Mary Collyer (née Mitchell ) (c. 1716 – 1763) was an English translator and novelist.
22-480: Mary, whose maiden name was Mitchell, married Joseph Collyer the elder; their son, Joseph Collyer the younger , was an engraver, and illustrated one edition of his mother's translation Death of Abel . She is principally known as the translator of Salomon Gessner 's 'Death of Abel' (1761). This work passed through numerous editions in England, Scotland, and Ireland. It became an immediate and enduring bestseller on
44-549: A new independent company and became their captain. Two months later, he purchased a captaincy in the 20th Regiment of Foot (subsequently titled 'East Devonshire Regiment', and in 1881 the Lancashire Fusiliers ), in which James Wolfe served as lieutenant colonel. In 1757, while with Wolfe's regiment, he participated in the unsuccessful attack on Rochefort . In the Seven Years' War , he served as adjutant in
66-570: A par with Pilgrim's Progress and Robinson Crusoe. There were 40 editions and reprints between 1762 and 1800 and reached a total of 70 editions and reprints through 1830 in Britain and North America. The readers of Gessner's version of the biblical story belonged to a poorer and less educated public. While sophisticated readers on the Continent found delight in the Arcadian pantheism of the idyll,
88-961: A scion of the noble House of Grey . He was a distinguished soldier in a generation of exceptionally capable military personnel, serving crucially in the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), the American Revolutionary War and the French Revolutionary Wars . He served in the American War of Independence (1775–1783), rising to be Commander-in-Chief of the British forces in America. Following the Battle of Paoli in Pennsylvania in 1777 he became known as "No-flint Grey" for reputedly ordering his men to extract
110-595: Is unknown, but he was baptized 23 October 1729, so he was probably born in October. He was the third son of Sir Henry Grey, 1st Baronet, of Howick and his wife Lady Hannah Grey (née Wood), daughter of Thomas Wood of Fallodon in Northumberland . Because he had two older brothers, Grey did not expect to inherit his father's titles and estates, so he pursued a career in the military. His two older brothers Sir Henry and Thomas both died without issue, leaving him as
132-411: The Battle of Brandywine . He earned the nickname "No-flint Grey" after the Battle of Paoli in the same campaign when, to ensure surprise in the night attack on an American encampment, it was said he ordered the infantry of his command to remove the flints from their muskets and use only their bayonets . In fact, he only directed that muskets should be unloaded. He commanded the 3rd Brigade again at
154-615: The Battle of Germantown and the Battle of Monmouth . Immediately following his disastrous retreat at the Battle of Monmouth, the American General Charles Lee excused himself from criticism by complaining that he had directly faced the advance Grey's 3rd brigade, suggesting the Earl was a feared and respected opponent by this stage in the war. In 1778 he led raids at New Bedford on 5–6 September, destroying nearly all
176-662: The Baylor Massacre . He was recalled to England and became a knight of the Order of the Bath and a lieutenant general. He later was appointed commander-in-chief of the British troops in America, but hostilities ended before he could take command. At the outset of the French Revolutionary Wars in 1793, Sir Charles Grey was appointed commander of the West Indian expedition. First, however, he went to Ostend to participate in
198-576: The invasion of Guadeloupe . Between the years of 1797 and 1807 General Grey held the position of Governor of Guernsey . In late 1794 he returned to England. From 1798 to 1799 he served as Commander of the Southern District, retiring in 1799. In acknowledgment of his service, he was raised in January 1801 to the peerage as Baron Grey , of Howick in the County of Northumberland. In 1806, he
220-707: The Younger , was a British engraver . He was an associate of the Royal Academy and portrait engraver to the British Queen Consort, Queen Charlotte . Collyer, the younger, was born in London , the son of Joseph Collyer (d. 1776), editor and translator, and Mary Collyer (née Mitchell, d. 1763), translator and novelist. He studied for a short time under the engraver Anthony Walker , and applied himself to book illustrations with success. He attracted
242-518: The flints from their muskets during a night approach and to fight with bayonets only. He later fought in the French Revolutionary Wars (1792–1802), capturing Martinique as leverage to force the Treaty of Amiens , and was appointed as Governor of Guernsey . Grey was born at his family estate Howick Hall , 30 miles north of Newcastle upon Tyne and one mile from the North Sea . His exact birthdate
