The Marichuela Formation ( Spanish : Formación Marichuela , N 1m ) is a geological formation of the Bogotá savanna , Altiplano Cundiboyacense , Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes . The formation consists of coarse to very coarse conglomerates . The Marichuela Formation dates to the Neogene period; Late Miocene to Early Pliocene epochs, and has a maximum thickness of 40 metres (130 ft).
5-912: The formation was defined by Helmens and Van der Hammen in 1995 and named after the Marichuela neighbourhood of Usme . Part of the Marichuela Formation had been included in the Conos de Tunjuelo, defined by Julivert in 1961. The Marichuela Formation consists of coarse to very coarse conglomerates . The Marichuela Formation unconformably overlies the Cretaceous rocks of the Guadalupe Group . The age has been estimated to be Late Miocene to Early Pliocene . The depositional environment has been interpreted as alluvial fans , caused by earthquakes or heavy rains. The Marichuela Formation
10-571: Is apart from its type locality in the Usme Synclinal, the valley of the Tunjuelo River , found in the synclinals of Neusa , Sisga and La Calera . Thomas van der Hammen Thomas van der Hammen ( Schiedam , Netherlands , 27 September 1924 - Chía , Colombia , 12 March 2010) was a Dutch palaeontologist , botanist and geologist . He had published more than 160 works in five languages. Thomas van der Hammen
15-540: The Marichuela , Tunjuelo , and Subachoque Formations . His paleobotanical background proved valuable in dating the continental Cacho Formation . In 2000, a natural reserve in the north of Bogotá bordering Chía and Cota , Thomas van der Hammen Natural Reserve , was named after the naturalist. The mayor of Bogotá, Enrique Peñalosa who ran twice for the Green Party , allowed for the construction of homes in
20-577: Was born in the city of Schiedam in South Holland, western The Netherlands and studied botany and palaeontology at Leiden University from 1944 to 1949. He was a deeply religious man. After his studies and years of research at the University of Amsterdam , Van der Hammen arrived in Bogotá in 1951. Thomas van der Hammen analysed the Bogotá savanna and concluded a great lake ( Lake Humboldt )
25-539: Was present there around 60,000 years BP, covering present-day Bogotá, Soacha , Funza , Mosquera , Madrid , Cota , Chía and Cajicá . Van der Hammen has contributed greatly to the understanding of the geology of the Bogotá savanna and surrounding areas. He has worked with Gonzalo Correal Urrego towards an understanding of the prehistoric sites , as El Abra , Tequendama and Tibitó in central Colombia and has defined and described various geological formations, such as
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