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71-602: Massey Shaw is a former London Fire Brigade fireboat, named after the first Chief Officer of the Metropolitan Fire Brigade , Captain Sir Eyre Massey Shaw . Built in 1935 and decommissioned in 1971, the vessel was restored in the early 21st century and is moored in London's West India Docks . Massey Shaw was built in 1935 by the J. Samuel White company at Cowes , Isle of Wight . She

142-528: A national firefighter strike in 2002–2003 . Further changes to the legislative, organisational and structural fabric of the brigade, which could include varying the attendance time, the location of frontline appliances and number of personnel, plus mandatory performance targets, priorities and objectives are set by the MHCLG in the form of a document called the Fire and Rescue Service National Framework. The framework

213-631: A 50-year lease. The historic vessel was saved from dereliction by a group of enthusiasts who restored her and a successful Heritage Lottery Grant in 2008. The vessel has been completely restored in Gloucester dock by a professional team of boat builders. The society had planned to return Massey to the River Thames in May 2013 by sailing her around the south coast of the UK, stopping off at various ports on

284-764: A description of compatibility groups. The United States Department of Transportation (DOT) regulates hazmat transportation within the territory of the US. Note : For further details, check the Dangerous Goods Transportation Regulations of the country of interest. Mitigating the risks associated with hazardous materials may require the application of safety precautions during their transport, use, storage and disposal . Most countries regulate hazardous materials by law, and they are subject to several international treaties as well. Even so, different countries may use different class diamonds for

355-681: A four digit UN number . This number, along with standardized logs of hazmat information, can be referenced by first responders (firefighters, police officers, and ambulance personnel) who can find information about the material in the Emergency Response Guidebook . Different standards usually apply for handling and marking hazmats at fixed facilities, including NFPA 704 diamond markings (a consensus standard often adopted by local governmental jurisdictions), OSHA regulations requiring chemical safety information for employees, and CPSC requirements requiring informative labeling for

426-418: A further two appliances making a total of four. Informally, firefighters refer to such fires as 'a make up' or 'a four-pumper'; when the fire is out, if no other pumping appliances were despatched, this would be recorded as a 'four-pump fire'. If an incident is more serious, it can be escalated straight to a six-, eight- or ten-pump fire and beyond – in London this is usually completed in even numbers, though it

497-499: A global level. Dangerous goods are assigned to UN numbers and proper shipping names according to their hazard classification and their composition. Dangerous goods commonly carried are listed in the Dangerous Goods list. Examples for UN numbers and proper shipping names are: Dangerous goods are divided into nine classes (in addition to several subcategories) on the basis of the specific chemical characteristics producing

568-613: A position currently held by Andy Roe. The brigade and Commissioner are overseen by the Greater London Authority , which in 2018 took over these responsibilities from the London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority (LFEPA). In the 2015-16 financial year the LFB received 171,488 emergency calls. These consisted of: 20,773 fires, 48,696 false alarms of fire and 30,066 other calls for service. As well as firefighting ,

639-477: A pre-determined mobilisation. Category "A" includes areas with a high density of large buildings and/or population, such as offices or factories. Three fire engines are to arrive at "A" risks within eight minutes, the first two within five minutes. Areas with a medium density of large buildings and/or population, such as multi-storey residential blocks, will generally be classified "B" risk. Two fire engines will be deployed, with one to arrive within five minutes and

710-653: A single National Fire Service . The separate London Fire Brigade for the County of London was re-established in 1948. With the formation of Greater London in 1965, this absorbed most of the Middlesex Fire Brigade, the borough brigades for West Ham , East Ham and Croydon and parts of the Essex , Hertfordshire , Surrey and Kent brigades. In 1986 the Greater London Council (GLC)

781-494: A statutory inspection by His Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Fire & Rescue Services (HMICFRS, colloquially known as “Himickfurrs”). The inspections investigate how well the service performs in each of three areas. On a scale of outstanding, good, requires improvement and inadequate, London Fire Brigade was rated as follows: Fire and rescue authorities in England come under the government department formerly known as

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852-926: Is available from the National Chemical Emergency Centre (NCEC) website. Guidance is available from the Health and Safety Executive . New Zealand's Land Transport Rule: Dangerous Goods 2005 and the Dangerous Goods Amendment 2010 describe the rules applied to the transportation of hazardous and dangerous goods in New Zealand. The system closely follows the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods and uses placards with Hazchem codes and UN numbers on packaging and

