The Eastern Alps are usually defined as the area east of a line from Lake Constance and the Alpine Rhine valley, up to the Splügen Pass at the Alpine divide , and down the Liro River to Lake Como in the south. The peaks and mountain passes are lower than the Western Alps , while the range itself is broader and less arched.
44-511: Mallersdorf-Pfaffenberg ( Central Bavarian : Mollaschdorf-Pfoffaberg ) is a municipality in the district of Straubing-Bogen in Bavaria , Germany and has around 7,000 inhabitants. Mallersdorf-Pfaffenberg is located in the heart of Bavaria in the south of Germany. The medieval cities of Regensburg and Landshut are within a 30 km radius and even the major cities Munich (München) and Nürnberg are around 100 km away. The town
88-864: A drainage basin that covers an area of 14,109 km (5,448 sq mi). It risesin the Hohe Tauern national park of the Central Eastern Alps in Austria with its source being 1,898 m (6,227 ft) above sea level. It is a tributary of the Drava and subsequently the Danube . The important rivers in Tyrol are the Adige , Inn , and Drau (or Drava ). The important river in Carinthia
132-769: A good portion of northern Slovenia ( Upper Carniola and Lower Styria ). In the south the range is bound by the Italian Padan Plain ; in the north the valley of the Danube River separates it from the Bohemian Massif . The easternmost spur is formed by the Vienna Woods range, with the Leopoldsberg overlooking the Danube and the Vienna basin , which is the transition zone to the arch of
176-710: A protected piece of upland forestry in Austria. The Pasterze Glacier a protected piece of mountain glacier in Austria. The ranges are subdivided by several deeply indented river valleys, mostly running east–west, including the Inn , Salzach , Enns , Adige , Drava , and Mur valleys. According to the traditional Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps (AVE) widely used by Austrian and German mountaineers , these mountain chains comprise several dozen smaller mountain groups, each assigned to four larger regions: For
220-475: A resurgence in 1869 as a franziscan order, the "Sisters of Mallersdorf"( established her mother's house there.) In 1972 the places Mallersdorf, Pfaffenberg, Holztraubach, Ascholtshausen, Oberellenbach, Oberlindhart were united to the market Mallersdorf-Pfaffenberg. The municipalities of Niederlindhart, Haselbach and Upfkofen came on 1 January 1978. On 1 July 1972 Mallersdorf lost the District's Office and came to
264-443: A secondary school is built on a hill above the idyllic Labertal ( Laber-valley ). The basilica affiliated to the cloister was begun in 1109 and received her today's rococo equipment in the middle of the 18th century. In the parish church Saint Johannes there is a high altar of Ignaz Günther . The order was founded by Paul Josef Nardini , who was venerated at 19 December 2005 and beatified at 22 October 2006 by Pope Benedict XVI at
308-667: A subgroup of Bavarian dialects in large parts of Austria and the German state of Bavaria along the Danube river, on the northern side of the Eastern Alps . They are spoken in the ' Old Bavarian ' regions of Upper Bavaria (with Munich (see Munich German)), Lower Bavaria and in the adjacent parts of the Upper Palatinate region around Regensburg , in Upper and Lower Austria , in Vienna (see Viennese German ), in
352-603: Is covered by forest (lagly beech, fir, and spruce) and the amount of forested land is still increasing. Mount Peca or Mount Raduha is in the eastern part of Kamnik–Savinja Alps of northern Slovenia . The Alpine Rhine has as its source the Swiss canton of Grisons, which flows through the Chur Rhine Valley, or Grisonian Rhine Valley ( German : Churer Rheintal, or Bündner Rheintal ) and Vorarlberg Rhine Valley ( German : Voralberger Rheintal ). It later forms
396-554: Is located in was probably inhabited in the early Stone Age . Several surviving pre-Roman place names exist in and about the city. In the 4th century Chur also became the seat of the first Christian bishopric north to the Alps . Despite a legend assigning its foundation to a legendary British king, St Lucius, the first known bishop is one Asinio in AD 451. In the 6th century the Slavs settled
440-744: Is mountainous. and the highest point of Liechtenstein is the Vordere Grauspitz (Vordergrauspitz) mountain with an altitude of 2599m above sea level. The Falknishorn, at 2452 meters above sea level, is the 5th highest mountain in Liechtenstein and represents the southernmost point of the country. The area known as the Liechtenstein-Graubünden-Vorarlberg border triangle is around the Naafkopf mountain that reaches 2570m above sea level. In addition to
