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20-410: Mare Crisium is 556 km (345 mi) in diameter, and 176,000 square kilometres (68,000 sq mi) in area. It has a very flat floor, with a ring of wrinkle ridges ( dorsa ) toward its outer boundaries. These are Dorsa Tetyaev , Dorsum Oppel , Dorsum Termier , and Dorsa Harker . The cape-like feature protruding into the southeast of the mare is Promontorium Agarum . On the western rim of

40-669: A governor, the majority refused compliance. After the Glorious Revolution Burnet became chaplain in ordinary and Clerk of the Closet to William III (until 1695). He received no clerical preferment and lived quietly in the Charterhouse, where he died on 27 September 1715, and was buried in the chapel. Burnet's best known work is his Telluris Theoria Sacra, or Sacred Theory of the Earth . The first part

60-409: A great deal of controversy at the time, and Burnet defended himself against selected critics, John Keill and Erasmus Warren . Isaac Newton was an admirer of Burnet's theological approach to geological processes. Newton even wrote to Burnet, suggesting the possibility that when God created the Earth, the days were longer. However, Burnet did not find this explanation scientific enough. Lengthening

80-474: A rupture occurs and one side of the rupture is pushed on top of the other, they are evidence of compressional stress in planetary crust. Thomas Burnet (theologian) Thomas Burnet ( c.  1635? – 27 September 1715 ) was an English theologian and writer on cosmogony . He was born at Croft near Darlington in 1635. After studying at Northallerton Grammar School under Thomas Smelt, he went to Clare College, Cambridge in 1651. There he

100-563: Is just visible from Earth with the naked eye as a small dark spot on the edge of the Moon's face. It is the site of the 21 July 1969 crash-landing of the Soviet Luna 15 probe, occurring the same day two Apollo 11 astronauts walked on the Moon. A soil sample from Mare Crisium was successfully brought to Earth on 22 August 1976 by the Soviet lunar mission Luna 24 . Mare Crisium is used as

120-730: The Dorsa Burnet are named for Thomas Burnet , and the Dorsum Owen is named after George Owen of Henllys . Wrinkle ridges can also be found on Mars , for example in Chryse Planitia , on several of the asteroids that have been visited by spacecraft, on Mercury , and certain moons of Jupiter and Saturn . Although several hypotheses have been advanced as causes of wrinkle ridges, today they are generally considered to be of tectonic origin. They involve folding and faulting . If correctly interpreted as thrust faults, where

140-697: The four classical elements that were very traditional: an initially ovoid Earth, a Paradise before the Flood that was always in the spring season, and rivers flowing from the poles to the Equator. Herbert Croft published criticism of the book in 1685, in particular accusing Burnet of following the Second Epistle of Peter rather than the Book of Genesis . During the 1690s John Beaumont and Johann Caspar Eisenschmidt picked up on Burnet's ideas. They engendered

160-577: The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire III p. 99 Gibbon made reference to Burnet's De Statu Mortuorum et Resurgentium noting that Burnet "exposes the inconveniences which must arise", if souls "possess a more active and sensible existence". Thomas Newton , Bishop of Bristol and Dean of St. Paul's, criticised Gibbon and claimed that Burnet's views were exactly the opposite. Burnet's work had an influence on Samuel Taylor Coleridge . He

180-457: The Duke of Ormonde, one of the governors, secured his appointment in 1685 to the mastership of Charterhouse . Burnet took part in the resistance offered to James II's attempt to make Andrew Popham a pensioner of the Charterhouse. At two meetings held by the governors 17 January and Midsummer day 1687, the king's letters of dispensation were produced, but, in spite of the efforts of George Jeffreys ,

200-410: The center of Mare Crisium from Doppler tracking of the five Lunar Orbiter spacecraft in 1968. The mascon was confirmed and mapped at higher resolution with later orbiters such as Lunar Prospector and GRAIL . Like most of the other maria on the Moon, Mare Crisium was named by Giovanni Riccioli , whose 1651 nomenclature system has become standardized. By the 17th century, Mare Crisium had acquired