923-453: Is defined as every other non-fire related emergency, such as: The full scope of the brigade's duties and powers is enshrined in the Fire and Rescue Act 2005. Firefighters and, in some cases, specialist teams from the brigade's fire investigation unit, based at Dowgate, also investigate arson incidents, often working alongside the police and providing evidence in court. In 2008/09, deliberate fires accounted for 28% of all those attended by

994-752: Is generally required includes the shipper's name and address; the consignee's name and address; descriptions of each of the dangerous goods, along with their quantity, classification, and packaging; and emergency contact information. Common formats include the one issued by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) for air shipments and the form by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for sea cargo. A license or permit card for hazmat training must be presented when requested by officials. The international community has defined

1065-768: Is located in Union Street in Southwark , adjacent to the brigade's former training centre, which was both the original headquarters of the Massey Shaw fire brigade and his home, Winchester House, as well as the London Fire Brigade Museum . The brigade was previously headquartered in Lambeth between 1937 and 2007. Every fire and rescue service in England and Wales is periodically subjected to

1136-532: Is normally a provincial jurisdiction. The federal government has jurisdiction over air, most marine, and most rail transport. The federal government acting centrally created the federal Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and regulations, which provinces adopted in whole or in part via provincial transportation of dangerous goods legislation. The result is that all provinces use the federal regulations as their standard within their province; some small variances can exist because of provincial legislation. Creation of

1207-992: Is not uncommon for a ten-pump fire to be 'made up' to 15 if necessary. A call to, say, a large warehouse ablaze could be escalated straight to a ten-pump fire. The 2007 Cutty Sark fire required eight pumps; as a serious incident escalates, the brigade deploys senior officers, Command Units and any specialist appliances required. Dangerous goods Hazardous materials are often subject to chemical regulations . Hazmat teams are personnel specially trained to handle dangerous goods, which include materials that are radioactive , flammable , explosive , corrosive , oxidizing , asphyxiating , biohazardous , toxic , poisonous , pathogenic , or allergenic . Also included are physical conditions such as compressed gases and liquids or hot materials, including all goods containing such materials or chemicals, or may have other characteristics that render them hazardous in specific circumstances. Dangerous goods are often indicated by diamond-shaped signage on

1278-903: Is regulated by the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act . The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act was also passed to further protect human and environmental health. The Consumer Product Safety Commission regulates hazardous materials that may be used in products sold for household and other consumer uses. Following the UN model, the DOT divides regulated hazardous materials into nine classes, some of which are further subdivided. Hazardous materials in transportation must be placarded and have specified packaging and labelling . Some materials must always be placarded, others may only require placarding in certain circumstances. Trailers of goods in transport are usually marked with

1349-509: Is set annually by the government and applies to all brigades in England. Responsibility for the rest of the UK fire service is devolved to the various parliaments and assemblies. On country-wide issues, the Chief Fire Officers Association provides the collective voice on fire, rescue and resilience issues. Membership is made up from senior officers above the rank of Assistant Chief Officer, to Chief Fire Officer (or

1420-644: Is the fire and rescue service for London , the capital of the United Kingdom . It was formed by the Metropolitan Fire Brigade Act 1865 ( 28 & 29 Vict. c. 90), under the leadership of superintendent Eyre Massey Shaw . It has 5,992   staff, including 5,096 operational firefighters and officers based at 102 fire stations (plus one river station). The LFB is led by the Commissioner for Fire and Emergency Planning,

1491-467: Is the commissioner of the LFB. He succeeds Dany Cotton , who in 2017 had become the first woman to hold the top role; Cotton resigned in the wake of the Grenfell Tower fire after 32 years' service in the brigade. Prior to Cotton, Ron Dobson was the commissioner and he had served in the LFB since 1979; he was appointed CBE for his distinguished contribution to the fire service. Historically,

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1562-626: The Buncefield fire in 2005. Much earlier, the Hampton Court fire of 1986, which was on the border with Surrey, was attended by both the LFB and Surrey Fire and Rescue Service . In 2015/16 the LFB assisted at 567 "over the border" incidents. The other fire services that adjoin the LFB are: The LFB also mobilises to support airport firefighters at London Heathrow Airport , London City Airport and The London Heliport. The LFB, along with all other UK fire and rescue services, determines

