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85-660: The Maltz Opera House is a theater in Alpena, Michigan , named after Alpena banker George L. Maltz . The Maltz is currently under restoration to its 1930s-era appearance, and is expected to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The original Maltz Opera House opened on November 11, 1879, and burned down in 1925. The rebuilt Maltz, renamed the State in 1955, was later operated by W.S. Butterfield Theatres , Carmike Cinemas , and AMC Theatres . AMC closed

170-503: A grain elevator , a gazebo and a bridge. Objects are usually artistic in nature, or small in scale compared to structures and buildings. Although objects may be movable, they are generally associated with a specific setting or environment. Examples of objects include monuments, sculptures and fountains. Sites are the locations of significant events, which can be prehistoric or historic in nature and represent activities or buildings (standing, ruined, or vanished). When sites are listed, it

255-472: A National Register nomination, although historians and historic preservation consultants often are employed for this work. The nomination consists of a standard registration form (NPS 10-900) and contains basic information about a property's physical appearance and the type of significance embodied in the building, structure, object, site, or district. The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) receives National Register nominations and provides feedback to

340-573: A federally-designated rural regional medical referral center, is the largest employer in the city of Alpena. Until it largely closed in 2022, Alpena's primary shopping center was the Alpena Mall , the only enclosed shopping mall in the northeastern Lower Peninsula . In full operation, the former mall featured approximately 20 stores, with JCPenney and Gordon Food Service as the anchor stores . Other retailers operate in this part of town and on M-32 west of town and south on US-23 . Alpena

425-563: A historic district are united historically or aesthetically, either by choice or by the nature of their development. There are several other different types of historic preservation associated with the properties of the National Register of Historic Places that cannot be classified as either simple buildings or historic districts. Through the National Park Service, the National Register of Historic Places publishes

510-518: A junior high, an alternative/adult high school, and six elementary schools. The elementary schools are Besser, Ella White, Hinks, Lincoln, Sanborn, and Wilson Elementary Schools. Geographically, it is the largest school district in the Lower Peninsula, encompassing more than 620 square miles (1,600 km ). There are two private schools in Alpena. All Saints Catholic School is affiliated with

595-646: A policy developed early in its history. The United States Supreme Court ruled in the 1971 case Citizens to Preserve Overton Park v. Volpe that parklands could have the same protected status as " historic sites ". Listed properties are generally in one of five broad categories, although there are special considerations for other types of properties that in anyone, or into more specialized subcategories. The five general categories for National Register properties are: building, structure, site, district and object. In addition, historic districts consist of contributing and non-contributing properties. Buildings, as defined by

680-607: A series of bulletins designed to aid in evaluating and applying the criteria for evaluation of different types of properties. Although the criteria are always the same, the manner they are applied may differ slightly, depending upon the type of property involved. The National Register bulletins describe the application of the criteria for aids to navigation, historic battlefields, archaeological sites, aviation properties, cemeteries and burial places, historic designed landscapes , mining sites, post offices, properties associated with significant persons, properties achieving significance within

765-637: A valuable role in preserving the numerous shipwrecks in Lake Huron, documenting a history of tragedy that spans over 300 years. The Great Lakes Maritime Heritage Center in Alpena is the interpretive and administrative center of the sanctuary, located on the banks of the Thunder Bay River. The local history of the Alpena area is documented by the Besser Museum , founded with an endowment from industrialist Jesse Besser . The Besser Museum

850-473: A village by the name of Fremont , after John C. Frémont . The community was briefly renamed Thunder Bay in 1857 before being renamed again to Alpena in 1871. The city of Alpena was officially incorporated by Michigan State Legislature on March 29, 1871. Most of the city was lost in the Great Michigan Fire of 1871. Less than one year later, on July 12, 1872, Alpena was hit by another fire,

935-594: Is a public-use airport located in Wilson Township, Michigan six miles (10 km) west of the central business district of Alpena. The Michigan Air National Guard 's Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center co-utilizes the airfield. Alpena is situated along the Lake State Railway , formerly the Detroit and Mackinac Railway (D&M). Earlier railroads that served Alpena were built and owned by

