
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#17327731245921430-543: Is located 20 km from Jorhat . One can take a bus or a hired taxi to Nimati Steamer Ghat, where ferry services are available. The journey takes over three hours to cover, involving three bus rides and two ferry rides. The northern bank of Majuli is bordered by the Subansiri River, while the southern bank features the Brahmaputra River, which delineates the island from the mainland. Lakhimpur town
1495-471: Is now associated by the Indian government with the various indigenous Assamese people . According to Anthony Van Nostrand Diller, possibly eight million speakers of Assamese can claim genetic descent from the Ahoms. Historian Yasmin Saikia contends that during pre-colonial eras, the Ahoms didn't constitute an ethnic community; instead, they formed a relatively inclusive social group. Any group entering
1560-533: Is performed in every village to worship Donyi Polo (Mother Sun and Father Moon) for a good harvest. In upper Majuli, the majority of Christians from the Mising tribe celebrate Christmas, particularly in the village of Jengraimukh . For the last half millennium, Majuli has served as the cultural center and cradle of Assamese civilization. The satras safeguard ancient artifacts such as weapons, utensils, jewelry, and other culturally significant items. Traditional pottery
1625-399: Is situated to the north, and Golaghat lies to the southwest. Sibsagar is located to the southeast, and Jorhat is positioned to the south. To the extreme east of Majuli is Dibrugarh District . The southern part of Majuli is recognized as a significant area for birdwatching, attracting avian enthusiasts and researchers alike. The optimal time for visits is between November and March, when
1690-636: Is the main marriage ritual among the twenty marriage rituals of Tai Ahom people. The name Cho Klong is derived from the Tai Ahom language [Cho=to combine, klong=ritual]. The ritual is described in an ancient Tai Ahom script Lai Lit nang Hoon Pha . 101 ban-phai-s (earthen lamps) or lights are lit. The bride offers the groom a heng-dan (sword) to protect her, their children, family, race and country. Sum of twenty rituals are performed in ahom wedding along with cho klong, including: The majority of present-day Ahoms profess Hinduism as their religion, yet there's
1755-418: The Ahom gentry belonged to clans such as Chaodangs , Gharphalias , Likchows etc. In general, the secular aristocratic clans, the priestly class, and the gentry clans did not intermarry. Some clans admitted people from other ethnic groups as well. For example, Miri-Sandikoi and Moran-Patar were Sandikoi and Patar from the Mising and Moran communities, while the founders of Chetias and Lahons were from
1820-455: The Chutia community. This was true even for the priestly clans: Naga-Bailung, Miri-Bailung and Nara-Bailung. The Ahoms were literate with a writing system based on the Ahom script , which fell into disuse along with the language. The Ahom script evolved from an earlier script of the Tai Nuea language which developed further under the present Chinese Government . There exists today
1885-728: The K–12 schools serving the city of Logan and its surrounding area plus the main branch of the Logan County public library. On canalised rivers , such as the Thames and the Seine , one-home islands exist, containing houses constructed of permanent materials. Canals reduce erosion of the islands and in particular limit the height of flash flooding by maintaining substantial "heads" of water through barrages . One-home islands improved by river canals include Monkey , Friday , Holm and D'Oyly Carte islands. This list ranks river islands with
1950-858: The Satghariya group was expanded—four additional clans began to be associated with nobility: Dihingia, Sandikoi, Lahon and Duarah. In the 16th-century Suhungmung added another great counselor, the Borpatrogohain and a new clan was established. Over time sub-clans began appearing. Thus during the Suhungmung's reign, the Chao-Pha's clan were divided into seven sub-clans—Saringiya, Tipamiya, Dihingiya, Samuguriya, Tungkhungiya, Parvatiya, and Namrupiya. Similarly, Burhagohain clan were divided into eight, Borgohain sixteen, Deodhai twelve, Mohan seven, and Bailung and Siring eight each. The rest of
2015-595: The Shaktism the state religion, Suremphaa Rajeswar Singha (1751–1769) ordered Sanskritisation . All funerals were to be practised under the Hindu cremation rites, conducted by a Maithil Brahmin priest and a traditional priest. Nevertheless, Me-Dam-Me-Phi is widely celebrated. The Ahoms today use the Assamese language after the traditional language, the Ahom language , fell into complete disuse. The Ahom language,
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2080-456: The Tai way of life and polity were incorporated into their fold which came to be known as Ahom as in the process known as Ahomisation . Many local ethnic groups that came in contact with the Tai settlers, including the Borahis who were of Tibeto-Burman origin, were completely subsumed into the Ahom community; while members of other communities, based on their allegiance to the Ahom kingdom or