1633-585: The Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail ). Many individual nations have also structured their dangerous goods transportation regulations to harmonize with the UN model in organization as well as in specific requirements. The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) is an internationally agreed upon system set to replace the various classification and labeling standards used in different countries. The GHS uses consistent criteria for classification and labeling on

1704-691: The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea ) for transportation of dangerous goods by sea. IMO member countries have also developed the HNS Convention to provide compensation in case of dangerous goods spills in the sea. The Intergovernmental Organisation for International Carriage by Rail has developed the regulations concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Rail ("RID", part of

1775-511: The 12 months following them saw firefighters able to spend more time on training, community safety work, and home safety visits (including the free fitting of smoke alarms). Firefighters must go through an assessment centre and reach the required standard set out by the Brigade in order to gain promotion. This process will be followed for each subsequent role the individual applies for, up to and including Assistant Commissioner. Appointments above

1846-569: The 1958 film 'Dunkirk' starring John Mills and Richard Attenborough. Massey Shaw remained in service as a Thames fireboat until 1971 when she was decommissioned. In 1980 Philip Wray, Dick Helyer, and several other concerned individuals found the Massey Shaw abandoned in St Katharine Docks . They founded "The Massey Shaw Fireboat Society" and began to lobby the Fire Authority to save this historic vessel, eventually being granted

1917-515: The FBU in protest at the LFB's intention to change the shift pattern from two 9-hour day shifts then two 15-hour night shifts followed by three days off, to two 12-hour day shifts then two 12-hour night shifts followed by four days off. A London Fire Brigade report published in March 2012 stated that the shift changes have improved safety in the city. Compared with the 12 months prior to the shift changes,

1988-589: The GLA also takes responsibility for the Metropolitan Police Service , Transport for London and other functions. In 2007, the LFB vacated its Lambeth headquarters and moved to a site in Union Street, Southwark . In the same year, the Department for Communities and Local Government announced that LFB Commissioner Ken Knight had been appointed as the first Chief Fire and Rescue Adviser to

2059-495: The Hazchem warning plate system which carries information on how an emergency service should deal with an incident. The Dangerous Goods Emergency Action Code List (EAC) lists dangerous goods; it is reviewed every two years and is an essential compliance document for all emergency services, local government and for those who may control the planning for, and prevention of, emergencies involving dangerous goods. The latest 2015 version

2130-592: The Integrated Personal Development System (IPDS). In 2010/11, the LFB handled a total of 212,657 emergency calls, including 5,241 hoax calls (although it only mobilised to 2,248 of those malicious false alarms). During the same period, it dealt with 13,367 major fires. There were 6,731 dwelling fires, including 748 that had been started deliberately; 73 people died in 58 fatal fires. In addition to conflagrations , LFB firefighters respond to "special services". A special service

2201-617: The LFB also responds to road traffic collisions , floods , shut-in- lift releases, and other incidents such as those involving hazardous materials or major transport accidents. It also conducts emergency planning and performs fire safety inspections and education. It does not provide an emergency medical service as this function is performed by the London Ambulance Service , an independent organisation, although all LFB firefighters are trained in first aid and all of its fire engines carry first aid equipment. Since 2016,

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2272-553: The LFB has provided first aid for some life-threatening medical emergencies (e.g. cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest ). Following a multitude of ad-hoc firefighting arrangements and the Great Fire of London , various insurance companies established firefighting units to tackle fires that occurred in buildings that their respective companies insured. As demands grew on the primitive firefighting units they began to coordinate and co-operate with each other until, on 1 January 1833,

2343-425: The LFB, a 28% reduction on the previous year. The other core duty of the brigade is to "prevent damage", and day-to-day fire prevention duties. The LFB provides fire cover according to a system of four risk categories which have traditionally been used across the UK, where every building is rated for its risk on a scale from "A" down to "D". The risk category determines the minimum number of appliances to be sent in

2414-561: The London Fire Brigade was organised into two divisions: Northern and Southern, divided in most places by the River Thames and each commanded by a divisional officer. Both divisions were divided into three districts, each under a superintendent with his headquarters at a "superintendent station". The superintendent stations themselves were commanded by district officers, with the other stations under station officers. On

