119-455: Manoj Kumar (born Harikrishan Goswami ; 24 July 1937) is an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter, lyricist and editor who worked in Hindi cinema who is retired actor. He is known for acting and making films with patriotic themes , and has been given the nickname Bharat Kumar . He is the recipient of a National Film Award and seven Filmfare Awards , in varied categories. He was honoured
238-573: A parallel cinema movement. Although the movement (emphasising social realism ) was led by Bengali cinema , it also began gaining prominence in Hindi cinema. Early examples of parallel cinema include Dharti Ke Lal (1946), directed by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas and based on the Bengal famine of 1943 , Neecha Nagar (1946) directed by Chetan Anand and written by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, and Bimal Roy's Do Bigha Zamin (1953). Their critical acclaim and
357-537: A vigilante or anti-hero whose suppressed rage voiced the anguish of the urban poor. Hindi films have been a significant form of soft power for India, increasing its influence and changing overseas perceptions of India. In Germany , Indian stereotypes included bullock carts , beggars, sacred cows, corrupt politicians, and catastrophes before Bollywood and the IT industry transformed global perceptions of India. According to author Roopa Swaminathan, "Bollywood cinema
476-523: A Hong Kong remake, The Brothers (1979), which inspired John Woo 's internationally acclaimed breakthrough A Better Tomorrow (1986); the latter was a template for Hong Kong action cinema 's heroic bloodshed genre. "Angry young man" 1970s epics such as Deewaar and Amar Akbar Anthony (1977) also resemble the heroic-bloodshed genre of 1980s Hong Kong action cinema. The influence of filmi may be seen in popular music worldwide. Technopop pioneers Haruomi Hosono and Ryuichi Sakamoto of
595-530: A bad influence on her classmates, and was faced with a choice of either doing films or studying further. At that point, her father advised her to move ahead in life, commit herself to a film career and 'give it her all' in order to become successful. Tagore began her career as an actress in Satyajit Ray 's Bengali epic drama Apur Sansar (1959), as an ill-fated bride. In 1960, Ray cast her again in Devi ,
714-534: A businessman who served as chief operating officer of Britannia Industries for several years, died as the founder and managing director of Unibic Foods in November 2019. Tagore attended St. John's Diocesan Girls' Higher Secondary School and Loreto Convent, Asansol . She made her film debut when she was a 13-year-old schoolgirl, after which her studies lost priority. Within a short while, her attendance and performance at school suffered, she came to be regarded as
833-442: A colour version of Mother India . However, colour did not become a popular feature until the late 1950s. At this time, lavish romantic musicals and melodramas were cinematic staples. The decade of the 1940s saw an expansion of Bombay cinema's commercial market and its presence in the national consciousness. The year 1943 saw the arrival of Indian cinema's first 'blockbuster' offering, the movie Kismet , which grossed in excess of
952-532: A commercial success, and Raj Kapoor 's Mera Naam Joker (in which he had a supporting role) flopped at the time of release, but gained cult status with the passage of time and the growing visibility of Indian content in world cinema. After delivering a moderate success with Balidaan in 1971, the following year, he starred in Sohanlal Kanwar's Be-Imaan and directed and starred in Shor . While Be-Imaan
1071-501: A contemporary urban context and anguished urban poor. By the mid-1970s, romantic confections had given way to gritty, violent crime films and action films about gangsters (the Bombay underworld ) and bandits ( dacoits ). Salim-Javed's writing and Amitabh Bachchan's acting popularised the trend with films such as Zanjeer and (particularly) Deewaar , a crime film inspired by Gunga Jumna which pitted "a policeman against his brother,
1190-416: A film based on the popular slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kissan ("Hail the soldier, hail the farmer"). The result was his directorial debut, the patriotic drama Upkar (1967). It opened to critical acclaim and topped the box office chart that year, eventually emerging an All Time Blockbuster . Its music was the sixth best-selling Hindi film album of the 1960s. One of the song from Upkar , " Mere Desh Ki Dharti "
1309-590: A film of scenes from that show, The Flower of Persia (1898). The Wrestlers (1899) by H. S. Bhatavdekar showed a wrestling match at the Hanging Gardens in Bombay . Dadasaheb Phalke 's silent film Raja Harishchandra (1913) is the first feature-length film made in India. The film, being silent, had English , Marathi , and Hindi -language intertitles . By the 1930s, the Indian film industry as
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#17328012630981428-657: A film set in 1860 on Hindu orthodoxy and rational reforms, which she considers her favourite film and performance. She went onto appear in Bengali films Shes Anko and Nirjan Saikate , winning the IFFI Best Actor Award (Female) for the latter, alongside Chhaya Devi , Ruma Guha Thakurta , Renuka Devi and Bharati Devi. Tagore made her Hindi film debut with Shakti Samanta 's musical romance Kashmir Ki Kali (1964) alongside Shammi Kapoor . She and Samanta collaborated on several of his later films, including
1547-497: A gang leader based on real-life smuggler Haji Mastan " (Bachchan); according to Danny Boyle , Deewaar was "absolutely key to Indian cinema". In addition to Bachchan, several other actors followed by riding the crest of the trend (which lasted into the early 1990s). Actresses from the era include Hema Malini , Jaya Bachchan , Raakhee , Shabana Azmi , Zeenat Aman , Parveen Babi , Rekha , Dimple Kapadia , Smita Patil , Jaya Prada and Padmini Kolhapure . The name "Bollywood"
1666-546: A genre of dacoit films , in turn defined by Gunga Jumna (1961). Written and produced by Dilip Kumar, Gunga Jumna was a dacoit crime drama about two brothers on opposite sides of the law (a theme which became common in Indian films during the 1970s). Some of the best-known epic films of Hindi cinema were also produced at this time, such as K. Asif 's Mughal-e-Azam (1960). Other acclaimed mainstream Hindi filmmakers during this period included Kamal Amrohi and Vijay Bhatt . The three most popular male Indian actors of
1785-530: A global presence". Scholar Brigitte Schulze has written that Indian films, most notably Mehboob Khan 's Mother India (1957), played a key role in shaping the Republic of India 's national identity in the early years after independence from the British Raj ; the film conveyed a sense of Indian nationalism to urban and rural citizens alike. Bollywood has long influenced Indian society and culture as