2145-495: The Ahom court, as well as the Ahom peasants took to Ekasarana dharma , Shaktism and Saivism over the traditional Ahom religion; and adopted Assamese over the Ahom language for secular purposes. The modern Ahom people and their culture are a syncretism of the original Tai and their culture and local Tibeto-Burman peoples and their cultures they absorbed in Assam. The everyday usage of Ahom language ceased completely by
2210-510: The Ahom fold, though the Moran maintained their independent ethnicity. Sukaphaa established his capital at Charaideo near present-day Sivasagar in 1253 and began the task of state formation. The Ahoms held the belief that they were destined by a divine force to cultivate fallow land using their wet-rice farming methods and to assimilate stateless shifting cultivators into their society. They were also conscious of their numerical minority. As
2275-461: The Ahoms. Luk-Lao or Nam-Lao (rice beer, undiluted or diluted) are traditional drinks. They consume "Khar" (a form of alkaline liquid extracted from the ashes of burned banana peels/bark), "Betgaaj" (tender cane shoots), and many other naturally grown herbs with medicinal properties. However beef for the general hindus and, pork for the Vaisnavites are avoided During Siva Singha 's reign,
2340-465: The Kerkota Xuti, while the Burhi Xuti expanded to become the main Brahmaputra River. Majuli has been the cultural hub of Assamese civilization since the 16th century, largely due to the visit of Srimanta Sankardeva, a social reformer of that era. Sankardeva , a pioneer of the neo-Vaishnavite movement, preached Vaishnavism and established monasteries called satras on the island. Majuli became
2405-612: The Mising (the majority), Deori, Kaibarta, and Sonowal Kachari tribes, who immigrated from Arunachal Pradesh to Majuli centuries ago. The non-tribal caste Hindu Assamese communities include Koch , Kalita , Ahom , Sutiya , and Jogi . The languages spoken are Mising , Assamese , and Deori. The island has 144 villages with a population of over 150,000, resulting in a density of 300 individuals per square kilometer. A ferry service connecting Majuli to Jorhat operates six times daily, and night buses run from Guwahati to Majuli via Lakhimpur. Despite various challenges, modernization has reached
2470-449: The absence of industrial activity and consistent rainfall. However, Majuli faces a significant threat from extensive soil erosion along its banks. Large embankments built in nearby towns upstream to prevent erosion during the monsoon season have had unintended consequences. The turbulent Brahmaputra River now erodes much of the island. Reports indicate that by 1853, Majuli's total area was 1,150 km², and roughly 33% of this landmass eroded in
2535-532: The already admixed group Ahom made up a relatively small portion of the kingdom's population, they maintained their original Ahom language and practised their traditional religion till the 17th century, when the Ahom court as well as the commoners adopted the Assamese language . The Tai speaking people came into prominence first in the Guangxi region, in China, from where they moved to mainland Southeast Asia in
2600-536: The ancient times but now it's celebrated in the 31st January. Poi cheng ken is the traditional spring festival of the Tai-Ahom people, celebrated during the Ahom month of Duin-Ha in the Sexagenary cycle . The festival includes rituals such as washing, particularly bathing household cattle, honoring ancestors, and worshipping the insignia Chum Pha Rueng Sheng Mueang . The customs of Cheng Ken are documented in
2665-557: The ancient manuscript Khyek Lai Bet . As stated: Duin ha jao pai ka duin ruk Poi cheng ken ao ma, hu ap nam, khai ap nam...., lit. ' ‘the month of Duin-ha is over. Poi cheng ken arrives in Duin-ruk. Cows and buffaloes are bathed in water. ' Like the rural Thai people of Thailand , the house rural Ahom families have been made of wood and bamboo, and two roofs are typically thatched. Families' orchards and ploughed fields are situated near their house. Houses are built in
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2730-490: The band of followers of Sukaphaa moved about for nearly thirty years and mixed with the local population. He moved from place to place, searching for a seat. He made peace with the Borahi and Moran ethnic groups, and he and his mostly male followers married into them, creating an admixed population identified as Ahoms and initiating the process of Ahomisation . The Borahis, a Tibeto-Burman people, were completely subsumed into
2795-525: The course of history. Sukaphaa , the leader of the Tai group and his 9,000 followers established the Ahom kingdom (1228–1826 CE), which controlled much of the Brahmaputra Valley in modern Assam until 1826. The modern Ahom people and their culture are a syncretism of the original Tai and their culture and local Tibeto-Burman people and their cultures they absorbed in Assam. The local people of different ethnic groups of Assam that took to