2485-561: The London Fire Engine Establishment was formed under the leadership of James Braidwood , who had founded the first professional, municipal fire brigade in Edinburgh . He introduced a uniform that, for the first time, included personal protection from the hazards of firefighting. With 80 firefighters and 13 fire stations , the unit was still a private enterprise, funded by the insurance companies and as such

2556-749: The Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM). This department was responsible for legislation covering fire authorities; however, in 2006, a structural change to central government led to the creation of the Department for Communities and Local Government (DCLG), and subsequently the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government (MHCLG). It is now responsible for fire and resilience in England, including London. The Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 changed many working practices; it

2627-572: The UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. Australia uses the standard international UN numbers with a few slightly different signs on the back, front and sides of vehicles carrying hazardous substances. The country uses the same " Hazchem " code system as the UK to provide advisory information to emergency services personnel in the event of an emergency. Transportation of dangerous goods (hazardous materials) in Canada by road

2698-517: The UN model but modified to accommodate unique aspects of air transport. Individual airline and governmental requirements are incorporated with this by the International Air Transport Association to produce the widely used IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations (DGR). Similarly, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has developed the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code ("IMDG Code", part of

2769-465: The agencies OSHA, EPA, USCG, and NIOSH jointly published the first Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response Guidance Manual which is available for download. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates hazardous materials as they may impact the community and environment, including specific regulations for environmental cleanup and for handling and disposal of waste hazardous materials. For instance, transportation of hazardous materials

2840-608: The beaches and rescued over 500 troops, most by ferrying them to a larger ship standing offshore. She also rescued some 30 men from a French ship mined off Margate. Massey Shaw served throughout the remainder of the War as a fireboat on the Thames . During the Blitz , the vessel pumped vast quantities of water from the Thames to fight fires all along the Thames waterfront. She can be seen in

2911-443: The candidate completes a development folder which usually takes around 12–18 months. Ongoing training – both theoretical and practical – continues throughout the firefighter's career. In December 2010 the LFB and Fire Brigades Union (FBU) agreed on a new shift pattern for front-line firefighters: two 10½-hour day shifts then two 13½-hour night shifts followed by four days off. The agreement followed two 8-hour daytime strikes by

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2982-418: The creation of the Greater London Council in 1965, the brigade was enlarged and took over almost all of the Middlesex Fire Brigade, part of west Kent, North Surrey and South West Essex, together with the small County Borough brigades of Croydon, East Ham and West Ham. The internal LFB organisation consists of three directorates that all report to the commissioner. They are: The LFB's headquarters since 2007

3053-650: The dangerous goods transportation regulations of the country of interest. For example, see the TDG Bulletin: Dangerous Goods Safety Marks based on the Canadian Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations . The statement above applies equally to all the dangerous goods classes discussed in this article. For example, the Canadian Transportation of Dangerous Goods Regulations provides

3124-406: The degree of protective packaging required for dangerous goods during transportation. One of the transport regulations is that, as an assistance during emergency situations, written instructions how to deal in such need to be carried and easily accessible in the driver's cabin. Dangerous goods shipments also require a dangerous goods transport document prepared by the shipper. The information that

3195-551: The dissemination and restrict the usage of hazardous substances, important ones being the Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive (RoHS) and the REACH regulation. There are also long-standing European treaties such as ADR , ADN and RID that regulate the transportation of hazardous materials by road, rail, river and inland waterways, following the guide of the UN model regulations. European law distinguishes clearly between

3266-516: The federal regulations was coordinated by Transport Canada . Hazard classifications are based upon the UN model. Outside of federal facilities, labour standards are generally under the jurisdiction of individual provinces and territories. However, communication about hazardous materials in the workplace has been standardized across the country through Health Canada 's Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) . The European Union has passed numerous directives and regulations to avoid

3337-431: The first appliance to the scene was 5 minutes 33 seconds (6 minute target), and the second appliance to the scene was 6 minutes 55 seconds (8 minute target). The Fire and Rescue Services Act 2004 gives the UK fire services the ability to call upon other services or fire authorities in what is known as mutual assistance. For example, the LFB played a comprehensive role in assisting Hertfordshire Fire and Rescue Service at

