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25-401: Mansart may refer to: François Mansart (1598–1666), French architect Jules Hardouin-Mansart (1646–1708), French architect, his grandnephew Mansart (crater) , a crater on Mercury See also [ edit ] Mansard roof Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

50-459: A frieze of the triumph of Louis XIII, works of Gilles Guérin that have given a name to the suite of rooms. The apartment on the right, called the Appartement de la Renommée, was entirely redecorated by Bélanger for the comte d'Artois, in a discreet neoclassical style quite in keeping with the general classic style of the château. The staircase was of a type that Mansart originated at

75-461: A grotto , which had served also to water the horses. The château stood on a rectangular platform outlined in the French manner with a dry moat . The cour d'honneur was defined by terraces. The central block extends symmetrically into short wings, composed of several sections, each with its own roofline, with raked roofs and tall chimney stacks, in several ranges, with a broken façade reminiscent of

100-489: A T intersection before the gate to the cour d'honneur . The principal central axis led to the forest, the cross axis through the village to the southwest and to the river, thence on to Paris. Three gateways stood at the far ends of the avenues. On either side of the avant-cour , Mansart constructed the stables, masterworks of architecture whose monumental character gave a preview of those that would be built at Versailles and Chantilly . Of these works, there remains only

125-710: A complex of funeral chapels for the Bourbon kings of France to be added to the Basilica of Saint-Denis which houses the tombs of French royals. Both were presented to Jean-Baptiste Colbert . Gian Lorenzo Bernini also made plans for this project, also unbuilt. Some of his plans were reused by his grandnephew, Jules Hardouin Mansart , notably for Les Invalides . Mansart died in Paris on 23 September 1666. Ch%C3%A2teau de Maisons The Longueil family, long associated with

150-462: A magnificent château. By 1649, he was able to spend the summer months in his new house, but works on the outbuildings continued after that date. Louis XIV visited Maisons in April 1651. The attribution to François Mansart was common knowledge among contemporaries. Charles Perrault reported its reputation: "The château of Maisons, of which he [Mansart] had made all the buildings and all the gardens,

175-451: A pamphlet accusing Mansart of wild extravagance and machinations. After Louis XIV 's accession to the throne, Mansart lost many of his commissions to other architects. His designs for the remodeling of the Louvre were not executed because he would not submit detailed plans. In the year before his death he produced two plans for the proposed Chapelle des Bourbons  [ fr ] ,

200-505: Is covered in false vaulting. The apartment consists of a vast Salle des Fêtes employed also in the character of a guardroom, with a tribune for musicians. It opens into the Salon d'Hercule from the painting of Hercules defeating the Hydra that used to be featured on the chimneybreast , with sculptures by Guérin. In the end pavilion is a domed room articulated by therm figures , a precursor to

225-496: Is of such a singular beauty that there is not a curious foreigner who does not go there to see it, as one of the finest things that we have in France." Nevertheless, the sole surviving document mentioning Mansart's name is a payment of 20,000 livres from Longueil in 1657, apparently occasioned by the final completion of the château. A pamphlet with the title La Mansarade accused the architect of having realised, after completing

250-477: Is the Château de Balleroy , commissioned by a chancellor to Gaston, Duke of Orléans . Construction started in 1626. The duke was so pleased with the result that he invited Mansart to renovate his Château de Blois (1635). Mansart intended to rebuild this former royal residence completely, but only the north wing was reconstructed to Mansart's designs, which made clever use classical orders. In 1632, Mansart designed

275-576: The Parlement of Paris , had been in possession of part of the seigneurie of Maisons since 1460, and a full share since 1602. Beginning in 1630, and for the next decades, René de Longueil , first president of the Cour des aides and then président à mortier to the Parlement of Paris , devoted the fortune inherited by his wife, Madeleine Boulenc de Crévecœur (who died in 1636), to the construction of

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300-691: The Church of St. Mary of the Visitation in Paris using the Pantheon in Rome as an inspiration. Most of Mansart's buildings have been reconstructed or demolished. The best preserved example of his mature style is the Château de Maisons , which retains its original interior decoration, including a magnificent staircase. The structure is symmetrical, with much attention given to relief. It is thought to have heralded and inspired 18th-century Neoclassicism . In

325-485: The Château de Balleroy , in which the central space is left open so that the flights climb the four walls. On the parade or main floor, the apartment to the right, called the Appartement des Aigles for the Empire style decoration effected by maréchal Lannes in expectation of the visit of Napoleon , is undistinguished. The one to the left, on the other hand, the Appartement du Roi, is also called à l'italienne in that it