2860-559: The creation of a total of 65 satras. However, today, only 22 of the original 65 are still active. Out of the 665 original satras in Assam, 65 were located in Majuli. The main surviving Satras (Satra) are: Neo-Vaishnavi preacher Madhavdev met his guru, Shankar Dev, the founder of neo-Vaishnavism, on the island in an event termed the "Manikanchan Sanjog." Madhavdev and his mentor enriched Assamese literature by writing, among other works, Nam Ghosa , Borgeet , and Bhatima . Following
2925-429: The early 19th-century. The loss of religions is also nearly complete, with only a few priestly families practising some aspects of it. While the written language (and ritualistic chants) survive in a vast number of written manuscripts, much of the spoken language is lost because the Ahom script does not mark tone and under-specifies vowel contrasts. Though the first political organisation (All Assam Ahom Association)
2990-538: The footsteps of these Vaishnavi leaders, the temples ( satras ) encouraged the writing of plays and devotional songs. Majuli has also given birth to a host of literary luminaries, including well-renowned writers such as Dhruba Jyoti Borah , poet and critic Rajib Borah, bilingual critic and writer Bhaskar Jyoti Nath, Juri Borah Borgohain, Deba Bhushan Borah, historian Dambarudhar Nath, novelist Gobin Khound, and poet Danny Gam. The second Assamese newspaper, Asom Bilasini ,
3055-497: The foundation stone for a two-lane bridge connecting Majuli (North Bank) and Jorhat (South Bank) was laid on 18 February 2021. This bridge will link Neematighat on the Jorhat side with Kamalabari on the Majuli side. River island These islands result from changes in the course of a river. Such changes may be caused by interactions with a tributary , or by the opposing fluvial actions of deposition and/or erosion that form
3120-427: The government. However, a nomination has been submitted to UNESCO for declaring Majuli as a World Heritage Site . Local environmental activist Jadav Payeng has planted a 550-hectare forest known as Molai Forest to combat erosion on the island. Much of the island was once barren sandbars that were vulnerable to erosion, but thanks to Payeng's afforestation efforts, it has become a lush forest. The forest has become
3185-661: The guidance of the Assamese saint Srimanta Sankardeva and his disciple Madhavdeva . Many of the satras built by Sankardeva still stand, reflecting the vibrant Assamese culture. Sankardeva sought refuge in Majuli, spending time in Belguri in West Majuli, where the historic Manikanchan Sanjog event took place when he met Madhavdeva for the first time. The first satra in Majuli was established in Belguri by Sankardeva, leading to
3250-581: The island with the establishment of medical centers and schools. Housing has also transitioned from traditional bamboo and mud structures to concrete buildings. The Ali aye ligang festival, celebrated in mid-February for five days, is a grand event that starts on the second Wednesday and ends on the first Wednesday of the Falgun month . Local dishes such as purang apin (packed boiled rice), apong (rice beer), and various pork, fish, and chicken dishes are served. The traditional Mising dance called Gumrag Soman
3315-490: The island. People from afar, including expatriates, come to celebrate. The satras have mastered various art and craft traditions, some of which are exclusive to this region. For instance, mask-making is a craft found in Natun Samuguri Satra, while Kamalabari Satra is renowned for crafting exceptional boats. Majuli has long been the center of Assamese neo-Vaishnavite culture, which began in the 15th century under
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#17327731245923380-461: The largest in the world. The dispute stems from the Araguaia River , which forms Bananal Island by either splitting into two separate rivers that later rejoin or remaining as one river that forms an island in its middle. The island was a long and slender piece of land located between two parallel rivers: the Brahmaputra to the north and the Burhidihing to the south, where they converged at
3445-513: The last three decades but have had little success. Recently, it was suggested that constructing a four-lane highway protected by a concrete mat along the southern boundary of Majuli, along with the excavation of the riverbed of the Brahmaputra River, could help address the issue. The project also includes two floodgates for the Kherkatia Suti, a tributary of the Brahmaputra. The Brahmaputra River Restoration Project has yet to be implemented by
3510-545: The latter half of the 20th century. Since 1991, more than 35 villages have been washed away, and surveys predict that Majuli may cease to exist within the next 15 to 20 years. To save the island, the Union Government of India has sanctioned ₹ 2.50 billion (US$ 55 million) for its protection. The Water Resources Department and the Brahmaputra Board have been struggling to solve the erosion problem for