220-478: The days would require an intervention on God's part. Burnet tightly held the belief that God created the world and all its processes perfectly from the start. He wrote: We think him a better Artist that makes a Clock that strikes regularly at every hour from the Springs and Wheels which he puts into the work, than he that hath so made his Clock that he must put his finger to it every hour to make it strike. Some of

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240-404: The late summer of 1996. Wrinkle ridge A wrinkle ridge is a type of feature commonly found on lunar maria , or basalt plains. These features are low, sinuous ridges formed on the mare surface that can extend for up to several hundred kilometers. Wrinkle ridges are tectonic features created after the lava cooled and solidified. They frequently outline ring structures buried within

260-632: The location for Arthur C. Clarke's 1948 seminal short-story " The Sentinel ". In the story, a mysterious structure is found in one of the mountains surrounding the Mare. Clarke describes Mare Crisium as follows: It is the great walled plain, one of the finest on the Moon, known as the Mare Crisium - the Sea of Crises. Three hundred miles in diameter, and almost completely surrounded by a ring of magnificent mountains, it had never been explored until we entered in

280-403: The mare is the palimpsest Yerkes , and Lick to the southeast is similar. The crater Picard is located just to the east of Yerkes, and northwest of Picard are the craters Peirce and Swift . The ray system of the crater Proclus overlie the northwestern mare. Mare Anguis can be seen northeast of Mare Crisium. A mass concentration (mascon), or gravitational high, was identified in

300-466: The mare, follow circular patterns outlining the mare, or intersect protruding peaks. They are sometimes called veins due to their resemblance to the veins that protrude from beneath the skin. Wrinkle ridges are named with the Latin designation dorsum (plural dorsa ). The standard IAU nomenclature uses the names of people (generally scientists) to identify wrinkle ridges on the Moon. For example,

320-567: The name 'Caspian Sea', being labelled as such by Thomas Harriot , Pierre Gassendi and Michael van Langren . Ewen A. Whitaker speculates that it received this name because it occupies roughly the same position on the Moon's face as does the Caspian Sea on Earth, with respect to maps of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East . The English astronomer William Gilbert 's map of c .1600 calls it 'Brittania' after Britain . Mare Crisium

340-447: The views expressed in this work, also known as Archaeologiae Philosophicae sive Doctrina Antiqua de Rerum Originibus (1692), were so unacceptable to contemporary theologians that he had to resign his post at Court. In this he considered whether the fall of man was a symbolic event rather than literal history. Burnet's treatise De Statu Mortuorum et Resurgentium was published posthumously in 1720. In Edward Gibbon 's The History of

360-503: Was a pupil of John Tillotson . Ralph Cudworth , the Master of Clare, moved to Christ's College, Cambridge in 1654, and Burnet followed him. He became fellow of Christ's in 1657, M.A. in 1658, and was proctor in 1667. Burnet took employment travelling with Lord Wiltshire , son of Charles Paulet, 6th Marquess of Winchester , and through Tillotson as tutor to Lord Ossory , grandson of James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde . The influence of

380-572: Was published in 1681 in Latin , and in 1684 in English translation; the second part appeared in 1689 (1690 in English). It was a speculative cosmogony , in which Burnet suggested a hollow earth with most of the water inside until Noah's Flood , at which time mountains and oceans appeared. He calculated the amount of water on Earth's surface, stating there was not enough to account for the Flood. Burnet

400-476: Was to some extent influenced by Descartes who had written on the creation of the earth in Principia philosophiae (1644), and was criticised on those grounds by Roger North . The heterodox views of Isaac La Peyrère included the idea that the Flood was not universal; Burnet's theory was at least in part intended to answer him on that point. Burnet's system had its novel features, as well as those such as

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