350-471: The 1640s, Mansart worked on the convent and church of Val-de-Grâce in Paris, a much coveted commission from Anne of Austria . Following allegations of profligacy in the management of the project's costs, he was replaced with a more tractable architect, who largely followed Mansart's design. In the 1650s, Mansart was targeted by political enemies of the prime minister Cardinal Mazarin , for whom Mansart frequently worked. In 1651, they published "La Mansarade",

375-520: The château in 1850, it passed to M. Thomas de Colmar, and to the painter William Tilman Grommé  [ ru ] , who farmed out the small park and demolished the entrance gateway to the forecourt, enclosing the severely reduced space with a wrought-iron grille brought from the Château de Mailly in Picardy . Grommé died in 1900. In his last will, he ordered his whole property to the city of Viipuri , which decided to keep his art collection but sell

400-610: The château was sold in 1798 to an army provisioner, M. Lauchère, resold in 1804 to Marshal of the Empire Jean Lannes , and then resold once again, in 1818, to the Parisian banker Jacques Laffitte . Starting in 1834, Lafitte proceeded to develop the surrounding park as building lots; he tore down the fine stables to furnish construction materials for the purchasers. After his daughter, the Princesse de la Moskowa, sold

425-573: The château. In 1905, the State purchased the château to save it from demolition. It was classed as a monument historique in 1914. The Château de Maisons was built between the Seine and the forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye , with its garden front oriented to the southeast. Originally it comprised the garden, a small park of 33 hectares (82 acres) and a large outer park of 300 hectares (740 acres). The visitor arrived by one of two avenues that crossed in

450-403: The construction of the first floor, that he had committed an error in the plans and razed everything built so far in order to commence anew. Perrault emphasizes that the architect had the habit of remodelling certain parts of his buildings more than once in a search for perfection. After the death of René de Longueil, in 1677, the château passed to his heirs until 1732, and then in succession to

475-493: The marquise de Belleforière, then to the marquis de Soyécourt . In 1777, it became the property of King Louis XVI 's brother, Charles Philip, count of Artois , who carried out important interior transformations under the direction of his house architect François-Joseph Bélanger . These works were interrupted in 1782 for lack of funds. Maisons then ceased to be kept up. Confiscated during the Revolution as "national goods",

500-537: The planning in work of Pierre Lescot and Philibert Delorme in the preceding century. The single pile construction, typical of its epoch , carries three storeys, a basement supporting a ground floor, and piano nobile with three attic floors above. The grand central entrance vestibule of stone was originally enclosed by exceptionally fine wrought-iron grilles, which are today at the Louvre . Large bas-reliefs of The Seasons were executed by Gilles Guérin after drawings provided by Jacques Sarazin , who oversaw all

525-497: The reign of Henry IV . Mansart was recognized from the 1620s onward for his style and skill as an architect, but he was viewed as a stubborn and difficult perfectionist, who tore down his structures in order to start building them over again. Only the wealthiest could afford to have him work for them as Mansart's constructions cost "more money than the Great Turk himself possesses". The only surviving example of his early work

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550-442: The sculpture provided for Maisons. There are lunettes representing The Elements, for which Sarazin's drawings also survive. This vestibule gives onto two state apartments. The apartment on the left, called the Appartement des Captifs, was that of René de Longueuil; it has retained its original decor. The chimneypiece of the corner room, the chambre de parade represents a bas-relief medallion of Louis XIII supported by captives and

575-460: The steeper lower slope, which created additional habitable space in the garrets . François Mansart was born on 23 January 1598 to a master carpenter in Paris . He was not trained as an architect; his relatives helped train him as a stonemason and a sculptor . He is thought to have learned the skills of an architect in the studio of Salomon de Brosse , the most popular architect in France during

600-565: The title Mansart . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mansart&oldid=900680043 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Fran%C3%A7ois Mansart François Mansart ( French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa mɑ̃saʁ] ; 23 January 1598 – 23 September 1666)

625-495: Was a French architect credited with introducing classicism into the Baroque architecture of France . The Encyclopædia Britannica identifies him as the most accomplished of 17th-century French architects whose works "are renowned for their high degree of refinement, subtlety, and elegance". Mansart, as he is generally known, popularized the mansard roof , a four-sided, double slope gambrel roof punctuated with windows on

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