3408-403: The following table: In the last 24 months, the LFB have run three firefighter recruitment campaigns; however, in previous years they have seen fewer or even none. There are many factors why they would run a recruitment drive, as there is actually no set recruitment drive for firefighters. Professional firefighter training usually takes place at various London venues. On successful completion,

3479-404: The government. Knight was succeeded as Commissioner at that time by Ron Dobson , who served for almost ten years. Dany Cotton took over in 2017, becoming the brigade's first female commissioner. In December 2022, the brigade was put into special measures with an enhanced level of monitoring after an independent review highlighted incidents of misogyny and racism. As of 1 January 2020 Andy Roe

3550-542: The increase in fear of terrorism in the early 21st century after the September 11, 2001 attacks , funding for greater hazmat-handling capabilities was increased throughout the United States, recognizing that flammable, poisonous, explosive, or radioactive substances in particular could be used for terrorist attacks. The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration regulates hazmat transportation within

3621-533: The item (see NFPA 704 ), its container, or the building where it is stored. The color of each diamond indicates its hazard, e.g., flammable is indicated with red, because fire and heat are generally of red color, and explosive is indicated with orange, because mixing red (flammable) with yellow (oxidizing agent) creates orange. A nonflammable and nontoxic gas is indicated with green, because all compressed air vessels were this color in France after World War II, and France

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3692-469: The law of dangerous goods and the law of hazardous materials. The first refers primarily to the transport of the respective goods including the interim storage, if caused by the transport. The latter describes the requirements of storage (including warehousing) and usage of hazardous materials. This distinction is important, because different directives and orders of European law are applied. The United Kingdom (and also Australia, Malaysia, and New Zealand) use

3763-408: The new title of Brigade Manager). London Fire Brigade, along with many UK fire and rescue services, adopted a change in rank structure in 2006. The traditional ranks were replaced with new titles descriptive of the job function. On 17 October 2019, London Fire Brigade announced a return to the traditional rank titles, in a policy named "Role to Rank". The rank structure of the Brigade is now as in

3834-575: The newly qualified firefighter is posted to a fire station to work on a shift pattern – currently two day shifts (ten and half hours), followed by two night shifts (thirteen and half hours), followed by four days off. Working patterns were the subject of scrutiny in Professor Bain's Independent Review of the Fire Service. After training school, firefighters serve a one-year period of probation; qualification and full pay are not reached until

3905-794: The responsible management of hazardous waste and chemicals as an important part of sustainable development with Sustainable Development Goal 3 . Target 3.9 has this target with respect to hazardous chemicals: "By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination." Furthermore, Sustainable Development Goal 6 also mentions hazardous materials in Target 6.3: "By 2030, improve water quality by reducing pollution, eliminating dumping and minimizing release of hazardous chemicals and materials [...]." The Australian Dangerous Goods Code complies with international standards of importation and exportation of dangerous goods in line with

3976-490: The risk. Note: The graphics and text in this article representing the dangerous goods safety marks are derived from the United Nations-based system of identifying dangerous goods. Not all countries use precisely the same graphics (label, placard or text information) in their national regulations. Some use graphic symbols, but without English wording or with similar wording in their national language. Refer to

4047-500: The role of Assistant Commissioner are overseen by elected members of The London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority. Some promotion exams can be substituted by qualifications from the Institution of Fire Engineers . Firefighters and civilians such as building inspectors, scientists, surveyors and other practising professionals, take these qualifications either by written test or research. Future promotion exams will be set using

4118-701: The same product. For example, in Australia, anhydrous ammonia UN 1005 is classified as 2.3 (toxic gas) with subsidiary hazard 8 (corrosive), whereas in the U.S. it is only classified as 2.2 (non-flammable gas). People who handle dangerous goods will often wear protective equipment, and metropolitan fire departments often have a response team specifically trained to deal with accidents and spills. Persons who may come into contact with dangerous goods as part of their work are also often subject to monitoring or health surveillance to ensure that their exposure does not exceed occupational exposure limits . Laws and regulations on

4189-429: The second within eight minutes. Category "C" covers lower density, suburban areas and detached properties. One fire engine should arrive at a "C" risk incident within ten minutes. More rural areas not covered by the first three categories will be considered "D" risk. One fire engine should arrive at "D" risks within 20 minutes. In 2007/08, the first fire engine mobilised to a 999 call arrived within five minutes 58.8% of