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#1732797638461264-475: The illustrations to Hervey's ' Naval History ,' besides several plates after Rooker . He last exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1822, and died on 24 December 1827. Engraver James Heath was one of his apprentices. Charles Grey, 1st Earl Grey Charles Grey, 1st Earl Grey , KB , PC (circa 23 October 1729 – 14 November 1807) was a British Army general in the 18th century and
286-617: The notice of John Boydell and was employed to make an engraving after David Teniers . In 1761 he was awarded a premium from the Society of Arts ; about nine years later he entered the Royal Academy , where he exhibited for the first time in 1770. He was admitted as a student in 1771. Sir Joshua Reynolds allowed Collyer to reproduce two of his paintings, "Venus" and "Una", as chalk engravings (a type of stipple engraving ). He engraved some large plates including, 'The Volunteers of Ireland' after Francis Wheatley , published in 1784. In 1786 he
308-520: The poorer masses of England and North America were attracted to the epic's mixture of sentimental and pious feelings, hymnal pathos and cultural criticism, all of which was intensified in Mary Collyer's translation. She had previously published in 1750, in two volumes, 'Letters from Felicia to Charlotte,' which recommended her to the notice of Mrs. Montague, Miss Talbot, and Mrs. Carter. The latter in 1761 spoke of her to Mrs. Montague as 'writing for
330-465: The relief of Nieuwpoort, Belgium . In early 1794, he and Admiral Sir John Jervis led a British force to capture Martinique . The campaign lasted about six weeks with the British capturing Fort Royal and Fort Saint Louis on 22 March, and Fort Bourbon two days later. The British then occupied Martinique until the Treaty of Amiens returned the island to the French in 1802. Grey was later involved in
352-465: The shipping and burning twenty shops and twenty-two houses in the town, and Martha's Vineyard , where between 10 and 15 September, the British carried off all the sheep, swine, cattle and oxen that they could find with promise of payment in New York . On 27 September 1778, Grey used the same methods as he had at the Battle of Paoli in a night attack at Old Tappan, New Jersey, which came to be known as
374-457: The staff of Duke Ferdinand of Brunswick and on 1 August 1759 was wounded at Minden . On 14 October 1760 he commanded a Light Company at the Battle of Campen , where he was again wounded. One year later, as Lt. Colonel of the 98th Regiment of Foot (1761), he participated in the Capture of Belle Île , off the coast of Brittany . Next, he served at the Battle of Havana in 1762 . Later, he was on
396-468: The staff of Wilhelm, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe during the Spanish invasion of Portugal (1762) . In 1763 he retired on half-pay, but in 1772 he received a promotion to Colonel and served as aide-de-camp to King George III . During the American War of Independence he was one of the more successful army leaders. He was rapidly promoted, becoming a major general in 1777 and commanded the 3rd Brigade at
418-430: The support of her family,' which, she adds, 'is a laudable employment.' Mrs. Collyer afterwards translated part of Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock ’s The Messiah but dying in 1763, before it was completed, the remainder was translated and published by her husband about the end of that year in two volumes. The third volume did not appear till 1772, when the taste for this species of poetry, or mixture of poetry and prose,
440-597: The viable heir. In 1744, with financial assistance from his father, Grey purchased a commission as an ensign in the 6th Regiment of Foot . He soon went to Scotland with the Sixth Regiment to suppress the Jacobite Rising of 1745 . Following victory there, the Sixth Regiment spent the next few years in Gibraltar . In December 1752, he purchased a lieutenancy in the Sixth Regiment. In March 1755, he formed
462-429: Was beginning to decline. [REDACTED] This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain : Cooper, Thompson (1887). " Collyer, Mary ". In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). Dictionary of National Biography . Vol. 11. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 386. Joseph Collyer Joseph Collyer ARA (14 September 1748 – 24 December 1827), also called Joseph Collyer
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#1732797638461484-751: Was elected an associate engraver of the Royal Academy, and appointed portrait engraver to Queen Charlotte. In 1815 he was master of the Stationers' Company . Among his engraved portraits may be mentioned those of the Princess of Wales and the Princess Charlotte (1799); George, Duke of Montagu (1793); Sir Charles Grey , K.B. (1797); Sir Joseph Banks (1789); Qian Long , emperor of China (1796); Thomas Newton , Bishop of Bristol; Mary Palmer (1785); William Whitehead (1787); Paul Whitehead (1776); and Sir William Young . Collyer also engraved
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