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1020-477: Is home to Lafarge-Holcim cement plant and to Besser Company (maker of a concrete block making machinery), as well as a drywall board manufacturing facility owned by Decorative Panels International. Rogers City is the location of the world's largest limestone quarry (see Michigan Limestone and Chemical Company ), which is used in steel making in the Great Lakes and Rust Belt regions. MidMichigan Health ,

1105-673: Is home to several radio stations . Alpena is the third smallest (208) Nielsen Designated Market Area (DMA) in the United States. Television stations located within the Alpena DMA : Cable only television: Northeast Michigan is also served by selected major network affiliates from the Northern Michigan DMA, as well as CBC Television programming from CBMT-DT in Montreal . Cable television service

1190-597: Is home to the Ojibwe , Ottawa , and Potawatomi people. These people groups inhabit the area surrounding the Great Lakes , including Michigan. The Thunder Bay Band of Chippewa and Ottawa merged with the Mackinac Bands of Chippewa and Ottawa Indians in the mid-1800s under Chief Way-ge-maw-waw-be. Alpena County was originally set off from Michilimackinac County as Anamickee County founded in 1840, which in 1843

1275-800: Is located on an 8 acres (3.2 ha) campus in northern Alpena, and is accredited by the American Alliance of Museums . Permanent attractions at the Besser Museum include a planetarium and the Katherine V. , a wooden fishing tug that spent its entire life on Lake Huron. The Besser Museum also features rotating collections of art, science, and local history. The museum is the publisher of The Town that Wouldn't Die: A Photographic History of Alpena, Michigan from Its Beginnings Through 1940 . The Alpena County George N. Fletcher Public Library serves Alpena County . Its special collections include

1360-408: Is on the shore of Lake Huron 's Thunder Bay , with Alpena Township surrounding it on land. Alpena has a humid continental climate ( Dfb ) with warm summers along with cool nights, moderated by nearby Lake Huron and cold, snowy winters with annual snowfall averaging 84 inches (210 cm). As of the census of 2010, there were 10,483 people, 4,734 households, and 2,565 families residing in

1445-536: Is only an exception to the criteria that shape listings within the National Register of Historic Places. Of the eight "exceptions" [or criteria considerations], Consideration G, for properties that have achieved significance within the past fifty years, is probably the best-known, yet also misunderstood preservation principle in America. The National Register evaluation procedures do not use the term "exclusions". The stricter National Historic Landmarks Criteria, upon which

1530-479: Is provided within Alpena and many outlying communities by Charter Communications . National Register of Historic Places The National Register of Historic Places ( NRHP ) is the United States federal government 's official list of sites, buildings, structures, districts , and objects deemed worthy of preservation for their historical significance or "great artistic value". The enactment of

1615-528: Is required to "take into account the effect of the undertaking" on the National Register property, as well as to afford the ACHP a reasonable opportunity to comment. While Section 106 does not mandate explicitly that any federal agency director accept the advice of the ACHP, their advice has a practical influence, especially given the statutory obligations of the NHPA that require federal agencies to "take into account

1700-621: Is supported by the newly opened Sanctuary Cinema, located in a former JCPenney store in Downtown Alpena, and the Maltz Opera House , currently under renovation to its 1920s-era appearance. Alpena County Regional Airport (IATA: APN, ICAO: KAPN, FAA LID: APN) is the northeast lower peninsula of Michigan's main commercial airport and handles daily Delta Connection flights to Detroit , Minneapolis/St. Paul via Detroit , and to Pellston operated by SkyWest Airlines . It

1785-462: Is the locations themselves that are of historical interest. They possess cultural or archaeological value regardless of the value of any structures that currently exist at the locations. Examples of types of sites include shipwrecks , battlefields , campsites , natural features and rock shelters . Historic districts possess a concentration, association, or continuity of the other four types of properties. Objects, structures, buildings and sites in

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1870-596: The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP) has the most significant role by Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act. The section requires that the director of any federal agency with direct or indirect jurisdiction of a project that may affect a property listed or determined eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places must first report to the Advisory Council . The director of said agency

1955-579: The Advisory Council on Historic Preservation (ACHP), to confront adverse effects of federal activities on historic preservation. To administer the newly created National Register of Historic Places, the National Park Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior, with director George B. Hartzog Jr. , established an administrative division named the Federal Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation (OAHP). Hartzog charged OAHP with creating