484-575: Is the Drau (or Drava ). The important river in Slovenia is the Sava . Triglav National Park was founded in 1981. It was originally set out in 1924 on a smaller scale and scrapped between 1944 and 1961. The mountains of the canton include part of a thrust fault that was declared a geologic UNESCO World Heritage Site , under the name Swiss Tectonic Arena Sardona , in 2008. The Vienna Woods are
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#1732793038812528-573: Is the Piz Buin , whose rocky peak of 3,312 m (10,866 ft). The Silvretta Alps cut across Tirol and Vorarlberg (both in Austria), and Graubünden (Switzerland). Mount Sulzfluh is well frequented by climbers and is situated in the Rätikon range of the Alps , on the border between Austria and Switzerland . On the eastern side is a mountain path, of grade T4, allowing non-climbers to reach
572-625: Is today Ticino was settled by the Lepontii, a Celtic tribe. Later, probably around the reign of Augustus, it became part of the Roman Empire . In ancient times, the region had long been inhabited by the Celts before it became part of the ancient Roman provinces of Raetia and Noricum . There were two Celtic tribes settled in the future Vorarlberg area: the Raeti in the highlands, and
616-556: Is well known for the Mallersdorf Abbey , which exists since the 12th century. The Franciscan order of the "Mallersdorfer Schwestern" is busy around the world. Also Pope Benedict XVI enjoyed his vacations here. The history of the village Mallersdorf goes back to the Roman times, because the first castle, named "Madilhardisdorf" had been established on the foundation of a Roman fort. The name goes back to Mathilde von Lupburg,
660-564: The Bavarian stem duchy with the later Duchy of Austria . That means that the distinct languages of Vienna and Munich are very different from each other, but the dialects of any two neighbouring towns in between will be quite similar. However, due to influences of the corresponding political centres, discontinuous change is nowadays noticeable along the national border between Austria and Germany . Generally, Viennese has some characteristics differentiating it from other Bavarian dialects due to
704-737: The Carpathian Mountains . The highest mountain in the Eastern Alps is Piz Bernina at 4,049 m (13,284 ft) in the Bernina Group of the Western Rhaetian Alps in Switzerland. The sole four-thousander of the range, its name is taken from the Bernina Pass and was given in 1850 by Johann Coaz , who also made the first ascent. The rocks composing Piz Bernina are diorites and gabbros , while
748-872: The Karawanks mountain range of the Southern Limestone Alps and contains both the Meža Valley down to the confluence with the Drava Valley ( Dravska dolina ) and the Municipality of Jezersko south of the Seeberg Saddle mountain pass, totalling 478 km (185 sq mi): Austrian and Slovenian Carinthia has a very diverse landscape, with predominance of hilly and mountainous terrain of Pleistocene oragins and later scuptedby by former glaciers. Over 2/3s of Slovenian Carinthia
792-895: The Limes and caused widespread devastation of Roman cities and settlements in the Crisis of the Third Century . The Roman Empire succeeded in re-establishing the Rhine as the border, but it was now a frontier province. The late Roman influx from the north by the Alemanni also influenced the makeup of the Principality of Liechtenstein and is also evidenced by the remains of a Roman fort at Schaan . Roman villas have been excavated in Schaanwald and Nendeln . The area that Innsbruck
836-655: The Vindelici in the lowlands, i.e. the Lake Constance region and the Rhine Valley prior to the Romans conquered Vorarlberg area. Rome conquered the area of the future Municipality of Schellenberg in 15BCE. Most of the lands of the region were once part of a Roman province called Raetia , which was established in 15 BCE. The current capital of Graubünden, Chur , was known as Curia in Roman times. The area
880-556: The cloister of Mallersdorf on the Johannisberg, operated there from 1109 to 1803. Mallersdorf gained a great reputation in the scientific area due to its large library. The honorary title "sedes sapientiae" (seat of wisdom) testifies this position. In the course of the Säkularisation the cloister was converted into a farm with brewery. The library, as well as valuable sacred objects, was brought to Munich . The cloister had
924-515: The 2817 metre summit. There are six known caves in the limestone mountain, with lengths between 800 and 3000 or more yards, all with entrances on the Eastern side, in Switzerland. Mount Grauspitz ( Vorder Grauspitze or Vorder Grauspitz on some maps) is the highest summit of the Rätikon, located on the border between Liechtenstein and Switzerland . About half of Liechtenstein's territory
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#1732793038812968-597: The 9th abbess of the Reichsstift Niedermünster in Regensburg who owned vast ?. During the Carolingian 's time Mallersdorf belonged to the county of Kirchberg. The counts Heinrich and Ernst donated a cloister in 1107, which was first mentioned in a document in 1129, with the confirmation of the donation by emperor Lothar III . The Latin school, which was controlled by Benedictine monks in