1904-783: A good film is generally referred to as paisa vasool , (literally "money's worth"). Songs, dances, love triangles, comedy and dare-devil thrills are combined in a three-hour show (with an intermission). These are called masala films , after the Hindi word for a spice mixture. Like masalas , they are a mixture of action, comedy and romance; most have heroes who can fight off villains single-handedly. Bollywood plots have tended to be melodramatic , frequently using formulaic ingredients such as star-crossed lovers, angry parents, love triangles, family ties, sacrifice, political corruption, kidnapping, villains, kind-hearted courtesans , long-lost relatives and siblings, reversals of fortune and serendipity . Parallel cinema films tended to be less popular at
2023-600: A hiatus of 13 years, she made her film comeback with the drama Gulmohar (2023). Apart from acting, Tagore has also served as the chairperson of the Central Board of Film Certification from October 2004 to March 2011. In December 2005, she was chosen as a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador . She was married to cricketer and the Nawab of Pataudi , Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi , with whom she had three children—actors Saif and Soha , and jewellery designer Saba . Sharmila Tagore
2142-831: A journalist in Nayak , a club dancer in An Evening in Paris ,a widow in Aradhana ,a surgeon in Safar , a woman disowned by her husband in Amar Prem , a teacher and victim of abuse in Daag and a prostitute in Mausam . Filmfare added her performances in Mausam in its list of Bollywood's "80 Iconic Performances", placing it at the 59th place. Subhash K. Jha of Firstpost termed her
2261-580: A long hiatus." India Today also opined that, "Tagore is always a joy to watch on screen. And, what a comeback!" Her performance earned her the Filmfare OTT Award for Best Actress (Critics) in a Web Original Film, in addition to a nomination for Best Actress in a Web Original Film. Tagore is also set to make her comeback to Bengali films after 14 years with Suman Ghosh's Puratawn . Tagore converted to Islam , changed her name to Begum Ayesha Sultana, and married Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi ,
2380-464: A major influence. During the early 20th century, Urdu was the lingua franca of popular cultural performance across northern India and established in popular performance art traditions such as nautch dancing, Urdu poetry , and Parsi theater. Urdu and related Hindi dialects were the most widely understood across northern India, and Hindustani became the standard language of early Indian talkies. Films based on " Persianate adventure-romances" led to
2499-424: A movie premiere, by holding his hand over his face. Kumar filed a lawsuit which was settled out of court. Like many other Bollywood stars, Kumar decided to enter politics following his retirement. Before the 2004 general election in India, he officially joined Bharatiya Janta Party . Manoj Kumar is regarded as one of the greatest actors of Indian cinema. He is noted for his acting, style and patriotic films. One of
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#17328012630982618-402: A new generation of popular actors, including the three Khans : Aamir Khan , Shah Rukh Khan , and Salman Khan , who have starred in most of the top ten highest-grossing Bollywood films . The Khans and have had successful careers since the late 1980s and early 1990s, and have dominated the Indian box office for three decades. Shah Rukh Khan was the most successful Indian actor for most of
2737-748: A nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress . Tagore played pivotal roles in the Bengali action film Protidan (1983) opposite Naseeruddin Shah , and Mira Nair 's interracial romantic drama Mississippi Masala (1991). She also appeared in supporting roles in Ghar Bazar (1998) and Mann (1999). During this period, she also appeared in two television shows, Katha Sagar (1986) for DD National and Zindagi (1999) for Star Plus . Tagore starred alongside her son Saif Ali Khan in his debut film Aashik Awara (1993) and
2856-746: A popular genre of " Arabian Nights cinema". Scholars Chaudhuri Diptakirti and Rachel Dwyer and screenwriter Javed Akhtar identify Urdu literature as a major influence on Hindi cinema. Most of the screenwriters and scriptwriters of classic Hindi cinema came from Urdu literary backgrounds, from Khwaja Ahmad Abbas and Akhtar ul Iman to Salim–Javed and Rahi Masoom Raza ; a handful came from other Indian literary traditions, such as Bengali and Hindi literature . Most of Hindi cinema's classic scriptwriters wrote primarily in Urdu, including Salim-Javed, Gulzar , Rajinder Singh Bedi , Inder Raj Anand , Rahi Masoom Raza and Wajahat Mirza . Urdu poetry and
2975-641: A renaissance of Western musical films such as Chicago , Rent , and Dreamgirls . Indian film composer A. R. Rahman wrote the music for Andrew Lloyd Webber 's Bombay Dreams , and a musical version of Hum Aapke Hain Koun was staged in London's West End. The sports film Lagaan (2001) was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , and two other Hindi films (2002's Devdas and 2006's Rang De Basanti ) were nominated for
3094-462: A similar influence on Amitabh Bachchan , Naseeruddin Shah , Shah Rukh Khan and Nawazuddin Siddiqui . Veteran actresses such as Suraiya , Nargis , Sumitra Devi , Madhubala , Meena Kumari , Waheeda Rehman , Nutan , Sadhana , Mala Sinha and Vyjayanthimala have had their share of influence on Hindi cinema. While commercial Hindi cinema was thriving, the 1950s also saw the emergence of
3213-508: A superhit, which was attributed to its watertight screenplay and melodious songs composed by Madan Mohan , such as "Lag Jaa Gale" and "Naina Barse Rimjhim", both solos by Lata Mangeshkar . 1965 was a big year for Kumar, as it initiated his rise to stardom. His first release was patriotic drama Shaheed , based on the life of Bhagat Singh , the Independence revolutionary. It received highly positive responses from critics as well as
3332-655: A supporting role in the romantic comedy-drama Break Ke Baad , which earned her critical acclaim, for which DNA India noting that, "Tagore pitches in with a strong performance." This was followed by a hiatus from acting. Tagore made her comeback after a 13 year hiatus with the drama Gulmohar (2023), which released on Disney+ Hotstar . The film earned her critical acclaim, with the Hindustan Times noting that, "The elegance and poise Tagore exudes are remarkable. Her dialogue delivery, gestures, body language, emotions, everything looks just so effortless even after
3451-459: A whole was producing over 200 films per year. The first Indian sound film, Ardeshir Irani 's Alam Ara (1931), made in Hindustani language, was commercially successful. With a great demand for talkies and musicals, Hindustani cinema (as Hindi cinema was then known as) and the other language film industries quickly switched to sound films. The 1930s and 1940s were tumultuous times; India