2040-518: The Alger Smith and Co. logging company: (1) the Detroit, Bay City and Alpena Railroad , which entered Alpena from the south around 1886, and (2) the Alpena and Northern Railroad . Alpena, along with the rest of Alpena County and portions of Presque Isle County , is served by Alpena Public Schools . Alpena Public Schools was established as the first county-wide school district in the state of Michigan in 1963. The district has one high school ,

2125-524: The Alpena Motor Car Company to turn the city into "Automobile City" and compete with Detroit . In 1920 the population of the city was 11,101, and in 1927 the trade through the city's port was valued over 8 million dollars, and the output of the 24 factories at a little under another 8 million. The city has a number of notable buildings, including the Art deco Alpena County Courthouse ,

2210-712: The Civil War in the Fourth Michigan Infantry . Maltz moved to Alpena in 1872, founded a major bank in the region, and served as Mayor of Alpena from 1873 to 1875. After the construction of the Opera House, Maltz served as Michigan State Treasurer , and later served on the Board of Regents of the University of Michigan . The Maltz Opera House began construction in 1876, and opened in 1879 as part of

2295-493: The I.O.O.F. Centennial Building , and Temple Beth El , one of the oldest synagogues in the United States . There are seven recognized historical markers in the city: According to the United States Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 9.23 square miles (23.91 km ), of which, 8.54 square miles (22.12 km ) of it is land and 0.69 square miles (1.79 km ) (7.48%) is water. The city

2380-664: The National Historic Landmarks designated before the Register's creation, as well as any other historic sites in the National Park System. Approval of the act, which was amended in 1980 and 1992, represented the first time the United States had a broad-based historic preservation policy. The 1966 act required those agencies to work in conjunction with the SHPO and an independent federal agency ,

2465-603: The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) in 1966 established the National Register and the process for adding properties to it. Of the more than one and a half million properties on the National Register, 95,000 are listed individually. The remainder are contributing resources within historic districts . For most of its history, the National Register has been administered by the National Park Service (NPS), an agency within

2550-569: The United States Department of the Interior . In February 1983, the two assistant directorates were merged to promote efficiency and recognize the interdependency of their programs. Jerry L. Rogers was selected to direct this newly merged associate directorate. He was described as a skilled administrator, who was sensitive to the need for the NPS to work with SHPOs, academia and local governments. Although not described in detail in

2635-467: The United States Department of the Interior . Its goals are to help property owners and interest groups, such as the National Trust for Historic Preservation , and coordinate, identify and protect historic sites in the United States. While National Register listings are mostly symbolic, their recognition of significance provides some financial incentive to owners of listed properties. Protection of

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2720-624: The 1966 act, SHPOs eventually became integral to the process of listing properties on the National Register. The 1980 amendments of the 1966 law further defined the responsibilities of SHPOs concerning the National Register. Several 1992 amendments of the NHPA added a category to the National Register, known as Traditional Cultural Properties: those properties associated with Native American or Hawaiian groups. The National Register of Historic Places has grown considerably from its legislative origins in 1966. In 1986, citizens and groups nominated 3,623 separate properties, sites and districts for inclusion on

2805-585: The NPS history programs affiliated with both the U.S. National Park system and the National Register were categorized formally into two "Assistant Directorates". Established were the Assistant Directorate for Archeology and Historic Preservation and the Assistant Directorate for Park Historic Preservation. From 1978 until 1981, the main agency for the National Register was the Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service (HCRS) of

2890-643: The National Park Service, including National Historic Sites (NHS), National Historical Parks , National Military Parks /Battlefields, National Memorials and some National Monuments . There are also 35 listed sites in the three island countries with a Compact of Free Association with the United States, as well as one site in Morocco, the American Legation in Tangier . Listing in the National Register does not restrict private property owners from

2975-448: The National Register criteria are based, do specify exclusions, along with corresponding "exceptions to the exclusions", which are supposed to apply more narrowly. A multiple property submission (MPS) is a thematic group listing of the National Register of Historic Places that consists of related properties that share a common theme and can be submitted as a group. Multiple property submissions must satisfy certain basic criteria for