1012-588: The Eastern Alps. The first signs of humans living in the area of present-day Liechtenstein can be dated back to the Middle Paleolithic era. Neolithic farming settlements appeared in the valleys around 5300 BCE. A Bronze Age settlement at the site goes back as far as the Pfyn culture (3900–3500 BCE), making Chur one of the oldest settlements in Switzerland . In ancient times, the area of what
1056-625: The Großglockner and the adjacent Pasterze Glacier has been a special protection area within the High Tauern National Park since 1986. Other high Tyrolian mountains include Königspitze (3,851 m), Monte Cevedale (3,769 m), and Wildspitze (3,768 m). Crossing Tyrol, on the border between North and South Tyrol, runs the main chain of the Alps . The city of Innsbruck is in the broad valley between high mountains of
1100-539: The Italian border from Frulia into Slovenia's Municipality of Bovec. The highest mountain is Mt. Triglav 2,864 m (9,396 ft). The High Tauern mountain range in which Mt Grossglockner , 3,797 m (12,457.35 ft) lies, separates Carentania from the state of Salzburg in the northwest. To the northeast and to the east beyond the Pack Saddle mountain pass is the state of Styria . Carinthia lies in
1144-539: The administrative district Straubing-Bogen . Therefore the sign MAL disappeared mainly from the streets. Mallersdorf-Pfaffenberg established town partnerships with Paderno del Grappa in Italy and Jedlicze in Poland . Godparenthood was taken in 1985 for the expelled Sudeten-German from the village of Krajková , formerly Gossengrun, in present-day Sokolov District . The franciscan cloister of Mallersdorf which pursues
1188-538: The area , and the local dioceses collapsed. This is shown in archaeological culture . A Slavic language group was established in the area. The Alpine Slavs , who are reckoned to be ancestors of present-day Slovenes, also settled in the easternmost mountainous areas of Friuli , known as the Friulian Slavia , as well in as the Karst Plateau and the area north and south of Gorizia . At this time, Chur
1232-512: The border between Bavaria and Austria . In all subgroups, hard consonants such as p, t, k are softened to become b, d, g . Eastern Alps The Eastern Alps include the eastern parts of Switzerland (mainly Graubünden ), all of Liechtenstein , and most of Austria from Vorarlberg to the east, as well as parts of extreme Southern Germany ( Upper Bavaria ), northwestern Italy ( Lombardy ), northeastern Italy ( Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol , Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia ) and
1276-469: The border between Switzerland to the west and Liechtenstein and later Austria to the east. The Mur ( German pronunciation: [ˈmuːɐ̯] ) or Mura ( Slovene pronunciation: [ˈmúːɾa] ; Croatian: [mǔːra] ; Hungarian: [ˈmurɒ] ; Prekmurje Slovene : Müra or Möra ) is a 464 kilometres (288 mi). long river in Central Europe with
1320-571: The breakdown of these regions into mountain groups see the List of mountain groups in the Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps . The Swiss Alpine Club (SAC) has a slightly different classification of the ranges, based on the political borders in the canton of Graubünden. In Italy the 1926 Partizione delle Alpi concept is quite common, recently superseded by the SOIUSA attempt to combine
1364-414: The cathedral at Speyer , Germany. Near Pfaffenberg is a Jewish monument. It was established in 1947 and was financed by donations of Jewish inhabitants of the region. It marks a tomb for 67 prisoners who had been force-marched from the concentration camp Buchenwald and were shot by German soldiers, before they could be freed by the allies. Central Bavarian Central or Middle Bavarian form
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1408-664: The different approaches. Other specific, especially hydrographical arrangements are also in use. The Alps comprise four main nappe systems: During the Würm glaciation , the Eastern Alps were drier than the Western Alps , with the contiguous ice shield ending in the region of the Niedere Tauern in Austria . This allowed many species to survive the ice age in the Eastern Alps where they could not survive elsewhere. For that reason, many species of plants are endemic to
1452-780: The fall of the Ostrogothic Kingdom in 553, the Germanic tribe of the Lombards invaded Italy via the Tyrol and founded the Lombard Kingdom of Italy , which no longer included all of Tyrol, but only its southern part. The northern part of Tyrol came under the influence of the Bavarii , while the west was probably part of Alamannia . Most of Tyrol came under the control of the Duchy of Bavaria (created c. 555) while