3570-413: Is a portmanteau of "Bombay" (former name of Mumbai) and " Hollywood ". The industry is a part of the larger Indian cinema , which also includes South Indian cinema and other smaller film industries . The term 'Bollywood', often mistakenly used to refer to Indian cinema as a whole, only refers to Hindi-language films, with Indian cinema being an umbrella term that includes all the film industries in
3689-482: Is linked to economic liberalization in India during the early 1990s. Early in the decade, the pendulum swung back toward family-centered romantic musicals. Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (1988) was followed by blockbusters such as Maine Pyar Kiya (1989), Hum Aapke Hain Kaun (1994), Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge (1995), Raja Hindustani (1996), Dil To Pagal Hai (1997) and Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998), introducing
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3808-467: Is one of the strongest global cultural ambassadors of a new India." Its role in expanding India's global influence is comparable to Hollywood's similar role with American influence. Monroe Township , Middlesex County , New Jersey , in the New York metropolitan area , has been profoundly impacted by Bollywood; this U.S. township has displayed one of the fastest growth rates of its Indian population in
3927-746: Is played every year during the Republic Day and Independence Day celebrations in India . The film won Kumar the National Film Award for Second Best Feature Film as well as his first Filmfare Best Director Award . His next release, Patthar Ke Sanam too went on to become a huge hit, but Anita opposite Sadhana flopped. In 1968, he co-starred alongside Raaj Kumar and Waheeda Rehman in Neel Kamal . The same year, he reunited with Rehman for Aadmi , which also had Dilip Kumar in
4046-526: Is to actress Kareena Kapoor in 2012 with whom he has two sons, Taimur Ali Khan (b. 2016) and Jehangir Ali Khan (b. 2021). Soha married actor Kunal Khemu in 2015, and has a daughter Inaaya Naumi Khemmu (b. 2017). Tagore is regarded as one of the greatest actresses of Indian cinema . One of the highest-paid actress of the late 1960s and early 1970s, she appeared in Box Office India ' s "Top Actresses" list in 1969 and 1973. In 2022, she
4165-559: The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . Danny Boyle 's Slumdog Millionaire (2008), which won four Golden Globes and eight Academy Awards , was inspired by mainstream Hindi films and is considered an "homage to Hindi commercial cinema". It was also inspired by Mumbai-underworld crime films, such as Deewaar (1975), Satya (1998), Company (2002) and Black Friday (2007). Deewaar had
4284-507: The Barua family. Gitindranath was the grandson of the noted painter Gaganendranath Tagore , whose own father Gunendranath had been a first cousin of the laureate. In fact, Tagore is more closely related to Rabindranath Tagore through her mother: her maternal grandmother, Latika Barua (née Tagore), was the granddaughter of Rabindranath Tagore 's brother, Dwijendranath Tagore. Tagore's maternal grandfather (husband of Latika Barua née Tagore)
4403-580: The Filmfare Award for Best Actress for Aradhana and the National Film Award for Best Actress for Mausam . This was followed by intermittent film appearances in the subsequent decades, including in Mira Nair 's Mississippi Masala (1991) and Goutam Ghose 's Abar Aranye (2002), which won her the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress , and in the Hindi films Aashik Awara (1993), Mann (1999), Viruddh (2005), Eklavya: The Royal Guard (2007), and Break Ke Baad (2010). Following
4522-664: The Padma Shri in 1992 and Dadasaheb Phalke Award ; highest award in field of cinema in 2015 by the Government of India for his contribution to Indian cinema and arts. Kumar was born into a Punjabi Hindu Brahmin family in Abbottabad , a town in the North-West Frontier Province , British India (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan ). His birth name is Harikrishan Giri Goswami. When he
4641-556: The Western Hemisphere , increasing from 256 (0.9%) as of the 2000 Census to an estimated 5,943 (13.6%) as of 2017, representing a 2,221.5% (a multiple of 23) numerical increase over that period, including many affluent professionals and senior citizens as well as charitable benefactors to the COVID-19 relief efforts in India in official coordination with Monroe Township, as well as actors with second homes. During
4760-594: The Yellow Magic Orchestra produced a 1978 electronic album, Cochin Moon , based on an experimental fusion of electronic music and Bollywood-inspired Indian music. Truth Hurts ' 2002 song " Addictive ", produced by DJ Quik and Dr. Dre , was lifted from Lata Mangeshkar 's "Thoda Resham Lagta Hai" in Jyoti (1981). The Black Eyed Peas ' Grammy Award winning 2005 song " Don't Phunk with My Heart "
4879-486: The action crime film Dus Numbri in 1976, he completed his hat-trick of blockbusters. In 1977, he had two releases, the much delayed Amaanat and Shirdi Ke Sai Baba , both of which were moderately successful. After a year-long break, he starred in the hit Punjabi film Jat Punjabi . In 1981, Kumar directed and starred in historical drama Kranti alongside Dilip Kumar, Hema Malini , Shashi Kapoor, Parveen Babi and Shatrughan Sinha . Kranti went on to become
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4998-736: The ghazal tradition strongly influenced filmi ( Bollywood lyrics ). Javed Akhtar was also greatly influenced by Urdu novels by Pakistani author Ibn-e-Safi , such as the Jasoosi Dunya and Imran series of detective novels; they inspired, for example, famous Bollywood characters such as Gabbar Singh in Sholay (1975) and Mogambo in Mr. India (1987). Todd Stadtman identifies several foreign influences on 1970s commercial Bollywood masala films , including New Hollywood , Italian exploitation films , and Hong Kong martial arts cinema . After
5117-461: The overseas Indian diaspora , have also been inspired by Bollywood music. Hindi films are primarily musicals, and are expected to have catchy song-and-dance numbers woven into the script. A film's success often depends on the quality of such musical numbers. A film's music and song and dance portions are usually produced first and these are often released before the film itself, increasing its audience. Indian audiences expect value for money, and
5236-531: The socio-economic and socio-political realities of contemporary India. They channeled growing popular discontent and disillusionment and state failure to ensure welfare and well-being at a time of inflation, shortages, loss of confidence in public institutions, increasing crime and the unprecedented growth of slums . Salim-Javed and Bachchan's films dealt with urban poverty, corruption and organised crime; they were perceived by audiences as anti-establishment , often with an "angry young man" protagonist presented as