3060-686: The National Register program mandated by the 1966 law. Ernest Connally was the Office's first director. Within OAHP new divisions were created to deal with the National Register. The division administered several existing programs, including the Historic Sites Survey and the Historic American Buildings Survey , as well as the new National Register and Historic Preservation Fund . The first official Keeper of

3145-569: The National Register when they become administered by the National Park Service. These include National Historic Landmarks (NHL), National Historic Sites (NHS), National Historical Parks , National Military Parks , National Memorials , and some National Monuments . On October 15, 1966, the Historic Preservation Act created the National Register of Historic Places and the corresponding State Historic Preservation Offices (SHPO). The National Register initially consisted of

3230-601: The National Register, a total of 75,000 separate properties. Of the more than one and a half million properties on the National Register, 95,000 are listed individually. Others are listed as contributing members within historic districts . It is hereby declared to be the policy of the United States Government that special effort should be made to preserve the natural beauty of the countryside and public park and recreation lands, wildlife and waterfowl refuges, and historic sites. Any individual can prepare

3315-530: The National Register, are distinguished in the traditional sense. Examples include a house, barn, hotel, church, or similar construction. They are created primarily to shelter human activity. The term building, as in outbuilding, can be used to refer to historically and functionally related units, such as a courthouse and a jail or a barn and a house. Structures differ from buildings in that they are functional constructions meant to be used for purposes other than sheltering human activity. Examples include an aircraft,

3400-460: The National Register. After the nomination is recommended for listing in the National Register by the SHPO, the nomination is sent to the National Park Service, which approves or denies the nomination. If approved, the property is entered officially by the Keeper of the National Register into the National Register of Historic Places. Property owners are notified of the nomination during the review by

3485-526: The National Register: religious properties (e.g., churches); buildings that have been moved; birthplaces or graves of important persons; cemeteries; reconstructed properties; commemorative properties (e.g., statues); and "properties that have achieved significance within the last fifty years". However, if they meet particular "Criteria Considerations" for their category in addition to the overall criteria, they are, in fact, eligible. Hence, despite

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3570-744: The Northeast Michigan Oral History Archive, the comprehensive Great Lakes Maritime Collection, and a full collection of Alpena newspapers dating back to 1871. Arts organizations in the Alpena area include the Alpena Symphony Orchestra; the Alpena Civic Theatre; and the Thunder Bay Theatre, Northeast Michigan's year-round professional theatre located in the historic 1904 Spens Block on North Second Ave. Cinema in Alpena

3655-548: The Register was William J. Murtagh , an architectural historian . During the Register's earliest years in the late 1960s and early 1970s, organization was lax and SHPOs were small, understaffed and underfunded. However, funds were still being supplied for the Historic Preservation Fund to provide matching grants-in-aid to listed property owners, first for house museums and institutional buildings, but later for commercial structures as well. In 1979,

3740-426: The Register, as well as those located in and contributing to the period of significance of National Register Historic Districts, became eligible for the federal tax benefits. Owners of income-producing properties listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places or of properties that are contributing resources within a National Register Historic District may be eligible for a 20% investment tax credit for

3825-527: The SHPO and state's historic review commission. If an owner objects to a nomination of private property, or in the case of a historic district, a majority of owners, then the property cannot be listed in the National Register of Historic Places. For a property to be eligible for the National Register of Historic Places, it must meet at least one of its four main criteria. Information about architectural styles , association with various aspects of social history and commerce and ownership are all integral parts of

3910-662: The Sanctuary Cinema. Demolition work on the interior of the State in early 2021 revealed the original interior of the Maltz Theater. The auditorium features the original plaster statues and murals, and the dressing rooms have signatures on the walls from performers in years past. The Konczak family restored the Maltz Opera House name, and intend to reopen the Maltz as a live performance venue. In 2022,

3995-529: The State in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The State was purchased in 2021 by Jeff and Tina Konczak of Alpena, and renovations are in progress as of 2023. The Konczak family intend to reopen the theater as a live performance venue. The Maltz' namesake, George L. Maltz , was a respected citizen of Alpena in the late 19th century. Maltz was born in Brooklyn and moved to Detroit in 1846, and later served in