3575-642: The middle of the 11th century after a long and fierce battle with the Northern Han Chinese. The Tai-Ahoms are traced to either Mong Mao of South China (present-day Dehong , Yunnan province of China) or to the Hukawng Valley in Myanmar . Sukaphaa , a Tai prince of Mong Mao , and a band of followers reached Assam in 1228 with an intention of settling there. They came with a higher technology of wet-rice cultivation then extant and
3640-649: The people abandoned the free usage of meat and drinks. Ahom food specialties resemble Thai cuisine. Like the Thais, the Ahoms prefer boiled food that have little spices and directly burnt fish, meat and vegetables like brinjal, tomato, etc. Some of them are Thu–dam (black lentil), Khao–Moon (Rice Frumenty), Xandohguri (a powder made from dry roasted rice), ChewaKhao (steamed rice), Chunga Chaul (sticky rice cooked in tender bamboo tubes), Til pitha (sesame rice rolls prepared from sticky rice powder), and Khao-tyek (rice flakes). The process of preparation of this item
3705-474: The religious practices of the indigenous peoples the assimilation under Ahomisation had little impediment. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the small Ahom community expanded their rule dramatically toward the west and they successfully saw off challenges from Mughal and other invaders, gaining them recognition in world history. The rapid expansion resulted in the Ahom people becoming a small minority in their own kingdom, of which they kept control. Eventually,
3770-479: The time of ingress into Assam, or soon thereafter, there were seven important clans, called Satghariya Ahoms (Ahoms of the Seven Houses). There were Su/Tsu (Tiger) clan to which the Chao-Pha (Sukaphaa) belonged; his two chief counselors Burhagohain ( Chao-Phrung-Mung ) and Borgohain ( Chao-Thao-Mung ); and three priestly clans: Bailung ( Mo-plang ), Deodhai ( Mo-sham ), Mohan ( Mo-hang ) and Siring. Soon
3835-563: The total number of people descended from the original Tai-Ahom settlers are as high as eight million. The Ahom script also finds a place in the Unicode Consortium and the script declared the topmost in the South-East Asia category. Ahom people today are categorised in the other backward classes (OBC) caste category; there is longstanding discussion and demand for Scheduled Tribe status. The term "ethnic Assamese"
3900-629: The usefulness of their talents, too were accepted as Ahoms. Currently, they represent the largest Tai group in India, with a population of nearly 4.6 million in Assam. Ahom people are found mostly in Upper Assam in the districts of Golaghat , Jorhat , Sibsagar , Charaideo , Dibrugarh , Tinsukia (south of Brahmaputra River); and in Lakhimpur , Sonitpur , Bishwanath ,and Dhemaji (north) as well as some area of Nagaon , Guwahati . Even though
3965-514: The weather conditions are favorable and the opportunities for wildlife observation are enhanced. Notable birdwatching locales on the island include: Majuli Port features a roll-on/roll-off (RORO) ferry service operated by the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAR) on National Waterway 2 (NW2). The service utilizes two low-draft vessels, each with a capacity of 200 passengers, four cars, and two trucks. Additionally,
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#17327731245924030-496: The world's largest river island instead, at 19,162 square kilometres (7,398 sq mi). However, Bananal Island is not considered a riverine island by some geologists, as they consider the Araguaia River to form two distributaries, and Bananal Island to be the landmass between these two distributed rivers. However, Bananal Island is technically an island as it does not touch the main landmass at any point. Umananda Island , at 0.02 square kilometres (0.0077 sq mi),
4095-472: Was created in 1893 it was in 1954 when Ahom connection to other Tai groups in Assam was formally established. The Tai-Ahom people's traditional social structure, called Ban-Mong, revolved around agriculture and centered on irrigation methods. The Ban or Ban Na is a unit composed of families that settled by the side of the rivers. While many Bans together forms a Mong which refers state. Ahom clans, called phoid s, formed socio-political entities. At
4160-423: Was published from Majuli starting in 1871. Majul is a wetland that serves as a habitat for various rare and endangered avian species, particularly migratory birds that visit during the winter. Notable species include the greater adjutant stork , pelican , Siberian crane , and whistling teal. After dark, wild geese and ducks take flight to distant destinations. The island remains relatively pollution-free due to
4225-420: Was quite unknown to population other than the Ahoms and the Thais. Khao (unboiled soft rice prepared from a special variety of sticky rice with a unique technique), Tupula Khao (a kind of rice cooked and packed with a particular kind of plant leaf with good smell called 'tora pat' and preserved bamboo sauce are some of the favourite food items of the Ahoms, which are similar to their traditional diet. Chaklong
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