5355-547: The 1950s and 1960s were Dilip Kumar , Raj Kapoor , and Dev Anand , each with a unique acting style. Kapoor adopted Charlie Chaplin 's tramp persona; Anand modeled himself on suave Hollywood stars like Gregory Peck and Cary Grant , and Kumar pioneered a form of method acting which predated Hollywood method actors such as Marlon Brando . Kumar, who was described as "the ultimate method actor" by Satyajit Ray , inspired future generations of Indian actors. Much like Brando's influence on Robert De Niro and Al Pacino , Kumar had
5474-470: The 1950s and early 1960s and some won major prizes at the festival. Guru Dutt , overlooked during his lifetime, received belated international recognition during the 1980s. Film critics polled by the British magazine Sight & Sound included several of Dutt's films in a 2002 list of greatest films , and Time's All-Time 100 Movies lists Pyaasa as one of the greatest films of all time. During
5593-563: The 1970s has been the masala film , which freely mixes different genres including action , comedy , romance , drama and melodrama along with musical numbers . Masala films generally fall under the musical film genre, of which Indian cinema has been the largest producer since the 1960s when it exceeded the American film industry's total musical output after musical films declined in the West. The first Indian talkie , Alam Ara (1931),
5712-493: The 1970s. Although the art film bent of the Film Finance Corporation was criticised during a 1976 Committee on Public Undertakings investigation which accused the corporation of not doing enough to encourage commercial cinema, the decade saw the rise of commercial cinema with films such as Sholay (1975) which consolidated Amitabh Bachchan 's position as a star. The devotional classic Jai Santoshi Ma
5831-457: The 1980s was Mira Nair 's Salaam Bombay! (1988), which won the Camera d'Or at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film . Hindi cinema experienced another period of box-office decline during the late 1980s with due to concerns by audiences over increasing violence and a decline in musical quality, and a rise in video piracy. One of
5950-467: The 1990s and 2000s, and Aamir Khan has been the most successful Indian actor since the mid 2000s. Action and comedy films, starring such actors as Akshay Kumar and Govinda . The decade marked the entrance of new performers in art and independent films, some of which were commercially successful. The most influential example was Satya (1998), directed by Ram Gopal Varma and written by Anurag Kashyap . Its critical and commercial success led to
6069-510: The 2000s, Hindi cinema began influencing musical films in the Western world and was instrumental role in reviving the American musical film. Baz Luhrmann said that his musical film, Moulin Rouge! (2001), was inspired by Bollywood musicals; the film incorporated a Bollywood-style dance scene with a song from the film China Gate . The critical and financial success of Moulin Rouge! began
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#17328012630986188-411: The 2010s, the industry saw established stars such as making big-budget masala films like Dabangg (2010), Singham (2011) , Ek Tha Tiger (2012), Son of Sardaar (2012), Rowdy Rathore (2012), Chennai Express (2013), Kick (2014) and Happy New Year (2014) with much-younger actresses. Although the films were often not praised by critics, they were commercially successful. Some of
6307-746: The Bombay film industry was closely linked to the Lahore film industry (known as "Lollywood"; now part of the Pakistani film industry ); both produced films in Hindustani (also known as Hindi-Urdu), the lingua franca of northern and central India. Another centre of Hindustani-language film production was the Bengal film industry in Calcutta , Bengal Presidency (now Kolkata, West Bengal ), which produced Hindustani-language films and local Bengali language films. Many actors, filmmakers and musicians from
6426-810: The Bombay film industry's position as the preeminent center for film production in India. The period from the late 1940s to the early 1960s, after India's independence , is regarded by film historians as the Golden Age of Hindi cinema. Some of the most critically acclaimed Hindi films of all time were produced during this time. Examples include Pyaasa (1957) and Kaagaz Ke Phool (1959), directed by Guru Dutt and written by Abrar Alvi ; Awaara (1951) and Shree 420 (1955), directed by Raj Kapoor and written by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas , and Aan (1952), directed by Mehboob Khan and starring Dilip Kumar . The films explored social themes, primarily dealing with working-class life in India (particularly urban life) in
6545-524: The Filmfare Award for Best Actress. Planet Bollywood noted, "Tagore, shines in a role tailor-made for her." From 2007 to 2009, Tagore appeared in films such as Fool & Final (2007), Tasveer 8*10 (2009), Antaheen (2009) and the Marathi film Samaantar (2009). In 2009, Tagore became the jury member at the main competition of the 62nd Cannes Film Festival . In 2010, she played
6664-405: The Indian economy and a demand for quality entertainment in this era led the country's film industry to new heights in production values, cinematography and screenwriting as well as technical advances in areas such as special effects and animation. Some of the largest production houses, among them Yash Raj Films and Dharma Productions were the producers of new modern films. Some popular films of
6783-561: The Lahore industry migrated to the Bombay industry during the 1940s, including actors K. L. Saigal , Prithviraj Kapoor , Dilip Kumar and Dev Anand as well as playback singers Mohammed Rafi , Noorjahan and Shamshad Begum . Around the same time, filmmakers and actors from the Calcutta film industry began migrating to Bombay; as a result, Bombay became the center of Hindustani-language film production. The 1947 partition of India divided
6902-461: The Malayalam film Chuvanna Chirakukal (1978) among others. In the 1980s, Tagore appeared in films such as Kalankini Kankabati (1981), Namkeen (1982), New Delhi Times (1986) and Maa Beti (1986). She reunited with frequent co-star Dharmendra in the action film Sunny (1984), which starred Dharmendra's son Sunny Deol in the lead role. Her performance in the film earned her
7021-477: The UK, equivalent to ₹ 2.5 million (US$ 332,252.41). It broke the UK box office record of Do Raaste , which had released in the UK a year earlier. Purab Aur Paschim held the UK record for 23 years, until it was finally broken by Hum Aapke Hain Kaun in 1994. His other releases of 1970 were Yaadgaar , Pehchan and Mera Naam Joker . While the first was a box office failure, Pehchan (opposite Babita ) proved
7140-503: The action drama Eklavya: The Royal Guard (2007), receiving critical praise for the latter. She also appeared in supporting roles in the musical romantic drama Dhadkan (2000) and the drama Abar Aranye (2003), the latter of which earned her the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress . Tagore received high critical acclaim for her performance in the family drama Virruddh... Family Comes First (2005) alongside frequent co-star Bachchan, earning her fifth nomination for