4080-469: The State in the early 2000s. Their discussions with Carmike Cinemas were progressing, but ended when AMC Theatres bought out Carmike in 2016. AMC operated the State until 2020, when it and other AMC theaters closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The Konczak family bought the State and its sibling the Royal Knight in 2021. The Royal Knight, located in a former JCPenney store, reopened in 2023 as

4165-403: The average family size was 2.93. In the city, the population was spread out, with 23.0% under the age of 18, 9.2% from 18 to 24, 26.5% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 19.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males. The median income for a household in the city

4250-421: The city. The population density was 1,227.5 inhabitants per square mile (473.9/km ). There were 5,278 housing units at an average density of 618.0 per square mile (238.6/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 96.8% White , 0.5% African American , 0.4% Native American , 0.7% Asian , 0.1% Pacific Islander , 0.1% from other races , and 1.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.0% of

4335-427: The city. The population density was 1,348.9 inhabitants per square mile (520.8/km ). There were 5,200 housing units at an average density of 620.5 per square mile (239.6/km ). The racial makeup of the city was 97.66% White , 0.42% African American , 0.43% Native American , 0.48% Asian , 0.01% Pacific Islander , 0.09% from other races , and 0.91% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.59% of

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4420-538: The effect of the undertaking". In cases where the ACHP determines federal action will have an "adverse effect" on historic properties, mitigation is sought. Typically, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) is created by which the involved parties agree to a particular plan. Many states have laws similar to Section 106. In contrast to conditions relating to a federally designated historic district, municipal ordinances governing local historic districts often restrict certain kinds of changes to properties. Thus, they may protect

4505-523: The forbidding language, these kinds of places are not actually excluded as a rule. For example, the Register lists thousands of churches. There is a misconception that there is a strict rule that a property must be at least 50 years old to be listed in the National Register of Historic Places. In reality, there is no hard rule. John H. Sprinkle Jr., deputy director of the Federal Preservation Institute, stated: [T]his "rule"

4590-692: The four Roman Catholic parishes in the city (St. Anne's, St. Bernard's, St. John the Baptist and St. Mary of the Immaculate Conception) and provides preschool to 8th grade education. Immanuel Lutheran School is supported by the Immanuel Lutheran Church and has preschool to 8th grade classes. Alpena is also home to Alpena Community College . ACC is a two-year associates program that has partnerships with Spring Arbor University and several other Michigan institutions. Alpena

4675-401: The future. Thus, additions to an MPS can occur over time. The nomination of individual properties in an MPS is accomplished in the same manner as other nominations. The name of the "thematic group" denotes the historical theme of the properties. It is considered the "multiple property listing". Once an individual property or a group of properties is nominated and listed in the National Register,

4760-543: The group of properties to be included in the National Register. The process begins with the multiple property documentation form which acts as a cover document rather than the nomination to the National Register of Historic Places. The purpose of the documentation form is to establish the basis of eligibility for related properties. The information of the multiple property documentation form can be used to nominate and register related historic properties simultaneously, or to establish criteria for properties that may be nominated in

4845-460: The larger Maltz Block. The 832-seat theater was located on the second floor of the building, and featured a 52-volt electrical system and ten complete sets of scenery. The original Maltz Opera House was extensively renovated around 1924. The block burned down only months later in January 1925, causing $ 150,000 ($ 2.6 million in 2023) in damage. The rebuilt Maltz Theater opened in 1925. The theater

4930-408: The largest in its history, which destroyed 15 acres (6.1 ha) of homes and businesses for a total amount of 65 buildings. The blaze started in a barn and lasted for two hours, killing at least four people and causing at least $ 180,000 (equivalent to $ 4,580,000 in 2023) in damages. Alpena was again hit by a disastrous fire on July 11, 1888. In the early 1910s a failed attempt was led by

5015-480: The last fifty years, rural historic landscapes, traditional cultural properties and vessels and shipwrecks. Properties are not protected in any strict sense by the Federal listing. States and local zoning bodies may or may not choose to protect listed historic places. Indirect protection is possible, by state and local regulations on the development of National Register properties and by tax incentives. By contrast,

5100-835: The multiple property documentation form, combined with the individual National Register of Historic Places nomination forms, constitute a multiple property submission. Examples of MPS include the Lee County Multiple Property Submission , the Warehouses in Omaha , the Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia and the Illinois Carnegie Libraries . Before the term "Multiple Property Submission"