1496-568: The influence of languages spoken by people moving to Vienna from many areas of Austria-Hungary during the 19th century. A characteristic of Central Bavarian is the vocalization of l and r after e or i . E.g. the standard German viel becomes either vui (in Western Central Bavarian) or vüü (in Eastern Central Bavarian). The border between the western and eastern subgroups roughly coincides with
1540-405: The massif in general is composed of granites ( Piz Corvatsch , Piz Palü ). Excepting other peaks in the Bernina range, the next highest is the Ortler at 3,905 m (12,812 ft) in Italian South Tyrol and third the Großglockner , which stands on the border of Carinthia & East Tyrol in Austria, at 3,798 m (12,461 ft), the highest mountain of Austria. The region around
1584-412: The peaks of the Alpine chain, which belong to the Limestone Alps, two inselbergs , Fläscherberg (1135 meters above sea level .) in the south and Eschnerberg (698 m) in the north, rise from the Rhine Valley and belong to the Helvetic cover or flysch zone of the Alps. A sandstone mountain belt called the Flyschzone runs along the Northern Margin of the Limestone Alps and used to be part
1628-446: The rest remained under the Lombards. By the 590s AD, today's East Tyrol and Carinthia had come to be referred to in historical sources as Provincia Sclaborum (the Country of Slavs). The territory settled by Slavs, however, was also inhabited by remnants of the indigenous Romanised Celtic and Pannonian population, who preserved the Christian faith and helped convert the Slavs of Carantania . From 623 to 658 Slavic peoples between
1672-399: The so-called North Chain in the Karwendel Alps ( Hafelekarspitze , 2,334 metres or 7,657 feet) to the north and Patscherkofel (2,246 m or 7,369 ft) and Serles (2,718 m or 8,917 ft) to the south. The name "Innsbruck" means 'bridge over the Inn'. Vorarlberg 's notable mountain ranges include the Silvretta, the Rätikon, the Verwall and the Arlberg. The highest mountain
1716-416: The state of Salzburg , as well as in the northern and eastern parts of Styria and Burgenland . Before 1945 and the expulsions of the Germans , it was also spoken in Hungary and southern Bohemia and Moravia. It also influenced Austrian German . There are noticeable differences in the language within the group, but changes occur along a west-east dialect continuum on both sides of the historic border of
1760-471: The submereded sea bed of the Tethys Ocean . The chain also includes the Klippenzone and Steinitzer Wald . Liechtenstein lies entirely within the Rhaetikon and is thus allotted either to the Eastern Alps (two-part division of the Alps ) or to the Central Alps (three-part division of the Alps) depending on how its geology classified. The Rätikon mountain range, in the Central Eastern Alps , derives its name from Raetia . The Julian Alps cross
1804-466: The upper Elbe River and the Karawanks mountain range. They united under the leadership of King Samo (Kralj Samo). Carantania, (AKA: Carentania, Slovene: Karantanija, German: Karantanien, in Old Slavic *Korǫtanъ), was a former Alpine Slavic (Alpska Slovanščina) \proto-Slovenian principality that emerged from Samo's Empire in the second half of the 7th century, in the territory of present-day southern Austria and north-eastern Slovenia. Carantania
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1848-475: Was absorbed into the Frankish Empire in 745. The province of Lower Rhaetia was formed in 814. The Frankish March of Carinthia , created within the Carolingian Empire in 889. The city of Chur suffered several invasions: by the Magyars in 925–926, when the cathedral was destroyed, and by the Saracens (940 and 954), but afterwards it flourished thanks to its location, where the roads from several major Alpine transit routes come together and continue down
1892-465: Was also conquered by the Franks . After the fall of the Western Roman Empire , Ticino was ruled by the Ostrogoths , the Lombards and the Franks . The Alemanni or Alamanni , were a confederation of Germanic tribes on the Upper Rhine River. Eastern Switzerland, Vorarlberg and Liechtenstein was under the Alemanni and 73% of Liechtenstein's current population still speak the native Alemannic dialect of German at home as of 2022. After
1936-506: Was later part of the diocese of Chur . A Roman road crossed Liechtenstein from south to north, traversing the Alps by the Splügen Pass and following the right bank of the Rhine at the edge of the floodplain, for long uninhabited because of periodic flooding. Some Roman villas have been excavated in Schaanwald and Nendeln . Nearly 2,000 years later, some of the population of Graubünden still speak Romansh which has descended from Vulgar Latin . By 259, Alamanni tribes had overrun
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