7259-686: The biggest entertainment industry; many of the country's musical, dancing, wedding and fashion trends are Bollywood-inspired. Bollywood fashion trendsetters have included Madhubala in Mughal-e-Azam (1960) and Madhuri Dixit in Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! (1994). Hindi films have also had a socio-political impact on Indian society, reflecting Indian politics . In classic 1970s Bollywood films, Bombay underworld crime films written by Salim–Javed and starring Amitabh Bachchan such as Zanjeer (1973) and Deewaar (1975) reflected
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#17328012630987378-401: The biggest patriotic hit of all time, topping the box office chart in 1981. It was the most successful film of the 1980s, and Kumar's third All Time Blockbuster after Upkar and Roti Kapada Aur Makaan . The craze of the film was such that in places like Delhi , Rajasthan , Uttar Pradesh and Haryana there were shops selling Kranti T shirts, jackets, vests and even underwear. The year 1981
7497-986: The bilingual dramas Amanush (1975), Anand Ashram (1977) and Dooriyaan (1979). She headlined Gulzar 's musical romance Mausam (1975) alongside Sanjeev Kumar , which earned her the National Film Award for Best Actress , and her fourth nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress. She starred opposite Dharmendra in seven critical and commercial successes – Devar , Anupama , Mere Hamdam Mere Dost , Satyakam (1969), Yakeen (1969), Chupke Chupke (1975), Ek Mahal Ho Sapno Ka (1975). She also worked alongside Amitabh Bachchan in Chupke Chupke , Faraar (1975) and Besharam (1978), opposite Shashi Kapoor in Aa Gale Lag Jaa (1973) and Paap Aur Punya (1974). Tagore's other films during this period included Ek Se Badhkar Ek (1976), Tyaag (1977), which she also co-produced, and
7616-552: The blockbuster Sholay (1975), written by Salim-Javed and starring Amitabh Bachchan. It combined the dacoit film conventions of Mother India and Gunga Jumna with spaghetti Westerns , spawning the Dacoit Western (also known as the curry Western ) which was popular during the 1970s. Some Hindi filmmakers, such as Shyam Benegal , Mani Kaul , Kumar Shahani , Ketan Mehta , Govind Nihalani and Vijaya Mehta , continued to produce realistic parallel cinema throughout
7735-479: The box office. A large Indian diaspora in English-speaking countries and increased Western influence in India have nudged Bollywood films closer to Hollywood. Sharmila Tagore Sharmila Tagore , (born 8 December 1944) also known by her married name as Begum Ayesha Sultana is an Indian actress primarily known for her work in Hindi and Bengali films. Regarded among the greatest actresses in
7854-597: The box office. He quit acting after his appearance in the 1995 film Maidan-E-Jung . He directed his son, Kunal Goswami , in the 1999 film Jai Hind , which had a patriotic theme. The film was a box office failure and the last film Kumar worked on. He was awarded the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 1999, for a career spanning over 40 years. He consistently worked with the actors Prem Nath , Pran , Prem Chopra , Kamini Kaushal and Hema Malini in his career. His closest friends from
7973-406: The box office." Film historian Sanjay Mukhopadhyay said, "Tagore's most significant contribution to Indian cinema is a sense of dignity and grace — after Waheeda Rehman, she was the only actress of her time who exuded this.” Sharmila Tagore is every inch the prostitue Kajri, and very convincing at that. Her language is foul, and her body language is fluid. But that´s not all, in the movie, Sharmila
8092-663: The conventions which were once strictly associated with parallel cinema. "Bollywood" is a portmanteau derived from Bombay (the former name of Mumbai ) and "Hollywood", a shorthand reference for the American film industry which is based in Hollywood , California . The term "Tollywood", for the Tollygunge -based cinema of West Bengal , predated "Bollywood". It was used in a 1932 American Cinematographer article by Wilford E. Deming, an American engineer who helped produce
8211-453: The country into the Republic of India and Pakistan , which precipitated the migration of filmmaking talent from film production centres like Lahore and Calcutta , which bore the brunt of the partition violence. This included actors, filmmakers and musicians from Bengal , Punjab (particularly the present-day Pakistani Punjab ), and the North-West Frontier Province (present-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ). These events further consolidated
8330-730: The country, each offering films in diverse languages and styles. In 2017, Indian cinema produced 1,986 feature films, of which the largest number, 364 have been in Hindi. In 2022, Hindi cinema represented 33% of box office revenue, followed by Telugu and Tamil representing representing 20% and 16% respectively. Hindi cinema is one of the largest centres for film production in the world. Hindi films sold an estimated 341 million tickets in India in 2019. Earlier Hindi films tended to use vernacular Hindustani , mutually intelligible by speakers of either Hindi or Urdu , while modern Hindi productions increasingly incorporate elements of Hinglish . The most popular commercial genre in Hindi cinema since
8449-542: The creation of a national movement against colonial rule in India, while simultaneously leveraging the popular political movement to increase their own visibility and popularity. Themes from the Independence Movement deeply influenced Bombay film directors, screen-play writers, and lyricists, who saw their films in the context of social reform and the problems of the common people. Before the Partition,
8568-405: The decade were Kaho Naa... Pyaar Hai (2000), Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham... (2001), Gadar: Ek Prem Katha (2001), Lagaan (2001), Koi... Mil Gaya (2003), Kal Ho Naa Ho (2003), Veer-Zaara (2004), Rang De Basanti (2006), Lage Raho Munna Bhai (2006), Dhoom 2 (2006), Krrish (2006), and Jab We Met (2007), among others, showing the rise of new movie stars. During
8687-678: The decade with films such as Zanjeer (1973) and Deewaar (1975). Salim-Javed reinterpreted the rural themes of Mehboob Khan 's Mother India (1957) and Dilip Kumar 's Gunga Jumna (1961) in a contemporary urban context, reflecting the socio-economic and socio-political climate of 1970s India and channeling mass discontent, disillusionment and the unprecedented growth of slums with anti-establishment themes and those involving urban poverty, corruption and crime. Their "angry young man", personified by Amitabh Bachchan , reinterpreted Dilip Kumar's performance in Gunga Jumna in