5185-441: The name change. The State Theater was formerly equipped with a pipe organ . The organ was removed from service with the advent of "talkies," and was sold to the Immanuel Lutheran Church in 1976. W.S. Butterfield Theatres sold its theaters, including the State, to GKC Theatres in 1984. GKC Theatres began converting the State into a multiplex in 1990, installing new walls inside the former single auditorium, and leaving much of

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5270-739: The nine buildings included in the University of Connecticut Historic District in Storrs, Connecticut (listed in 1989, demolished in 2017), and the Terrell Jacobs Circus Winter Quarters in Peru, Indiana (listed in 2012, demolished in 2021). In France , designation of monument historique is similar to NRHP listing. In the French program, however, permanent restrictions are imposed upon designated monuments, for example requiring advance approval for any renovation of

5355-553: The nominating individual or group. After preliminary review, the SHPO sends each nomination to the state's historic review commission, which then recommends whether the State Historic Preservation Officer should send the nomination to the Keeper of the National Register . For any non-Federally owned property, only the State Historic Preservation Officer may officially nominate a property for inclusion in

5440-639: The nomination. Each nomination contains a narrative section that provides a detailed physical description of the property and justifies why it is significant historically with regard either to local, state, or national history. The four National Register of Historic Places criteria are the following: The criteria are applied differently for different types of properties; for instance, maritime properties have application guidelines different from those of buildings. The National Park Service names seven categories of properties that "are not usually considered for" and "ordinarily ... shall not be considered eligible for"

5525-403: The now-defunct Save America's Treasures grants, which apply specifically to properties entered in the Register with national significance or designated as National Historic Landmarks . The NHPA did not distinguish between properties listed in the National Register of Historic Places and those designated as National Historic Landmarks concerning qualification for tax incentives or grants. This

5610-524: The original plaster work and decor intact. The first phase of the renovations separated the balcony from the main floor in 1990, and the second phase in 1994 split the main floor into three. Carmike Cinemas purchased the theater from GKC in 2005, as part of a larger transaction of 30 theaters. Under Carmike's operation, the theater was known as the Carmike State Cinemas. Jeff and Tina Konczak, local property developers, intended to purchase

5695-566: The owners of the Maltz announced that they would pursue a National Register of Historic Places listing for the theater. Alpena, Michigan Alpena is located at the head of Thunder Bay , a bay of Lake Huron . Offshore of Alpena is the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary , which protects an estimated 116 historically significant shipwrecks . Alpena is the third-largest American city on Lake Huron, behind Bay City and Port Huron . The Alpena area

5780-442: The population. There were 4,734 households, of which 24.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 38.3% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 45.8% were non-families. 39.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size

5865-409: The population. There were 4,874 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.1% were married couples living together, 11.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.2% were non-families. 35.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.24 and

5950-463: The preservation of income-producing historic properties. The National Park Service was given the responsibility to ensure that only rehabilitations that preserved the historic character of a building would qualify for federal tax incentives. A qualifying rehabilitation is one that the NPS deems consistent with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation. Properties and sites listed in

6035-480: The properties that were demolished or otherwise destroyed after their listing are the Jobbers Canyon Historic District in Omaha, Nebraska (listed in 1979, demolished in 1989), Pan-Pacific Auditorium in Los Angeles, California (listed in 1978, destroyed in a fire in 1989), Palace Amusements in Asbury Park, New Jersey (listed in 2000, demolished in 2004), The Balinese Room in Galveston, Texas (listed in 1997, destroyed by Hurricane Ike in 2008), seven of

6120-475: The property is not guaranteed. During the nomination process, the property is evaluated in terms of the four criteria for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. The application of those criteria has been the subject of criticism by academics of history and preservation, as well as the public and politicians. A property listed in the National Register, or located within a National Register Historic District , may qualify for tax incentives derived from

6205-498: The property more than a National Register listing does. The Department of Transportation Act , passed on October 15, 1966, the same day as the National Historic Preservation Act, included provisions that addressed historic preservation. The DOT Act is much more general than Section 106 NHPA in that it refers to properties other than those listed in the Register. The more general language has allowed more properties and parklands to enjoy status as protected areas by this legislation,