4260-454: The size of a fire or special service by the final number of appliances mobilised to deal with it. For example, two appliances are despatched to a "B" risk area in response to a fire call in a residential house. The officer-in-charge can request additional appliances by transmitting a radio message such as, "make pumps four", or if persons are believed to be involved or trapped, "make pumps four, persons reported". The control room will then deploy

4331-455: The territory of the US by Title 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations . The U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulates the handling of hazardous materials in the workplace as well as response to hazardous-materials-related incidents, most notably through Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response ( HAZWOPER ). regulations found at 29 CFR 1910.120. In 1984

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4402-407: The time, and within eight minutes 90% of the time. The second fire engine deployed arrived within eight minutes 81.9% of the time, and within ten minutes 92.4% of the time. In 2010/11, the average response time of the first appliance to the scene was 5 minutes 34 seconds (6 minute target), and the second appliance was 6 minutes 53 seconds (8 minute target). In 2015/16, the average response time for

4473-426: The transporting vehicle's exterior to convey information to emergency services personnel. Drivers that carry dangerous goods commercially, or carry quantities in excess of the rule's guidelines must obtain a D (dangerous goods) endorsement on their driver's licence . Drivers carrying quantities of goods under the rule's guidelines and for recreational or domestic purposes do not need any special endorsements. Due to

4544-411: The use and handling of hazardous materials may differ depending on the activity and status of the material. For example, one set of requirements may apply to their use in the workplace while a different set of requirements may apply to spill response, sale for consumer use, or transportation. Most countries regulate some aspect of hazardous materials. Packing groups are used for the purpose of determining

4615-619: The way, including Cowes , Isle of Wight where the vessel was built in 1935. However, she returned to London by road in 2013 where final stages of the restoration were completed. As of 2021, Massey Shaw is moored at the eastern end of the West India Docks South Dock on the Isle of Dogs in London. 51°30′04″N 0°00′42″W  /  51.501088°N 0.011559°W  / 51.501088; -0.011559 London Fire Brigade The London Fire Brigade ( LFB )

4686-607: Was brought in to replace the Fire Services Act 1947 and repealed several existing acts, many going back fifty years. The full list of acts repealed can be found here: The 2004 Act was drafted in response to the Independent Review of the Fire Service, often referred to as the Bain Report, after its author Professor Sir George Bain . It recommended radical changes to many working procedures and led to

4757-486: Was built to a London County Council design, and cost around £18,000 to build. The vessel was named after Eyre Massey Shaw , a former chief of the London Fire Brigade. During the Second World War , Massey Shaw , along with a volunteer crew of firemen , formed part of the flotilla of small vessels which were sent to Dunkirk to help evacuate British troops from the beaches. Massey Shaw made three trips to

4828-601: Was disbanded and a new statutory authority , the London Fire and Civil Defence Authority (LFCDA), was formed to take responsibility for the LFB. The LFCDA was replaced in 2000 by the London Fire and Emergency Planning Authority. At the same time, the Greater London Authority (GLA) was established to administer the LFEPA and coordinate emergency planning for London. Consisting of the Mayor of London and other elected members,

4899-423: Was passed, creating the Metropolitan Fire Brigade under the leadership of Eyre Massey Shaw , a former head of police and fire services in Belfast . In 1904 it was renamed as the London Fire Brigade. The LFB moved into a new headquarters built by Higgs and Hill on the Albert Embankment in Lambeth in 1937, where it remained until 2007. During the Second World War the country's brigades were amalgamated into

4970-435: Was responsible mainly for saving material goods from fire. Several large fires, most notably at the Palace of Westminster in 1834 and the 1861 Tooley Street fire (in which Braidwood died in action, aged 61), spurred the insurance companies to lobby the British government to provide the brigade at public expense and management. After due consideration, the Metropolitan Fire Brigade Act 1865 ( 28 & 29 Vict. c. 90)

5041-533: Was where the diamond system of hazmat identification originated. The most widely applied regulatory scheme is that for the transportation of dangerous goods. The United Nations Economic and Social Council issues the UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods , which form the basis for most regional, national, and international regulatory schemes. For instance, the International Civil Aviation Organization has developed dangerous goods regulations for air transport of hazardous materials that are based upon

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