8806-409: The emergence of a genre known as Mumbai noir: urban films reflecting the city's social problems. This led to a resurgence of parallel cinema by the end of the decade. The films featured actors whose performances were often praised by critics. The 2000s saw increased Bollywood recognition worldwide due to growing (and prospering) NRI and South Asian diaspora communities overseas. The growth of
8925-450: The fashion world and brought her the title of "The queen of dramatic eye make-up". She was placed in Times of India ' s "50 Beautiful Faces" list. Numerous actresses including Priyanka Chopra and Deepika Padukone have been inspired by her style. Her daughter-in-law actress Kareena Kapoor said, "I like my mother-in-law Sharmilaji's dressing sense, both on and off-screen." Tagore
9044-829: The films starring Aamir Khan, from Taare Zameen Par (2007) and 3 Idiots (2009) to Dangal (2016) and Secret Superstar (2018), have been credited with redefining and modernising the masala film with a distinct brand of socially conscious cinema. Most stars from the 2000s continued successful careers into the next decade, and the 2010s saw a new generation of popular actors in different films. Among new conventions, female-centred films such as The Dirty Picture (2011), Kahaani (2012), and Queen (2014), Pink (2016), Raazi (2018), Gangubai Kathiawadi (2022) started gaining wide financial success. Moti Gokulsing and Wimal Dissanayake identify six major influences which have shaped Indian popular cinema: Sharmistha Gooptu identifies Indo-Persian - Islamic culture as
9163-619: The first Indian sound picture. "Bollywood" was probably invented in Bombay-based film trade journals in the 1960s or 1970s, though the exact inventor varies by account. Film journalist Bevinda Collaco claims she coined the term for the title of her column in Screen magazine. Her column entitled "On the Bollywood Beat" covered studio news and celebrity gossip. Other sources state that lyricist, filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna
9282-455: The first masala film and the first quintessentially "Bollywood" film. Salim-Javed wrote more successful masala films during the 1970s and 1980s. Masala films made Amitabh Bachchan the biggest star of the period. A landmark of the genre was Amar Akbar Anthony (1977), directed by Manmohan Desai and written by Kader Khan , and Desai continued successfully exploiting the genre. Both genres (masala and violent-crime films) are represented by
9401-414: The first two examples. Awaara presented the city as both nightmare and dream, and Pyaasa critiqued the unreality of urban life. Mehboob Khan 's Mother India (1957), a remake of his earlier Aurat (1940), was the first Indian film nominated for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film ; it lost by a single vote. Mother India defined conventional Hindi cinema for decades. It spawned
9520-493: The history of Indian cinema , she is known for portraying both traditional and modern women. Tagore is a recipient of two National Film Awards , a Filmfare Award and the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award . In 2013, the Government of India , honoured her with Padma Bhushan , India's third highest civilian honour for her contributions to Indian culture through performing arts. Born into
9639-473: The important barrier of one crore (10 million) rupees, made on a budget of only two lakh (200,000) rupees. The film tackled contemporary issues, especially those arising from the Indian Independence movement, and went on to become "the longest running hit of Indian cinema", a title it held till the 1970s. Film personalities like Bimal Roy, Sahir Ludhianvi and Prithviraj Kapoor participated in
9758-464: The industry included Dilip Kumar , Raj Kapoor , Mukesh , Mahendra Kapoor , Dharmendra , Rajendra Kumar and Shashi Kapoor . His trademark movement of a hand covering the face was very popular, and continues to be the butt of jokes of latter day stand-up comedians. In 2007, the Shah Rukh Khan film Om Shanti Om featured the lead character pretending to be Manoj Kumar, so as to sneak into
9877-419: The late 1960s and early 1970s, the industry was dominated by musical romance films with romantic-hero leads. By 1970, Hindi cinema was thematically stagnant and dominated by musical romance films . The arrival of screenwriting duo Salim–Javed ( Salim Khan and Javed Akhtar ) was a paradigm shift, revitalising the industry. They began the genre of gritty, violent, Bombay underworld crime films early in
9996-619: The latter's commercial success paved the way for Indian neorealism and the Indian New Wave (synonymous with parallel cinema). Internationally acclaimed Hindi filmmakers involved in the movement included Mani Kaul , Kumar Shahani , Ketan Mehta , Govind Nihalani , Shyam Benegal , and Vijaya Mehta . After the social-realist film Neecha Nagar received the Palme d'Or at the inaugural 1946 Cannes Film Festival , Hindi films were frequently in competition for Cannes' top prize during
10115-605: The lead. Neel Kamal proved a blockbuster at the box office, becoming the third highest-grossing film of 1968 . Aadmi also did reasonable business, and was declared a semi-hit by the end of its run. The year 1969 saw the rise of Rajesh Khanna , who stormed the nation with back-to-back blockbusters in Aradhana and Do Raaste . His rise led to a career decline of many well-established artists, but Kumar and Dharmendra remained unaffected by Rajesh Khanna Mania and kept delivering major commercial successes. His only release of 1969
10234-459: The majority of these sank without a trace. The first major commercial success came in 1962 with Vijay Bhatt 's Hariyali Aur Rasta opposite Mala Sinha . The success of Hariyali Aur Rasta was followed by Shaadi (1962), Dr. Vidya (1962) and Grahasti (1963), all three of which performed well at the box office. His first major success as the main lead came in 1964 with Raj Khosla 's mystery thriller Woh Kaun Thi? . The film emerged
10353-473: The mid-1970s, when he delivered three huge blockbusters in a row. This started with the social drama Roti Kapada Aur Makaan , which he also directed. In addition to Kumar, the film starred Shashi Kapoor , Amitabh Bachchan , Zeenat Aman and Moushmi Chatterjee . Released on 18 October 1974, it emerged as the biggest hit of the year and was given the verdict of All Time Blockbuster by the end of its run. Its soundtrack composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal dominated
10472-611: The most prominent figures in Bengali cinema . Tagore's career further expanded when she ventured into Hindi films with Shakti Samanta 's romance Kashmir Ki Kali (1964). She established herself as one of the leading actresses of Hindi cinema with films like Waqt (1965), Anupama (1966), An Evening in Paris (1967), Aamne Saamne (1967), Satyakam (1969), Aradhana (1969), Safar (1970), Amar Prem (1972), Daag (1973), Avishkaar (1974), Chupke Chupke (1975), Mausam (1975), and Namkeen (1982). She won