6290-615: The rehabilitation of the historic structure. The rehabilitation may be of a commercial, industrial, or residential property, for rentals. The tax incentives program is operated by the Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives program, which is managed jointly by the National Park Service, individual State Historic Preservation Offices and the Internal Revenue Service . Some property owners may also qualify for grants, like

6375-413: The state of Colorado, for example, does not set any limits on owners of National Register properties. Until 1976, federal tax incentives were virtually non-existent for buildings on the National Register. Before 1976 the federal tax code favored new construction rather than the reuse of existing, sometimes historical, structures. In 1976, the tax code was altered to provide tax incentives that promote

6460-514: The total value of expenses incurred in preserving the property. Properties can be nominated in a variety of forms, including individual properties, historic districts and multiple property submissions (MPS). The Register categorizes general listings into one of five types of properties: district, site, structure, building or object. National Register Historic Districts are defined geographical areas consisting of contributing and non-contributing properties. Some properties are added automatically to

6545-418: The use of their property. Some states and municipalities, however, may have laws that become effective when a property is listed in the National Register. If federal money or a federal permitting process is involved, Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 is invoked. Section 106 requires the federal agency involved to assess the effect of its actions on historic resources. Statutorily,

6630-472: Was $ 30,353, and the median income for a family was $ 40,056. Males had a median income of $ 34,534 versus $ 21,951 for females. The per capita income for the city was $ 17,476. About 10.4% of families and 13.5% of the population were below the poverty line , including 16.5% of those under age 18 and 6.6% of those age 65 or over. While tourism is an important component of the area's economy, both Alpena and Rogers City have an industrial base. In particular, Alpena

6715-439: Was 2.13 and the average family size was 2.84. The median age in the city was 42.5 years. 20.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.7% were from 25 to 44; 27.9% were from 45 to 64; and 19.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.7% male and 52.3% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 11,304 people, 4,874 households, and 2,865 families residing in

6800-465: Was a more conventional design, with the auditorium on the first floor. The new Maltz focused on fireproofing, with a concrete and steel structure, and fireproof materials throughout the building. W. S. Butterfield Theatres gained control of the theater in 1927, expanding the chain to 75 theaters in Michigan. In 1929, $ 30,000 (equivalent to $ 532,000 in 2023) of Movietone and Vitaphone equipment

6885-482: Was also home to the Alpena Thunder hockey team, which was disbanded in 2011. Alpena is served by a number of institutions that enhance the artistic and cultural character of the city, reflecting its rich heritage in Great Lakes shipping and industry. Alpena is the gateway to the Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary , one of Michigan's 13 underwater preserves . The cold, fresh waters of the Great Lakes serve

6970-411: Was changed to Alpena, a pseudo-Native American word — a neologism coined by Henry Schoolcraft , meaning something like "a good partridge country." This was part of a much larger effort to rename a great many of the Michigan counties at the time. The first European settler at modern-day Alpena was W.F. Cullings, a fisherman in 1835. In 1856, George W. Fletcher and three others from Detroit platted

7055-501: Was deliberate, as the authors of the act had learned from experience that distinguishing between categories of significance for such incentives caused the lowest category to become expendable. Essentially, this made the Landmarks a kind of "honor roll" of the most significant properties of the National Register of Historic Places. As of 1999, 982 properties have been removed from the Register, most often due to being destroyed. Among

7140-496: Was installed. The first sound film , The Bellamy Trial , opened on April 21, 1929, with the day's showings selling over 4000 tickets. On August 3, 1955, the Maltz reopened as the State Theater. The newly renovated State featured air conditioning and CinemaScope film technology. A new horizontal "State" marquee was also installed, replacing the vertical "Maltz" marquee. W. S. Butterfield Theatres gave no explanation for

7225-671: Was introduced in 1984, such listings were known as "Thematic Resources", such as the Operating Passenger Railroad Stations Thematic Resource , or "Multiple Resource Areas". A listing on the National Register of Historic Places is governmental acknowledgment of a historic district, site, building, or property. However, the Register is mostly "an honorary status with some federal financial incentives". The National Register of Historic Places automatically includes all National Historic Landmarks as well as all historic areas administered by

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