10591-595: The most successful actors of the 1960s and 1970s, Kumar appeared in Box Office India ' s "Top Actors" list eight times, (1967-1969, 1972–1976). In 2022, he was placed in Outlook India ' s "75 Best Bollywood Actors" list. Hindi cinema Hindi cinema , popularly known as Bollywood and formerly as Bombay cinema , refers to the film industry based in Mumbai , engaged in production of motion pictures in Hindi language. The popular term Bollywood
10710-432: The most successful period of Tagore's career with a string of critical and commercial successes, with her pairing with Rajesh Khanna being particularly praised and noted. The Tagore-Khanna pair yielded several successful films, most notably the romantic dramas Aradhana (1969), Safar (1970), Chhoti Bahu (1971), Amar Prem (1972), Raja Rani (1973), Daag: A Poem of Love (1973) and Avishkaar (1974), and
10829-434: The musical charts and was the fifth best-selling Hindi film album of the 1970s. In 1975, Kumar reunited with Sohanlal Kanwar for Sanyasi , which opened to excellent audience response, eventually emerging a blockbuster and taking 3rd spot at the box office that year. For his portrayal of a religious minded young man in the film, Kumar received his fourth and final nomination in the Filmfare Award for Best Actor category. With
10948-416: The only actress with "a wide spectrum of directorial leaps" and said, "No other Bollywood actress apart from Sharmila Tagore has had such spectacular innings after marriage." American critic Pauline Kael stated, "She is exquisite, perfect - a word I don't use casually." Hemachhaya De of Femina noted, "Sharmila Tagore successfully straddled diverse film genres: arthouse, crossover and mainstream." Tagore
11067-567: The prominent Tagore family , one of the leading families of Calcutta and a key influence during the Bengali Renaissance , Tagore made her acting debut at age 14 with Satyajit Ray 's acclaimed Bengali epic drama The World of Apu (1959). She went on to collaborate with Ray on numerous other films, including Devi (1960), Nayak (1966), Aranyer Din Ratri (1970), and Seemabaddha (1971); thus establishing herself as one of
11186-404: The rest of Indian cinema) it has become part of the "Indian story". In India, Bollywood is often associated with India's national identity. According to economist and Bollywood biographer Meghnad Desai , "Cinema actually has been the most vibrant medium for telling India its own story, the story of its struggle for independence, its constant struggle to achieve national integration and to emerge as
11305-435: The romantic thriller An Evening in Paris (1967) again opposite Kapoor. With the film, she became the first Indian actress to appear in a swimsuit, which established Tagore as a sex symbol in Hindi films. While the scene in the film is often referred to as 'the bikini scene', Tagore's swimwear is actually a one piece. However, she did pose in a bikini for the cover of Filmfare magazine in 1966. But, when she
11424-540: The spiritual drama Maalik (1972). All these films established her as one of the leading actresses of the time, in addition to establishing the Tagore-Khanna pair as one of the greatest best on-screen pairs of Indian cinema . Aradhana , Safar and Amar Prem earned Tagore nominations for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress , winning the award for the former. During this period, Tagore also worked with Uttam Kumar in several films, including Nayak , and
11543-574: The success of Bruce Lee films (such as Enter the Dragon ) in India, Deewaar (1975) and other Bollywood films incorporated fight scenes inspired by 1970s martial arts films from Hong Kong cinema until the 1990s. Bollywood action scenes emulated Hong Kong rather than Hollywood, emphasising acrobatics and stunts and combining kung fu (as perceived by Indians) with Indian martial arts such as pehlwani . Perhaps Hindi cinema's greatest influence has been on India's national identity, where (with
11662-413: The then Prime Minister of India Lal Bahadur Shastri , and was a hit at the box office. This was followed by romantic drama Himalay Ki God Mein , a blockbuster which made him a bankable star. Before the end of year, he scored another massive hit with the mystery thriller Gumnaam . The success streak continued in 1966, when he reunited with Khosla for Do Badan alongside Asha Parekh . This film
11781-617: The titular Nawab of Pataudi and Bhopal and former captain of the Indian cricket team , on 27 December 1968. They had three children: Bollywood actor Saif Ali Khan (b. 1970); Saba Ali Khan (b. 1976), a jewellery designer; and Soha Ali Khan (b. 1978), a Bollywood actress and TV personality. Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi died at age 70 on 22 September 2011. From 1991 to 2004, Saif was married to actress Amrita Singh . They have two children, daughter Sara Ali Khan (b. 1995), an actress, and son Ibrahim Ali Khan (b. 2001). His second marriage
11900-414: The turning points came with such films as Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (1988), presenting a blend of youthfulness, family entertainment, emotional intelligence and strong melodies, all of which lured audiences back to the big screen. It brought back the template for Bollywood musical romance films which went on to define 1990s Hindi cinema. Known since the 1990s as "New Bollywood", contemporary Bollywood
12019-534: Was Sajan co-starring Parekh. The film was a superhit, and ranked tenth among the highest-grossing films of that year. Kumar returned to patriotic themes in 1970 with Purab Aur Paschim , which juxtaposed life in the East and West. It proved to be a massive blockbuster both in India and overseas. In the United Kingdom , the film was released in 1971 and ran for over 50 weeks in London. It grossed £285,000 in
12138-585: Was Jnanadabhiram Barua , an Assamese Freedom Fighter and Writer who was the First Principal of Earl Law College in Guwahati (now known as Government Law College), himself the son of the noted social worker Gunabhiram Barua . As a member of the Tagore family , she is also a distant relative of the actress Devika Rani and the painter Abanindranath Tagore (brother of Gaganendranath Tagore). Tagore
12257-914: Was 10, his family migrated from Jandiala Sher Khan to Delhi due to the Partition . Kumar pursued a Bachelor of Arts degree from Hindu College before trying his luck in films. When he was young, he admired actors Dilip Kumar , Ashok Kumar and Kamini Kaushal and decided to name himself Manoj Kumar, after Dilip Kumar's character in Shabnam . After making a little-noticed début in Fashion Brand (1957), followed by forgettable roles in films like Sahara (1958), Chand (1959) and Honeymoon (1960), he landed his first leading role in Kaanch Ki Gudiya (1961). Piya Milan Ki Aas (1961), Suhag Sindoor (1961), Reshmi Roomal (1961) followed, but
12376-501: Was a big one for the industry which saw some huge blockbusters like Naseeb , Laawaris , Ek Duje Ke Liye , Love Story and Meri Aawaz Suno and many other hits, but Kranti stood apart and top of the pile. It also proved to be the last notable successful Hindi film of Kumar's career. After Kranti in 1981, Kumar's career began to decline, and films he starred in such as Kalyug Aur Ramayan (1987), Santosh (1989), Clerk (1989) and Deshwasi (1991), all flopped at
12495-508: Was a blockbuster, the latter, opposite Nanda was a hit and received positive response from critics. It featured the memorable song "Ek Pyar Ka Nagma Hai", a duet by Lata Mangeshkar and Mukesh , which was composed by Laxmikant-Pyarelal and written by Santosh Anand . Kumar won his first and only Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his performance in Be-Imaan , as well as a Filmfare Award for Best Editing for Shor . Kumar's peak came in
12614-478: Was also inducted into the Bollywood Walk of Fame at Bandra Bandstand , Mumbai, where her hand print was preserved. Tagore is considered among the finest actresses of Indian cinema. She is highly regarded for her range as an actor, her beauty, and her fashion sense and style. She was known for her range of portrayals – from traditional to modern women. Tagore portrayed challenging roles such as that of —
12733-465: Was also released that year. By 1983, the Bombay film industry was generating an estimated annual revenue of ₹700 crore ( ₹ 7 billion, $ 693.14 million ), equivalent to $ 2.12 billion ( ₹12,667 crore , ₹ 111.33 billion) when adjusted for inflation. By 1986, India's annual film output had increased from 741 films produced annually to 833 films annually, making India the world's largest film producer. The most internationally acclaimed Hindi film of
12852-645: Was born on 8 December 1944 in Cawnpore (now Kanpur ), United Provinces to Gitindranath Tagore, a general manager in the British India Corporation , and his wife Ira Tagore (née Barua). Tagore's father belonged to the aristocratic Bengali Hindu Brahmin Tagore family , and was related to the Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore . Her mother was of Bengali and Assamese descent and hailed from
12971-480: Was buffeted by the Great Depression , World War II , the Indian independence movement , and the violence of the Partition . Although most early Bombay films were unabashedly escapist , a number of filmmakers tackled tough social issues or used the struggle for Indian independence as a backdrop for their films. Irani made the first Hindi colour film, Kisan Kanya , in 1937. The following year, he made
13090-617: Was coined during the 1970s, when the conventions of commercial Hindi films were defined. Key to this was the masala film , which combines a number of genres ( action , comedy , romance , drama , melodrama , and musical ). The masala film was pioneered early in the decade by filmmaker Nasir Hussain , and the Salim-Javed screenwriting duo, pioneering the Bollywood- blockbuster format. Yaadon Ki Baarat (1973), directed by Hussain and written by Salim-Javed, has been identified as
13209-433: Was inspired by two 1970s Bollywood songs : "Ye Mera Dil Yaar Ka Diwana" from Don (1978) and "Ae Nujawan Hai Sub" from Apradh (1972). Both songs were composed by Kalyanji Anandji , sung by Asha Bhosle , and featured the dancer Helen . The Kronos Quartet re-recorded several R. D. Burman compositions sung by Asha Bhosle for their 2005 album, You've Stolen My Heart: Songs from R.D. Burman's Bollywood , which
13328-464: Was its creator. It is unknown if it was derived from "Hollywood" through "Tollywood", or was inspired directly by "Hollywood". The term has been criticised by some film journalists and critics, who believe it implies that the industry is a poor cousin of Hollywood. In 1897, a film presentation by Professor Stevenson featured a stage show at Calcutta 's Star Theatre. With Stevenson's encouragement and camera, Hiralal Sen , an Indian photographer, made
13447-520: Was known as an actress who was always ahead of her time. She became the first Indian actress to wear a bikini on-screen, for her film An Evening In Paris (1967). Tagore is considered among the hottest Bollywood actresses of all time. Surendra Kumar of The Sunday Guardian noted, "She beautifully balanced her two avatars — the serious persona of realist Bengali films, and the Bollywood persona of films with song-and-dance sequences focused on success at
13566-603: Was nominated for Best Contemporary World Music Album at the 2006 Grammy Awards. Filmi music composed by A. R. Rahman (who received two Academy Awards for the Slumdog Millionaire soundtrack ) has frequently been sampled by other musicians, including the Singaporean artist Kelly Poon , the French rap group La Caution and the American artist Ciara . Many Asian Underground artists, particularly those among
13685-465: Was placed in Outlook India ' s 75 Best Bollywood Actresses list. Tagore was placed 2nd in Rediff.com ' s "Best Bollywood Debut Ever" list, for her films Apur Sansar and Kashmir Ki Kali . Tagore was widely known as the "style icon of the 60s and 70s" and was known as a sex symbol . Beehive hairdo and winged eyeliner were some of the style statements of Tagore that are still relevant in
13804-465: Was produced in the Hindustani language, four years after Hollywood's first sound film, The Jazz Singer (1927). Alongside commercial masala films, a distinctive genre of art films known as parallel cinema has also existed, presenting realistic content and avoidance of musical numbers. In more recent years, the distinction between commercial masala and parallel cinema has been gradually blurring, with an increasing number of mainstream films adopting
13923-571: Was remembered for Khosla's direction, Kumar's performance, and songs written by the lyricist Shakeel Badayuni , including "Raha Gardishon Mein", sung by Mohammed Rafi , and "Lo Aa Gayi Unki Yaad", a solo by Lata Mangeshkar. He delivered another hit that year in Shakti Samanta 's Sawan Ki Ghata , performing opposite Sharmila Tagore . After the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965, Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri asked him to create
14042-531: Was the chairperson of the Central Board of Film Certification 36 years later, she expressed concerns about the increased use of bikinis in Indian films. Tagore went on to appear in films such as the Hindi films Waqt (1965), Anupama (1966), Devar (1966), Aamne Saamne (1967), Mere Hamdam Mere Dost (1968), and the Bengali film Nayak (1966). Her performance in Anupama , opposite Dharmendra , proved to be her breakthrough. The 1970's marked
14161-498: Was the eldest of three children and had two younger sisters, the late Oindrila Kunda [Tinku Tagore] and Romila Sen [Chinky]. Oindrila was the first in the family to act in a film, and the only role she ever played was that of Mini , the child character (but a central character) in Tapan Sinha 's film Kabuliwala (1957). In adulthood, she became an international bridge player. Her other sister, Romila Sen, married to Nikhil Sen,
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